Shaanxi Province
Chinese : 陕西省 Shǎnxī Shěng
Abbreviations: 陕 or 秦  (pinyin: Shǎn or Qín)
Origin of name	陕 shǎn - Shanzhou (now Shan County, Henan) 西 xī - west "west of Shanzhou"
Administration type	Province
Capital (and largest city)	Xi'an
CPC Ctte Secretary	Zhao Leji
Governor	Yuan Chunqing
Area	205,800 km² (79,500 sq mi) (11th)
Population (2004)  - Density	37,050,000 (17th) 180 /km² (470 /sq mi) (21st)
GDP (2006)  - per capita	CNY 438. Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use Henan ( is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the central part of the country A province, in the context of China, is a translation of sheng ( which is an administrative division UserEl_C --> Xi'an ( Postal map spelling: Sian is the Capital of the Shaanxi province in the The Communist Party of China ( CPC) ( also known as the Chinese Communist Party ( CCP) is the founding and ruling political party of the A committee (some of which are titled instead as a "Commission" or other terms discussed below in) is a type of small Deliberative assembly that is usually intended Zhao Leji ( Chinese: 赵乐际 born 1957 is a Chinese statesman and politician Yuan Chunqing ( Chinese 袁纯清 March 1952 - is the current governor of Shaanxi Province in the People's Republic of China, and the vice Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. This is a list of the first-level administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China (PRC including all provinces autonomous regions special administrative In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume This is a list of the first-level administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China (PRC including all provinces autonomous regions municipalities This articles lists of the first-level administrative divisions of People's Republic of China (P Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. 4 billion (20th) CNY 11,762 (22nd)
HDI (2005)	0. This is a list of the first-level administrative divisions of Mainland China (including all provinces autonomous regions and municipalities in order of their total Gross This is a list of the first-level administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China (PRC including all provinces autonomous regions and municipalities in order of The Human Development Index ( HDI) is an index combining normalized measures of Life expectancy, Literacy, Educational attainment, and GDP Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. 729 (medium) (23rd)
Major nationalities	Han - 99. The following is a list of ethnic groups in China where "China" is taken to mean areas controlled by either of the two states using "China" in their formal Han Chinese ( are an Ethnic group native to China and by most modern definitions the largest single Ethnic group in the world. 5% Hui - 0. The Hui people ( Xiao'erjing: حُوِ ذَو) are a Chinese ethnic group, typically distinguished by their practice of Islam. 4%
Prefecture-level	10 divisions
County-level	107 divisions
Township-level†	1745 divisions
ISO 3166-2	CN-61
Official website www.shaanxi.gov.cn (Simplified Chinese)
Source for population and GDP data: 《中国统计年鉴—2005》 China Statistical Yearbook 2005 ISBN 7503747382 Source for nationalities data: 《2000年人口普查中国民族人口资料》 Tabulation on nationalities of 2000 population census of China ISBN 7105054255 † As at December 31, 2004

Shaanxi (help·info) (simplified Chinese: 陕西; traditional Chinese: 陝西; pinyin: Shǎnxī; Wade-Giles: Shan-hsi; Postal map spelling: Shensi) is a north-central province of the People's Republic of China, and includes portions of the Loess Plateau on the middle reaches of the Yellow River as well as the Qinling Mountains across the southern part of the province. Prefecture, in the context of China, is used to refer to several unrelated political divisions in both ancient and modern China. In the context of Political divisions of China, county is the standard English translation of 县 ( xiàn) Township ( is the basic level of political divisions in China. ISO 3166-2 is the second part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO Events 406 – Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gallia. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use Wade-Giles (ˌweɪdˈʤaɪlz) sometimes abbreviated Wade, is a Romanization system (phonetic notation and Transcription) for the Mandarin Chinese Postal Map Romanization ( Traditional Chinese: 郵政式拼音 Simplified Chinese: 邮政式拼音 Pinyin: Yóuzhèngshì Pīnyīn refers to the See also Administrative divisions of the Republic of China Due to China 's large Population and area the political divisions of China have consisted Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES The Loess Plateau ( also known as the Huangtu Plateau is a Plateau that covers an area of some 640000 km² in the upper and middle of China 's The Yellow River or Huang He / Hwang Ho ( Hatan Gol Queen river) is the second-longest river in China (after the Yangtze River) and the The Qinling Mountains ( are a major Mountain range located mainly in the Eastern province of Shaanxi, in China.

