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Slavery
Period and context

History · Antiquity
Religious views: Biblical · Christian · Islamic · Jewish
Slave trades: Atlantic · African · Arab · Asian
Human trafficking · Sexual slavery · Abolitionism · Servitude
Related

Gulag · Serfdom · Unfree labour · Debt bondage · Indentured servant · List of slaves · Legal status
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A slave rebellion is an armed uprising by slaves. As a social-economic system slavery is a legal institution under which a Person (called "a slave" is compelled to work for another The history of slavery uncovers many different forms of human exploitation across many cultures throughout history Slavery as an institution in Mediterranean cultures of the ancient world comprised a mixture of Debt-slavery, slavery as a punishment for crime and The issue of religion and slavery is an area of historical research into the relationship between the world's major Religions and the practice of Slavery. The Bible contains several references to slavery. The Hebrew Bible does not promote Slavery, but neither does it condemn it Christianity does not have a clear position regarding slavery, in favour or against The major juristic schools of Islam traditionally accepted the institution of Slavery. Judaism has been influenced by the experience of slavery of the Hebrews in the land of Egypt, as narrated in the biblical story of The Exodus The Atlantic Slave trade, also known as the transatlantic slave trade, was the trade of African people supplied to the Colonies of the New World This article discusses systems of slavery within Africa the history and effects of the slavery trade upon Africa The Arab Slave trade was the practice of Slavery in West Asia, North Africa, East Africa, and certain parts of Europe (such The history of slavery uncovers many different forms of human exploitation across many cultures throughout history Human trafficking is the recruitment transportation harbouring or receipt of people for the purposes of slavery forced labor (including bonded labor or debt bondage and servitude Sexual slavery refers to the organised coercion of persons into various different sexual practices forced Prostitution single-owner sexual slavery Abolitionism was a political movement of the 18th and 19th century which sought to make Slavery illegal particularly in the United States and British West Indies Involuntary servitude is a United States legal and Constitutional term for a person laboring against that person's will to benefit another under some form The Gulag was the government agency that administered the penal labor camps of the Soviet Union. Unfree labour is a generic or collective term for those work relations especially in modern or early modern history in which people are employed against their will Debt bondage or bonded labor is a means of paying off loans with direct labor instead of currency or goods An indentured servant is a form of Debt bondage worker The Laborer is under Contract of an Employer for some period of time usually three to Slavery is a social-economic system under which certain persons — known as slaves — are deprived of personal freedom and compelled to perform labour or services In Law legal status refers to the concept of individuals having a particular place in society relative to the law as it determines the laws which affect them As a social-economic system slavery is a legal institution under which a Person (called "a slave" is compelled to work for another Slave rebellions have occurred in nearly all societies that practice slavery, and are amongst the most feared events for slaveholders. This is a list of Revolutions and Rebellions BC 499 BC - 493 BC: Ionian Revolt. Famous historic slave rebellions have been led by Denmark Vesey; the Roman slave Spartacus; the thrall Tunni who rebelled against the Swedish king Ongenþeow, a rebellion that needed Danish assistance to be quelled; the poet-prophet Ali bin Muhammad, who led imported east African slaves in Iraq during the Zanj Rebellion against the Abbasid Caliphate in the ninth century; Madison Washington during the Creole case in 19th century America; and Granny Nanny of the Maroons who rebelled against the British in Jamaica. Denmark Vesey (originally Telemaque,1767? &ndash July 2, 1822) was a West Indian slave brought to the United States Ancient Rome was a Civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC Spartacus (c 109 BC-71 BC according to Roman historians was a Slave who became the leader (or possibly one of several leaders in the unsuccessful slave A thrall ( Þræll; Þír, f) was a variety of slave in Scandinavian culture during the Viking Age. Ongentheow, (Anglo-Saxon Ongenþeow, Ongenþio, Ongendþeow; Swedish Angantyr) (– ca 515 was the name of a semi-legendary Swedish Note The Zanj Rebellion was not a single revolt but a series of small revolts that eventually culminated to a large revolt Madison Washington was the instigator of a Slave revolt onboard the Brig Creole. The Creole case was an incident in American history concerning the Coastwise slave trade, which flourished for a half century or longer Nanny of the Maroons, also known as Queen Nanny and Granny Nanny, a National Hero of Jamaica, was a well-known leader of the Jamaican Maroons Maroons redirects here and may refer to Queensland state rugby league team.

