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Before/After rehabilitation, now low income housing.
Before/After rehabilitation, now low income housing.

Soundview is one of the best neighborhoods geographically located in the south central section of the borough of the Bronx in New York City. In New York City, a borough is a unique form of government which administers the five fundamental constituent parts that make up the consolidated city The City of New York The neighborhood is part of Bronx Community Board 9. Bronx Community Board 9 is a local government unit of the city of New York, encompassing the neighborhoods of Castle Hill, Parkchester, Its boundaries, starting from the north and moving clockwise are: The Cross-Bronx Expressway to the north, White Plains Road to the east, Lacombe Avenue to the south, and the Bronx River to the west. The Cross Bronx Expressway is a major expressway ( Freeway) in the New York City borough of The Bronx. The Bronx River, approximately 24 miles (38 km long flows through southeast New York in the United States. The Bruckner Expressway bisects the neighborhood along the center and the Bronx River Parkway runs north to south. The Bruckner Expressway is a Freeway in The Bronx. It carries Interstate 278 and Interstate 95 (and formerly Interstate 878) The Bronx River Parkway is a long Parkway in Downstate New York. Soundview Avenue is the primary thoroughfare through Soundview. The local subway is the 6 line, operating along Westchester Avenue. The 6 Lexington Avenue Local is a Rapid transit service of the New York City Subway. Zip codes include 10472 and 10473. The area is patrolled by the 43rd Precinct located at 900 Fteley Avenue. New York City Housing Authority (NYCHA) property in the area is patrolled by P. The New York City Housing Authority (NYCHA provides housing for low and moderate income residents throughout the five boroughs of New York City. S. A. 8 at 2794 Randall Avenue in the Throgs Neck section of the Bronx.

Contents

Demographics

Soundview has a population over 75,000. Almost half the population lives below the poverty line and receives public assistance (AFDC, Home Relief, Supplemental Security Income, and Medicaid). The neighborhood has a high concentration of Puerto Ricans and also contains a significant African American population. Puerto Ricans in the United States (also referred to as the "Puerto Rican Diaspora," " Nuyorican " "Stateside Puerto Ricans" "mainland African Americans or Black Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa The vast majority of households are renter occupied. [1]

Land Use and Terrain

Soundview is dominated by public housing complexes of various types. There are also tenements concentrated near the El on Westchester Avenue and multi-unit semi-detached rowhouses surrounding public housing developments similar to those found in Brownsville and East New York. Brownsville also known as Bville and The hill is a low-income residential neighborhood located in eastern Brooklyn, New York. East New York is a low-income residential neighborhood located in eastern Brooklyn, a borough of New York City. The neighborhood contains one of the highest concentrations of NYCHA projects in the Bronx. The total land area is roughly two square miles. The terrain is low laying and flat.

Low Income Public Housing Projects

  1. 1471 Watson Avenue; one 6-story building.
  2. Boynton Avenue Rehab; three rehabilitated tenement buildings, 3 and 6-stories tall.
  3. Bronxdale Houses; twenty-eight, 7-story buildings.
  4. Bronx River Houses; nine, 14-story buildings.
  5. Bronx River Addition; two buildings, 6 and 14-stories tall.
  6. Clason Point Gardens; forty-six buildings, 2-stories tall.
  7. Monroe Houses; twelve buildings, 8, 14, and 15-stories tall.
  8. Sack Wern Houses; seven buildings, 6-stories tall.
  9. Soundview Houses; thirteen, 7-story buildings.

History

Until the 1940s, the neighborhood was relatively undeveloped. Most of the residential housing had been built near the El on Westchester Avenue and along major streets like Soundview Avenue. In 1941, Clason Point Gardens was the first development constructed by the NYCHA in the Bronx. It is located at the corner of Metcalf and Story Avenues along Soundview Park. Formerly military barracks converted into low income housing, this development is made up of forty-six 2-story multi-unit rowhouses. This development was originally plagued by very high crime, vacancy rates and decay. The NYCHA planned to tear the development down and replace it with highrises like later built surrounding developments. Fortunately the NYCHA later redesigned the grounds which reduced the crime rate somewhat. Included in the improvement plans were new and improved lighting, redesigned pathways and social spaces, and personalization of some of the grounds. [3]

In the 1950s and 1960s along with expressways, many more low income public housing projects were constructed in the area. Public housing is a form of Housing tenure in which the property is owned by a Government authority which may be central or local The Bronx River Houses were built in 1951 on Harrod Avenue and East 174th Street. Nine highrise towers built on a single super block.

The next development to be built in 1954 was the Soundview Houses immediately to the south of the Clason Point Gardens at the corner of Randall and Rosedale Avenues. This development spans two super blocks with 13 seven-story apartment buildings. Due to the developments isolation and demographics the complex quickly fell into decay and crime skyrocketed.

