A shield volcano is a large volcano with shallow-sloping sides. Plate tectonics and hotspots Divergent plate boundaries At the The name derives from a translation of "Skjaldbreiður", an Icelandic shield volcano whose name means "broad shield," from its resemblance to a warrior's shield. Skjaldbreiður, meaning the broad shield in Icelandic, is an Icelandic mountain from whose name the term " Shield volcano " derives Shield volcanoes are formed by lava flows of low viscosity — lava that flows easily. Lava is molten rock expelled by a Volcano during an eruption When first expelled from a volcanic vent it is a Liquid at Temperatures Viscosity is a measure of the resistance of a Fluid which is being deformed by either Shear stress or Extensional stress. Consequently, a volcanic mountain having a broad profile is built up over time by a flow after flow of relatively fluid basaltic lava issuing from vents or fissures on the surface of the volcano. Basalt (bəˈsɔːlt ˈbeisɔːlt ˈbæsɔːlt is a common Extrusive Volcanic rock. Many of the largest volcanoes on Earth are shield volcanoes. EARTH was a short-lived Japanese vocal trio which released 6 singles and 1 album between 2000 and 2001 The largest in terms of area covered is Mauna Loa of Hawaii; the tallest measured from its base under the ocean, however, is Mauna Kea of Hawaii. Mauna Loa is the largest volcano on earth and one of five volcanoes that form the Island of Hawaii in the U The State of Hawaii ( or həˈwaɪʔiː Hawaiian: Mokuāina o Hawaii) is a state in the United States located on an Archipelago in the Mauna Kea is a Dormant volcano in the Hawaiian Islands, one of five volcanoes which together form the Island of Hawaii. All the volcanoes in the Hawaiian Islands are shield volcanoes. The Hawaiian Islands, once known as the Sandwich Islands, form an Archipelago of 19 Islands and Atolls numerous smaller Shield volcanoes can be so large that they are sometimes considered to be a mountain range, such as the Ilgachuz Range and the Rainbow Range, both of which are located in Canada. A mountain range is a chain of Mountains bordered by highlands or separated from other mountains by passes or valleys The Ilgachuz Range is a name given to an extinct Shield volcano in British Columbia, Canada. The Rainbow Range is a Mountain range in British Columbia, Canada, located northwest of Anahim Lake. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page These shield volcanoes formed when the North American Plate moved over a hotspot similar to the one feeding the Hawaiian Islands, called the Anahim hotspot. The North American Plate is a Tectonic plate covering most of North America, Greenland and part of Siberia. In Geology, a hotspot is a location on the Earth's surface that has experienced active volcanism for a long period of time The Hawaiian Islands, once known as the Sandwich Islands, form an Archipelago of 19 Islands and Atolls numerous smaller The Anahim hotspot is a volcanic hotspot in central British Columbia, Canada. Shield volcanoes can be found in many places around the world, including Australia, Ethiopia, and the Galapagos Islands. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. NOTE This intro is the result of careful NPOV work Please do not make potentially controversial edits to it without first discussing on the talk page The Piton de la Fournaise, on Reunion Island, is one of the most active shield volcanoes on earth, with one eruption per year on average. Piton de la Fournaise ( French) "Peak of the Furnace" is a Shield volcano on the eastern side of Réunion island (a French territory Réunion ( French: Réunion or formally La Réunion; previously Île Bourbon) is an island located in the Indian Ocean, east of
The viscosity of magma as it approaches the surface is dependent on its temperature and composition. Magma (Plurals magmas and magmata) is molten rock that sometimes forms beneath the surface of the Earth (or any other Terrestrial planet Shield volcanoes in the Hawaiian Islands erupt magma as hot as 1,200 °C (2,200 °F), compared with 850 °C (1,560 °F) for most continental volcanoes, which are usually composed of acidic lava. Igneous rocks (etymology from Latin ignis, fire are rocks formed by solidification of cooled Magma (molten rock Because of the fluidity of the lava, major explosive eruptions do not occur. The most severe explosions occur if water enters a vent, although expanding gases in the magma can produce spectacular fountaining of the low viscosity lava.
Shield volcanoes are known to form on other planets. The largest known mountain in the solar system, Olympus Mons on Mars, is a shield volcano thought to be dormant. Olympus Mons ( Latin for "Mount Olympus" is the highest known Volcano and Mountain in the Solar System. Shield volcanoes on Mars are higher and much more massive than those on Earth, likely due to lack of tectonic plates on Mars. Plate tectonics (from Greek τέκτων tektōn "builder" or "mason" describes the large scale motions of Earth 's Lithosphere
On Earth, because of plate tectonics, hotspot volcanoes eventually move away from the source of their magma and the volcanoes are individually less massive than might otherwise be the case. Plate tectonics (from Greek τέκτων tektōn "builder" or "mason" describes the large scale motions of Earth 's Lithosphere Shield volcanoes usually occur along constructive boundaries or above hotspots. In Plate tectonics, a divergent boundary or divergent plate boundary (also known as a constructive boundary or an extensional boundary) is a However, the numerous large shield volcanoes of the Cascades of northern California and Oregon are over a more complex environment. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. Oregon ( is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States.
For more information on volcanoes go to Strato volcano or cinder cone volcano
Examples
- Mount Edziza (British Columbia, Canada)
- Mauna Kea (Hawaii, US)
- Mauna Loa (Hawaii, US)
- Ilgachuz Range (British Columbia, Canada)
- Rainbow Range (British Columbia, Canada)
- Itcha Range (British Columbia, Canada)
- Kilauea (Hawaii, US)
- Menengai (Mengenai, Ethiopia)
- Medicine Lake Volcano (California, US)
- Lunar dome (Moon)
- Mount Moulton (Marie Byrd Land, Antarctica)
- Mount Andrus (Marie Byrd Land, Antarctica)
- Indian Heaven (Washington, US)
- Mount Warning (or the Tweed Volcano), (New South Wales, Australia)
- Verkhovoy (Kamchatka, Russia)
- Olympus Mons (Mars)
- Level Mountain Range (British Columbia, Canada)
- Lord Howe Island (Pacific Ocean, Australia)
- Mount Sanford (Alaska, US)
- Mount Elgon (Uganda/Kenya)
- Three Fingered Jack (Oregon, US)
- Kohala (Hawaii, US)
- Mount Berlin (Antarctica)
- Queen Mary's Peak (Atlantic ocean)
References
- List of shield volcanoes
- Photo glossary of volcano terms - USGS
- Shield volcanoes - USGS Cascades Volcano Observatory
- Shield Volcanoes - Volcano World
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