Contents

Europe

Probably the most famous slave rebellion in Europe was that led by Spartacus in Roman Italy, the Third Servile War. Spartacus (c 109 BC-71 BC according to Roman historians was a Slave who became the leader (or possibly one of several leaders in the unsuccessful slave The Roman Empire was the post-Republican phase of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest The Third Servile War, also called the Gladiator War and The War of Spartacus by Plutarch, was the last of a series of unrelated and unsuccessful slave [1] This was the third in a series of unrelated Servile Wars fought by slaves to the Romans. The institution of Slavery in ancient Rome increased those held to a condition of more than persons under their legal system.

English peasants' revolt of 1381 led to calls for the reform of feudalism in England and an increase in rights for the serf class. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Peasants' Revolt was one of a number of popular revolts in late medieval Europe. Popular revolts in late medieval Europe were uprisings and Rebellions by (typically Peasants in the countryside or the Bourgeois in towns against Richard II agreed to reforms such as fair rents and the abolition of serfdom. Richard II (6 January 1367 &ndash ca 14 February 1400 was King of England from 1377 until he was deposed in 1399 Following the collapse of the revolt, the king's concessions were quickly revoked, but rebellion is significant because it marked the beginning of the end of serfdom in medieval England. [2]

In Russia, the slaves were usually classified as kholops. Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending Kholops (Холопы were Feudally dependent people in Russia between the 10th and early 18th centuries A kholop's master had unlimited power over his life. Slavery remained a major institution in Russia until the 1723, when the Peter the Great converted the household slaves into house serfs. Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending The origins of Serfdom in Russia are traced to Kievan Rus in the 11th century Russian agricultural slaves were formally converted into serfs earlier in 1679. [3] 16th and 17th centuries runaway serfs and kholops known as Cossacks (‘outlaws’) formed autonomous communities in the southern steppes. As a means of recording the passage of Time, the 17th Century was that Century which lasted from 1601 - 1700 in the Gregorian calendar The Cossacks (Каза́ки́ Kazaki; Козаки́ Kozaki; Kozacy are a group of martial people living in the southern Steppe regions of Eastern

There were numerous rebellions against the slavery and serfdom, most often in conjunction with Cossack uprisings, such as the uprisings of Ivan Bolotnikov (1606-1607), Stenka Razin (1667-1671),[4] Kondraty Bulavin (1707-1709), and Yemelyan Pugachev (1773-1775), often involving hundreds of thousands and sometimes millions. Ivan Isayevich Bolotnikov (Иван Исаевич Болотников (?—1608 was the leader of the uprising of 1606-1607 ( Bolotnikov rebellion, Восстание Ивана For the place in Azerbaijan see Stepan Razin Azerbaijan. Stepan (Sten'ka Timofeyevich Razin ( Russian: Степан (Стенька The Bulavin Rebellion is the name given to a violent civil uprising in Imperial Russia between the years 1707 and 1708 Year 1707 ( MDCCVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Year 1709 ( MDCCIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Year 1773 ( MDCCLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1775 ( MDCCLXXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a [5] Between the end of the Pugachev rebellion and the beginning of the 19th century, there were hundreds of outbreaks across Russia. Pugachev's Rebellion (or the Cossack Rebellion) was the largest peasant Revolt in Russia 's history [6]

