A Solemnity of the Roman Catholic Church is a principal holy day in the liturgical calendar, usually commemorating an event in the life of Jesus, his mother Mary, or other important saints. Lists of holidays The words holiday or vacation have related meanings in different English-speaking countries and continents but will usually refer to one of The liturgical year, also known as the Christian year, consists of the cycle of liturgical seasons in Christian churches which determines when Jesus of Nazareth (7–2 BC / BCE —26–36 AD / CE) This ecumenical article is about general Christian views on and veneration of the Virgin Mary A saint (from the Latin sanctus) is a human being to whom has been attributed (and who has generally demonstrated a high level of Holiness and Sanctity The observance begins with the vigil on the evening before the actual date of the feast.
The word is taken from the Latin sollemnitas, a term of uncertain origin but possibly derived from sollus (whole) and annus (year), indicating a celebration occurring at yearly intervals. Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome.
Solemnities of the General Roman Calendar
| January 1 | The Blessed Virgin Mary, the Mother of God | formerly known as the Feast of the Circumcision of Christ |
| January 6 | The Epiphany of the Lord | observed in most dioceses on the second Sunday after Christmas (between Jan 2 and 8) in most dioceses, including those of the United States. New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC The Solemnity of Mary, Mother of God is a feast of the Blessed Virgin Mary, celebrated by the Roman Catholic Church on January 1, The Feast of the Circumcision of Our Lord is a Christian celebration of the Circumcision of Jesus, eight days (according to the Semitic and southern European Events 1066 - Harold Godwinson is crowned King of England. 1205 - Philip of Swabia becomes King Epiphany ( Greek for "to manifest" or "to show" is a Christian Feast day which celebrates the "shining forth" or revelation of Events 366 - The Alamanni cross the frozen Rhine River in large numbers invading the Roman Empire. Events 871 - Battle of Ashdown - Ethelred of Wessex defeats a Danish invasion army The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Feast of the Baptism of the Lord on the next Sunday (or on Monday if the observance of the Solemnity occurs on 7 or 8 January) ends the Christmas season. The Baptism of the Lord (or the Baptism of Christ) is the name of a Feast day commemorating the Baptism of Jesus in the Jordan River by |
| March 19 | Saint Joseph, husband of the Blessed Virgin Mary | transferred to Monday whenever it falls on Sunday but to the Saturday before Palm Sunday if it falls on Palm Sunday or during Holy Week |
| March 25 | The Annunciation of the Lord | transferred to Monday whenever it falls on a Sunday but to the Monday after the Second Sunday of Easter whenever it falls on Palm Sunday, during Holy Week, or during the Octave of Easter; nowhere a holy day of obligation |
| 22 March to 25 April (varies) | The Resurrection of the Lord (Easter Sunday) | |
| 40th day of Easter | The Ascension of the Lord | moved to the following Sunday in some areas |
| 50th day of Easter | Pentecost | |
| Sunday after Pentecost | The Most Holy Trinity | |
| Thursday after Trinity Sunday | The Most Holy Body and Blood of Christ | Corpus Christi, moved to the following Sunday in most areas, including the United States of America |
| Friday eight (or five) days after Corpus Christi Thursday (or Sunday) | The Most Sacred Heart of Jesus | nowhere a holy day of obligation |
| June 24 | The Nativity of Saint John the Baptist | nowhere a holy day of obligation |
| June 29 | Saint Peter and Saint Paul, Apostles | |
| August 15 | The Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary | |
| November 1 | All Saints | |
| Last Sunday before Advent (late November) | Our Lord Jesus Christ the King | |
| December 8 | The Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary | |
| December 25 | The Nativity of the Lord | holy day of obligation at least almost everywhere; also known as Christmas |
These solemnities are observed throughout the entire Roman Catholic Church. Events 1279 - A Mongolian victory in the Battle of Yamen ends the Song Dynasty in China. Saint Joseph's Day, 19 March, the Feast of St Joseph or Solemnity of Saint Joseph is in Western Christianity the principal feast day of Palm Sunday is a Christian Moveable feast which always falls on the Sunday before Easter. Holy Week ( Latin: Hebdomada Sancta or Maior Hebdomada, "Greater Week" in Christianity is the last week before Easter. Events 1199 - Richard I is wounded by a crossbow bolt while fighting France which leads to his death on April 6. In Christianity the Annunciation ( grc Ευαγγελισμός της Θεοτόκου, Evangelismós tēs Theotókou in Greek) is the revelation Easter ( Greek: Πάσχα Pascha or Pasxa) is the most important religious feast in the Christian Liturgical year. The general and most common understanding of the Christian Doctrine of Ascension holds that Jesus bodily ascended to Heaven in the presence Pentecost (πεντηκοστή, pentekostē, "the fiftieth day" is one of the prominent feasts in the Christian Liturgical year, celebrated the Trinity Sunday is the first Sunday after Pentecost in the Western Christian liturgical calendar, and the Sunday of Pentecost in Eastern Corpus Christi ( Latin for Body of Christ) is a Christian feast. The Sacred Heart is a religious devotion to Jesus ' physical heart as the representation of the divine love for humanity Events 972 - Battle of Cedynia, the first documented victory of Polish forces takes place The Nativity of St John the Baptist (or Birth of John the Baptist, or Nativity of the Forerunner) is a Christian Feast day celebrating Events 512 - A Solar eclipse is recorded by a monastic chronicler in Ireland. The Feast of Saints Peter and Paul, or