By regular Hanyu Pinyin rules, if tone marks are not written, both Shaanxi and the neighbouring province of Shanxi should be spelled "Shanxi"; the difference is in tone: Shānxī and Shǎnxī. Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use ( Postal map spelling: Shansi) is a province in the northern part of the People's Republic of China. To make the difference clear without tonal marks, the spelling "Shaanxi" was contrived (following the romanization system of Yuen Ren Chao) for the province of Shǎnxī, while "Shanxi" is used for the province of Shānxī. Gwoyeu Romatzyh (literally "National Romanization " abbreviated GR, is a system for writing Mandarin Chinese in the Latin alphabet Yuen Ren Chao (1892 &ndash 1982 was a Chinese American linguist and Amateur Composer. It is also the official spelling on Chinese Government's official web portal.

Contents 1 History 2 Geography 3 Administration 4 Politics 5 Economy 6 Demographics 7 Culture 8 Tourism 9 Media 10 Miscellaneous topics 11 See also 12 References 13 External links

History

See also: Chang'an, Zhou Dynasty, Qin Dynasty, Han Dynasty, Sui Dynasty, and Tang Dynasty

Shaanxi is considered one of the cradles of Chinese civilization. Chang'an ( is an ancient Capital of more than ten dynasties in Chinese history. The Zhou Dynasty ( POJ: Chiu Tiau 1122 BC to 256 BC was preceded by the Shang Dynasty and followed by the Qin Dynasty in China. Not to be confused with the Qing Dynasty, the last dynasty of China The Han Dynasty ( 206 BC–220 AD followed the Qin Dynasty and preceded the Three Kingdoms in China. The Sui Dynasty ( 581 - 618 AD and in the undertaking of other construction projects including the reconstruction of the Great Wall. The Tang Dynasty ( Middle Chinese: dhɑng (June 18 618&ndashJune 4 907 was an imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui Dynasty and followed by Thirteen feudal dynasties established their capitals in the province during a span of more than 1,100 years, from the Zhou Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty.

The province's principal city and current capital, Xi'an, is one of the four great ancient capitals of China and is the eastern terminus of the Silk Road, which leads to Europe, Arabia and Africa. UserEl_C --> Xi'an ( Postal map spelling: Sian is the Capital of the Shaanxi province in the The Chinese phrase Four Great Ancient Capitals of China ( traditionally refers to Beijing, Nanjing, Luoyang, and Chang'an ( Xi'an The Silk Road, or Silk Routes, are an extensive interconnected network of Trade routes across the Asian continent connecting East South and Western Asia with the The Arabian Peninsula (in Arabic: شبه الجزيرة العربية šibh al-jazīra al-ʻarabīya or جزيرة العرب jazīrat al-ʻarab)

Under the Han Dynasty, the Northern Silk Road was expanded to advance exploration and military purposes to the west. The Northern Silk Road is a Prehistoric Trackway in northern China originating in the early capital of Xi'an and extending north of the This Northern Silk Road is the northernmost of the Silk Roads and is about 2600 kilometres in length. The Silk Road, or Silk Routes, are an extensive interconnected network of Trade routes across the Asian continent connecting East South and Western Asia with the It connected the ancient Chinese capital of Xi'an to the west over the Wushao Ling Pass to Wuwei and emerging in Kashgar before linking to ancient Parthia. Wuwei is located in northwest central Gansu province In the north it borders Inner Mongolia, in the southwest Qinghai. Kashgar or Kashi (officially transliterated as Kaxgar in Uyghur; قەشقەر/K̡ǝxk̡ǝr, is an Oasis Parthia ( Middle Persian: اشکانیان Ashkâniân) was an Iranian civilization situated in the northeastern part of modern Iran ^[1]

