In the record industry, a single is a song usually extracted from a current or upcoming album to promote the album. A song is a Musical composition. Songs contain vocal parts that are performed 'sung' and generally feature Words ( Lyrics) commonly followed An album or record album is a collection of related audio or Music tracks distributed to the public Singles are distributed through a number of ways; originally, they were packaged as "single" records with one or two other songs and sold before the release of the album. However, this practice has lessened as the Internet has made music more readily available to the public free of charge. The Internet is a global system of interconnected Computer networks Also, singles are commonly played on the radio, and with the advent of music videos in the 1980s, video versions of singles have become a common way of distributing the song to the public. Radio is the transmission of signals by Modulation of electromagnetic waves with frequencies below those of visible Light. A music video is a Short film or video that accompanies a complete piece of music most commonly a Song with lyrics
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History
The basic parameters of the music single were established in the late 1800s, when the gramophone record began to supersede phonograph cylinders in commercial music. A gramophone The earliest method of recording and reproducing sound was on phonograph cylinders. Gramophone discs were manufactured with a range of playback speeds (from 16 rpm to 78 rpm) and in several sizes (including 12"). Inches redirects here To see the Les Savy Fav album see Inches. By around 1910, however, the 10-inch 78 rpm shellac disc had become the most commonly used format.
The inherent technical limitations of the gramophone disc defined the standard format for commercial recordings in the early 1900s. The relatively crude disc cutting techniques of the time and the thickness of the needles used on record players limited the number of grooves per inch that could be inscribed on the disc surface, and a relatively high rotation speed was necessary to achieve acceptable recording and playback fidelity. 78 rpm was chosen as the standard because of the introduction of the electrically powered synchronous turntable motor in 1925, which ran at 3600 rpm with a 46:1 gear ratio, resulting in a rotation speed of 78. 26 rpm.
These factors, combined with the 10" diameter of standard discs, thereby limited the duration of recording available on each side of a disc to around three minutes. These manufacturing limits in turn exerted a direct effect on the composition of music, as songwriters and performers increasingly tailored their output to fit the new medium.
The 3-minute single remained the standard into the 1960s when the availability of microgroove recording and improved mastering techniques enabled recording artists to increase the duration of their recordings—The Beatles' 1968 7-minute single "Hey Jude" was a deliberate challenge to this long-standing 3-minute standard for pop singles. The Beatles were a pop and rock band from Liverpool, England formed in 1960 Year 1968 ( MCMLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. " Hey Jude " is a song by the English rock band The Beatles that was recorded in 1968 Pop music as a genre features a noticeable rhythmic element catchy melodies and hooks, a mainstream style and conventional structure
Singles have been issued on various formats, including 7-inch, 10-inch and 12-inch vinyl discs (usually playing at 45 rpm); 10-inch shellac discs (playing at 78 rpm); cassette, 3 and 5-inch CD singles and 7-inch plastic flexi discs. A gramophone Shellac is the commercial resin marketed in the form of amber flakes made from Lac, the secretion of the family of lac-producing insects though most commonly from the The flexi disc (also known as a phonosheet or sonosheet) is a phonograph record made of a thin Vinyl sheet with a molded-in spiral stylus Other, less common, formats include singles on digital compact cassette, DVD, and LD, as well as many non-standard sizes of vinyl disc (5", 8", etc. Digital Compact Cassette ( DCC) is an obsolete Magnetic tape sound recording format introduced by Philips and Matsushita in late 1992 DVD (also known as " Digital Versatile Disc " or " Digital Video Disc " - see Etymology)is The Laserdisc (LD is an obsolete Home video disc format and was the first commercial Optical disc storage medium ).
The most common form of the vinyl single is the 45, the name for which is derived from its play speed, 45 rpm. A gramophone The standard diameter of a 45 is 7".
The 7" 45 rpm record was introduced in 1949 by RCA as a smaller, more durable and higher-fidelity replacement for the 78 rpm shellac discs. RCA Corporation, founded as Radio Corporation of America, was an electronics company in existence from 1919 to 1986 Fidelity is a notion that at its most abstract level implies a truthful connection to a source or sources 78 ( seventy-eight) is the Natural number following 77 and followed by 79. The first 45 rpm records were monaural, with recordings on both sides of the disc. Monaural (often shortened to mono) sound reproduction is single-channel As stereo recordings became popular in the 1960s, almost all 45 rpm records were produced in stereo by the early 1970s. Stereophonic sound, commonly called stereo, is the reproduction of Sound, using two or more independent audio channels through a Symmetrical
Although 7" remained the standard size for vinyl singles, 12" singles were introduced for use by DJs in discos in the 1970s. A disc jockey (also known as DJ or deejay) is a person who selects and plays recorded music for an audience A discothèque, diskoˈtɛk̚ compare the Spanish "discoteca" is an Entertainment venue or Club with recorded music played by "Discaires" The longer playing time of these singles allowed the inclusion of extended dance mixes of tracks. The 12" single is still considered a standard format for dance music, though its popularity has declined in recent years. This article is about music for dancing in general You may also be looking for Electronic dance music.