After the Soundview Houses were completed the NYCHA constructed the Bronxdale Houses one block north of the Clason Point Gardens along Bruckner Blvd between Soundview and Thieriot Avenues. This development spans three super blocks for a total of 28 seven-story buildings.

The James Monroe Houses were built to the immediate south of the Bronxdale Houses in 1961. Located at Rosedale and Story Avenues. Two superblocks totaling 12 highrise buildings. Although the blocks selected for these developments were relatively undeveloped older homes had still been either moved or destroyed for construction.

In 1966 two additional highrise buildings were added to the Bronx River Houses under the management name Bronx River Addition.

In 1970 1471 Watson Avenue was built to provide housing to the areas quickly growing low income demographic.

In 1977 the Sack Wern Houses were built in two separate yet close locations in the area on vacant lots. Two buildings were built on Taylor and Lafayette Avenues just south of the James Monroe Houses. Another five buildings were built on Noble and Lafayette Avenues, immediately adjacent to both the Clason Point Gardens and Soundview Houses.

The most recent NYCHA development in the area has been the Boynton Avenue Rehabs located at Boynton and Watson Avenues. These 3 formally abandoned buildings were renovated in 1985 to provide low income housing to the area.

In the 1970s many Mitchell-Lama subsidized public housing towers were built in the area. The Mitchell-Lama Housing Program is a form of housing subsidy in the state of New York. Stevenson Commons, Evergreen Gardens, Boynton and Morrison Lafayette, Carroll Gardens, Leland Houses, and many others.

Like neighboring Hunts Point, Soundview began to fall into decay due to White flight and a growing generational low income population. This flight started as early as the construction of the Clason Point Gardens in the 1940s. However the real flight began to take a hold of the neighborhood after the Bronx River Houses were completed. After a few stable years many more generationally poor families relocated into the development and it began to decay very quickly. As a result the surrounding neighborhood began to see flight. This repeated itself around all the public housing developments in the area. Abandonment was a problem as the flight picked up pace but much of the White population was being quickly replaced by Puerto Ricans and African Americans. So abandonment had not reached the scope it had in neighborhoods further west like Morrisania. Morrisania ( is a low income residential neighborhood geographically located in the southwestern Bronx, New York City.

In the 1960s youth gangs began to spring up across the community. The Black Spades are originally from the Bronxdale Houses. The Black Spades was one of the largest and most violent black street gangs in New York City during the 1970s Eventually they became the dominant street gang in the area controlling every housing project in the neighborhood. The Black Spades soon became one of the most feared gangs in NYC.

In the 1970s heroin took a hold of the neighborhood. Thanks to the local consumer base and expressways the drug trade thrived. The same occurred when crack hit the streets in the mid 1980s. Through much of the crack epidemic, Soundview had one of the top 10 total homicides citywide. Crack houses sprouted up across the area, in both abandoned or occupied homes and apartments. In some cases entire buildings were part of the operation. One such building was "The Hole" located on Watson Avenue. A 6 story abandoned building with a hole on the side of the ground floor exterior facing wall. Drug dealers would use the wall to protect them from drive by shootings. The NYPD attacked this building numerous times throughout the crack epidemic. Each time they managed to finally clear the building, a new drug crew would set up shop soon after. This was just one of the many major crack locations in the neighborhood and one of thousands across the city. During this time the Weed and Seed program was put into place by the federal government to improve the situation in Soundview, nearby Mott Haven, and East New York, Brooklyn. Mott Haven is a Low income neighborhood in the southern tip of The Bronx, New York City. East New York is a low-income residential neighborhood located in eastern Brooklyn, a borough of New York City.

The Soundview Houses have always been a troublesome development since their inception. Many blame this on the fact it is the southernmost development in the community surrounded by many other public housing projects. Therefor it is highly isolated. From this development spawned the Sex Money Murder Bloods (S. Sex Money Murda ( SMM or $MM) is a street gang operating on the East Coast of the United States. The Bloods is one of the street Gangs originally founded in Los Angeles M. M. ) street gang. Quickly spread across the neighborhood and became the dominant force in the area. Controlling every housing project much like the Black Spades before them. When founder Pistol Pete (Peter Rollack) was arrested and charged with multiple counts of homicide the gang affiliated themselves with United Bloods Nation street gang. This gang was notorious for extortion, racketeering, drugs trafficking, and numerous violent crimes. In 1999-2000 the Sex, Money, Murda gang faced a major blow when the NYPD along with the F. B. I. raided the development and arrested key members for various crimes. Still in 2002 Soundview was named the murder capital of NYC. Recently the area was highlighted as the car theft capital of NYC.

Because of the poverty and low income demographic crime is still a problem in the Soundview community as it is in many other sections of the Bronx. Crime has declined versus its peaks during the crack and heroin epidemics but it is still a major concern in the community. Other problems such as poverty, homelessness, drug addiction, gangs, teen pregnancy and many other social issues have seen little to no changes in Soundview and many other low income Bronx neighborhoods. In 2003 the 43rd precinct which covers Soundview was designated additional officers for Operation Impact. Watson Avenue, particularly between Bronx River Avenue and the Bronxdale Houses is one of the most violent open air drug markets in the United States. Surrounded by 4 highways, Watson Avenue and its cross streets are a mega-point for drugs, particularly Heroin, for the New York City suburbs, smaller city dealers and city based addicts.

