A snap election is an election called earlier than scheduled. Generally it refers to an election called when no one expects it, usually to capitalize on a unique electoral opportunity or to decide a pressing issue.
In the Westminster parliamentary system a snap election is an early election called when the Prime Minister (or Premier) dissolves the legislature part way through a government's mandate. The Westminster system is a democratic Parliamentary system of Government modelled after the British government (the Parliament of the United This article is about the government position For other uses see Prime Minister (disambiguation. In Canada, a premier is the Head of government of a province or territory.
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Australia
In Australia, the Australian federal election, 1983 is famous because the opposition Australian Labor Party changed leadership immediately after the dissolution of parliament and went on to defeat the Fraser Government, a rare example of a snap election backfiring on the prime minister who calls it. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Background The coalition government led by Malcolm Fraser had to contend with a parlous economic situation with high inflation and high unemployment Parliamentary opposition is a form of political opposition to a designated government particularly in a Westminster -based Parliamentary system In Parliamentary systems a dissolution of parliament is the dispersal of a Legislature at the call of an Election. John Malcolm Fraser, AC, CH (born 21 May 1930 is an Australian Liberal politician who was the 22nd Prime Minister of Australia. For the government of parliamentary systems see Executive (government.
Canada
In Canada, the most notable case is the Canadian federal election, 1958 where Prime Minister John Diefenbaker called an election just nine months after the previous one and transformed his minority government into the largest majority in the history of Canada. The following is a list of Canadian Elections, both federal and provincial that have been regarded by all or some observers as Snap elections Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page The Canadian federal election of 1958 was the 24th general election in Canada's history The Prime Minister of Canada ( French: Premier ministre du Canada) is the primary Minister of the Crown, chairman of the Cabinet, and thus The Canadian federal election of 1957 was held June 10, 1957, to elect members of the Canadian House of Commons of the 23rd Parliament A minority government or a minority cabinet is a Cabinet of a Parliamentary system formed when the governing Political party or In the Westminster System, there is a majority government when the governing party enjoys an Absolute majority of seats in the Legislature or Inhabited for millennia by First Nations ( aboriginal) the history of Canada has evolved from a group of European colonies into an officially
A snap election was also called in the province of Ontario in 1990, just three years into Premier David Peterson's term. David Robert Peterson, PC (born December 28, 1943 in Toronto, Ontario) was the twentieth Premier of the Province Peterson was polling at 54% and expected to win a large majority. However, the snap election was interpreted as a sign of arrogance, and in the biggest upset in Ontario history, the tactic backfired and Bob Rae's NDP won a majority government. Robert Keith "Bob" Rae PC OC QC OOnt MP (born August 2, 1948) is a Canadian
An extreme case of a snap election occurred when newly elected Progressive Conservative Premier of Newfoundland & Labrador, Tom Rideout, called a snap election just 45 days after winning Premier and lost to the Liberal parties Clyde Wells.
Germany
The early German federal election in 2005 became necessary after a motion of confidence in Chancellor Gerhard Schröder failed on July 1. German federal elections took place on September 18, 2005 to elect the members of the 16th German Bundestag, the federal parliament of Germany A Motion of Confidence is a motion of support proposed by a government in a Parliament or other assembly of elected representatives to give members of parliament (or The Head of government of Germany is called Chancellor (Kanzler ˌɡeɐ̯haɐ̯t fʁɪʦ kʊɐ̯t ˈʃʁøːdɐ (born 7 April 1944 German politician, was Chancellor of Germany from 1998 to 2005 "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. Following the defeat of Schröder's Social Democratic Party (SPD) in a state election, Schröder asked his supporters to abstain in the Bundestag motion in order that it fail and thus trigger an early federal election.
Japan
In Japan, a snap election is called when a Prime Minister dissolves the lower house of the Diet of Japan. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. The is Japan's Bicameral Legislature. It is composed of a Lower house, called the House of Representatives, and an Upper house, called The act is based on Article 7 of the Constitution of Japan, which can be interpreted as saying that the Prime Minister has the power to dissolve the lower house after so advising the Emperor. The has been the founding legal document of Japan since 1947 The constitution provides for a Parliamentary system of government and guarantees certain fundamental rights The of Japan is the country's Monarch. He is the head of the Japanese Imperial Family. One such occurrence was the general election of 11 September 2005, called by Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi after the Diet rejected his plan to privatize Japan Post. For a breakdown of the results by block district with maps see Results of Japan general election 2005 Japan held a nationwide election to is a Japanese politician who served as Prime Minister of Japan from 2001 to 2006 was a public corporation in Japan, that existed from 2003–2007 offering postal and package delivery services banking services and life insurance Koizumi won a resounding victory, and the privatization bill was passed in the next session.
