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Sexual arousal is the process and state of an animal being ready for sexual activity and feeling an urge for sexual contact. Human sexual behavior or different human sexual practices encompass a wide range of activities such as strategies to find or attract partners ( Mating and display

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Human sexual arousal

Sexual arousal for a man results in an increased blood flow to the penis, to produce an erection. The erection of the Penis, Clitoris or a Nipple is its enlarged and firm state In a woman the vagina becomes lubricated in anticipation of sexual intercourse. The vagina (from Latin, literally " Sheath " or " Scabbard " is a fibromuscular tubular tract leading from the Uterus In Human anatomy (female the Skene's glands (also known as the lesser vestibular, periurethral glands, skene glands, paraurethral Sexual intercourse, in its biological sense is the act in which the male reproductive organ (in humans and other higher animals enters the female reproductive tract Unlike most animals, human beings of both sexes are potentially capable of sexual arousal throughout the year, therefore, there is no human mating season. Human beings, humans or man (Origin 1590–1600 L homō man OL hemō the earthly one (see Humus Oestrus is also the biological genus name of the gadfly. The estrous cycle (also oestrous cycle; derived from Latin Things that precipitate human sexual arousal are colloquially known as turn-ons. Turn-ons may be physical or mental in nature. Given the right stimulation, sexual arousal in humans will typically end in an orgasm, but may be pursued for its own sake, even in the absence of an orgasm. An orgasm (sexual climax is the conclusion of the plateau phase of the sexual response cycle, and may be experienced by both males and females

Sexual arousal causes different physical changes.

In females: In males:
  • Penile tumescence and erection (usually the most prominent and reliable sign of sexual arousal in males; however, adolescent males experience frequent 'non-sexual' erections stemming from their high level of testosterone. The breast is the upper Ventral region of an animal’s Torso, particularly that of Mammals including Human beings. In its most general form a nipple is a Structure from which a fluid emanates Vaginal lubrication is the naturally produced lubricating fluid that reduces friction during Sexual intercourse. Vasocongestion is a term for the swelling of bodily tissues caused by increased vascular Blood flow and a localized increase in Blood pressure. The vagina (from Latin, literally " Sheath " or " Scabbard " is a fibromuscular tubular tract leading from the Uterus Tumescence is the quality or state of being tumescent or swollen The erection of the Penis, Clitoris or a Nipple is its enlarged and firm state The clitoris is a sexual organ that is present only in Female Mammals In humans the visible button-like portion is located near the Anterior Labium (plural labia) is a Latin -derived term meaning " Lip " The cervix (from Latin "neck" is the lower narrow portion of the Uterus where it joins with the top end of the Vagina. The uterus (from the Latin word for womb) is the major Female reproductive organ of most Mammals including Humans One end the The vagina (from Latin, literally " Sheath " or " Scabbard " is a fibromuscular tubular tract leading from the Uterus The labia majora (singular labium majus) are two prominent Longitudinal Cutaneous folds which extend downward and backward from the Mons pubis The labia minora (singular labium minus) or nymphae are two longitudinal Cutaneous folds on the human Vulva. The erection of the Penis, Clitoris or a Nipple is its enlarged and firm state Testosterone is a Steroid hormone from the Androgen group In mammals testosterone is primarily secreted in the testes of males and the Ovaries )
  • Retraction and tightening of the foreskin, often exposing the glans penis if not normally exposed (only if the particular male is not circumcised)
  • Emission of pre-ejaculatory fluid
  • Swelling of the testes
  • Ascension of the testes
  • Tensing and thickening of the scrotum

Human sexual response cycle

Main article: Human sexual response cycle

During the 1950s and 1960s, William H. Masters and Virginia E. Johnson conducted many important studies within the field of human sexuality. In Male Human Anatomy, the foreskin or prepuce (a technically broader term that also includes the Clitoral hood, the homologous The glans penis (or simply glans) is the sensitive tip of the Penis. Pre-ejaculate (also known as pre-ejaculatory fluid or Cowper's fluid, and colloquially as pre-cum) is the clear colorless viscous fluid that The testicle (from Latin testiculus, diminutive of testis, meaning "witness" virility plural testes) is the male The testicle (from Latin testiculus, diminutive of testis, meaning "witness" virility plural testes) is the male In some Male Mammals the scrotum - also 'scrutum' or 'scrootum' - is a protuberance of Skin and Muscle containing the Testicles The human sexual response cycle is a four-stage model of physiological responses during Sexual stimulation. The 1950s Decade refers to the years of 1950 to 1959 inclusive The 1960s decade refers to the years from the beginning of 1960 to the end of 1969 The Masters and Johnson research team, made up of William Masters and Virginia E Generally speaking human sexuality is how people experience and express themselves as sexual beings In 1966, the two released a book, Human Sexual Response, detailing four stages of physiological changes in humans during sexual stimulation. Year 1966 ( MCMLXVI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. These phases, in order of their occurrence, are excitement, plateau, orgasmic, and resolution. [2]

Singer's model of sexual arousal

Singer[3] presents a model of the process of sexual arousal, in which he conceptualized human sexual response to be composed of three independent but generally sequential components. The first stage, aesthetic response, is an emotional reaction to noticing an attractive face or figure. This emotional reaction produces an increase in attention toward the object of attraction, typically involving head and eye movements toward the attractive object. The second stage, approach response, progresses from the first and involves bodily movements towards the object. The final genital response stage recognizes that with both attention and closer proximity, physical reactions result in genital tumescence. Singer also notes that there is an array of other autonomic responses, but acknowledges that the research literature suggests that the genital response is the most reliable and convenient to measure in males.