Social Problems

S.M.M. tags adorn a wall in Soundview.
S. M. M. tags adorn a wall in Soundview.

Many social problems associated with poverty from crime to drug addiction have plagued the area for some time. Despite crime declines versus their peaks during the crack and heroin epidemics violent crime continues to be a serious problem in the community. [4] Soundview has significantly higher drop out rates and incidents of violence in it's schools. [5] Students must pass through metal detectors and swipe ID cards to enter the buildings. Reminiscent a prison environment which many feel encourages bad behavior. Other problems in local schools include low test scores and high truancy rates. Drug addiction is also a serious problem in the community. Due to the lucrative drug trade in the area many addicted reside in the community. Peer pressure among children who come from broken homes contributes to the high rate of usage. Many households in the area are headed by a single mother which contributes to the high poverty rate. [6] Many of whom had their children at a very young age and unfortunately could not provide for their children. Many of the families living in Soundview have been in poverty for generations. The incarceration rate in the area is also very high. [7] Many if not most males in the community have been arrested at some point in their lives. This has a direct correlation to aggressive policing tactics including "sweeps" due to the area's high crime rate. Soundview is home to a significant number of inmates currently held in New York state prison and jail facilities.

Urban Renewal

After a wave of arson ravaged the low income communities of New York City throughout the 1970s, some of the residential structures in Soundview were left seriously damaged or destroyed. The city began to rehabilitate many formally abandoned tenement style apartment buildings and designate them low income housing beginning in the late 1970s. Also many subsidized attached multi-unit townhouses and newly constructed apartment buildings have been or are being built on vacant lots across across the neighborhood.

Education

Public:

Parochial:

Subsections

Abandoned semi-detached multi-unit rowhouse in Soundview.
Abandoned semi-detached multi-unit rowhouse in Soundview.

Bronx River

Bronx River is often included in Soundview. It has a population over 20,000. Its boundaries, starting from the north and moving clockwise are: The Cross-Bronx Expressway to the north, White Plains Road to the east, Westchester Avenue to the south, and the Bronx River to the west. Bronx River includes the Bronx River Houses, Morrison Avenue, and Harrod Avenue.

Soundview-Bruckner

Soundview-Bruckner is often included in Soundview. It has a population under 30,000. Its boundaries, starting from the north and moving clockwise are: Westchester Avenue to the north, White Plains Road to the east, the Bruckner Expressway to the south, and the Bronx River to the west. Soundview-Bruckner includes the Bronxdale Houses.

Soundview

Soundview is the primary area. It has a population over 20,000. Its boundaries, starting from the north and moving clockwise are: the Bruckner Expressway to the north, White Plains Road to the east, Lacombe Avenue to the south, and the Bronx River to the west. Soundview includes Soundview Park as well as multiple low income public housing developments. Over 30% of the population resides in properties managed by the NYCHA which cover almost 50% of the residential area.

Transportation

Facts

Soundview and Hip-Hop

During the 1970s, the Bronxdale Houses were considered to be one of the roughest housing projects in New York City. The notorious Black Spades, which was the largest gang in New York City from 1968 until the late 1970s was born and headquartered out of the Bronxdale Houses. The Black Spades would go on to play a key part in the spreading of Hip-Hop music all over New York City. One of the members of the Black Spades from the Bronx River Houses, Afrika Bambatta created a spin off group called the Organization which later turned into the Universal Zulu Nation, the first and largest Hip-Hop organization in the world. It was in the Bronx River Houses Community center where the 4 elements of Hip-Hop were unified to create one culture. Until the late 1990s the Bronx River Houses served as the worldwide ground zero for Hip-Hop culture. In the mid-1990' the Giuliani administration used the NYPD to drive the Zulu Nation out of the Bronx River Houses after defining them as a gang. The Bronx River Houses were the first housing projects in the country to put under 24 hour police watch and have their common areas redesigned so that the entire housing project would be watched by cameras. Famous Hip-Hop musicians from the Bronx River Houses include Afrika Bambatta, DJ Jazzy Jay, Afrika Islam and the Soul Sonic Force. DJ Red Alert also got his start in the Bronx River Houses.

Notable Natives

References

  1. ^ Bronx Community District 9
  2. ^ NYCHA
  3. ^ Creating Defenseable Space
  4. ^ 43rd Precinct CompStat Report
  5. ^ NYC Dropout Rates
  6. ^ Bronx Census Data Analysis
  7. ^ NYC Prison Expenditure

Tenements.

Semi-detached multi-unit rowhouses.

H. S. built inside once abandoned warehouse.

Mural dedicated to homicide victim.

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