Under the Ming dynasty, Shaanxi was incorporated into Gansu but was again separated in the Qing dynasty. The Ming Dynasty ( or Empire of the Great Ming ( was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol -led ( is a province located in the northwest of the People's Republic of China. Not to be confused with Qin Dynasty, the first dynasty of Imperial China

One of the most devastating earthquakes in history occurred near Hua Shan, in south-eastern part of Shaanxi Province on January 23, 1556, killing an estimated 830,000 people (see 1556 Shaanxi earthquake). An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth 's crust that creates Seismic waves Earthquakes are recorded with a Seismometer Hua Shan (Simplified 华山 Traditional 華山 PinyinHuà Shān is located in the Shaanxi Province, about 100 kilometres east of the city of Xi'an, near Events 393 - Roman Emperor Theodosius I proclaims his nine year old son Honorius co-emperor

The end of the short-lived Jiangxi Soviet signalled the beginning of the Long March by Mao Zedong and the Chinese Communists to the Shaanxi Soviet at Yan'an. The Chinese Soviet Republic ( it is also translated as the Soviet Republic of China or the China Soviet Republic, though it is generally referred to in The Long March ( was a massive Military retreat undertaken by the Red Armies of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP the forerunner of the People's Liberation Mao Zedong ( 26 December 1893 – 9 September 1976) was a Chinese Military and political leader who led The Communist Party of China ( CPC) ( also known as the Chinese Communist Party ( CCP) is the founding and ruling political party of the Yan'an ( is a city in the Shanbei region of Shaanxi province in China.

Geography

Desert in the north along the border with Inner Mongolia, the Loess Plateau in the central part of the province, the Qinling mountains running east to west in the south central part, and subtropical climate south of the Qinling mountains. A desert is a Landscape or region that receives very little precipitation. Inner Mongolia ( Mongolian:, Öbür mongɣul; occasionally romanized to Nei Mongol is the Mongol

The northern part of Shaanxi is cold in the winter and very hot in summer with dry winter and spring. Its southern portion generally receives more rain. Annual mean temperature is roughly between 9°C and 16°C with January temperature ranging from −11°C to 3. The Celsius Temperature scale was previously known as the centigrade scale. 5°C and July temperature ranging from 21°C to 28°C.

Other cities include: Baoji, Hanzhong, Lintong, Tongchuan, Xianyang, Yan'an, Ankang. Baoji (宝鸡 Pinyin: bǎo jī is a Prefecture-level city in southwest Shaanxi province, China. Hanzhong ( is a city in Shaanxi province in central China. Population (2004 approx Lintong ( is a city in the Shaanxi Province of China. The Terracotta Army and the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor was discovered in Tóngchuān (铜川 pinyin: Tóngchuān Shì is a Prefecture-level city located in central Shaanxi Province on the southern fringe of the Northern Shaanxi This article is related to a city for the airport located in the city see Xi'an Xianyang International Airport Xianyang ( Sienyang Hsienyang Yan'an ( is a city in the Shanbei region of Shaanxi province in China. History The first known record of Ankang in history happened when it was placed into Xicheng prefecture (西城县 of Hanchong County (汉中郡 during the Qin dynasty

Administration

Shaanxi consists of nine prefecture-level cities and one sub-provincial city:

The prefecture-level cities:

• Ankang (安康 | Ānkāng Shì)
• Baoji (宝鸡 | Baoji Shì)
• Hanzhong (汉中 | Hànzhōng Shì)
• Shangluo (商洛 | Shāngluò Shì)
• Tongchuan (铜川 | Tóngchuān Shì)
• Weinan (渭南 | Wèinán Shì)
• Xianyang (咸阳 | Xiányáng Shì)
• Yan'an (延安 | Yán'ān Shì)
• Yulin (榆林 | Yúlín Shì)

The sub-province-level city:

• Xi'an (西安 | Xī'ān Shì)