Erectile dysfunction

Erectile dysfunction (ED) or impotence is a sexual dysfunction characterized by the inability to develop or maintain an erection of the penis. There are various underlying causes, such as damage to the nervi erigentes which prevents or delays erection, or diabetes, which simply decreases blood flow to the tissue in the penis, many of which are medically reversible.

The causes of erectile dysfunction may be psychological or physical. Psychological impotence can often be helped by almost anything that the patient believes in; there is a very strong placebo effect. Physical damage is much more severe. One leading physical cause of ED is continual or severe damage taken to the nervi erigentes. These nerves course beside the prostate arising from the sacral plexus and can be damaged in prostatic and colo-rectal surgeries.

Due to its embarrassing nature and the shame felt by sufferers, the subject was taboo for a long time, and is the subject of many urban legends. Folk remedies have long been advocated, with some being advertised widely since the 1930s. The introduction of perhaps the first pharmacologically effective remedy for impotence, sildenafil (trade name Viagra), in the 1990s caused a wave of public attention, propelled in part by the news-worthiness of stories about it and heavy advertising. Sildenafil citrate, sold as Viagra, Revatio and under various other trade names is a drug used to treat Erectile dysfunction (male impotence

The Latin term impotentia coeundi describes simple inability to insert the penis into the vagina. The penis (plural penises, penes It is now mostly replaced by more precise terms.

Sexual arousal in animals

While human sexuality is well understood, scientists do not completely grasp how other animals relate sexually. However, current research studies suggest that many animals, like humans, enjoy sexual relations that are not limited to reproduction. Dolphins and Bonobos, for example, are both well known to use sex as a "social tool to strengthen and maintain bonds. Dolphins are Marine mammals that are closely related to Whales and Porpoises There are almost forty species of dolphin in seventeen genera. The Bonobo (bə'noʊboʊ Pan paniscus) until recently usually called the Pygmy Chimpanzee (and less often the Dwarf or Gracile Chimpanzee "[4]

See also

References

  1. ^ http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761580700_3/Human_Sexuality.html
  2. ^ The Sexual Response Cycle. Erotica (from the Greek Eros —"desire" or "curiosa" works of art including literature, photography film sculpture Hypersexuality is the desire to engage in Human sexual behavior at a level high enough to be considered clinically significant Generally speaking human sexuality is how people experience and express themselves as sexual beings The Kinsey Reports are two books on Human sexual behavior, Sexual Behavior in the Human Male (1948 and Sexual Behavior in the Human Female Persistent genital arousal disorder (also known as persistent sexual arousal syndrome or PSAS) results in a spontaneous and persistent genital arousal, Sexual arousal disorder is a disorder found in the DSM-IV that is generally defined as the inability to attain or maintain typical responses to Sexual arousal NOTICE TO WOULD-BE-ROMEOS*************** Libido in its common usage means Sexual desire however more technical definitions such as those found in the work of Carl Jung, are more general referring to libido Sexual frustration describes the condition in which a person is in a state of agitation stress or anxiety due to prolonged sexual inactivity and/or sexual dissatisfaction that Sexual intercourse, in its biological sense is the act in which the male reproductive organ (in humans and other higher animals enters the female reproductive tract Sexual orientation is believed to refer to "an enduring pattern of emotional romantic and/or sexual attractions to men women or both sexes SexInfo. University of California, Santa Barbara. Retrieved on 2007-04-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1479 BC - Thutmose III ascends to the throne of Egypt, although power effectively shifts to Hatshepsut (according to  “Masters and Johnson's Four-Phase Model: The sexual responses of men and women have many similarities. . . . ”
  3. ^ Singer, B. Conceptualising sexual arousal and attraction. The Journal of Sex Research. The Journal of Sex Research (or JSR, ISSN 0022-4499 is published by the Society for the Scientific Study of Sexuality registered in New York City 1984; 20, 230-240
  4. ^ McCarey, Kevin (writer). (1999). Dolphins: The wild side [Documentary]. USA: National Geographic Television. Retrieved on 2007-04-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1479 BC - Thutmose III ascends to the throne of Egypt, although power effectively shifts to Hatshepsut (according to "Like humans and some chimpanzees, dolphins use sex for reasons other than procreation. Sex is as frequent as it is casual, a social tool used to strengthen and maintain bonds. " 'Dolphins: The wild side' at the Internet Movie Database
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