| South Africa | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Union | South African Rugby Union | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nickname(s) | Springboks, Springbokke, Amabokoboko | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Emblem(s) | the Springbok and the Protea | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Coach |  Peter de Villiers | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Captain | John Smit | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Most caps | Percy Montgomery (95) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Top scorer | Percy Montgomery (878) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Most tries | Joost van der Westhuizen (38) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| First international | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| South Africa 4 - 0 British Isles (30 July 1891) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Largest win | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
South Africa 134 - 3  Uruguay(11 June 2005) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Worst defeat | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 England 53 - 3 South Africa (23 November 2002) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| World Cup | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Appearances | 4 (First in 1995) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Best result | Champions, 1995 and 2007 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The South Africa national rugby union team' (commonly referred to as the ' in English, Springbokke in Afrikaans and Amabokoboko in Zulu), are the number one ranked rugby union team in the world and the reigning Rugby World Cup champions for the second time in the history of the team. The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa Overview See also Playing rugby union A rugby union match lasts for 80 minutes (plus stoppage time with a short Afrikaans is an Indo-European language, derived from 17th century Dutch and classified as Low Franconian Germanic, mainly spoken in Zulu (called isiZulu in Zulu is a Language of the Zulu people with about 10 million speakers the vast majority (over 95% of whom live in South Uses of the rankings The rankings are used by the IRB to rank the progression and current ability of the national rugby union teams of its member nations but the data The Rugby World Cup is the premier international Rugby union competition The Springboks compete annually in the Tri Nations alongside the New Zealand All Blacks and Australia's Wallabies, in addition to a number of other international competitions, including the Rugby World Cup. The Tri Nations is an annual international Rugby union series held between the national teams of Australia (the Wallabies) New Zealand (the New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island The All Blacks are New Zealand's national team in Rugby union, the country's National sport. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. The Australian national rugby union team is the representative side of Australia in Rugby union. The Rugby World Cup is the premier international Rugby union competition
Although South Africa was instrumental in the creation of the Rugby World Cup competition, the Springboks did not compete in the first two World Cups in the 1987 and 1991 due to anti-Apartheid sporting boycotts of South Africa. The First Rugby World Cup was hosted by New Zealand and Australia in 1987 and was won by New Zealand. The 1991 Rugby World Cup was jointly hosted by England, Ireland, Scotland, Wales and France. Anti-Apartheid Movement, originally known as the Boycott Movement, was a British organization that was at the center of the international movement opposing South Africa's The team made its World Cup debut in 1995, when the recently unified nation of South Africa hosted the tournament. The 1995 Rugby World Cup was the third Rugby World Cup. It was hosted by South Africa, and had the distinction of being the first Rugby World Cup in which every match The Springboks defeated the All Blacks 15-12 in the 1995 Rugby World Cup Final, which is now remembered as one of the greatest moments in South Africa's sporting history, and a watershed moment in the post Apartheid relationship building process. The 1995 Rugby World Cup was the third Rugby World Cup. It was hosted by South Africa, and had the distinction of being the first Rugby World Cup in which every match South Africa regained their title as champions in 2007, when they defeated England 15–6 in the 2007 final. The England national rugby union team represents England in Rugby union. The 2007 Rugby World Cup was the sixth Rugby World Cup, a quadrennial international Rugby union world championship inaugurated in 1987. As a result of the 2007 World Cup tournament, the Springboks gained enough points to be promoted to first position in the IRB World Rankings—the first time that they have occupied the primary rank.
The Springboks play in green and gold jerseys, and their emblems are the Springbok and the Protea. The Springbok ( Afrikaans and Dutch: spring = jump bok = Antelope or Goat) ( Antidorcas marsupialis) is a medium "Sugarbush" redirects here For the ski resort see Sugarbush Resort Protea is both the Botanical name The side have been playing international rugby since 1891, when a British Isles side toured the nation, playing South Africa in their first Test on 30 July. The British and Irish Lions (until 2001 known as the British Isles Rugby Union Team or "British Lions" Rugby union side comprises a pick of the best players from Events 1419 - First Defenestration of Prague. 1502 - Christopher Columbus lands at Guanaja in the Bay Islands off South Africa is currently coached by Peter de Villiers, after Jake White, who led the Boks to the 2007 World Cup title, announced his resignation effective at the end of 2007. Peter de Villiers (born 3 June 1957) is a South African Rugby union coach. Jake White (born 13 December 1963 in Johannesburg as Jacob Westerduin) is a Rugby union coach and former coach of the South Africa It has been officially announced that John Smit will continue as captain of the Springboks despite his post-World Cup move to the French Top 14 side Clermont. John William Smit (born 3 April 1978 in Pietersburg, South Africa) is the 50th and current captain of the South African national Rugby union The Top 14 is a Rugby union club competition which is played in France. Association Sportive Montferrandaise Clermont Auvergne is a French Rugby union club from Clermont-Ferrand in Auvergne that currently competes [1]
Contents |
History
Early years
When Canon George Oglivie became headmaster of Diocesan College in Cape Town in 1861, he introduced the game of football, as played at Winchester School. The Diocesan College, or Bishops as it is more commonly known is a private all-boys school situated in the suburb of Rondebosch in Cape Town, Cape Town (Kaapstad Xhosa: Ikapa) is the second most populous city in South Africa, forming part of the metropolitan municipality of the Winchester College is a well-known boys' Independent school, and an example of an English Public school, in the city of Winchester in Hampshire This version of football, which included handling, is seen as the beginnings of rugby in South Africa. [2][3] Soon, the young gentlemen of Cape Town joined in and the first match in South Africa took place between the "Officers of the Army" and the "Gentlemen of the Civil Service" at Green Point in Cape Town in 1862 and ended as a 0–0 draw. Cape Town (Kaapstad Xhosa: Ikapa) is the second most populous city in South Africa, forming part of the metropolitan municipality of the [4]
Rugby began to be played in the Cape colony around 1875, the following year the first rugby (as opposed to Winchester football) club was formed. Winchester College Football, also known as Winkies WinCoFo or simply "Our Game" is a code of football played at Winchester College. Former England international William Henry Milton arrived in Cape Town in 1878. Sir William Henry Milton ( 3 December 1854 - 6 March 1930) was the 3rd Administrator of Mashonaland, played rugby He joined the Villagers club and started playing and preaching rugby. By the end of that year Cape Town had all but abandoned the Winchester game in favour of rugby. British colonists helped spread the game through the Eastern Cape, Natal and along the gold and diamond routes to Kimberley and Johannesburg. The Eastern Cape is a province of South Africa. Its capital is Bhisho. Kimberley is a town in South Africa, and the capital of the Northern Cape. Johannesburg ( Pronounced /jō-hān'ĭs-bûrg'/ is the largest city in South Africa. [5] British troops would also play a key role in spreading the game throughout the country. [2]
In 1887, the Stellenbosch club was formed in the farming district outside Cape Town. Rugby was enthusiastically adopted by the young Boers. In 1883 the Western Province Rugby Union was formed to help administer the game in the Western Cape. Western Province is a South African Rugby union team that participates in the annual Currie Cup tournament The Western Cape is a province in the south west of South Africa. [6] Griqualand West followed in 1886, Eastern Province in 1888, and Transvaal in 1889. [5] The South African Rugby Board, to govern white rugby players in the country, was founded during the same year. The South African Rugby Board was the governing body of white Rugby union in South Africa between 1889 and 1992. [7] The first nationwide tournament was held at Kimberley in 1889, with the Western Province prevailing over Griqualand West, Eastern Province and Transvaal. [8]
First internationals
The first-ever British Isles tour took place in 1891, with the trip financially underwritten by Cape Colony Prime Minister Cecil Rhodes. The British and Irish Lions (until 2001 known as the British Isles Rugby Union Team or "British Lions" Rugby union side comprises a pick of the best players from The Cape Colony, part of modern South Africa, was established by the Dutch East India Company in 1652 with the founding of Cape Town. This article is about the government position For other uses see Prime Minister (disambiguation. Cecil John Rhodes, PC DCL (5 July 1853 &ndash 26 March 1902 was an English -born Businessman mining Magnate, and Politician [9] These were the first representative games played by South African sides, who were still learning the game. The tourists played and won a total of twenty matches, conceding only one point in the process. [10] South Africa's first ever Tests were played, although South Africa did not exist as political unit until 1910. In a notable event of the tour, the British side presented the Currie Cup to Griqualand West, the province they thought produced the best performance on the tour. For the cricket competition originally known as the Currie Cup see SuperSport Series. The Wildeklawer Griquas are a South African Rugby union team that participates in the annual Currie Cup Tournament. [8]
The British Isles' success continued on their 21 game tour of 1896. The British Isles won three out of the four Tests against South Africa. South Africa's play improved markedly from 1891. Their forwards were particularly impressive, and their first ever Test win in the final game was a pointer to the future. [11][12] For the first time South Africa had worn myrtle green shirts, which their captain, Barry Heatlie, borrowed from his Old Diocesian club. Rugby was given a huge boost by the early Lions tours, which created great interest in the South African press. [13]
Rugby was so popular that in 1902 there was a temporary ceasefire in the Second Boer War so that a game could be played between British and Boer forces. See also First Boer War,, South African Wars (1879-1915 The Second Boer War ( Dutch: Tweede Boerenoorlog, Afrikaans: The game had spread amongst the Afrikaner population through POW games during the Boer War,[14] and afterwards Stellenbosch University became a training ground for future players and administrators. Stellenbosch University ( Afrikaans: Universiteit Stellenbosch) is an internationally recognised University which is situated in the town of Stellenbosch [2]
In 1903 the British Isles lost a series for the first time in South Africa, drawing the opening two Tests before losing the last 8–0. In all, the tourists won just 11 of their 22 tour games. [15][16] By contrast, South Africa would not lose another series—home or away—until 1956. [2]
Springboks
Paul Roos was the captain of the first South African team to tour the British Isles and France. Paul Johannes Roos (1878 - 1948 (also known as Oom Polla - Afrikaans for "Uncle Polla" was the first South African Springbok The team was largely dominated by players from the Western Province, and took place over 1906–07. The team played 29 matches; including Tests against all four Home Nations. "Home nation" (common noun redirects here home nation is also used to refer to the host country of Multi-sport events (eg England managed a draw, but Scotland was the only one of the Home unions to gain a victory. [17]
