| Silver chloride | |
|---|---|
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| IUPAC name | Silver(I) chloride |
| Other names | Silver chloride; cerargyrite; chlorargyrite; horn silver |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | [7783-90-6] |
| RTECS number | VW3563000 |
| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | AgCl |
| Molar mass | 143. IUPAC Nomenclature is a system of naming Chemical compounds and of describing the science of Chemistry in general CAS registry numbers are unique numerical identifiers for Chemical compounds Polymers biological sequences mixtures and Alloys They are also referred to Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances ( RTECS) is a Database of Toxicity information compiled from the open scientific literature without reference A chemical formula is a way of expressing information about the Atoms that constitute a particular Chemical compound, and how the relationship between those atoms changes Molar mass, symbol M, is the Mass of one mole of a substance ( Chemical element or Chemical compound) 32 g mol-1 |
| Appearance | White Solid |
| Density | 5. The density of a material is defined as its Mass per unit Volume: \rho = \frac{m}{V} Different materials usually have different 56 × 103 kg m−3 |
| Melting point |
455 °C |
| Boiling point |
1150 °C |
| Solubility in water | 52 × 10−6 g/100 g at 50 °C |
| Structure | |
| Crystal structure | halite |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std enthalpy of formation ΔfH |
−127. The melting point of a solid is the temperature range at which it changes state from solid to Liquid. The boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which the Vapor pressure of the liquid equals the environmental pressure surrounding the liquid Solubility is the characteristic Physical property referring to the ability of a given substance the Solute, to dissolve in a Solvent. Water is a common Chemical substance that is essential for the survival of all known forms of Life. In Mineralogy and Crystallography, a crystal structure is a unique arrangement of Atoms in a Crystal. For sodium chloride in the diet see Salt. Sodium chloride, also known as common salt, table salt, or Halite, is a The standard enthalpy of formation or "standard heat of formation" of a compound is the change of Enthalpy that accompanies the formation of 1 mole of a 01 kJ mol−1 |
| Standard molar entropy S |
96. In Chemistry, the standard molar entropy is the Entropy content of one mole of substance under standard conditions (not standard temperature and pressure 25 J mol−1 K−1 |
| Hazards | |
| MSDS | Salt Lake Metals |
| NFPA 704 |
 0
2
0
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| Related compounds | |
| Other anions | silver(I) fluoride, silver bromide, silver iodide |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references |
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Silver chloride is a chemical compound with the chemical formula AgCl. A material safety data sheet ( MSDS) is a form containing data regarding the properties of a particular substance Symbolism The four divisions are typically color-coded with blue indicating level of Health Hazard, red indicating An ion is an Atom or Molecule which has lost or gained one or more Valence electrons giving it a positive or negative electrical charge Silver(I fluoride (AgF also known as argentous fluoride and silver monofluoride is a compound of Silver and Fluorine. Silver bromide (AgBr a soft pale-yellow insoluble salt well known (along with other silver halides for its unusual sensitivity to light. Silver iodide ( Ag[[Iodine I]] is a Chemical compound used in Photography and as an Antiseptic in medicine In Chemistry, the standard state of a material is its state at 1 bar (100 Kilopascals exactly A chemical compound is a substance consisting of two or more different elements chemically bonded together in a fixed proportion by Mass. A chemical formula is a way of expressing information about the Atoms that constitute a particular Chemical compound, and how the relationship between those atoms changes Silver (ˈsɪlvɚ is a Chemical element with the symbol " Ag " (argentum from the Ancient Greek: ἀργήντος - argēntos gen Chlorine (ˈklɔriːn from the Greek word 'χλωρóς' ( khlôros, meaning 'pale green' is the Chemical element with Atomic number 17 and This white crystalline solid is well known for its low solubility in water (this behavior being reminiscent of the chlorides of Tl+ and Pb2+). In Materials science, a crystal is a Solid in which the constituent Atoms Molecules or Ions are packed in a regularly ordered repeating Solubility is the characteristic Physical property referring to the ability of a given substance the Solute, to dissolve in a Solvent. Water is a common Chemical substance that is essential for the survival of all known forms of Life. Upon illumination or heating, silver chloride converts to silver (and chlorine), which is signalled by greyish or purplish coloration to some samples. AgCl occurs naturally as a mineral chlorargyrite. Chlorargyrite is the mineral form of Silver chloride (AgCl Chlorargyrite occurs as a secondary mineral phase in the Oxidation of silver mineral deposits
Contents |
Coordination chemistry
The solid adopts the fcc NaCl structure, in which each Ag+ ion is surrounded by an octahedron of six chloride ligands. The cubic crystal system (or isometric) is a Crystal system where the Unit cell is in the shape of a Cube. For sodium chloride in the diet see Salt. Sodium chloride, also known as common salt, table salt, or Halite, is a An octahedron (plural octahedra is a Polyhedron with eight faces AgF and AgBr crystallize similarly. [1] However, the crystallography depends on the condition of crystallization, primarily free silver ion concentration. AgCl dissolves in solutions containing ligands such as chloride, cyanide, triphenylphosphine, thiosulfate, thiocyanate and ammonia. In Chemistry, a ligand is either an Atom, Ion, or Molecule (see also Functional group) that bonds to a central metal generally A cyanide is any Chemical compound that contains the cyano group (C≡N which consists of a Carbon Atom triple-bonded to a Triphenylphosphine (in Europe triphenylphosphane is a common Organophosphorus compound with the formula P(C6H53 - often abbreviated to Thiosulfate (S2O32&minus is an Oxyanion of Sulfur produced by the reaction of Sulfite ions with elemental sulfur Thiocyanate (also known as sulphocyanate or thiocyanide or rhodanide) is the anion − Ammonia is a compound with the formula N[[hydrogen H3]] It is normally encountered as a Gas with a characteristic pungent Odor Silver chloride reacts with these ligands according to the following illustrative equations:
- AgCl(s) + Cl–(concentrated, aqueous) → AgCl2-(aq)
- AgCl(s) + 2S2O32–(aq) → Ag[(S2O3)2]3-(aq) + Cl-(aq)
- AgCl(s) + 2NH3(aq) → Ag[(NH3)2]+(aq) + Cl-(aq)
Most complexes derived from AgCl are two-, three-, and, in rare cases, four-coordinate, adopting linear, trigonal planar, and tetrahedral coordination geometries, respectively.
