| Shiprock | |
|---|---|
 Shiprock |
|
| Elevation | 7,177 feet (2,188 m) |
| Location | New Mexico, USA |
| Prominence | 1,583 ft (482 m) |
| Coordinates | |
| Topo map | USGS Ship Rock Quadrangle |
| Type | Volcanic breccia and minette |
| First ascent | 1939 by David R. Brower, Raffi Bedayn, Bestor Robinson, John Dyer[1] |
| Easiest route | technical rock climb[2] |
Shiprock, or Shiprock Peak or Ship Rock (Navajo: Tsé Bit'a'í, "rock with wings" or "winged rock"[3]) is a rock formation rising nearly 1,800 feet (550 m) above the high-desert plain on the Navajo reservation, about 12 miles (19 km) southwest of the northern New Mexico town of Shiprock, which is named for the peak. In topography a summit is a point on a surface which is higher in Elevation than all points immediately adjacent to A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International New Mexico ( is a state located in the southwestern region of the United States of America. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. A topographic map is a type of Map characterized by large-scale detail and quantitative representation of relief, usually using Contour lines in modern The United States Geological Survey ( USGS) is a scientific agency of the United States government. Mountains can be characterized in several ways Some mountains are Volcanoes and can be characterized by the type of lava and eruptive history Breccia (ˈbrɛtʃiə ˈbrɛʃiə breach is a rock composed of angular fragments of several Minerals or rocks in a matrix, that is a cementing material Minette is a variety of Igneous rock. More specifically minette is a type of Lamprophyre with Phenocrysts of Biotite, and with or without phenocrysts In Climbing, a first ascent (FA is the first modern recorded climb to reach the top of a Mountain, or the first to follow a particular Climbing route David Ross Brower ( July 1, 1912 &ndash November 5, 2000) was a prominent environmentalist and the founder of many environmental organizations A climbing route is a path by which a climber reaches the top of a Mountain, rock or ice wall Navajo or Navaho ( native name: Diné bizaad) is an Athabaskan language (of Na-Dené stock spoken in the southwest United States by The Navajo Nation ( Diné in the Navajo language) is a semi- autonomous Native American homeland covering about 26000 square miles (67339 square New Mexico ( is a state located in the southwestern region of the United States of America. Shiprock ( Navajo: Naatʼáanii Nééz) is a Census-designated place (CDP in San Juan County, New Mexico, United States
Name
The name "Shiprock" derives from the peak's resemblance to an enormous 19th-century clipper ship. A clipper was a very fast Sailing ship of the 19th century that had multiple masts and a Square rig. However Anglos first called the peak "The Needle," a name given to the topmost pinnacle by Captain J. The term Anglo is used as a prefix to indicate a relation to the Angles, England or the English people, as in the phrases ' Anglo-Saxon ' ' F. McComb in 1860. [4] USGS maps indicate that the name Ship Rock dates from the 1870s. The United States Geological Survey ( USGS) is a scientific agency of the United States government. [5][4]
The Navajo name Tsé Bit'a'í for the peak refers to the legend of the great bird that brought them from the north to their present lands. [5][4]
Religious and cultural significance
The peak and surrounding land are of great religious and historical significance to the Navajo People. Foremost is the peak's role as the agent that brought the Navajo to the southwest. According to the legend, after being transported, the Navajos lived on the monolith, "coming down only to plant their fields and get water. "[4] One day, the peak was struck by lightning, obliterating the trail and leaving only a sheer cliff, and stranding the women and children on top to starve. This gives one reason that Navajos do not approve of anyone climbing the peak, "for fear they might stir up the chį́įdii (ghosts), or rob their corpses. "[4]
In a legend that puts the peak in a larger geographic context, Shiprock is said to be either a medicine pouch or a bow carried by the "Goods of Value Mountain", a large mythic male figure comprising several mountain features throughout the region. The Chuska Mountains comprise the body, Chuska Peak is the head, the Carrizo Mountains are the legs, and Beautiful Mountain is the feet. The Chuska Mountains are an elongate range on the Colorado Plateau and within the Navajo Nation. The Carrizo Mountains (36°50' N 109°7'W are a small range 15 to 20 km (9 to 12 miles in diameter located on the Colorado Plateau in northeastern Arizona Beinn Bhreagh is the name given to the estate of Alexander Graham Bell and his descendants located in Victoria County, Nova Scotia. [4]
One legend has it that Bird Monsters (Tsé Ninájálééh) nested on the peak and fed on human flesh. In one version, after Monster Slayer destroyed Déélééd at Red Mesa, he killed two adult Bird Monsters at Shiprock and changed two young ones into an eagle and an owl. [4] (In another version, the Warrior Twins were summoned to rid the Navajo of the Bird Monsters. [6])
The peak is mentioned in stories from the Enemy Side Ceremony and the Navajo Mountain Chant. It is associated with the Bead Chant and the Naayee'ee Ceremony. [4]
Geology