During this tour the nickname Springboks was first used. At an impromptu meeting, team captain Paul Roos invented the nickname to prevent the British press from coining their own nickname. [18] Newspaper reporters were to call the team "De Springbokken", and later The Daily Mail printed an article referring to the "Springboks". The Daily Mail is a British newspaper currently published in a tabloid format [19] The team thereafter wore blazers with a springbok on the left breast pocket. Historically the term 'Springbok' was applied to any team or individual representing South Africa in international competition regardless of sporting discipline. This tradition was abandoned with the advent of South Africa's new democratic government in 1994. [20] The trip helped heal wounds after the Boer War and instilled a sense of national pride among South Africans. [2][21]
The South Africans crossed the channel to play an unofficial match against a 'France' team drawn from the two Parisian clubs: Stade Français and Racing Club de France. Stade Français CASG (usually known as Stade Français and Stade Français Paris) are a French professional Rugby union club based in the Racing Métro 92 Paris is a French Rugby union club that was formed in 2001 with the collaboration of the Racing Club de France and US Métro. The official French team were in England at the time. The Springboks won 55–6 and scored 13 tries in the process. [22][23]
The 1910 British Isles tour of South Africa was the first to include representatives from all four Home unions. The team performed moderately against the non-test parties, claiming victories in just over half their matches. The tourists won just one of their three Tests. [24]
The Boks' second European tour took place in 1912–13. They beat the four Home nations to earn their first Grand Slam and also went on to defeat France. "Home nation" (common noun redirects here home nation is also used to refer to the host country of Multi-sport events (eg In Rugby union, a Grand Slam occurs when one team in the Six Nations Championship manages to beat all the others during one year's competition or when a touring side [2][25]
Inter war
By the first World War New Zealand and South Africa had established themselves as rugby's two greatest powers. [26][27] A New Zealand Army match tour of South Africa in 1919 paved the way for a Springbok tour to New Zealand and Australia in 1921. The tour was billed as "The World Championship of Rugby". [28] The All Blacks won the first Test 13–5, which included a try by All Blacks winger Jack Steel who had sprinted 50 metres with the ball trapped between his right hand and back to score. A Rugby union team is made up of 15 players eight forwards numbered from 1 to 8 and seven backs numbered from 9 to 15 [29] The Springboks recovered to win the second Test 9–5 thanks to a Gerhard Morkel drop-goal. [29] The final Test was drawn 0–0 after being played in terrible conditions—resulting in a series draw. [30]
The 1924 British Lions team to South Africa struggled with injuries and won only nine of 21 games. They lost all four Tests to the Springboks, but despite the results, the tour produced some attractive rugby. [31][32] This was the first side to pick up the name Lions,[33] apparently picked up from the Lions embroidered on their ties. [34]
The All Blacks first toured South Africa in 1928, and again the Test series finished level. Despite playing most of the second half with only 14 men, with a dominant scrum and fly-half Bennie Osler, the Springboks won the first Test 17–0 to inflict the All Blacks' heaviest defeat since 1893. Benjamin Louwrens Osler (23 November 1901 – 28 April 1962 was a Rugby union footballer who played internationally for South Africa. [35][36] The All Blacks rebounded to win the second Test 7–6. After a Springbok win in the third Test, the Springboks needed to win the fourth to secure a series victory. The New Zealanders bought back Mark Nicholls for his only Test of the series,[37] and their captain Maurice Brownlie told the team a week before the Test that "Under no circumstances whatever is anyone of you so much as to touch a rugby ball until we play the Springboks in the last test. Maurice Brownlie ( 10 August 1897 - 21 January 1957) was a New Zealand Rugby Union player "[38] Their tactics were successful and the All Blacks won 13–5 to draw the series. [37]
Despite winning South Africa's second Grand Slam, the Springbok tourists of 1931–32 were an unloved team. They had a jumbo pack and a kicking fly-half in captain Bennie Osler. Benjamin Louwrens Osler (23 November 1901 – 28 April 1962 was a Rugby union footballer who played internationally for South Africa. Their tactics of kicking for territory earned them criticism both in South Africa and abroad. [39][40] It was successful however, the team winning against England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales, as well as defeating all their Welsh opponents for the first time. [41]
In 1937 South Africa toured New Zealand and Australia and broke the deadlock with a series win in New Zealand. Their 2–1 series win prompted them to be called "the best team to ever leave New Zealand". [42] Despite the All Blacks winning the first Test, the Springboks' won in the third Test 17–6 and scored five tries to none. [43] The All Blacks' loss was considered a humiliation in New Zealand. [43]
The British Isles toured South Africa again in 1938, winning more than half of their normal matches. The Springboks easily claimed the first two tests. But the tourists recorded a surprise win in the third Test, the first Lions win in South Africa since 1910. [44]
Post-war era
Danie Craven was appointed coach in 1949, and started his coaching career with a bang. Daniël Hartman Craven (11 October 1910 Lindley Free State, South Africa died 4 January 1993 Stellenbosch, South Africa more famously known as Danie Craven The Springboks won ten matches in a row, including a 4–0 whitewash of New Zealand on their 1949 tour to South Africa. [45] Prop Okey Geffin helped kick the Springboks to victory—they won all four Tests despite the All Blacks scoring more tries in three of them. [46][47] The 1951–52 team that toured Europe was considered amongst the finest Springbok sides to tour. [25] The team won the Grand Slam as well as defeating France. Hennie Muller captained the side after original captain Basil Kenyon suffered a serious eye injury. Hendrik "Hennie" Scholtz Vosloo Muller (born 26 March 1922 in Witbank) is a former South African Rugby union footballer The South African highlight of the tour was a 44–0 defeat of Scotland. [39] The defeat of Scotland included nine tries, and was a record at the time. [48] The team finished with only one loss, to London Counties, from 31 matches. [49]
During their 1955 tour to South Africa, the Lions won 19 and drew one from the 25 fixtures. Year 1955 ( MCMLV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar) The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa The four-test series ended in a draw. In 1956 the All Blacks won its first ever series over the Springboks, in what Chris Hewett called "in the most bitterly fought series in history. "[50] Surprise selection Don Clarke from Waikato—nicknamed the Boot—kicked the decisive penalties in the final Tests. Donald Barry Clarke (10 November 1933&ndash29 December 2002 was a New Zealand Rugby union player who played 89 times (31 of these were test matches as an All Black [51]
South Africa had defeated France 25–3 at Colombes Stadium in 1952, and when France toured South Africa in 1958 they were not expected to compete. The Stade Olympique Yves-du-Manoir in Colombes, near Paris, France (also known as the Stade Olympique de Colombes, or simply Colombes [52] Georges Duthen described the mood of the French players before their first Test in 1958: "They were going into battle. A Battle for France. And they hadn't a hope. . . "[52] France exceeded expectations and drew 3–3 with after a drop goal to French scrum-half Pierre Danos and unconverted try to South Africa's Butch Lochner. A Rugby union team is made up of 15 players eight forwards numbered from 1 to 8 and seven backs numbered from 9 to 15 [53] The French then secured a Test series victory in South Africa with their 9–5 victory in front of 90,000 spectators in Johannesburg. [54] The French feared the South African forwards, especially their scrum, and focused much of their training before the series on improving the "South African" style of their forwards. [55] The decisive moment of the match was French forward Jean Barthe's tackle on Jan Prinsloo near the French try-line prevented a certain try. The momentum then swung to France who scored drop-goals—one each to Pierre Lacaze and Roger Martine—to secure the historic victory. [56]
1960s
Even before the apartheid laws were passed after 1948, sporting teams going to South Africa had felt it necessary to exclude non-white players. New Zealand rugby teams in particular had done this, and the exclusion of George Nepia and Jimmy Mill from the 1928 All Blacks tour,[57][58] and the dropping of Ranji Wilson from the New Zealand Army team nine years before that,[59] had attracted little comment at the time. George Nepia (25 April 1905 &mdash 27 June 1986 was a Māori Rugby union and Rugby league player Nathaniel Arthur "Ranji" Wilson ( 18 May 1886 — 11 August 1953) was an early All Black, rugby football player for New However, in 1960 international criticism of apartheid grew in the wake of the The Wind of Change speech and the Sharpeville massacre. The Sharpeville Massacre, also known as the Sharpeville shootings, occurred on March 21, 1960, when South African police began shooting on a crowd [60]
From this point onward, the Springboks were increasingly the target of international controversy and protest. The All Blacks toured in 1960, despite a campaign based on the slogan of "No Maoris, No Tour", and a 150,000 signature petition opposing it. [61] The Springboks avenged their 1956 series defeat by winning the Test series 2–1 with a Test drawn. [62] The first match was won 13–0 by the Springboks with two tries to Hennie van Zyl. [63] New Zealand journalist Noel Holmes said after the match "I hand my head in shame for having suggested that your forwards might be slow, even unfit. "[64] The All Blacks won the second Test 11–3 which they did so with a dominant forward pack and the tactical kicking of Don Clarke. [64] The players selected for the third and fourth Tests formed the core of Springboks side for the next three seasons. [65] The third Test was drawn 11–11 after a last minute sideline conversion from All Black Don Clarke. [66][51] The deciding Test was won 8–3 by the Springboks with the decisive try scored by Martin Pelser. [67]
Later that same year the Springboks themselves toured, and led by Avril Malan they defeated all four Home unions for their fourth Grand Slam. On a four-month, 34 game sweep through Europe they played a ruthless, forward-oriented game in which intimidation was a key part, and opposition players suffered a string of controversial injuries. However, they lost their final game 6–0 against the Barbarians in Cardiff, beaten when perhaps the Barbarians' pack played an uncharacteristically pragmatic game. The Barbarian Football Club, typically referred to as Barbarians and nicknamed the "Baa-Baas" is an invitational Rugby union team based in Britain Cardiff ( 'kɑːdɪf) is the Capital and the largest city and county in Wales.
In 1962 the British Isles, won 16 of their 25 games on their tour to South Africa, but did not do so well in the Tests—losing all three.
Wales toured South Africa and played several games and one Test in 1964—their first overseas tour. [68] They lost the Test against South Africa in Durban 24–3, their biggest defeat in 40 years. Durban (eThekwini is the third most populous city in South Africa, forming part of the EThekwini metropolitan municipality. [69] At the Welsh Rugby Union (WRU) annual general meeting that year, the outgoing WRU President D. The Welsh Rugby Union (WRU ( Undeb Rygbi Cymru) is the governing body of Rugby union in Wales, recognised by the International Rugby Board Ewart Davies declared that "it was evident from the experience of the South African Tour that a much more positive attitude to the game was required in Wales. . . Players must be prepared to learn, and indeed re-learn, to the absolute point of mastery, the basic principles of Rugby Union football. "[68]
South Africa had a disastrous year in 1965, losing on tour to Ireland, Scotland, Australia (twice) and New Zealand (three times) while winning just once against New Zealand. The planned 1967 tour by the All Blacks was cancelled by the New Zealand Rugby Football Union after the South African government refused to allow Maori players.
In 1968 the Lions toured and won 15 of their 16 provincial matches, but lost three Tests and drew one. Next year the 1969 Springbok tour to Britain and Ireland found a new spirit and confidence had developed in Home nations rugby, and the tourists lost two of their seven games in Wales—against Newport and a composite side from Monmouthshire. Newport Rugby Football Club is a Welsh Rugby union club based in the city of Newport, South Wales Wales nearly claimed their first win against the Springboks as the game ended 6–6. The Springboks lost the Test matches against England and Scotland, drawing the one against Ireland. Throughout the tour however, large anti-apartheid demonstrations were a feature, and many matches had to be played behind barbed wire fences.
1970s
In 1970 the All Blacks toured South Africa once again—after the 1967 stand-off, the South African government now agreed to treat Maoris in the team, and Maori spectators, as 'honorary whites'. The Springboks won the test series 3–1.