New Zealand
Although New Zealand elections must be held about every three years, the exact timing is determined by the Prime Minister, and elections are sometimes held early if the Prime Minister loses the ability to command a majority of parliament or feels the need for a fresh mandate. New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island The Prime Minister of New Zealand is New Zealand's Head of government consequent on being the leader of the party or coalition with majority support in The Parliament of New Zealand consists of the Queen of New Zealand and the New Zealand House of Representatives and until 1951 the New Zealand Legislative Council In Politics, a mandate is the Authority granted by an Electorate to act as its representative.
New Zealand has had three snap elections:
1951
This occurred immediately after the 1951 waterfront dispute, in which the National Party government sided with shipping companies against a militant union, while the Labour opposition equivocated and thus annoyed both sides. The 1951 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the New Zealand Parliament 's 30th term. The 1951 New Zealand waterfront dispute is the largest and most widespread industrial dispute in New Zealand history The New Zealand National Party ("National" or "the Nats" currently forms the second-largest (in terms of parliamentary seats Political party The New Zealand Labour Party is a New Zealand political party The government was returned with an increased majority.
1984
The National Party government had a majority of only one seat, and a snap election was called by Prime Minister Robert Muldoon after he lost patience with his less obedient MPs. The 1984 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the 41st New Zealand Parliament. The New Zealand National Party ("National" or "the Nats" currently forms the second-largest (in terms of parliamentary seats Political party Sir Robert David ("Rob" Muldoon, GCMG, CH ( 25 September 1921 &ndash 5 August 1992) served as Prime Minister A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a Parliament. The government lost the election and the Labour Party took power. The New Zealand Labour Party is a New Zealand political party
2002
Labour Party Prime Minister Helen Clark called this election after problems with coalition partners, but denied it was a snap election. The 2002 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the 47th New Zealand Parliament. The New Zealand Labour Party is a New Zealand political party Helen Elizabeth Clark (born 26 February 1950 is the 37th and current Prime Minister of New Zealand. Although the election was held within the expected period, its date was announced with much less advance warning than was normal. The National Party was caught unprepared and suffered its worst ever result (20. The New Zealand National Party ("National" or "the Nats" currently forms the second-largest (in terms of parliamentary seats Political party 9% of the party (popular) vote), and the government was returned with an increased majority.
Philippines
In the Philippines, the term "snap election" usually refers to the 1986 presidential election, where President Ferdinand Marcos called elections earlier than scheduled, in response to growing social unrest. The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP The Presidential and Vice-Presidential Snap elections were held on February 7, 1986 in the Philippines. The President of the Philippines is the head of state and government of the Republic of the Philippines. Ferdinand Emmanuel Edralín Marcos ( September 11, 1917 &ndash September 28, 1989) was President of the Philippines from 1965 to 1986 Marcos was declared official winner of the election but was eventually ousted when it was alleged that he cheated in the elections.
In the current constitution, a snap election will be held for the positions of president and vice president on the condition that both positions are vacant, and outside the 90-day range of the next scheduled presidential election. The Constitution of the Philippines ( Saligang Batas ng Pilipinas in Filipino) is the supreme Law of the Philippines The Vice President of the Philippines is the second highest executive official of the Philippine government
Sweden
The Instrument of Government (Regeringsformen) in the Constitution of Sweden allows an "extra election". The Swedish Constitution consists of four fundamental laws ( Swedish: grundlagar, singular grundlag) The wording is used to make clear it doesn't change the period to the next ordinary election.
Thailand
In 2006, the general election called by Thailand's prime minister Thaksin Shinawatra, can also be categorised as a snap election. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The Kingdom of Thailand (ˈtaɪlænd ราชอาณาจักรไทย, râːtɕʰa-ʔaːnaːtɕɑ̀k-tʰɑj The first Prime Minister of Thailand was Phraya Manopakorn Nititada, who took office after the 1932 Siamese coup d'état ended the absolute monarchy (ทักษิณ ชินวัตร IPA tɕʰinnawát Chinese: 丘[[wikt 達|達]] 新, Qiū Dáxīn nicknamed by the media as แม้ว Despite winning a majority of votes, he stepped down.
United States
The US Constitution provides no guidelines for snap elections, and they are not authorized at the national level. The Constitution of the United States of America is the supreme Law of the United States. National elections take place in all even-numbered years, always for the House of Representatives, and President of the United States, depending on the year. The United States House of Representatives is one of the two chambers of the United States Congress; the other is the Senate. The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by A recall election, in contrast, may occur in some municipalities, as a result of a petition by the people.
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