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The ancient theatre of Sicyon as it is today.
The ancient theatre of Sicyon as it is today.
For the modern municipality, see Sikyona. Sikyona (Σικυώνα is a municipality in Corinthia, Greece.

Sicyon was an ancient Greek city situated in the northern Peloponnesus between Corinth and Achaea. The term ancient Greece refers to the period of Greek history lasting from the Greek Dark Ages ca The Peloponnese or Peloponnesus ( Greek: Πελοπόννησος Pelopónnisos; see also List of Greek place names) is a large Peninsula Corinth, or Korinth ( Greek Κόρινθος ( is a city in Greece. Achaea (Αχαΐα Achaïa, axaˈia in Polytonic orthography) is an ancient province and a present prefecture of Greece, on the northern The king-list given by Pausanias[1] (comprises twenty-four kings, beginning with the autochthonous Aegialeus; the penultimate king of the list Agamemnon compels the submission of Sicyon to Mycenae; after him comes the Dorian usurper Phalces. Pausanias ( Greek:) was a Greek traveller and Geographer of the 2nd century CE, who lived in the times of Hadrian, Antoninus In Greek mythology, Agamemnon (very resolute / ( ancient Greek:) is a hero, the son of King Atreus of Mycenae "Lion Gate" redirects here For other uses see Lions' Gate (disambiguation. Pausanias shares his source with Castor of Rhodes, who used the king-list in compiling tables of history; the common source was convincingly identified by F. Jacoby[2] as a lost Sicyonica by the late fourth-century poet Menaechmus of Sicyon.

Alexanor, a son of Machaon and grandson of Aesculapius, built to his sire a temple at Titane in the territory of Sicyon. In Greek mythology, Machaon was a son of Asclepius. With Podalirius, his brother he led an army from Thessaly (or possibly Messenia Asclepius (pronounced /æsˈkliːpiːəs/, Greek, transliterated Asklēpiós; Latin Aesculapius) is the god of Medicine He himself too was worshipped there, and sacrifices were offered to him after sunset only. [3]).

Sicyon was built on a low triangular plateau about two miles from the Corinthian Gulf. In Geology and Earth science, a plateau, also called a high plateau or tableland, is an area of highland, usually consisting The Gulf of Corinth or the Corinthian Gulf is a deep inlet of the Ionian Sea separating the Peloponnese from western mainland Greece. Between the city and its port lay a fertile plain with olive groves and orchards. The Olive ( Olea europaea) is a Species of small Tree in the family Oleaceae, native to the coastal areas of the eastern After the Dorian invasion the community was divided into the ordinary three Dorian tribes and an equally privileged tribe of Ionians, besides which a class of serfs lived on and worked the land. The Dorian invasion is a concept devised by historians of Ancient Greece to explain the replacement of pre-classical dialects and traditions in southern Greece by

For some centuries, Sicyon remained subject to Argos, where its Dorian conquerors had come from; as late as 500 BC it acknowledged a certain suzerainty. Argos ( Greek: Ἄργος, Árgos ˈaɾɣos is a city in Greece in the Peloponnese near Nafplio, which was its historic harbor The 6th century BC started the first day of 600 BC and ended the last day of 501 BC. However, its virtual independence was established in the 7th century BC, when a line of tyrants arose and initiated an anti-Dorian policy. The 7th century BC started the first day of 700 BC and ended the last day of 601 BC. Chief of these rulers was the founder's grandson Cleisthenes, the uncle of the Athenian legislator Cleisthenes. Cleisthenes (also Clisthenes or Kleisthenes) was the tyrant of Sicyon, who aided in the First Sacred War against Kirrha that destroyed Cleisthenes (Κλεισθένης also Clisthenes or Kleisthenes) was a noble Athenian of the Alcmaeonid family Besides reforming the city's constitution to the advantage of the Ionians and replacing Dorian cults with the worship of Dionysus, Cleisthenes gained renown as the chief instigator and general of the First Sacred War (590 BC) in the interests of the Delphians. In Classical mythology, Dionysus or Dionysos (in Greek, Διόνυσος or Διώνυσος; associated with Roman The First Sacred War ( 595 BC - 585 BC) was fought between the Amphictyonic League of Delphi and the city of Kirrha. Events and trends 599 BC — Vardhamana Mahavira, last Tirthankar of Jainism is born

About this time, Sicyon developed the various industries for which it was noted in antiquity. As the abode of the sculptors Dipoenus and Scyllis it gained pre-eminence in woodcarving and bronze work such as is still to be seen in the archaic metal facings found at Olympia. Dipoenus and Scyllis were early ancient Greek sculptors from Crete who worked together and were said to have been pupils of Daedalus Olympia ( Greek: Olympí'a or Olýmpia, older transliterations Olimpia, Olimbia) a sanctuary of ancient Greece Its pottery, which resembled Corinthian ware, was exported with the latter as far as Etruria. Etruria &mdash usually referred to in Greek and Latin source texts as Tyrrhenia &mdash was a region of Central Italy, located in an area In Sicyon also the art of painting was supposed to have been invented. Painting (pān'tīng in Art, is the practice of applying Color to a Surface (support base such as e After the fall of the tyrants their institutions survived till the end of the 6th century BC, when Dorian supremacy was re-established, perhaps by the agency of Sparta, and the city was enrolled in the Peloponnesian League. The city of Sparta ( Doric Σπάρτα Attic Σπάρτη Henceforth, its policy was usually determined either by Sparta or Corinth.