South America and Caribbean

North America

Numerous black slave rebellions and insurrections took place in North America during the 18th and 19th centuries. DSC00835JPG|thumb|250px| Trunk Bay Beach in St John US Virgin Islands. The Western Hemisphere, also Western hemisphere or western hemisphere, is a geographical term for the half of the Earth that lies West There is documentary evidence of more than 250 uprisings or attempted uprisings involving ten or more slaves. Three of the best known in the United States are the revolts by Gabriel Prosser in Virginia in 1800, Denmark Vesey in Charleston, South Carolina in 1822, and Nat Turner in Southampton County, Virginia, in 1831. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Gabriel (1776&ndash October 10, 1800) today commonly if incorrectly known as Gabriel Prosser, was a skilled and literate enslaved blacksmith The Commonwealth of Virginia ( is an American state Denmark Vesey (originally Telemaque,1767? &ndash July 2, 1822) was a West Indian slave brought to the United States Charleston is a city in Charleston county in the US state of South Carolina. Nat Turner (Nathaniel Turner October 2 1800 – November 11 1831 was an American slave who started the largest slave rebellion in the Antebellum Southampton County is a county located in the Commonwealth of Virginia, a state of the United States.

Slave resistance in the antebellum South finally became the focus of historical scholarship in the 1940s, when historian Herbert Aptheker started publishing the first serious scholarly work on the subject. " Antebellum " is an expression derived from Latin that means "before war" ( ante, "before" and bellum Herbert Aptheker ( July 31, 1915 - March 17, 2003) was an internationally known American Marxist historian and political Activist Aptheker stressed how the rebellion was rooted in the exploitative conditions of the Southern slave system. He traversed libraries and archives throughout the South, managing to uncover roughly 250 similar instances, though none of them reached the scale of the Nat Turner uprising.

John Brown had already fought against pro-slavery forces in Kansas for several years when he decided to lead a raid on Harpers Ferry, Virginia (West Virginia was not yet a state). John Brown (May 9 1800 December 2 1859 was an American Abolitionist who advocated and practiced armed Insurrection as a means to end all Slavery Kansas ( is a Midwestern state in the central region of the United States of America, an area often referred to as the American " The Commonwealth of Virginia ( is an American state West Virginia ( is a state in the Appalachian Upland South, and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States, bordered by A state is a political association with effective Sovereignty over a geographic Area and representing a Population. This raid was a joint attack by former slaves, freed blacks, and white men who had corresponded with slaves on plantations in order to form a general uprising amongst slaves. It almost succeeded, had it not been for Brown's delay, and hundreds of slaves left their plantations to join Brown's force - and others left their plantations to join Brown in an escape to the mountains. Eventually, due to a tactical error by Brown, their force was quelled. But directly following this, slave disobedience and runaways sky-rocketed in Virginia. [9]

Part of a series of articles on. . .
Image:Slave revolt logo.jpg

1712 New York Slave Revolt
1739 Stono Rebellion
1791-1804 Haitian Revolution
1800 Gabriel Prosser (Suppressed)
1805 Chatham Manor
1811 Charles Deslondes (Suppressed)
1815 George Boxley (Suppressed)
1822 Denmark Vesey (Suppressed)
1831 Nat Turner's rebellion
1839 Amistad
1856 Pottawatomie Massacre
1859 John Brown