In one of the most famous reactions in chemistry, addition of colorless aqueous silver nitrate to an equally colorless solution of sodium chloride produces an opaque white precipitate of AgCl:[2]
This conversion is a common test for the presence of chloride in solution. Silver nitrate also known as lunar caustic is a soluble Chemical compound with Chemical formula Ag[[Nitrogen N]] O 3 A solid' object is in the States of matter characterized by resistance to Deformation and changes of Volume. The chloride Ion is formed when the element Chlorine picks up one Electron to form an Anion (negatively-charged ion Cl&minus The solubility product, Ksp, for AgCl is 1. Solubility equilibrium is any type Chemical equilibrium between solid and dissolved states of a compound at saturation. 8 x 10-10, which indicates that one liter of water will dissolve 0. 000013 grams of AgCl. The chloride content of an aqueous solution can be determined quantitatively by weighing the precipitated AgCl, which conveniently is non-hygroscopic, since AgCl is one of the few transition metal chlorides that is unreactive toward water. Ions that interfere with this test are bromide and iodide, as well as a variety of ligands (see silver halide). A silver halide is one of the compounds formed between Silver and one of the Halogens &mdash Silver bromide (AgBr chloride For AgBr and AgI, the Ksp values are 5. 2 x 10-13 and 8. 3 x 10-17, respectively. The silver bromide (slightly yellowish white) and silver iodide (pale yellow) are also significantly more photosensitive than is AgCl. Silver bromide (AgBr a soft pale-yellow insoluble salt well known (along with other silver halides for its unusual sensitivity to light. Silver iodide ( Ag[[Iodine I]] is a Chemical compound used in Photography and as an Antiseptic in medicine
Applications
- Silver chloride is used to make photographic paper since it reacts with photons to form latent image and via photoreduction. Photographic paper is paper coated with Light -sensitive chemicals used for making Photographic prints Photographic paper differs from photo papers A latent image on Photographic film is an invisible image produced by the exposure of the film to Light.
- The Silver Chloride Electrode is a common reference electrode in electrochemistry. A silver chloride electrode is a type of Reference electrode, commonly used in electrochemical measurements Electrochemistry is a branch of Chemistry that studies Chemical reactions which take place in a Solution at the interface of an electron conductor
- Silver chloride's low solubility makes it a useful addition to pottery glazes for the production of "Inglaze lustre".
- Silver chloride has been used as an antidote for mercury poisoning, assisting in the elimination of mercury. Mercury poisoning (also known as mercurialism, hydrargyria, Hunter-Russell syndrome, or acrodynia when affecting children is a Disease Mercury (ˈmɜrkjʊri also called quicksilver or hydrargyrum, is a Chemical element with the symbol Hg ( Latinized hydrargyrum
- Silver chloride is often used in photochromic lenses, again taking advantage of its reversible conversion to Ag metal. Photochromic lenses are lenses that darken on exposure to UV radiation
- Silver chloride is used to create yellow, amber, and brown shades in stained glass manufacture. For the Blackford Oakes novel see Stained Glass (novel The term stained glass refers either to the material of coloured Glass or to the art
- Silver chloride is used in bandages and wound healing products.
Footnotes
- ^ Wells, A. F. (1984) Structural Inorganic Chemistry, Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-19-855370-6.
- ^ More info on Chlorine test: [1]
External links
- Silver Chloride Data Sheet
- Science Lab. com MSDS for silver chloride
- Salt Lake Metals. com MSDS for Silver Chloride
- Solubility of Silver Chloride in various solutions - plus Lab Notes
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