The Springbok tour of Australia in 1971 began with matches in Perth, then Adelaide and Melbourne. Perth may refer to Adelaide is the capital and most populous city of the Australian state of South Australia, and is the fifth largest city in Australia with a Melbourne ( is the second most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 3 The Springboks won all three Tests, scoring 18–6, 14–6, and 19–11. As in Britain three years before however, massive anti-apartheid demonstrations greeted the team, and they had to be transported by the Royal Australian Air Force after the trade unions refused to service planes or trains transporting them. The Royal Australian Air Force ( RAAF) is the Air Force branch of the Australian Defence Force. Although a tour of New Zealand had been planned for 1973, it was blocked by New Zealand Prime Minister Norman Kirk on the grounds of public safety. This article is about the government position For other uses see Prime Minister (disambiguation. Norman Eric Kirk ( 6 January 1923 &ndash 31 August 1974) was Prime Minister of New Zealand from 1972 until his sudden death in [70]
The Lions team that toured South Africa in 1974 led by Willie John McBride was unbeaten over 22 games, and triumphed 3–0 (with one drawn) in the Test series. Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. William James McBride MBE, better known as Willie John McBride (born 6 June 1940 Toomebridge, County Antrim) is a former Rugby union A key feature was the Lions' infamous '99 call'. Lions management had decided that the Springboks dominated their opponents with physical aggression, so decided "to get their retaliation in first". At the call of '99' each Lions player would attack their nearest rival player. The idea was that a South African referee would be unlikely to send off all of the Lions. At the "battle of Boet Erasmus Stadium"—one of the most violent matches in rugby history—JPR Williams famously ran over half of the pitch and launched himself at 'Moaner' van Heerden after such a call. EPRFU Stadium, also known by its original name of Boet Erasmus Stadium, is a Stadium in Port Elizabeth, South Africa. John Peter Rhys Williams (born 2 March 1949 in Cardiff, Wales known universally as J [71]
The 1976 All Blacks tour of South Africa went ahead, and the Springboks won by three Tests to one, but coming shortly after the Soweto riots the tour attracted international condemnation and 28 countries boycotted the 1976 Summer Olympics in protest, and the next year, in 1977, the Commonwealth signed the Gleneagles Agreement, which discouraged any sporting contact with South Africa. The Soweto uprising or Soweto Riots were a series of clashes in Soweto, South Africa on June 16 1976 between black youths and the South African The 1976 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXI Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event held in Montreal, Quebec The Gleneagles Agreement was unanimously approved by the Commonwealth of Nations at a meeting at Gleneagles, Auchterarder, Scotland. In response to the growing pressure the segregated South African rugby unions merged in 1977. Four years later Errol Tobias would became the first non-white South African to represent his country when he took the field against Ireland. Errol George Tobias (born 18 March 1950) is a former South African rugby union footballer the first black man to start a test for the South African national side A planned 1979 Springbok tour of France was stopped by the French government, who announced that it was inappropriate for South African teams to tour France.
1980s
The Lions toured South Africa in 1980. The team completed a flawless non-Test record, winning 14 out of 14 non-Test matches on the tour. But they lost the first three Tests before winning the last one.
The 1981 tour of New Zealand went ahead in defiance of the Gleneagles Agreement. South Africa lost the series 2–1, but the tour and the massive civil disruption in New Zealand had ramifications far beyond rugby.
South Africa sought to counteract its sporting isolation by inviting the South American Jaguars to tour. The South American Jaguars was an international Rugby union team consisting of South American players that played during the early 1980s against the South African The team contained mainly Argentinian players, whose national team had struggled to attract strong international opposition. Eight matches were played between the two teams in the early 1980s—all awarded Test status.
In 1985, a planned All Black tour of South Africa was stopped by the New Zealand High Court. The High Court of New Zealand was established in 1841 and known as the Supreme Court until 1980 A rebel tour took place the next year by a team known as the Cavaliers. The Cavaliers was the name given to an unofficial New Zealand Rugby union team which toured South Africa in 1986 The team was no sanctioned by the New Zealand Rugby Football Union, yet consisted of all but two of the original squad that had been selected. [72] The team was advertised inside South Africa as the All Blacks, and the Springboks won the series.
In 1989, a World XV sanctioned by the International Rugby Board went on a mini-tour of South Africa. All traditional rugby nations bar New Zealand supplied players to the team with ten Welshmen, eight Frenchmen, six Australians, four Englishmen, one Scot and one Irishman.
1990s
From 1990 to 1991 the legal apparatus of apartheid was abolished, and the Springboks were readmitted to international rugby in 1992. They struggled to return to their pre-isolation standards, and in their first game after readmission the Springboks were defeated 27–24 by New Zealand on 15 August 1992. Events 778 - The Battle of Roncevaux Pass, at which Roland is killed Year 1992 ( MCMXCII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar) Ian McIntosh was sacked as national coach following a series defeat to the All Blacks in New Zealand in mid-1994. In October of that year, Kitch Christie accepted an offer to take over from McIntosh. George Moir Christie, better known as Kitch Christie (31 January 1940 – 22 April 1998 was a South African Rugby union coach best known for coaching the
South Africa was selected to host the 1995 Rugby World Cup, and there was a remarkable surge of support for the Springboks among the white and black communities in the lead-up to the tournament. The 1995 Rugby World Cup was the third Rugby World Cup. It was hosted by South Africa, and had the distinction of being the first Rugby World Cup in which every match This was the first major event to be held in what Archbishop Desmond Tutu had dubbed "the Rainbow Nation. Rainbow Nation is a term coined by the then Anglican Archbishop of Cape Town, Desmond Tutu to describe Post-apartheid South Africa " South Africans got behind the 'one team, one country' slogan.
By the time they hosted the 1995 World Cup, the Springboks were seeded ninth. They defeated Australia, Romania, Canada, Western Samoa and France to play in the final. The Romania national rugby union team, nicknamed The Oaks ( Stejarii) have long been one of the stronger European teams outside of the Six Nations For the Canadian Rugby league team see Canada national rugby league team. The national Rugby union team of Samoa is called Manu Samoa (the name of a famous Samoan chief some 10 generations ago The France national rugby union team represents France in Rugby union. South Africa won the epic World Cup Final against traditional rivals the All Blacks 15–12 at Ellis Park. A drop goal by Joel Stransky secured victory in extra-time. Joel Theodore Stransky (born 16 July 1967) is a former South African Rugby union footballer most notable for scoring the winning drop goal The New Zealanders claimed to have been affected by a virulent food poisoning the day before the fixture. [73][74]
Wearing a Springbok shirt, Nelson Mandela presented the trophy to captain Francois Pienaar, a white Afrikaner. Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela (xolíɬaɬa mandéːla born 18 July 1918 is a former President of South Africa, the first to be elected in fully representative Jacobus Francois Pienaar (born 2 January 1967 in Vereeniging, South Africa captained and played for the South African Springboks national Rugby union The gesture was widely seen as a major step towards the reconciliation of white and black South Africans. SARFU President Louis Luyt caused controversy at the post-match dinner by declaring that the Springboks would have won the previous two World Cups if they had been allowed to compete. Louis Luyt is a South African business tycoon and politician and one-time rugby administrator The day after the World Cup victory, the Xhosa word for Springbok, Amabokoboko! appeared as the headline of The Sowetan's sports page. See also Xhosa language The Xhosa (ǁʰɔsɑ( people are speakers of Bantu languages living in south-east South Africa, and in the last two The Sowetan is an English language, South African newspaper that started in 1981 as a liberation struggle newspaper and was freely distributed
A series of crises followed in 1995 through 1997 as it became clear that South African rugby was an unreformed element of the new Rainbow Nation. The team was also struck by tragedy, as Christie, who had led them to victory in all 14 Tests he coached, was forced to resign in 1996 after being diagnosed with leukemia. An on-field slump saw South African sides struggle in the new Super 12 and Tri-Nations competitions. The Super 14 is the largest Rugby union football club championship in the Southern hemisphere, consisting of four state teams from Australia (Queensland/Reds The Tri Nations is an annual international Rugby union series held between the national teams of Australia (the Wallabies) New Zealand (the Under new coach John Hart and the captaincy of Sean Fitzpatrick, the All Blacks won a Test series in South Africa for the first time in 1996. John Hart (c 1713 &ndash May 11 1779 was a Delegate from New Jersey to the Continental Congress and a signer of the United States Declaration Sean Brian Thomas Fitzpatrick (born 4 June 1963 in Auckland) is a former Rugby union footballer who represented New Zealand, and is widely regarded [75] Fitzpatrick even rated the series win higher than the 1987 World Cup victory in which he had participated. [75] The 1997 Lions completed their South African tour with only two losses in total, winning the Test series two games to one.
Coach Andre Markgraaff quit in 1997 due to a racial comment he made and his successor, Carel du Plessis, got sacked in 1997 and replaced by Nick Mallett. Andries Thomas Markgraaff better known as Andre was strongly tipped as a future Springbok captain in the early 1980s but due to a lack of international competition he was denied Nicholas Vivian Howard Mallett (born 30 October 1956) is a South African Rugby union coach and former player who is currently the head coach of In 1998 Mallett and new captain Gary Teichmann produced a record winning streak, winning 17 consecutive Tests, including the 1998 Tri-Nations. Gary Hamilton Teichmann (born 9 January 1967 in Gwelo, Zimbabwe) is a retired Zimbabwean-born South African Rugby union player In the same year, South Africa mourned as Christie's illness claimed his life. The Springboks entered the 1999 Rugby World Cup competition with little hope. The 1999 Rugby World Cup was the fourth Rugby World Cup and the first to be held in Rugby union 's professional era. Reverting to a kicking game and forward strength, they showed they were still a force to be reckoned with, losing to eventual champions Australia in a tense semi-final at Twickenham. Twickenham Stadium (usually known as just Twickenham or Twickers) is a Stadium located in Twickenham, in the London Borough of Richmond
New millennium
At Twickenham in November 2002 England defeated South Africa 53–3 which was their worst ever. See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. An increasingly frustrated South African side began physically targeting England players during the match. with footage showing captain Corné Krige as a leader. Cornelius Petrus Johannes "Corné" Krige (born 21 March 1975 in Lusaka, Zambia) was a South African ref> ''Sports Illustrated'' [76] In the 2002 and 2003 seasons, the Springboks also lost by record margins to France, Scotland and New Zealand. They defeated Argentina by only one point, and were easily defeated in the quarter finals of the 2003 World Cup. The Argentina national rugby team, nicknamed Los Pumas, represents Argentina in international Rugby union matches The 2003 Rugby World Cup was the fifth Rugby union world cup and was won by England.