The sales of singles are recorded in record charts in most countries in a Top 40 format. Record chart are a method of ranking Music according to Popularity during a given period of time The Top Forty or Top 40 is a music industry shorthand for the currently most-popular songs in a particular genre. These charts are often published in magazines and numerous television shows and radio programs count down the list. A television program (US television programme (UK or television show (U Radio programming is the content that is broadcast by Radio stations The original inventors of radio such as Nikola Tesla and Guglielmo In order to be eligible for inclusion in the charts the single must meet the requirements set by the charting company, usually governing the number of songs and the total playing time of the single.
In popular music, the relative commercial and artistic importance of the single (as compared to the EP or album) has varied over time, technological development, and according to the audience of particular artists and genres. Popular music is Music belonging to any of a number of musical styles that are accessible to the general public and are disseminated by one or more Singles have generally been more important to artists who sell to the youngest purchasers of music (younger teenagers and pre-teens), who tend to have more limited financial resources and shorter attention spans. Preadolescence is a stage of human development through Childhood that occurs in a child's years before Adolescence. Perhaps the golden age of the single was on "45's" in the 1950s and early 1960s in the early years of rock music. A gramophone Rock music is a genre of Popular music often though not necessarily employing Electric guitar, Bass guitar, and Drums. Starting in the mid-sixties, albums became a greater focus and more important as artists created albums of uniformly high quality and coherent themes, a trend which reached its apex in the development of the concept album. In Popular music, a concept album is an Album which is "unified by a theme which can be instrumental compositional narrative or lyrical" Over the 1980s and 1990s, the single has generally received less and less attention as albums, which on compact disc had virtually identical production and distribution costs but could be sold at a higher price, became most retailers' primary method of selling music. A Compact Disc (also known as a CD) is an Optical disc used to store digital data, originally developed for storing digital audio The single became almost exclusively a promotional tool for radio play and to appear on television via the video clip. This page is about the visual medium for the Thai film see Video Clip (2007 film.
Dance music, however, has followed a different commercial pattern, and the single, especially the 12-inch vinyl single, remains a major method by which dance music is distributed. This article is about music for dancing in general You may also be looking for Electronic dance music.
As of 2006, the single seems to be undergoing something of a revival. Zavvi (also known as zavvicouk) is an Entertainment retail chain in the UK and Republic of Ireland, originally Virgin Megastores Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Commercial music download sites reportedly sell mostly single tracks rather than whole albums, and the increase in popularity seems to have rubbed off on physical formats. [1] Portable audio players, which make it extremely easy to load and play songs from many different artists, are claimed to be a major factor behind this trend.
A related development has been the popularity of mobile phone ringtones based on pop singles (on some modern phones, the actual single can be used as a ringtone). A ringtone or ring tone is the sound made by a Mobile phone to indicate an incoming call or text message In September 2007, Sony BMG announced they will introduce a new type of CD single, called "ringles", for the 2007 holiday season. Sony BMG Music Entertainment is a diverse music and entertainment group The format will include three songs by an artist, plus a ringtone that is accessible from the user's computer. Sony also announced plans to release 50 ringles in October and November, while Universal Music Group expects to release somewhere between 10 and 20 titles. Universal Music Group (UMG is the largest Business group and family of Record labels in the Recording industry. [2]
In a reversal of this trend, a single has been released based on a ringtone itself. The Crazy Frog ringtone, which had become a cult hit in Europe in 2004, was released as a mashup with Axel F in June 2005 amid a massive publicity campaign and subsequently hit #1 on the UK charts. Crazy Frog is a character used in the marketing of a Ring tone based on The Weird Annoying Thing, a computer animation created by Erik Wernquist. " Axel F " is the electronic Instrumental theme from the 1984 film Beverly Hills Cop performed by Harold Faltermeyer.
See also
References
- ^ "Pop single still hits right note", Sydney Morning Herald, 2004-08-26. A one-hit wonder is a Music industry term to describe an artist generally known for only one hit single. A-side and B-side originally referred to the two sides of 7 inch Vinyl records on which singles were released beginning in the 1950s In the Music industry, a release is usually the event at which an Album or single is first released for sale A hit single is a recorded track or single that has become very popular In Music, a ringle is the idea by Sony BMG Music Entertainment that combines Ringtones with singles creating a "ringle" The Sydney Morning Herald ( SMH) is a daily Broadsheet Newspaper published by Fairfax Media in Sydney, Australia "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 1071 - Battle of Manzikert: The Seljuk Turks defeat the Byzantine Army at Manzikert. Retrieved on 2008-05-22. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 334 BC - The Greek army of Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of the Granicus.
- ^ Christman, Ed. "Music industry betting on 'ringle' format", Reuters, 2007-09-09. This article is primarily about Reuters prior to its 2008 merger with Thomson Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1000 - Battle of Svolder, Viking Age. 1379 - Treaty of Neuberg, splitting the Austrian Retrieved on 2008-05-21. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 878 - Syracuse Italy is captured by the Muslim sultan of Sicily.
External links
- The 45 Adaptor—A short article looking at the history of the 45 rpm single spindle adaptor.
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