See List of administrative divisions of Shaanxi for a complete list of county-level divisions. A prefecture-level city ( or prefecture-level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and History The first known record of Ankang in history happened when it was placed into Xicheng prefecture (西城县 of Hanchong County (汉中郡 during the Qin dynasty Baoji (宝鸡 Pinyin: bǎo jī is a Prefecture-level city in southwest Shaanxi province, China. Hanzhong ( is a city in Shaanxi province in central China. Population (2004 approx Shangluo ( Chinese: 商洛 Pinyin: Shāngluò is a Prefecture-level city in Shaanxi province of the People's Republic of China. Tóngchuān (铜川 pinyin: Tóngchuān Shì is a Prefecture-level city located in central Shaanxi Province on the southern fringe of the Northern Shaanxi Weinan ( is a Prefecture-level city in the People's Republic of China province Shaanxi. This article is related to a city for the airport located in the city see Xi'an Xianyang International Airport Xianyang ( Sienyang Hsienyang Yan'an ( is a city in the Shanbei region of Shaanxi province in China. Yulin (榆林 Pinyin: Yúlín is a Prefecture-level city in the Shaanxi province of the People's Republic of China. UserEl_C --> Xi'an ( Postal map spelling: Sian is the Capital of the Shaanxi province in the Shaanxi, a province of the People's Republic of China, is made up of the following administrative divisions: 10 prefecture-level In the context of Political divisions of China, county is the standard English translation of 县 ( xiàn)

Politics

Main article: Politics of Shaanxi

The politics of Shaanxi is structured in a dual party-government system like all other governing institutions in mainland China. The politics of Shaanxi Province in the People's Republic of China is structured in a dual party-government system like all other governing institutions in Mainland

The Governor of Shaanxi is the highest ranking official in the People's Government of Shaanxi. The politics of Shaanxi Province in the People's Republic of China is structured in a dual party-government system like all other governing institutions in Mainland However, in the province's dual party-government governing system, the Governor is considered to have less power than the Shaanxi Communist Party of China Provincial Committee Secretary (中共陕西省委书记), colloquially termed the "Shaanxi CPC Party Chief"; since the Governor is always ranked as the First-Deputy Secretary in the Shaanxi Communist Party of China Provincial Committee. The Communist Party of China ( CPC) ( also known as the Chinese Communist Party ( CCP) is the founding and ruling political party of the In the Politics of the People's Republic of China, a party chief (Chinese 党委书记 variously called a party boss, and officially termed the Communist Party

Shaanxi was established as a provincial government since Qing Dynasty. Not to be confused with Qin Dynasty, the first dynasty of Imperial China In 10 January 1950, the People's Government of Shaanxi was established in Xi'an. UserEl_C --> Xi'an ( Postal map spelling: Sian is the Capital of the Shaanxi province in the Ma Minfang was then appointed as the first Governor of Shaanxi.

Economy

Shaanxi's nominal GDP for 2006 was 438. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. 4 RMB (56. 7 billion USD) and GDP Per Capita was 11,762 RMB (1,516 USD). It ranked 22nd in the PRC.

Demographics

Nearly all the people in Shaanxi are ethnic Han Chinese, with pockets of Hui population in the north western region (adjacent to Ningxia). Han Chinese ( are an Ethnic group native to China and by most modern definitions the largest single Ethnic group in the world. The Hui people ( Xiao'erjing: حُوِ ذَو) are a Chinese ethnic group, typically distinguished by their practice of Islam. The southern part of Shaanxi, known as Guanzhong, where the provincial capital Xi'an is located, is more populated compared to the northern part. Guanzhong ( 關中) ( lit Center of Passes or Guanzhong Plain historically refers to an area that was closed by Hangu Pass to the east Dasan Pass

Culture

• Qinqiang, the representative folk opera of Shaanxi. Qinqiang (秦腔 Pinyin: Qínqiāng or Luantan ( 亂彈, Pinyin: Luàntán is the representative folk Chinese opera of the northwest