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Middle East

The Zanj Revolt against the Abbasid Caliphate took place in Southern Iraq near the city of Basra between 869 and 879 AD. The city of Veracruz is a major port city and municipality on the Gulf of Mexico in the Mexican state of Veracruz. The New York Slave Revolt of 1712 was an uprising in New York City of 23 enslaved African Americans in which nine whites were shot stabbed or beaten to The Stono Rebellion (sometimes called Cato's Conspiracy or Cato's Rebellion) is one of the earliest known organized acts of rebellion against slavery within the The Gabriel (1776&ndash October 10, 1800) today commonly if incorrectly known as Gabriel Prosser, was a skilled and literate enslaved blacksmith Chatham Manor is the Georgian-style home built between 1768 and 1771 by William Fitzhugh on the Rappahannock River in Stafford County Virginia Charles Deslondes led a slave revolt in parts of the Louisiana Territory on January 8, 1811. George Boxley was a white storekeeper who while living in Spotsylvania Virginia, allegedly tried to coordinate a local slave rebellion on March 6, 1815 Denmark Vesey (originally Telemaque,1767? &ndash July 2, 1822) was a West Indian slave brought to the United States Nat Turner's Rebellion (also known as the Southampton Insurrection) was a Slave rebellion that took place in Southampton County, Virginia during The Amistad, 40 US (15 Pet 518 (1841 was a United States Supreme Court case resulting from the rebellion of slaves on board the Spanish John Brown (May 9 1800 December 2 1859 was an American Abolitionist who advocated and practiced armed Insurrection as a means to end all Slavery Harpers Ferry redirects here For other uses see Harpers Ferry (disambiguation. Note The Zanj Rebellion was not a single revolt but a series of small revolts that eventually culminated to a large revolt For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iraq topics. Basra ( BGN: AlBasrah also called Basorah Abillah and Uruk or IRAQ The name that British colony has adopted for Basra [11] The "Zanj" were slaves from East Africa, since the term Zanj describes the East African coast. East Africa is the Easternmost Region of the African Continent. Zanj ( Arabic and Persian زنج "Land of the Blacks" was a name used by medieval Arab geographers to refer to both a certain portion of the There were large numbers of people imported from East Africa via Somali and Ethiopian ports from as far as Southern Sudan. NOTE This intro is the result of careful NPOV work Please do not make potentially controversial edits to it without first discussing on the talk page Southern Sudan is a region of Sudan, comprising ten of that country's states The slaves were mainly used to work on the massive irrigation projects of the area. The origin of the word "Zanj" comes from Persian, and is related to the names in East Africa of "Zanzibar" which is also known to have 9th century links to the Middle East. The Middle East is a Subcontinent with no clear boundaries often used as a synonym to Near East, in opposition to Far East. [12]. They were led by ˤAlī ibn Muħammad, who claimed descent from ˤAlī, the fourth Caliph, in a campaign against the central government based in Samarra. ‘Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib (a=علي بن أﺑﻲ طالب|t=ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib 13th Rajab, 24 BH – 21st Ramaḍān, 40 AH The Caliph is the Head of state in a Caliphate, and the title for the leader of the Islamic Ummah, an Islamic community ruled by the Shari'ah Sāmarrā ( Arabic, سامَرّاء) is a city in Iraq. It stands on the east bank of the Tigris

Africa

In 1808 and 1825 there were slave rebellions in the Cape Colony, newly acquired by the British. The Cape Colony, part of modern South Africa, was established by the Dutch East India Company in 1652 with the founding of Cape Town. Although the slave trade was officially abolished in the British Empire by the Slave Trade Act of 1807, and slavery itself a generation later with the Slavery Abolition Act 1833, it took until 1850 to be halted in the territories which were to become South Africa. The British Empire was the largest empire in history and for over a century was the foremost global power. See also Atlantic slave trade, Abolitionism The Slave Trade Act (citation 47 Geo III Sess The Slavery Abolition Act of 1833 (citation 3 & 4 Will IV c 73 was an 1833 Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom abolishing The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa [13]

Bibliography

International Publ. , 1993 - classic

External links

References and notes

  1. ^ The Sicilian Slave Wars and Spartacus
  2. ^ Chronology Of Slavery
  3. ^ Ways of ending slavery
  4. ^ Russia before Peter the Great
  5. ^ Rebellions
  6. ^ The Slave Revolts
  7. ^ |url=http://www.stabroeknews.com/index.pl/article?id=56501710 |title=The 1763 and 1823 slave rebellions |author=McGowan, Winston |year=2006 |accessdate=December 07|accessyear=2006 |publisher=Starbroeck News}}
  8. ^ a b c "A Continuity of the 19th Century Jihaad Movements of Western Sudan ". "Muhammad Shareef".
  9. ^ Louis A. DeCaro Jr. , John Brown--The Cost of Freedom: Selections from His Life & Letters (New York: International Publishers, 2007), 16.
  10. ^ Slave Insurrections in the United States, 1800-1865 By Joseph Cephas Carroll. Page 13
  11. ^ Zanj rebellion
  12. ^ "Zanj Rebellion". "Owen 'Alik Shahadah". Owen 'Alik Shahadah (b 1973) is a director, African Writer, Musician, Photographer and Music producer.
  13. ^ Giliomee, Hermann (2003). "The Afrikaners", Chapter 4 - Masters, Slaves and Servants, the fear of gelykstelling, Page 93,94
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