In the 5th century BC Sicyon, like Corinth, suffered from the commercial rivalry of Athens in the western seas, and was repeatedly harassed by squadrons of Athenian ships. The 5th century BC started the first day of 500 BC and ended the last day of 401 BC. Athens (ˈæθənz Αθήνα Athina,) the Capital and largest city of Greece, dominates the Attica periphery as one of the world's In the Peloponnesian War Sicyon followed the lead of Sparta and Corinth. When these two powers quarrelled after the peace of Nicias it remained loyal to the Spartans. The Peace of Nicias was a peace Treaty signed between the Greek City-states of Athens and Sparta in the March of 421 BC, Again in the Corinthian war Sicyon sided with Sparta and became its base of operations against the allied troops round Corinth. In 369 it was captured and garrisoned by the Thebans in their successful attack on the Peloponnesian League. Events By place Greece After driving off the Spartan army that has threatened Mantinea, Epaminondas of Thebes Thebes ( Classic Greek Θῆβαι, Mod Θήβα) is a city in Greece, situated to the north of the Cithaeron range which divides During this period Sicyon reached its zenith as a centre of art: its school of painting gained fame under Eupompus and attracted the great masters Pamphilus and Apelles as students; its sculpture was raised to a level hardly surpassed in Greece by Lysippus and his pupils. Eupompus was the founder of the great school of painting which flourished in the 4th century BC at Sicyon in Ancient Greece. For other uses see Pamphilus. Pamphilus of Amphipolis ( Ancient Greek:, 4th century BC) was a Macedonian Lysippos (Λύσιππος was a Greek sculptor of the 4th century BC.

The destruction of Corinth (146) brought Sicyon an acquisition of territory and the presidency over the Isthmian games; yet in Cicero's time it had fallen deep into debt. The Isthmian Games or Isthmia ( Ancient Greek Ἴσθμια were one of the Panhellenic Games of Ancient Greece, and were named after the Marcus Tullius Cicero ( Classical Latin ˈkikeroː usually ˈsɪsərəʊ in English January 3, 106 BC &ndash December 7, 43 BC was a Roman Under the Roman empire it was quite obscured by the restored cities of Corinth and Patrae; in Pausanias' age (A. Patras ( Demotic Greek: Πάτρα, Pátra, ˈpatra Classical Greek: Πάτραι, Pátrai, Patrae is Greece Pausanias ( Greek:) was a Greek traveller and Geographer of the 2nd century CE, who lived in the times of Hadrian, Antoninus D. 150) it was almost desolate. In Byzantine times it became a bishop's seat, and to judge by its later name Hellas it served as a refuge for the Greeks from the Slavonic immigrants of the 8th century.

The village of Vasiliko (described by the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica as "insignificant") now occupies the site. Vasiliko (Greek Βασιλικό may refer to the following places in Greece Vasiliko Achaea, a village in Achaea Vasiliko Euboea

This is one of the historical sites least visited by tourists in Greece. As of 2006, entry to all areas except the small museum is unrestricted. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.

Notable people

References

  1. ^ Pausanias 2. Butades of Sicyon, sometimes mistakenly called Dibutades, was the first Ancient Greek modeller in Clay. The 7th century BC started the first day of 700 BC and ended the last day of 601 BC. Canachus was a sculptor of Sicyon in Achaea, of the latter part of the 6th century BCE. The 6th century BC started the first day of 600 BC and ended the last day of 501 BC. Aristocles ( Greek:) is a name attributed to two sculptors in Ancient Greece, as well as a nominal hereditary school of sculpture started by the elder Aristocles The 5th century BC started the first day of 500 BC and ended the last day of 401 BC. Eupompus was the founder of the great school of painting which flourished in the 4th century BC at Sicyon in Ancient Greece. The 4th century BC started the first day of 400 BC and ended the last day of 301 BC. Melanthius was a notable ancient Greek painter of the 4th century BC. Pausias ( Greek: Παυσίας was an ancient Greek painter of the first half of the 4th century, of the school of Sicyon. Eutychides of Sicyon in Achæa, Greek sculptor of the latter part of the 4th century BC, was a pupil of Lysippus. Lysippos (Λύσιππος was a Greek sculptor of the 4th century BC. Lysistratus was a Greek sculptor of the 4th century BC, brother of Lysippus of Sicyon. Xenokrates of Sicyon (fl c 280 BC) was an ancient Greek sculptor and writer and one of the world's first art historians. The 3rd century BC started the first day of 300 BC and ended the last day of 201 BC The 4th century BC started the first day of 400 BC and ended the last day of 301 BC. Pankration (Παγκράτιο(ν Pagkratio(n,) is a Martial arts sport introduced to the Greek Olympic Games in 648 BC and Aratus (271 BC - 213 BC was a Statesman of the ancient Greek City-state of Sicyon in the 3rd century BC The 3rd century BC started the first day of 300 BC and ended the last day of 201 BC 5. 6-6. 7.
  2. ^ F. Jacoby on Castor in Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker 250 F 2, noted with approval by Robertson 1999:65 and note 36.
  3. ^ Pausanias 2. 23. 4, 11. 6, &c.

External links

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