During a pre-World Cup training camp, there was a highly publicised dispute between Geo Cronjé (an Afrikaner) and Quinton Davids (a coloured). Both were dropped from the team, and Cronjé was called before a tribunal to answer charges that his actions in the dispute were racially motivated. Cronjé was eventually cleared. Later, the Boks were sent to a military-style boot camp in the South African bush called Kamp Staaldraad (literal English translation "Camp Steel-wire", idiomatically "Camp Barbed Wire"). Kamp Staaldraad ( Afrikaans words translated idiomatically as Camp Barbed Wire) was a military-style " Boot camp " organized as a " After the World Cup, then- coach Rudolph Straeuli was under fire, not only because of the team's poor results, but because of his role in organising Kamp Staaldraad. Rudolph August Wilkens Straeuli (born 20 August 1963 in Pretoria, South Africa) played Rugby union in the positions of flanker He eventually resigned, and in February 2004 Jake White was named as new national coach. Jake White (born 13 December 1963 in Johannesburg as Jacob Westerduin) is a Rugby union coach and former coach of the South Africa
The Springboks then swept Ireland in a two-Test series and defeated Wales during their opponents' June 2004 tours of the Southern Hemisphere. Next came a win in the most closely-contested Tri Nations in history—their only Tri Nations trophy since 1998. The 2004 Tri Nations Series, an annual Rugby union competition between the national teams of Australia, New Zealand and South Africa In November 2004, the Springboks went on a Grand Slam tour of the Home Nations. They were decisively defeated by England, and lost controversially to Ireland. They then won a hard-fought match against Wales, and prevailed comfortably against Scotland. The Springbok resurgence was honoured with a sweep of the major International Rugby Board awards. The International Rugby Board (IRB is the world governing and law-making body for the sport of Rugby union, and previously for Rugby football. The Boks were named Team of the Year, White Coach of the Year, and flanker Schalk Burger Player of the Year. Schalk ("Schalla" Burger Jr (born 13 April 1983 in Port Elizabeth) is a South African Rugby union player
In 2005 the Springboks defeated an embarrassed Uruguay by a world record margin. Uruguay has played in the 1999 and 2003 Rugby World Cups They have been playing international rugby since the late 1940s Zimbabwean-born new cap, Tonderai Chavanga, scored a record six tries in the match, surpassing Stefan Terblanche's previous record of five. Tonderai Chavhanga (born 24 December, 1983 in Masvingo, Zimbabwe) is a South African Rugby union footballer Stefan Terblanche (born in Mossel Bay on July 2, 1975) is a Rugby union player The side finished second in the Tri-Nations that year, losing their final match to New Zealand. The year ended positively with close victories away from home against Argentina, among others.
With several new players aboard, the 2006 Springboks defeated Scotland twice in South Africa, before a loss in a closely contested match to France ended their long undefeated home record. A very bad start to the 2006 Tri Nations Series saw them lose 49–0 to the Wallabies. The Springboks put together better games in the following two matches, losing in the final minutes in the second test against Australia. Answering the call from many South African supporters to play a more expansive style of rugby, coach Jake White fielded a far more adventurous team. They broke South Africa's five game losing streak by beating the All Blacks 21–20 at Royal Bafokeng Stadium—the first time a Test match had been played at this rural venue near Rustenburg. The Royal Bafokeng Sports Palace is a Rugby union and Football (soccer stadium in Rustenburg, The All Blacks' defeat to the South Africans was their only loss of the year. The highlight of South Africa's tour to Europe was the 24–-15 win over England at Twickenham, after a loss to Ireland and one to England the previous week. A South Africa XV also played a World XV on this tour at the Walkers Stadium in Leicester. The Walkers Stadium is a football stadium which hosts home matches of English football team Leicester City F
In July 2006, Springbok coach Jake White told the press he had been unable to pick some white players for his squad "because of transformation"—a reference to the ANC government’s policies attempting to redress the racial imbalances in national sport. Jake White (born 13 December 1963 in Johannesburg as Jacob Westerduin) is a Rugby union coach and former coach of the South Africa
Rugby World Cup 2007
Grouped in Pool A at the 2007 Rugby World Cup in France, they opened their campaign in Paris with a 59–7 victory over Samoa. The 2007 Rugby World Cup was the sixth Rugby World Cup, a quadrennial international Rugby union world championship inaugurated in 1987. Next up was England at the Stade de France, where the Springboks triumphed 36–-0. The third pool game against Tonga in Lens was more competitive and they narrowly won 30–25. The final pool game against the USA in Montpellier produced a 64–15 win.
Having won all their pool games, they advanced to the quarter finals to defeat Fiji 37–20 before accounting for Argentina 37–13 in the semi-finals. They prevailed 15–6 over England in a try-less final to lift the Webb Ellis Cup for a second time on 20 October 2007. Events 1740 - Maria Theresa takes the throne of Austria. France, Prussia, Bavaria and Saxony Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. The Springboks join Australia as the only other national team to win the trophy twice—reinforcing the southern hemisphere dominance in the tournament with five out of six titles to date.
Apartheid and transformation
Even before the apartheid laws were introduced to South Africa in 1948 the Springboks had been an all white team. The team became a symbol of racial division within South Africa, and following the first open elections in 1994, the ruling African National Congress (ANC) instituted a policy of transformation in South African sport. The African National Congress (ANC has been South Africa 's governing party supported by its Tripartite alliance with the Congress of South African Trade Unions In this context transformation can be defined as "a complete alternation of the appearance or character of South African rugby", and one aim is to transform the Springboks into a team more representative of South Africa's race and class. [77]
South Africa's World Cup winning side of 1995 fielded only one non-white player (Chester Williams). Chester Mornay Williams (born 8 August 1970 in Paarl, Western Province, South Africa) played er for the South African national This continued in the team's biggest matches of the 1999 and 2003 World Cups, and in the 2007 World Cup final the team fielded two non-white players. [78] Despite quota system existing to encourage Super 14 and provincial teams to field non-white players, and the fact that there are more non-white then white rugby players in South Africa,[79] transformation has been slow in the opinion of many. South African Rugby Union president Oregan Hoskins considered the number of non-white players in the 2007 World Cup squad too low,[78] and in 2008 the first non-white coach of the side was appointed. The political pressure on rugby coaches and administrators to select non-white players is strong; 16 of the 35 new Springboks appointed by former coach Jake White were non-white. [78] ANC Minister of Parliament Butana Komphela expressed a view held by many politicians in the country when he said "Sport cannot be excluded from imperatives of empowerment and transformation. "[78]
Strip
South Africa play in green jerseys, white shorts and green socks. Their jersey is embroidered with the SA Rugby logo on the upper left corner and the flag of South Africa on the sleeve and traditionally has a gold collar. List of South African flags The current flag of the Republic of South Africa was adopted on April 27, 1994, during the first free elections The strip is made by Canterbury of New Zealand and their shirt sponsor is South African synfuels and chemicals company Sasol. Canterbury of New Zealand - sometimes referred to as CCC by retailers and rugby fans - is a New Zealand -based sports apparel company that focuses Sasol (originally Afrikaans for Suid-Afrikaanse Steenkool en Olie - South African Coal and Oil is a South African company involved in mining energy chemicals The green jersey was first adopted when the British Isles toured South Africa in 1896. [18] On their first tour to Great Britain and Ireland in 1906–07 the South Africa wore a green jersey with white colour, blue short, and blue socks. A replica strip was worn in 2006 against Ireland in Dublin to mark the centenary of the tour. [80] When Australia first toured South Africa in 1933, the visitors wore sky blue jerseys to avoid confusion, as at the time, both wore dark green strips. In 1953, when Australia toured again, the Springboks wore white jerseys for the test matches. In 1961 Australia changed their jersey to gold to avoid further colour clashes. [81]
The springbok nickname and logo also dates from the 1906–7 tour of Britain. The springbok was chosen to represent the team by tour captain Paul Roos in an attempt to prevent the British press from inventing their own name. The logo was not restricted to the white team alone, the first coloured national team used the springbok in 1939 and the first black team in 1950. [18] After the fall of apartheid in 1992 the a wreath of proteas were added to the logo. When the ANC was elected in 1994 the team's name was not changed to Protea like that of other South African sporting teams only because of the intervention of President Nelson Mandela. Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela (xolíɬaɬa mandéːla born 18 July 1918 is a former President of South Africa, the first to be elected in fully representative [18][82]
Home grounds
The Springboks do not use a national stadium as their home, but play out of a number of venues throughout South Africa. The 60,000 seater Ellis Park Stadium in Johannesburg was the main venue for the 1995 World Cup,[83] where the Springboks defeated the All Blacks in the final. Ellis Park Stadium, known for sponsorship reasons as Coca-Cola Park following a ZAR 450 million ( USD 58 million/ £ 30 million naming rights deal Johannesburg ( Pronounced /jō-hān'ĭs-bûrg'/ is the largest city in South Africa. The 1995 Rugby World Cup was the third Rugby World Cup. It was hosted by South Africa, and had the distinction of being the first Rugby World Cup in which every match Other regular venues for tests include Pretoria's Loftus Versfeld Stadium, the Newlands Stadium in Cape Town, the ABSA Stadium in Durban, Vodacom Park in Bloemfontein, and the EPRFU Stadium in Port Elizabeth. Pretoria is a city located in the northern part of Gauteng Province, South Africa. Loftus Versfeld Stadium is a sports stadium situated in Pretoria, South Africa. Newlands Stadium is located in Cape Town, South Africa. The stadium currently has a capacity of 51900 people and is an all seater venue Cape Town (Kaapstad Xhosa: Ikapa) is the second most populous city in South Africa, forming part of the metropolitan municipality of the Durban (eThekwini is the third most populous city in South Africa, forming part of the EThekwini metropolitan municipality. The Free State Stadium, also known as Vodacom Park, is a stadium in Bloemfontein, South Africa, used Bloemfontein (ˈbluːmfɒnteɪn Afrikaans and Dutch for "spring of Bloem (bloom" EPRFU Stadium, also known by its original name of Boet Erasmus Stadium, is a Stadium in Port Elizabeth, South Africa. [84]
The first ever South African international took place at Port Elizabeth's St George’s Park Cricket Ground in 1891. St George’s Park Cricket Ground or Crusaders Ground or simply Crusaders in Port Elizabeth, South Africa is the home of Port Elizabeth Cricket [85] Ellis Park was built in 1928, and in 1955 hosted a record 100,000 people in a Test between South Africa and the British Lions. [83]
The Springboks are said to have a notable advantage over touring sides when playing at high altitude on the Highveld. Altitude is the Elevation of a point or object from a known level or datum (plural data The Highveld is a high Plateau region of South Africa which is largely home to the largest metropolitan area in the country the Gauteng City Region [86] Games at Ellis Park or Loftus Versfeld are said to present physical problems,[87][88] and to influence a match in a number of other ways, such as the ball travelling further when kicked. [89] Experts disagree on whether touring team's traditionally poor performances at altitude are more due to a state of mind rather than an actual physical challenge. [88]
Records
Tri Nations
South Africa's only annual tournament is the Tri-Nations competed with Australia and New Zealand. The Tri Nations is an annual international Rugby union series held between the national teams of Australia (the Wallabies) New Zealand (the South Africa have won the tournament twice; in 1998 and 2004. The 1998 Tri Nations Series was contested from July 11 to August 22 between the Australia, New Zealand and South Africa The 2004 Tri Nations Series, an annual Rugby union competition between the national teams of Australia, New Zealand and South Africa South Africa also contest the Mandela Challenge Plate with Australia, and the Freedom Cup with New Zealand as part of the Tri-Nations. The Nelson Mandela Challenge Plate is a Rugby union trophy contested between Australia and South Africa. The Freedom Cup is a minor international Rugby union trophy contested between South Africa and New Zealand, during the Tri-nations tournament
