Serum albumin, often referred to simply as albumin, is the most abundant plasma protein in humans and other mammals. Blood proteins, also called serum proteins, are Proteins found in Blood plasma. Mammals ( class Mammalia) are a class of Vertebrate Animals characterized by the presence of Sweat glands, including sweat glands Albumin is essential for maintaining the osmotic pressure needed for proper distribution of body fluids between intravascular compartments and body tissues. Osmotic pressure is the hydrostatic pressure produced by a difference in concentration between solutions on the two sides of a surface such as a semipermeable membrane Bodily fluids listed below are found in the bodies of men and/or women It also acts as a plasma carrier by non-specifically binding several hydrophobic steroid hormones and as a transport protein for hemin and fatty acids. In Chemistry, hydrophobicity (from the combining form of water in Attic Greek hydro- and for fear phobos) refers to the physical property of Steroid hormones are Steroids which act as Hormones Mammalian steroid hormones can be grouped into five groups by the receptors to which they bind Hemin (trade name Panhematin) is an Iron -containing Porphyrin. In Chemistry, especially Biochemistry, a fatty acid is a Carboxylic acid often with a long unbranched Aliphatic tail ( chain) which

Contents 1 Types 2 General characteristics 3 References 4 External links

Types

• The human version is human serum albumin. Human serum albumin is the most abundant Protein in Human Blood plasma.
• Bovine serum albumin, or BSA, is commonly used in immunodiagnostic procedures, clinical chemistry reagents, cell culture media, protein chemistry research and molecular biology laboratories (usually to leverage its non-specific protein binding properties). Bovine serum albumin Bovine Albumin BSA, also known as "Fraction V" is a Serum albumin protein that has numerous biochemical applications including ELISAs Molecular biology is the study of Biology at a molecular level

General characteristics

Albumin (when ionized in water at pH 7. 4, as found in the body) is negatively charged. The glomerular basement membrane is also negatively charged in the body; some studies suggest that this prevents the filtration of albumin in the urine. The glomerular basement membrane is the Basal laminal portion of the Glomerulus which performs the actual filtration though the filtration slits between the Podocytes According to this theory, that charge plays a major role in the selective exclusion of albumin from the glomerular filtrate. A defect in this property results in nephrotic syndrome leading to albumin loss in the urine. Not to be confused with Nephritic syndrome Nephrotic syndrome is a nonspecific disorder in which the Kidneys are damaged to leak large Nephrotic syndrome patients are sometimes given albumin to replace the lost albumin.

Because smaller animals (for example rats) function at a lower blood pressure, they need less oncotic pressure to balance this, and thus need less albumin to maintain proper fluid distribution. Rats are various medium sized long-tailed Rodents of the superfamily Muroidea Blood pressure is also the title of a short story by Damon Runyan in Guys and Dolls and Other Stories Oncotic pressure in the Circulatory system is a form of Osmotic pressure exerted by Proteins in Blood plasma that normally tends to pull

Serum albumin contains eleven distinct binding domains for hydrophobic compounds. One hemin and six long-chain fatty acids can bind to serum albumin at the same time ^[1]. Hemin (trade name Panhematin) is an Iron -containing Porphyrin. In Chemistry, especially Biochemistry, a fatty acid is a Carboxylic acid often with a long unbranched Aliphatic tail ( chain) which

References

External links

• The Serum Albumin Protein

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