Shiprock is composed of fractured volcanic breccia and black dikes of igneous rock called "minette". Plate tectonics and hotspots Divergent plate boundaries At the Breccia (ˈbrɛtʃiə ˈbrɛʃiə breach is a rock composed of angular fragments of several Minerals or rocks in a matrix, that is a cementing material A dike or dyke in Geology is a type of Sheet intrusion referring to any geologic body that cuts Discordantly ' across planar Igneous rocks (etymology from Latin ignis, fire are rocks formed by solidification of cooled Magma (molten rock Minette is a variety of Igneous rock. More specifically minette is a type of Lamprophyre with Phenocrysts of Biotite, and with or without phenocrysts It is the erosional remnant of the throat of a volcano, and the volcanic breccia formed in a diatreme. A diatreme is a breccia filled Volcanic pipe that was formed by a gaseous explosion The exposed rock probably was originally formed 2,500-3000 feet (750-1,000 meters) below the earth's surface, but it was exposed after millions of years of erosion. Wall-like sheets of minette, known as dikes, radiate away from the central formation. A dike or dyke in Geology is a type of Sheet intrusion referring to any geologic body that cuts Discordantly ' across planar Radiometric age determinations of the minette establish that these volcanic rocks solidified about 27 million years ago. Radiometric dating (often called radioactive dating) is a technique used to date materials usually based on a comparison between the observed abundance of a naturally occurring Ship Rock is in the northeastern part of the Navajo Volcanic Field; the field includes intrusions and flows of minette and other unusual igneous rocks that formed about 25 million years ago. Agathla, also called El Capitan, is another prominent volcanic neck of this field. El Capitan, also called Agathla by the Navajo people, is a peak south of Monument Valley, Arizona, over 1500 feet (457 meters high [7] [8]
Climbing history and legal status
Rockclimbers see Shiprock as an interesting place to climb. The first ascent was in 1939, by a Sierra Club party including David Brower. Mission statement To explore enjoy and protect the wild places of the earth To practice and promote the responsible use of the earth's ecosystems and resources To educate and David Ross Brower ( July 1, 1912 &ndash November 5, 2000) was a prominent environmentalist and the founder of many environmental organizations (There was a widespread rumor of a $1000 prize for climbing the peak, which inspired "dozens of attempts by the experienced and inexperienced alike. "[1]) Since then at least seven routes have been climbed on the peak, all of them of great technical difficulty. A modification of the original route is still regarded as the easiest, and it is rated at Grade IV, YDS 5.9, A1. In Rock climbing, Mountaineering and other Climbing disciplines climbers give a climbing grade to a route that concisely describes the difficulty The Yosemite Decimal System is a numerical system for rating the difficulty of walks hikes and climbs primarily used for Mountaineering in the United States and [1]
It is not clear if recreational climbing is legal or appropriate, given the peak's importance in Navajo religion and culture. The idea of climbing Shiprock is repugnant to many Navajo people. [4] Shiprock is governed by the Navajo Nation. Some sources report that climbing the peak was declared illegal in 1970. [5] A report in 2000, from a person denied a climbing permit, noted that there had been a resolution passed as a result of a recent climbing accident on Shiprock encouraging the authorities not to give out permits. [9] However it was unclear if this became law.
In Film
The 2002 film "Rocks With Wings," directed by Rick Derby, follows the Navajo members of the Lady Chieftains, the girls' basketball team from Shiprock High School, as they struggle with a new (black) coach, their own expectations, and those of their community and the "Anglo" world around them. Shiprock ( Navajo: Naatʼáanii Nééz) is a Census-designated place (CDP in San Juan County, New Mexico, United States The 2007 movie "Transformers" showed the landmark in the scene where the special forces team is making their way to the village of the young translator.
In Fiction
Tony Hillerman's mystery novel The Fallen Man centers on the discovery of a long-dead climber found atop Shiprock. Tony Hillerman (born 27 May 1925 is an award-winning American author of Detective novels and non-fiction works Hillerman touches on the conflict of attitudes and values between the climbers and the Navajo people. Also, the Helgrind of Christopher Paolini's novels is based on it. Christopher Paolini (born November 17 1983 in Southern California) is an American writer
References
- ^ a b c Audrey Selkeld, editor, World Mountaineering, Bulfinch, 1998.
- ^ Climbing Shiprock may be prohibited; see the History section.
- ^ Wall, Leon; William Morgan (1958/1994). Navajo-English Dictionary. New York: Hippocrene. ISBN 0-7818-0247-4.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Laurance D. Linford, Navajo Places: history, legend, landscape, University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City, 2000, ISBN 0-87840-623-2, p. 264-265.
- ^ a b c Butterfield, Mike, and Greene, Peter, Mike Butterfield's Guide to the Mountains of New Mexico, New Mexico Magazine Press, 2006, ISBN 978-0-937206-88-1
- ^ Shiprock on Dark Isle
- ^ Steven C. Semken, The Navajo Volcanic Field, in Volcanology in New Mexico, New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 18, p. 79-83, 2001. ISSN 1524-4156
- ^ Paul T. Delaney, Ship Rock, New Mexico: The vent of a violent volcanic eruption, Geological Society of America Centennial Field Guide -- Rocky Mountain Section, p 411-415, 1987.
- ^ Jim Beyer, "Shiprock", American Alpine Journal, 2000, p. 192.
See also
Images
 Ship Rock and associated dikes, in a cropped, marked, and lower-resolution image from original by NASA Visible Earth. A volcanic plug, also called a volcanic neck or lava neck, is a volcanic landform created when Lava hardens within a Vent on Navajo Mythology is a system of beliefs that is enormously rich and expressive as well as complex with many tales This image was acquired by an ASTER sensor and colors are not photo-like. |
 Shiprock |
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