| Nation | Games | Points | Bonus points | Table points | Championships | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| played | won | drawn | lost | for | against | difference | ||||
 New Zealand | 50 | 35 | 0 | 15 | 1364 | 983 | +381 | 23 | 163 | 8 |
 Australia | 50 | 20 | 1 | 29 | 1055 | 1140 | -95 | 25 | 107 | 2 |
| South Africa | 50 | 19 | 1 | 30 | 1006 | 1292 | -286 | 17 | 95 | 2 |
World Cup
South Africa did not participate in the 1987 and 1991 World Cups because of the sporting boycott of them due to apartheid. The All Blacks are New Zealand's national team in Rugby union, the country's National sport. The Australian national rugby union team is the representative side of Australia in Rugby union. Events 356 BC - Herostratus sets fire to the Temple of Artemis in Ephesus, one of the Seven Wonders of the World Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. The First Rugby World Cup was hosted by New Zealand and Australia in 1987 and was won by New Zealand. The 1991 Rugby World Cup was jointly hosted by England, Ireland, Scotland, Wales and France. South Africa's introduction to the event was as hosts. They defeated defending champions Australia 27–18 in the opening match, and went on to defeat the All Blacks 15–12 after extra time in the 1995 Rugby World Cup Final, with a drop goal from 40 metres by Joel Stransky. Joel Theodore Stransky (born 16 July 1967) is a former South African Rugby union footballer most notable for scoring the winning drop goal [90] In 1999 South Africa suffered their first ever World Cup loss when they were defeated 21–27 by Australia in their semi-final; they went on to defeat the All Blacks 22–18 in the third-fourth play-off match. The 1999 Rugby World Cup was the fourth Rugby World Cup and the first to be held in Rugby union 's professional era. [91] The worst ever South African performance at a World Cup was in 2003 when they lost a pool game to England, and then were knocked out of the tournament by the All Blacks in their quarter-final. [92] In 2007 the Springboks defeated Fiji in the quarter-finals and Argentina in the semi-finals. The 2007 Rugby World Cup was the sixth Rugby World Cup, a quadrennial international Rugby union world championship inaugurated in 1987. They then defeated England in the final 15–6 to win the tournament for a second time. The 2007 Rugby World Cup Final was a Rugby union match played on Saturday 20 October 2007 at the Stade de France, Saint-Denis
Overall
South Africa are currently ranked number one in the world rankings When the ranking system was introduced in October 2003 South Africa were ranked sixth. Uses of the rankings The rankings are used by the IRB to rank the progression and current ability of the national rugby union teams of its member nations but the data They rose to fifth in November that year before falling back to sixth in March 2004. After rising back to fifth in June 2004, they rose to fourth in December that year. They rose to third, then second in 2005. They fell from that high of second to third in July 2006, and were ranked fourth by December 2006. Between then and May 2007 they have fluctuated between fourth and fifth, before settling at fourth by September 2007. They then gained top spot after winning the 2007 Rugby World Cup. The 2007 Rugby World Cup was the sixth Rugby World Cup, a quadrennial international Rugby union world championship inaugurated in 1987. [93]
Their Test record against all nations:[94]
| Against | Played | Won | Lost | Drawn | % Won |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Argentina | 12 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 100% |
| Australia | 62 | 37 | 24 | 1 | 59. The Argentina national rugby team, nicknamed Los Pumas, represents Argentina in international Rugby union matches The Australian national rugby union team is the representative side of Australia in Rugby union. 7% |
 Canada | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 100% |
| England | 30 | 17 | 12 | 1 | 56. For the Canadian Rugby league team see Canada national rugby league team. The England national rugby union team represents England in Rugby union. 7% |
 Fiji | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 100% |
 France | 36 | 20 | 10 | 6 | 55. The Fiji National rugby union team is one of the strongest national rugby union teams of the world and the third from Oceania, even still as a second tier nation The France national rugby union team represents France in Rugby union. 6% |
 Georgia | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 100% |
 Ireland | 18 | 14 | 3 | 1 | 77. The Georgia national rugby union team represents the former Soviet Caucasian republic of Georgia in Rugby union. The Ireland rugby union team represents the island of Ireland in Rugby union, which is a popular sport throughout both the Republic of Ireland and 8% |
 Italy | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 100% |
 British and Irish Lions | 43 | 21 | 16 | 6 | 48. For the rugby sevens side see Italian national rugby union team (sevens The Italy national rugby union team represent the nation of The British and Irish Lions (until 2001 known as the British Isles Rugby Union Team or "British Lions" Rugby union side comprises a pick of the best players from 8% |
 Namibia | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 100% |
| New Zealand | 72 | 29 | 40 | 3 | 40. The Namibian rugby union team, nicknamed the Welwitschias or Biltongboere, represents Namibia at Rugby union. The All Blacks are New Zealand's national team in Rugby union, the country's National sport. 3% |
 Pacific Islanders | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 100% |
 Romania | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 100% |
 Samoa | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 100% |
 Scotland | 19 | 15 | 4 | 0 | 79% |
| South American Jaguars | 8 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 87. The Pacific Islanders rugby union team (usually known as just Pacific Islanders) are an international Rugby union team started in 2004 that represents Fiji The Romania national rugby union team, nicknamed The Oaks ( Stejarii) have long been one of the stronger European teams outside of the Six Nations The national Rugby union team of Samoa is called Manu Samoa (the name of a famous Samoan chief some 10 generations ago The Scotland national rugby union team represent Scotland in international Rugby union. The South American Jaguars was an international Rugby union team consisting of South American players that played during the early 1980s against the South African 5% |
 Spain | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 100% |
 Tonga | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 100% |
 United States | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 100% |
| Uruguay | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 100% |
 Wales | 21 | 19 | 1 | 1 | 90% |
| Total | 356 | 224 | 113 | 19 | 63% |
Players
Current squad
South Africa's squad for the 2008 mid-year rugby test series. The Spain national rugby union team are a national sporting side of Spain, representing them at Rugby union. The Tonga national rugby union team is nicknamed Ikale Tahi (Sea Eagles. For the American Rugby league team see United States national rugby league team. Uruguay has played in the 1999 and 2003 Rugby World Cups They have been playing international rugby since the late 1940s The Wales national rugby union team represent Wales in international Since 1906 South Africa and Wales have competed against each other in Rugby union. The 2008 mid-year rugby Test series (also known as the Summer Tours in the Northern Hemisphere) refers to the Rugby union Internationals played from [95]
Individual records
South Africa's most capped player is Percy Montgomery with 95 caps. Percival Colin "Percy" Montgomery (born 15 March 1974 in Walvis Bay, South Africa, now Namibia) is a South African Montgomery also holds the South African record for Test points, having scored 878 points, which is joint sixth-highest in international rugby. This is a list of the leading scorers in Rugby union Test matches. [96] The most points Montgomery ever scored in a single international was 35 against Namibia in 2007—this is also a South African record. The Namibian rugby union team, nicknamed the Welwitschias or Biltongboere, represents Namibia at Rugby union.
South Africa's most capped captain is John Smit, who has captained South Africa in 50 of his 76 Tests. John William Smit (born 3 April 1978 in Pietersburg, South Africa) is the 50th and current captain of the South African national Rugby union Smit also played 46 consecutive matches for South Africa, which is a record. The record try scorer is Joost van der Westhuizen who scored 38 tries in his 89 appearances. Joost van der Westhuizen (born 20 February 1971 is a former South African Rugby union footballer who was the Springboks' first choice in the mid-to-late 1990s Prop Os du Randt, who retired in 2007, has the record for appearances of a forward with 80. A Rugby union team is made up of 15 players eight forwards numbered from 1 to 8 and seven backs numbered from 9 to 15 Jacobus Petrus du Randt, better known as Os du Randt (born 8 September 1972 in Elliot South Africa) is a former South African [96]
Notable players
Nine former South African internationals have been inducted into the International Rugby Hall of Fame. The International Rugby Hall of Fame (IRHOF is a Hall of fame for Rugby union. One of those, Danie Craven, has also been inducted into the IRB Hall of Fame. Daniël Hartman Craven (11 October 1910 Lindley Free State, South Africa died 4 January 1993 Stellenbosch, South Africa more famously known as Danie Craven The IRB Hall of Fame is a Hall of fame operated by the International Rugby Board (IRB that recognises special achievement and contribution to the sport of Rugby
Bennie Osler played 17 consecutive Tests between 1924 and 1933. Playing at fly-half, his first Test was against the touring British team in 1924. A Rugby union team is made up of 15 players eight forwards numbered from 1 to 8 and seven backs numbered from 9 to 15 He also played in the series against the All Blacks in 1928, but most notably captained the Springboks on their Grand Slam tour of 1931–32 when they defeated all four Home Nations. "Home nation" (common noun redirects here home nation is also used to refer to the host country of Multi-sport events (eg [97] His last Tests were the five played against Australia when they toured to South Africa in 1933. [98]
Making his Test debut in Olser's Grand Slam winning team in 1931 was scrum-half Danie Craven. A Rugby union team is made up of 15 players eight forwards numbered from 1 to 8 and seven backs numbered from 9 to 15 Craven played several positions including fly-half, scrum-half, centre and even number eight. A Rugby union team is made up of 15 players eight forwards numbered from 1 to 8 and seven backs numbered from 9 to 15 A Rugby union team is made up of 15 players eight forwards numbered from 1 to 8 and seven backs numbered from 9 to 15 [99] However Craven was most famous for popularising the dive pass. [100] As well as winning a Grand Slam with Osler's team, Craven toured with 1937 Springboks to New Zealand where they achieved their first ever series victory over New Zealand. [101] His last act as player was captaining South Africa in a Test series against the Lions. [99] Craven's involvement with the Springboks continued after his playing retirement, and he coached them to a 4–0 series win over the touring All Blacks in 1949. [45] He was elected President of the South African Rugby Board in 1956, a position he held until the post-apartheid South African Rugby Union was formed in 1991. Craven was instrumental in the formation of the South African Rugby Union and became its first Executive President. [101] Such was Craven's influence in South African rugby he became known as "Mr Rugby", and was in the second class of inductees into the IRB Hall of Fame; behind Rugby School and William Webb Ellis. Rugby School, located in the town of Rugby, Warwickshire, is a Co-educational Boarding school and one of the oldest public schools William Webb Ellis (24 November 1806 &ndash 24 January 1872 was a English Anglican Clergyman. [101]
The man most credited with inventing modern number 8 play was Hennie Muller. Hendrik "Hennie" Scholtz Vosloo Muller (born 26 March 1922 in Witbank) is a former South African Rugby union footballer [102] He played 13 Tests between 1949 and 1953, and in the process won a 4–0 series victory over the All Blacks and a Grand Slam tour of Britain and Ireland. [103] He was nicknamed Windhond (greyhound) due to his speed around the field. [102] When writing about the 1949 series against the All Blacks, Harding and Williams wrote: "(Okey) Geffin won the series, perhaps, but Muller made it possible. "[47] Of Muller's 13 Tests, he only lost one—against Australia in 1953. [103]