properly the Solemnity of Saints Peter and Paul, is a feast commemorating the Martyrdom at Rome of the Apostles Events 778 - The Battle of Roncevaux Pass, at which Roland is killed This article is about the theological concept For the works of art with this title see Assumption of the Virgin Mary in Art and Roman Catholic Marian art. Events 996 - Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk Bishop of Freising which is the oldest known document using the name Ostarrîchi For the British girl group see All Saints (band. All Saints' Day (also called All Hallows or Hallowmas) often This article describes the Feast of Christ the King. For the title of Christ see Christ the King. Events 1609 - Biblioteca Ambrosiana opens its reading room the second public library of Europe. The Feast of the Immaculate Conception celebrates the Roman Catholic Dogma of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary. Events 274 - Roman Emperor Aurelian For depictions in painting and sculpture see Nativity of Jesus in art. In addition, there are some which are observed in particular places, regions, or in particular religious orders. Religious orders ('Religious Institutes' cf canons 573-746 are the major form of consecrated life in the Roman Catholic Church. For instance, when a parish or other church celebrates the feast or memorial of its titular saint or when it celebrates the anniversary of its dedication, it is treated as a solemnity. The patron saint of a particular group of people is a Saint who would protect and 'love' the group and its members Consecration is the solemn dedication to a special purpose or service usually religious [1] The feast of Saint Patrick on 17 March is a solemnity in Ireland, and the feast of Our Lady of Mount Carmel on 16 July is a solemnity for the Carmelites. Saint Patrick (Patricius Irish: Naomh Pádraig) was a Roman Britain -born Christian Missionary and is the Patron saint Events 45 BC - In his last victory Julius Caesar defeats the Pompeian forces of Titus Labienus and Pompey the Younger Ireland (pronounced /ˈaɾlənd/ Éire) is the third largest island in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world Our Lady of Mount Carmel is a Title given to Mary the mother of Jesus, in honor of her having given the Scapular of Our Lady of Mount Carmel to Saint Events 622 - The beginning of the Islamic calendar. 1054 - Three Roman legates fractured relations between the Western and The Order of the Brothers of Our Lady of Mount Carmel or Carmelites (sometimes simply Carmel by Synecdoche; Latin: Ordo fratrum Beatæ
Some solemnities are also Holy Days of Obligation, on which Catholics are required to attend Mass; some are not. In the Catholic Church, Holy Days of Obligation or Holidays of Obligation, less commonly called Feasts of Precept, are the days on which as canon 1247 The Mass is the Eucharistic celebration in the Latin liturgical rites of the Roman Catholic Church. Moreover, the canon law of the Catholic Church requires that on Holy Days of Obligation Catholics are to avoid "work" and "affairs" that "hinder the worship to be rendered to God" or interfere with "suitable relaxation of mind and body" just as is required on Sundays. Canon law is internal ecclesiastical law governing the Roman Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox churches and the Anglican Communion of churches [2]
If a solemnity falls on a Sunday, the Mass is celebrated with the readings and prayers appropriate to the particular feast, rather than to the particular Sunday. The Creed is recited at Mass, and there are two scriptural readings and a responsoral psalm before the Gospel. The Nicene Creed (ˈnaɪsiːn is an ecumenical Christian statement of faith accepted in the Eastern Orthodox Church, Assyrian Church of A lection is a reading in this context from Scripture The custom of reading the books of Moses in the synagogues on the Sabbath day was a very ancient one in the Jewish Psalms ( Hebrew: Tehilim, תהילים, or "praises" is a book of the Hebrew Bible (the Christian Old Testament) included This article is about the canonical books of the New Testament When a solemnity falls on a Friday, the obligation to abstain from meat or do penance is lifted. For Roman Catholics, Fasting is the reduction of one's intake of food to one full meal a day Penance is repentance of Sins as well as the proper name of the Catholic and Orthodox Christian Sacrament of Penance and Reconciliation/Confession [3] No solemnity except the Resurrection of the Lord on Easter Sunday can fall during Holy Week or during the Octave of Easter; the Church transfers any otherwise scheduled solemnity to another available date.
See also
- Liturgical year
- Holy Day of Obligation
- Octave (liturgical)
- Great Feasts of the Orthodox Church
- Afterfeast
References
- ^ See General Norms for the Liturgical Year and the Calendar § 59(I)(4). The liturgical year, also known as the Christian year, consists of the cycle of liturgical seasons in Christian churches which determines when In the Catholic Church, Holy Days of Obligation or Holidays of Obligation, less commonly called Feasts of Precept, are the days on which as canon 1247 " Octave " has two senses in Christian liturgical usage The feast of the Resurrection of Jesus, called Pascha (Easter is the greatest of the feasts of the Eastern Orthodox Church. An Afterfeast is a period of celebration attached to one of the Great Feasts celebrated by the Eastern Orthodox and Eastern Catholic Churches (roughly equivalent to
- ^ Can. 1247, Code of Canon Law
- ^ Codex Iuris Canonici canon 1251.
External links
- Universalis An excellent liturgical calendar of the Catholic Church including the liturgy of the hours and the mass readings.
- "Solemnity" article from The Catholic Encyclopedia (1912)
- [1] Liturgical calendar for the year 2008 in the United States of America
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