Tourism

• Banpo Neolithic village, near Xi'an
• Daqin Pagoda
• Imperial mausoleums
  • Zhao Mausoleum
• Huashan (Mount Hua), one of the five most famous mountains in China. Banpo (半坡 is an archaeological site first discovered in 1953 and located in the Yellow River Valley just east of Xi'an, China. Daqin Pagoda (大秦塔 in Chang'an, Shaanxi Province located by Louguan temple China, is the remnant of the earliest surviving Christian Zhao Mausoleum (昭陵 Pinyin: Zhāolíng "Zhao" means the light of the sun is the mausoleum of Emperor Taizong of Tang ( 599 - 649 Hua Shan (Simplified 华山 Traditional 華山 PinyinHuà Shān is located in the Shaanxi Province, about 100 kilometres east of the city of Xi'an, near
• Taibaishan (Mount Taibai), the highest peak of the Qinling Range. The Qinling Mountains ( are a major Mountain range located mainly in the Eastern province of Shaanxi, in China.
• Mausoleum and Terracotta Army Museum of the First Qin Emperor in Xi'an (World Heritage Site)
• The city of Xi'an: City Walls, Great Mosque, Bell Tower and Drum Tower, Forest of Stone Steles Museum, Shaanxi History Museum, Wild Goose Pagoda
• Yan'an, the destination of the Long March and the center of Chinese Communist revolution from 1935 to 1948
• Biang Biang Noodles, one of the "ten strange wonders of Shaanxi" (陝西十大怪)

Media

• Shaanxi Radio serves Xi'an and the surrounding Shaanxi province area with music, and news. The Terracotta Army ( are the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shi Huang the First Emperor of China. Qin Shi Huang ( (259 BC – September 10 210 BC personal name Yíng Zhèng, was king of the Chinese State of Qin from 247 BCE to 221 BCE (during the A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a site (such as a Forest, Mountain, Lake, Desert, Monument, Building, complex UserEl_C --> Xi'an ( Postal map spelling: Sian is the Capital of the Shaanxi province in the Stele Forest (碑林 Pinyin: Bēilín aka Xi'an Stele Forest Museum or Xi'an Beilin Museum, is a Museum for steles and Stone Shaanxi History Museum, which located to the northwest of the Giant Wild Goose Pagoda in the ancient city Xi'an, in the Shaanxi province of China Yan'an ( is a city in the Shanbei region of Shaanxi province in China. The Long March ( was a massive Military retreat undertaken by the Red Armies of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP the forerunner of the People's Liberation Biáng biáng noodles ( are a type of Noodle popular in China 's Shaanxi province Jin Hao, (Chinese 金号 Pinyin: Jīnháo which translates to "Gold Number" is a group of Radio stations in Shaanxi, China serving

• The Story of Yue Fei, a 17 – 18th century wuxia fiction novel about the life of Song Dynasty general Yue Fei, says his military arts teacher, Zhou Tong, was from Shaanxi. Yue Fei’s biographies Yue Fei Biography A biography of Yue Fei was written 60 years after his death by his grandson the poet and historian Yue Ke (岳柯 Wuxia or Wǔxiá ( Mandarin ùɕiɑ̌ Hanyu Pinyin: Wǔxiá, Cantonese Pinyin: mou5 hap6 Taiwanese/Hokkien bu hiap The Song Dynasty ( Wade-Giles: Sung Ch'ao was a ruling dynasty in China between 960&ndash1279 CE it succeeded the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Yue Fei’s biographies Yue Fei Biography A biography of Yue Fei was written 60 years after his death by his grandson the poet and historian Yue Ke (岳柯 History Mention in Yue family memoirs Tutelage Despite being literate giving him a chance to become a scholar young Yue Fei chose the military ^[2]

Miscellaneous topics

Professional sports teams based in Shaanxi include:

• Chinese Basketball Association
  • Shaanxi Kylins
• Chinese Football Association Jia League
  • Xi'an Anxinyuan

See also

List of laojiaos in Shaanxi

References

External links

• Shaanxi Government website
• Shaanxi travel guide from Wikitravel
• Photography of Shaanxi province

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