Named South Africa's player of the 20th Century in 2000, Frik du Preez played 38 Tests between 1961 and 1971. Frik du Preez (born Frederick Christoffel Hendrik du Preez on 28 November 1935 is a former Northern Transvaal and Springboks Rugby union player [104] Du Preez could play both flanker or lock and was one of the most dominant forwards of the 1960s,[104] but was especially well known for his all round skills. Flanker is one of fifteen positions in the sport of Rugby union. A Rugby union team is made up of 15 players eight forwards numbered from 1 to 8 and seven backs numbered from 9 to 15 [105] Danie Craven said of du Preez, "To my mind he could have played any position on a rugby field with equal brilliance. "[104]
Morne du Plessis played 22 Test for South Africa between 1971 and 1980. Morne du Plessis (born 21 October 1949 in Krugersdorp, Transvaal Province, now Gauteng) is a former South African Rugby union player [106] His debut was at Number 8 in South Africa's series win over Australia in 1971. He went on to captain South Africa and became the only father son pair to captain South Africa—his father had captained South Africa in 1949. [107] He led South Africa to a 3–1 series win over the All Blacks in 1976 and a series win over the British Lions in 1980 by the same margin. [108]
Both International Hall of Fame inductees Naas Botha and Danie Gerber had careers interrupted by South Africa's sporting isolation in the 1980s and early 1990s. Hendrik Egnatius Botha, commonly known as Naas Botha (born 27 February 1958 is a Northern Transvaal and Springboks former Rugby union player Danie Gerber (born 14 April 1958 in Port Elizabeth, South Africa is a former South African Rugby union player who played for South Africa between 1980 Botha made his Test debut against the South American Jaguars in 1980. Playing at fly-half, Botha played 28 Tests and scored 312 Test points before his international retirement in 1992. [109] Botha contributed significantly to the Springboks 1980 series win over the Lions, and also played for the World XV in the IRB Centenary Match at Twickenham. Twickenham Stadium (usually known as just Twickenham or Twickers) is a Stadium located in Twickenham, in the London Borough of Richmond [110] Gerber also made his debut in 1980, and scored 19 tries in his 24 Tests before retiring in 1992. [111] He scored a hat-trick against England in 1984, and played alongside Botha in the World XV team in 1986. In South Africa's first Test since the fall of apartheid against the All Blacks in 1992 he scored twice. [112]
Two players that straddled the amateur and professional eras were Francois Pienaar and Joost van der Westhuizen. Jacobus Francois Pienaar (born 2 January 1967 in Vereeniging, South Africa captained and played for the South African Springboks national Rugby union Joost van der Westhuizen (born 20 February 1971 is a former South African Rugby union footballer who was the Springboks' first choice in the mid-to-late 1990s Both first played for the Springboks in 1993. Pienaar was named captain in his first Test against France, and went on to captain the side to the 1995 World Cup. [113] It was there he captained South Africa to the World Cup title, and received the trophy from Nelson Mandela who was wearing his number 6 jersey. Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela (xolíɬaɬa mandéːla born 18 July 1918 is a former President of South Africa, the first to be elected in fully representative [114] Nelson Mandela later wrote "It was under Francois Pienaar's inspiring leadership that rugby became the pride of the entire county. Francois brought the nation together. "[113] Joost van der Westhuizen also participated in the 1995 World cup victory, but went on to play in two more World Cups. Playing at scrum-half, van der Westhuizen played 89 Tests for South Africa and scored 38 tries. [115] At the time of his retirement following the 2003 World Cup he was South Africa's leading try scorer and most capped player. [116]
Coaches
The role and definition of the South Africa coach has varied significantly over the team's history. Hence a comprehensive list of coaches, or head selectors, is impossible. The following table is a list of coaches since the 1949 All Blacks tour to South Africa:
| Name | Tenure |
|---|---|
| Danie Craven | 1949–1956[117] |
| Basil Kenyon | 1958[118] |
| Hennie Muller | 1960–1961, 1963, 1965[119] |
| Boy Louw | 1960–1961, 1965[120] |
| Izak van Heerden | 1962[121] |
| Felix du Plessis | 1964[122] |
| Ian Kirkpatrick | 1967, 1974[123] |
| Avril Malan | 1969–1970[124] |
| Johan Claassen | 1964, 1970–1974[125] |
| Nelie Smith | 1980–1981[126] |
| Cecil Moss | 1982–1989[127] |
| John Williams | 1992[128] |
| Ian McIntosh | 1993–1994[129] |
| Kitch Christie | 1994–1996[130] |
| Andre Markgraaff | 1996[131] |
| Carel du Plessis | 1997[132] |
| Nick Mallett | 1997–2000[133] |
| Harry Viljoen | 2000–2002[134] |
| Rudolph Straeuli | 2002–2003[135] |
| Jake White | 2004–2007[136] |
| Peter de Villiers | 2008–present[137] |
See also
- South Africa national sevens team
- Rugby union in South Africa
- South Africa vs Ireland
- South Africa vs Wales
- All Blacks vs Springboks
- South African rugby union captains
References
Bibliography
- Allen, Dean (2003). Daniël Hartman Craven (11 October 1910 Lindley Free State, South Africa died 4 January 1993 Stellenbosch, South Africa more famously known as Danie Craven Hendrik "Hennie" Scholtz Vosloo Muller (born 26 March 1922 in Witbank) is a former South African Rugby union footballer Ian McIntosh is a Rhodesian South African Rugby union coach He served as head coach for the side during the early 90s George Moir Christie, better known as Kitch Christie (31 January 1940 – 22 April 1998 was a South African Rugby union coach best known for coaching the Andries Thomas Markgraaff better known as Andre was strongly tipped as a future Springbok captain in the early 1980s but due to a lack of international competition he was denied Nicholas Vivian Howard Mallett (born 30 October 1956) is a South African Rugby union coach and former player who is currently the head coach of Rudolph August Wilkens Straeuli (born 20 August 1963 in Pretoria, South Africa) played Rugby union in the positions of flanker Jake White (born 13 December 1963 in Johannesburg as Jacob Westerduin) is a Rugby union coach and former coach of the South Africa Peter de Villiers (born 3 June 1957) is a South African Rugby union coach. The South African national rugby union sevens team compete in the World Sevens Series, the Rugby World Cup Sevens and the Commonwealth Games Rugby union along with cricket and football are the three most popular ball sports in South Africa. The '''Ireland''' and '''South Africa''' rugby union teams have a rivalry dating back to 1906 Since 1906 South Africa and Wales have competed against each other in Rugby union. The All Blacks ( New Zealand) and the Springboks ( South Africa) have been playing Test match Rugby union since "Beating them at their own game: rugby, the Anglo-Boer War and Afrikaner nationalism, 1899-1948". 172–189. University of Ulster
- Allen, Dean (2007). "Tours of Reconciliation: Rugby, War and Reconstruction in South Africa, 1891-1907". 37–57. Stellenbosch University
- Bolligelo, Alana (2006-11-06). Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 355 - Roman Emperor Constantius II promotes his cousin Julian to the rank of Caesar, entrusting him with "Tracing the development of professionalism in South African Rugby: 1995–2004". . Stellenbosch University Retrieved on 2008-04-13. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1111 - Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor. 1204 - The Fourth Crusade sacks Constantinople
- Dine, Philip (2001). French Rugby Football - Cultural History. Berg. ISBN 1859733271.
- Farquharson, Karen; Marjoribanks, Timothy (2003). "Transforming the Springboks: Re-imagining the South African Nation through Sport". Social Dynamics 29 (1): 27–48.
- Harding, Grant; Williams, David (2000). The Toughest of Them All: New Zealand and South Africa: The Struggle for Rugby Supremacy. Auckland, New Zealand: Penguin Books. The Auckland metropolitan area or Greater Auckland, in the North Island of New Zealand, is the largest and most populous urban area in the country New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island ISBN 0140295771.
- Howitt, Bob (2005). SANZAR Saga - Ten Years of Super 12 and Tri-Nations Rugby. Harper Collins Publishers. ISBN 1-86950-566-2.
- McLean, Terry (1987). New Zealand Rugby Legends. Moa Publications. ISBN 0908570155.
- Nauright, John (1997). Sport, Cultures, and Identities in South Africa. Continuum International Publishing Group. ISBN 0718500725.
- Palenski, Ron (2003). Century in Black - 100 Years of All Black Test Rugby. Hodder Moa Beckett Publishers Limited. ISBN 1-86958-937-8.
- Potter, Alex (1961). The Rise of French Rugby. Wellington: A. H. & A. W. REED.
- Smith, David; Williams, Gareth (1980). Fields of Praise: The Official History of The Welsh Rugby Union. Cardiff: University of Wales Press. ISBN 0-7083-0766-3.
- Van Der Merwe, Floris (1992). "Sport and games in Boer prisoner-of-war camps during the Anglo-Boer war, 1899-1902". 439–454. University of Stellenbosch
Notes
- ^ South African Rugby Union (2008-02-20). 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1472 - Orkney and Shetland are left by Norway to Scotland, due to a Dowry payment "John Smit to Captain Springboks". Press release. A news release, media release, press release or press statement is a written or recorded Communication directed at members of the News Retrieved on 2008-02-25. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 138 - The Emperor Hadrian adopts Antoninus Pius, effectively making him his successor
- ^ a b c d e f Davies, Sean. "Mighty Boks: South African rugby", bbc. co. uk, 2006-09-28. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 48 BC - Pompey the Great is assassinated on orders of King Ptolemy of Egypt after landing in Egypt. Retrieved on 2007-10-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1138 - A massive earthquake struck Aleppo, Syria. 1531 - Huldrych Zwingli is killed
- ^ Allen (2003), pg 48.
- ^ Philatelic Stories » Green Point. philatelicfriends. co. za. Retrieved on 2008-04-15. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1450 - Battle of Formigny: Toward the end of the Hundred Years' War, the French attack and nearly annihilate English
- ^ a b Origins of the Game. sarugby. co. za. Retrieved on 2008-04-15. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1450 - Battle of Formigny: Toward the end of the Hundred Years' War, the French attack and nearly annihilate English
- ^ Babrow, Louis (2007-04-17). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 69 - After the First Battle of Bedriacum, Vitellius becomes Roman Emperor. "Club History". uctrfc. co. za. Retrieved on 2008-04-15. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1450 - Battle of Formigny: Toward the end of the Hundred Years' War, the French attack and nearly annihilate English
- ^ National Unions. rugbyfootballhistory. com. Retrieved on 2008-04-17. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 69 - After the First Battle of Bedriacum, Vitellius becomes Roman Emperor.
- ^ a b "Currie Cup: The History", planet-rugby. com, 2001-08-21. Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Events 1192 - Minamoto Yoritomo becomes Seii Tai Shōgun and the De facto ruler of Japan. Retrieved on 2008-04-17. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 69 - After the First Battle of Bedriacum, Vitellius becomes Roman Emperor.
- ^ 1891 South Africa. lionsrugby. com. Retrieved on 2008-04-19. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1012 - Martyrdom of Alphege in Greenwich London. 1529 - At the Second Diet of Speyer
- ^ TOUR: 1891 South Africa. Lionsrugby. com. Retrieved on 2008-04-26. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1467 - The miraculous image in Our Lady of Good Counsel appear in Genazzano, Italy.
- ^ 1896 – South Africa. lionsrugby. com. Retrieved on 2008-04-26. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1467 - The miraculous image in Our Lady of Good Counsel appear in Genazzano, Italy.
- ^ Allen (2007), pg 174.
- ^ Nauright (1997), pg 40.
- ^ Van Der Merwe (1992).
- ^ Allen (2007), pg 177.
- ^ 1903 – South Africa. lionsrugby. com. Retrieved on 2008-04-26. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1467 - The miraculous image in Our Lady of Good Counsel appear in Genazzano, Italy.
- ^ Allen (2007), pg 182.
- ^ a b c d Evans, Ian. "Symbol of unity: the Springbok vs the Protea", independent. co. uk, 2008-01-16. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 27 BC - The title Augustus is bestowed upon Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian by the Roman Senate. Retrieved on 2008-02-12. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1429 - English Forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the army besieging Orleans from attack by the
- ^ Eberl, Nikolaus. "Bafana Bafana need to put a sting in their tale", businessday. co. za, 2007-10-30. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 637 - Antioch surrenders to the Muslim forces under Rashidun Caliphate after the Battle of Iron bridge. Retrieved on 2008-04-26. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1467 - The miraculous image in Our Lady of Good Counsel appear in Genazzano, Italy.
