Sextilis was the original Latin name for the sixth month in the Roman calendar. Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. The Roman calendar changed its form several times in the time between the foundation of Rome and the fall of the Roman Empire. It was renamed Augustus (August) in 8 BC in honor of the first Roman emperor, Augustus Caesar. Other names In Arabic, the month is called أغسطسص ʾUġusṭuṣ or آب ʾĀb; usage varies from place to place and Year 8 BC was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar. The Roman Emperor was the ruler of the Roman State during the imperial period (starting at about 27 BC Augustus ( Latin: IMPERATOR·CAESAR·DIVI·FILIVS·AVGVSTVS September 23 63 BC – August 19 AD 14) born Gaius Octavius Thurinus, was because it came after the month of July (named after his granduncle, adopted father, and predecessor, the Divine Julius) and of several fortunate events that occurred in his life during this month: the Battle of Pharsalus, the Battle of Actium, and the deaths of Cleopatra and Mark Antony. The Battle of Pharsalus was a decisive battle of Caesar's Civil War. The Battle of Actium was the decisive engagement in the Final War of the Roman Republic between the forces of Octavian and the combined forces of Mark Antony Cleopatra VII Philopator (in Greek, Κλεοπάτρα Φιλοπάτωρ; January 69 BC &ndash 30 BC was a Hellenistic ruler of Egypt Marcus Antonius (in Latin: M·ANTONIVS·M·F·M·N ( c January 14 83 BC&ndash August 1, 30 BC known in English as Mark It also happened to be the month his grandnephew (the future Emperor Claudius) was born, and the month in which Augustus died. Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus or Claudius I ( August 1, 10 BC &ndash October 13, AD 54 ( Tiberius Claudius Drusus from birth to The month reputedly has 31 days because Augustus wanted as many days as Julius Caesar's July, but this idea is a medieval mistake. Sextilis had had 31 days since the time of Julius Caesar (see Julian calendar). The Julian calendar, a reform of the Roman calendar, was introduced by Julius Caesar in 46 BC and came into force in 45 BC (709 Ab urbe condita
The Senate decree renaming Sextilis to Augustus reads in part:
- "Whereas the Emperor Augustus Caesar, in the month of Sextilis, was first admitted to the consulate, and thrice entered the city in triumph, and in the same month the legions, from the Janiculum, placed themselves under his auspices, and in the same month Egypt was brought under the authority of the Roman people, and in the same month an end was put to the civil wars; and whereas for these reasons the said month is, and has been, most fortunate to this empire, it is hereby decreed by the senate that the said month shall be called Augustus. Senatus consultum ultimum ( "Final decree of the Senate" or Final Act) more properly senatus consultum de re publica defendenda ( "Decree "[1]
Note
- ^ "Calendarium" in William Smith, A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, (John Murray, London, 1875)
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