- ^ Thomsen, Ian. "World Champions Face Next Test: Springboks Blossom, Flowers of a New Land", International Herald Tribune, 1995-11-14. Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 Events 1533 - Conquistadors from Spain under the leadership of Francisco Pizarro arrive in Cajamarca, Inca Retrieved on 2008-04-26. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1467 - The miraculous image in Our Lady of Good Counsel appear in Genazzano, Italy.
- ^ Allen (2007), pg 183.
- ^ Springboks in Paris 1907-2007... part II. rugby-pioneers. blogs. com (2007-10-26). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 740 - An Earthquake strikes Constantinople, causing much damage and death Retrieved on 2008-04-26. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1467 - The miraculous image in Our Lady of Good Counsel appear in Genazzano, Italy.
- ^ "Africanders Contre Francois", Sports Universel Illustrés, January 1907. Retrieved on 2008-04-26. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1467 - The miraculous image in Our Lady of Good Counsel appear in Genazzano, Italy. (French)
- ^ 1910 - South Africa. lionsrugby. com. Retrieved on 2008-04-26. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1467 - The miraculous image in Our Lady of Good Counsel appear in Genazzano, Italy.
- ^ a b Standley, James. "History favours Springbok slam", bbc. co. uk, 2004-11-04. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 1333 - Flood of the Arno River, causing massive damage in Florence as recorded by the Florentine chronicler Giovanni Villani Retrieved on 2008-04-26. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1467 - The miraculous image in Our Lady of Good Counsel appear in Genazzano, Italy.
- ^ The All Blacks had first played Test rugby in 1903, and toured the British Isles in 1905. The All Blacks are New Zealand's national team in Rugby union, the country's National sport. By 1921 they had won 19 Tests, drawn two and lost three.
- ^ Harding (2000) pg 16.
- ^ Zavos, Spiro. "The Passion That Keeps An Old Rivalry Burning", Sydney Morning Herald, 1997-08-09, p. Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar Events 48 BC - Caesar's civil war: Battle of Pharsalus - Julius Caesar decisively defeats Pompey at Pharsalus 52.
- ^ a b Harding (2000), pg 18.
- ^ Harding (2000), pg 20–21.
- ^ Davies, Sean. "Early history of the Lions", bbc. co. uk, 2005-05-18. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1152 - Henry II of England marries Eleanor of Aquitaine. Retrieved on 2008-04-30. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 313 - Roman emperor Licinius unifies the entire Eastern Roman Empire under his rule
- ^ 1924 - South Africa. lionsrugby. com. Retrieved on 2008-02-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 842 - Charles the Bald and Louis the German swear the Oaths of Strasbourg in the French and German
- ^ They were known as 'British Isles Rugby Union Team'—an official name that stayed with them into the 1950s.
- ^ "The Lions History - Part 1", planet-rugby. com, 2001-05-24. Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Events 1218 - The Fifth Crusade leaves Acre for Egypt. 1276 - Magnus Ladulås is crowned Retrieved on 2008-04-30. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 313 - Roman emperor Licinius unifies the entire Eastern Roman Empire under his rule
- ^ Harding (2000), pg 23.
- ^ Harding (2000), pg 25.
- ^ a b Harding (2000), pg 28.
- ^ McLean (1987), pg 162.
- ^ a b "Six Grand Slam successes", tvnz. co. nz, 2005-11-24. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 380 - Theodosius I makes his adventus, or formal Retrieved on 2008-05-02. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1194 - King Richard I of England gives Portsmouth its first Royal Charter.
- ^ Massie, Allan (2003-01-27). Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 98 - Trajan becomes Roman Emperor after the death of Nerva. Rugby's great leap forward. scotsman. com. Retrieved on 2008-05-02. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1194 - King Richard I of England gives Portsmouth its first Royal Charter.
- ^ Dragons & Springboks: The first 100 years. wru. co. uk. Retrieved on 2008-05-02. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1194 - King Richard I of England gives Portsmouth its first Royal Charter.
- ^ THE 1956 SPRINGBOK TOUR. rugbymuseum. co. nz. Retrieved on 2008-04-27. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1124 - David I becomes King of Scotland. 1296 - Battle of Dunbar: The Scots are defeated
- ^ a b McLean (1987), pg 194.
- ^ 1938 - South Africa. lionsrugby. com. Retrieved on 2008-02-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 842 - Charles the Bald and Louis the German swear the Oaths of Strasbourg in the French and German
- ^ a b Harding (2000), pg 42.
- ^ Harding (2000), pg 46.
- ^ a b Harding (2000), pg 50.
- ^ Under the modern scoring system it would have been a 62–0 defeat.
- ^ Massie, Allan. "The Battling Years", 2003-01-28. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1077 - Walk to Canossa: The Excommunication of Henry IV Holy Roman Emperor is lifted Retrieved on 2008-05-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1264 - Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured in France making Simon de Montfort the
- ^ Hewitt, Chris. "The All Blacks: 100 years of attitude", independent. co. uk, 2005-11-03. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 644 - Umar ibn al-Khattab, the second Muslim Caliph, is killed by a Persian slave in Medina. Retrieved on 2008-04-27. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1124 - David I becomes King of Scotland. 1296 - Battle of Dunbar: The Scots are defeated
- ^ a b Don Clarke. allblacks. com. Retrieved on 2008-05-18. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1152 - Henry II of England marries Eleanor of Aquitaine.
- ^ a b Potter (1961), pg 83.
- ^ Potter (1961), pg 84.
- ^ Potter (1961), pg 85.
- ^ Potter (1961), pg 91.
- ^ Potter (1961), pg 106.
- ^ Jimmy Mill. allblacks. com. Retrieved on 1008-05-18. Events 1152 - Henry II of England marries Eleanor of Aquitaine.
- ^ Harding (2000), pg 31.
- ^ Ranji Wilson. allblacks. com. Retrieved on 1008-05-18. Events 1152 - Henry II of England marries Eleanor of Aquitaine.
- ^ Harding (2000), pg 73.
- ^ 'No Maoris - No Tour' poster, 1960. Ministry for Culture and Heritage (2007-09-10). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 506 - The Bishops of Visigothic Gaul meet in the Council of Agde. Retrieved on 2008-05-18. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1152 - Henry II of England marries Eleanor of Aquitaine.
- ^ Harding (2000), pg 65.
- ^ Harding (2000), pg 67.
- ^ a b Harding (2000), pg 69.
- ^ Harding (2000), pg 70.
- ^ Harding (2000), pg 71.
- ^ Harding (2000), pg 72.
- ^ a b Smith (1980), pg 368.
- ^ Rugby Chronology. rfu. com. Retrieved on 2007-08-28. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 475 - The Roman General Orestes forces western Roman Emperor Julius Nepos to flee his Capital
- ^ Stopping the 1973 tour. (Ministry for Culture and Heritage (2007-05-13). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1497 - Pope Alexander VI excommunicates Girolamo Savonarola. Retrieved on 2008-05-18. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1152 - Henry II of England marries Eleanor of Aquitaine.
- ^ Doyle, Paul (2007-10-06). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 105 BC - Battle of Arausio: The Cimbri inflict the heaviest defeat on the Roman army of Gnaeus Mallius Maximus Small Talk: JPR Williams. guardian. co. uk. Retrieved on 2008-05-18. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1152 - Henry II of England marries Eleanor of Aquitaine.
- ^ Cavaliers rugby tour, 1986. Ministry for Culture and Heritage (2007-10-23). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 4004 BC - Creation of the world begins according to the calculations of Archbishop James Ussher 42 BC - Retrieved on 2008-05-18. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1152 - Henry II of England marries Eleanor of Aquitaine.
- ^ OSM's sporting plaque. The Observer. The Observer is a British Newspaper published on Sundays In about the same place on the political spectrum as its daily sister paper The Retrieved on 2006-08-06. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1538 - Bogotá, Colombia, is founded by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada.
- ^ Suzie never existed. Rugby Heaven. Retrieved on 2006-08-06. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1538 - Bogotá, Colombia, is founded by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada.
- ^ a b Palenski (2003), pg 206.
- ^ Krige in the spotlight. BBC Sport. Retrieved on 2006-08-06. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1538 - Bogotá, Colombia, is founded by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada.
- ^ Bolligelo (2006), pg 40.
- ^ a b c d Colquhoun, Andy. "Springboks keep up search for the right blend of colour coordination", The Observer, 2007-10-21. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1512 - Martin Luther joins the theological faculty of the University of Wittenberg. Retrieved on 2008-04-13. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1111 - Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor. 1204 - The Fourth Crusade sacks Constantinople
- ^ Berger, Sebastien. "Black and white reality of South African rugby", telegraph. co. uk, 2007-10-21. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1512 - Martin Luther joins the theological faculty of the University of Wittenberg. Retrieved on 2008-04-13. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1111 - Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor. 1204 - The Fourth Crusade sacks Constantinople
- ^ Boks to wear original strip against Irish. IOL. Retrieved on 2006-11-05. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1499 - Publication of the Catholicon in Treguier ( Brittany)
- ^ History of the ARU. Australian Rugby Union. The Australian Rugby Union (ARU is the governing body of Rugby union in Australia. Retrieved on 2006-08-06. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1538 - Bogotá, Colombia, is founded by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada.
- ^ Nicoll, Ruaridh. "Strains show as nation cheers on the Boks", guardian. co. uk, 2007-10-21. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1512 - Martin Luther joins the theological faculty of the University of Wittenberg. Retrieved on 2008-02-12. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1429 - English Forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the army besieging Orleans from attack by the
- ^ a b The History of Ellis Park. eliispark. co. za. Retrieved on 2008-02-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 842 - Charles the Bald and Louis the German swear the Oaths of Strasbourg in the French and German
- ^ Pick and go: Test match results database. lassen. co. nz. Retrieved on 2008-02-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 842 - Charles the Bald and Louis the German swear the Oaths of Strasbourg in the French and German
- ^ St George's Park History. stgeorgespark. nmmu. ac. za. Retrieved on 2008-02-13. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1258 - Baghdad falls to the Mongols, and the Abbasid Caliphate is destroyed
- ^ "Lions tour itinerary leaked", news24. com, 2007-11-20. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 284 - Diocletian was chosen as Roman Emperor. 762 - Bögü Khan of the Uyghurs, Retrieved on 2008-02-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 842 - Charles the Bald and Louis the German swear the Oaths of Strasbourg in the French and German
- ^ "Altitude, Madiba spook Aus", sport. iafrica. com, 2005-07-25. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 285 - Diocletian appoints Maximian as Caesar, co-ruler Retrieved on 2008-02-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 842 - Charles the Bald and Louis the German swear the Oaths of Strasbourg in the French and German
- ^ a b "It's all in the mind games", scrum. com, 2001-07-27. Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Events 1214 - Battle of Bouvines: In France, Philip II of France defeats John of England. Retrieved on 2008-02-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 842 - Charles the Bald and Louis the German swear the Oaths of Strasbourg in the French and German
- ^ Wallabies Focus on Upsetting Springboks. world. rugby. com. au. Retrieved on 2006-08-06. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1538 - Bogotá, Colombia, is founded by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada.
- ^ RWC 1995. rugbyfootballhistory. com. Retrieved on 2007-09-27. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 489 - Odoacer attacks Theodoric at the Battle of Verona and is defeated again
- ^ RWC1999. rugbyfootballhistory. com. Retrieved on 2007-09-27. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 489 - Odoacer attacks Theodoric at the Battle of Verona and is defeated again
- ^ RWC2003. rugbyfootballhistory. com. Retrieved on 2007-09-27. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 489 - Odoacer attacks Theodoric at the Battle of Verona and is defeated again
- ^ Ranking archives can be found at the IRB website; www.irb.com
- ^ South Africa > Head to Head Table. rugbydata. com. Retrieved on 2007-10-08. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 314 - Roman Emperor Licinius is defeated by his colleague Constantine I at the Battle of Cibalae, and loses
- ^ South Africa name four new faces. BBC Sport (2008-05-28). 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 585 BC - A Solar eclipse occurs as predicted by Greek philosopher and scientist Thales, while Alyattes is battling Retrieved on 2008-05-29. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian defeats the Sassanid army in the Battle of Ctesiphon, under the walls of the
- ^ a b International Individual Records. superrugby. co. za (2007-10-22). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 202 BC - Hannibal Barca, leader of the Carthaginians, is defeated by the Roman legions under Scipio Africanus Retrieved on 2007-10-31. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 445 BC – Ezra reads the Book of the Law to the Israelites in Jerusalem (see Nehemiah 91 NLTse
- ^ Bennie Osler. rugbyhalloffame. com. Retrieved on 2007-11-30. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1700 - Battle of Narva — A Swedish army of 8500 men under Charles XII defeats
- ^ Bennie Osler. genslin. us. Retrieved on 2007-11-30. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1700 - Battle of Narva — A Swedish army of 8500 men under Charles XII defeats
- ^ a b Danie Craven. rugbyhalloffame. com. Retrieved on 2007-12-27. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 537 - The Hagia Sophia is completed 1512 - The Spanish Crown issues the Laws of Burgos, governing the
- ^ Harding (2000), pg 35.
- ^ a b c "Huge IRB honour for Craven", rugbyrugby. com, 2007-11-07. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1492 - The Ensisheim Meteorite the oldest Meteorite with a known date of impact strikes the Earth around noon in a Wheat Retrieved on 2007-12-27. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 537 - The Hagia Sophia is completed 1512 - The Spanish Crown issues the Laws of Burgos, governing the
- ^ a b Hennie Muller. rugbyhalloffame. com. Retrieved on 2007-12-28. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1065 - Westminster Abbey is Consecrated. 1308 - The reign of Emperor Hanazono, Emperor of
- ^ a b Llewellyn, Dai. Inducted: England v South Africa (20/11/04) (pdf). rfu. com. Retrieved on 2007-12-28. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1065 - Westminster Abbey is Consecrated. 1308 - The reign of Emperor Hanazono, Emperor of
- ^ a b c Frik Du-Preez - Biography. sporting-heroes. net. Retrieved on 2007-12-28. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1065 - Westminster Abbey is Consecrated. 1308 - The reign of Emperor Hanazono, Emperor of
- ^ Frik du Preez. rugbyhalloffame. com. Retrieved on 2007-12-28. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1065 - Westminster Abbey is Consecrated. 1308 - The reign of Emperor Hanazono, Emperor of
- ^ Morne du Plessis. rugbyhalloffame. com. Retrieved on 2007-12-28. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1065 - Westminster Abbey is Consecrated. 1308 - The reign of Emperor Hanazono, Emperor of
- ^ Morgan, Brad. Rugby: Morne du Plessis. safrica. info. Retrieved on 2007-12-28. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1065 - Westminster Abbey is Consecrated. 1308 - The reign of Emperor Hanazono, Emperor of
- ^ Morne du Plessis (pdf). sporthalloffame. co. za. Retrieved on 2007-12-28. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1065 - Westminster Abbey is Consecrated. 1308 - The reign of Emperor Hanazono, Emperor of
- ^ Naas Botha. rugbyhalloffame. com. Retrieved on 2007-12-28. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1065 - Westminster Abbey is Consecrated. 1308 - The reign of Emperor Hanazono, Emperor of
- ^ Naas Botha - Biography. sporting-heroes. net. Retrieved on 2007-12-28. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1065 - Westminster Abbey is Consecrated. 1308 - The reign of Emperor Hanazono, Emperor of
- ^ Daniel Gerber. rugbyhalloffame. com. Retrieved on 2007-12-28. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1065 - Westminster Abbey is Consecrated. 1308 - The reign of Emperor Hanazono, Emperor of
- ^ Danie Gerber. sporting-heroes. net. Retrieved on 2007-12-28. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1065 - Westminster Abbey is Consecrated. 1308 - The reign of Emperor Hanazono, Emperor of
- ^ a b Francois Pienaar - Biography. sporting-heroes. net. Retrieved on 2007-12-29. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1170 - Thomas Becket: Thomas Becket Archbishop of Canterbury is assassinated inside Canterbury Cathedral by followers of King Henry II
- ^ Francois Pienaar. rugbyhalloffame. com. Retrieved on 2007-12-29. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1170 - Thomas Becket: Thomas Becket Archbishop of Canterbury is assassinated inside Canterbury Cathedral by followers of King Henry II
- ^ Joost van der Westhuizen. rugbyhalloffame. com. Retrieved on 2007-12-29. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1170 - Thomas Becket: Thomas Becket Archbishop of Canterbury is assassinated inside Canterbury Cathedral by followers of King Henry II
- ^ "Joost van der Westhuizen", bbc. co. uk, 2003-09-24. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 622 - Prophet Muhammad completes his hegira from Mecca to Medina. Retrieved on 2007-12-29. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1170 - Thomas Becket: Thomas Becket Archbishop of Canterbury is assassinated inside Canterbury Cathedral by followers of King Henry II
- ^ Danie Craven. genslin. us/bokke. Retrieved on 2007-12-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 563 - The Byzantine church Hagia Sophia in Constantinople is dedicated for the second time after being destroyed by Earthquakes
- ^ Basil Kenyon. genslin. us/bokke. Retrieved on 2007-12-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 563 - The Byzantine church Hagia Sophia in Constantinople is dedicated for the second time after being destroyed by Earthquakes
- ^ Hennie Muller. genslin. us/bokke. Retrieved on 2007-12-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 563 - The Byzantine church Hagia Sophia in Constantinople is dedicated for the second time after being destroyed by Earthquakes
- ^ Boy Louw. genslin. us/bokke. Retrieved on 2007-12-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 563 - The Byzantine church Hagia Sophia in Constantinople is dedicated for the second time after being destroyed by Earthquakes
- ^ Izak van Heerden. genslin. us/bokke. Retrieved on 2007-12-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 563 - The Byzantine church Hagia Sophia in Constantinople is dedicated for the second time after being destroyed by Earthquakes
- ^ Felix du Plessis. genslin. us/bokke. Retrieved on 2007-12-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 563 - The Byzantine church Hagia Sophia in Constantinople is dedicated for the second time after being destroyed by Earthquakes
- ^ Ian Kirkpatrick. genslin. us/bokke. Retrieved on 2007-12-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 563 - The Byzantine church Hagia Sophia in Constantinople is dedicated for the second time after being destroyed by Earthquakes
- ^ Avril Malan. genslin. us/bokke. Retrieved on 2007-12-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 563 - The Byzantine church Hagia Sophia in Constantinople is dedicated for the second time after being destroyed by Earthquakes
- ^ Johan Claassen. genslin. us/bokke. Retrieved on 2007-12-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 563 - The Byzantine church Hagia Sophia in Constantinople is dedicated for the second time after being destroyed by Earthquakes
- ^ Nelie Smith. genslin. us/bokke. Retrieved on 2007-12-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 563 - The Byzantine church Hagia Sophia in Constantinople is dedicated for the second time after being destroyed by Earthquakes
- ^ Cecil Moss. genslin. us/bokke. Retrieved on 2007-12-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 563 - The Byzantine church Hagia Sophia in Constantinople is dedicated for the second time after being destroyed by Earthquakes
- ^ John Williams. genslin. us/bokke. Retrieved on 2007-12-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 563 - The Byzantine church Hagia Sophia in Constantinople is dedicated for the second time after being destroyed by Earthquakes
- ^ Ian McIntosh. genslin. us/bokke. Retrieved on 2007-12-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 563 - The Byzantine church Hagia Sophia in Constantinople is dedicated for the second time after being destroyed by Earthquakes
- ^ "Rugby world mourns the great Kitch Christie", dispatch. co. za, 1998-04-24. Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar) Events 1479 BC - Thutmose III ascends to the throne of Egypt, although power effectively shifts to Hatshepsut (according to Retrieved on 2007-12-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 563 - The Byzantine church Hagia Sophia in Constantinople is dedicated for the second time after being destroyed by Earthquakes
- ^ Coaching Record - Andre Markgraaff. lassen. co. nz. Retrieved on 2007-12-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 563 - The Byzantine church Hagia Sophia in Constantinople is dedicated for the second time after being destroyed by Earthquakes
- ^ Coaching Record - Carel du Plessis. lassen. co. nz. Retrieved on 2007-12-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 563 - The Byzantine church Hagia Sophia in Constantinople is dedicated for the second time after being destroyed by Earthquakes
- ^ Coaching Record - Nick Mallett. lassen. co. nz. Retrieved on 2007-12-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 563 - The Byzantine church Hagia Sophia in Constantinople is dedicated for the second time after being destroyed by Earthquakes
- ^ Coaching Record - Harry Viljoen. lassen. co. nz. Retrieved on 2007-12-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 563 - The Byzantine church Hagia Sophia in Constantinople is dedicated for the second time after being destroyed by Earthquakes
- ^ Coaching Record - Rudolf Straeuli. lassen. co. nz. Retrieved on 2007-12-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 563 - The Byzantine church Hagia Sophia in Constantinople is dedicated for the second time after being destroyed by Earthquakes
- ^ Coaching Record - Jake White. lassen. co. nz. Retrieved on 2007-12-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 563 - The Byzantine church Hagia Sophia in Constantinople is dedicated for the second time after being destroyed by Earthquakes
- ^ De Villiers named Springbok coach. BBC. co. uk. Retrieved on 2008-01-08. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 871 - Battle of Ashdown - Ethelred of Wessex defeats a Danish invasion army
Sources
- "United Nations, India and the boycott of Apartheid sport". anc. org. za. Accessed August 6, 2006. Events 1538 - Bogotá, Colombia, is founded by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
- "100 years of SA rugby contact with France". planet-rugby. com. Accessed August 6, 2006. Events 1538 - Bogotá, Colombia, is founded by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
- The colours - 1906 - 2006. planet-rugby. com. Accessed November 14, 2006. Events 1533 - Conquistadors from Spain under the leadership of Francisco Pizarro arrive in Cajamarca, Inca Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
- 100 years of South African rugby (part one) - IRB
- 100 years of South African rugby (part two) - IRB
- 100 years of South African rugby (part three) - IRB
External links
- SA Rugby Homepage
- Official Merchandise South African Rugby Online Store
- Official South Africa Rugby Store for North America
- Springbok Rugby Hall of Fame.
- Rugby365 Rugby News Site
- World Cup Preview
- SA Rugby blog SA Rugby blog
- South African Rugby Blog South African Rugby blog
- We Love Rugby Video of South Africa Rugby Union Team
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