| Sergio Leone | |
|---|---|
| Born | January 3, 1929 Rome, Italy |
| Died | April 30, 1989 (aged 60) |
| Years active | 1959 - 1984 |
Sergio Leone (January 3, 1929 – April 30, 1989) was an Italian film director. Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. Year 1929 ( MCMXXIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2 Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Events 313 - Roman emperor Licinius unifies the entire Eastern Roman Empire under his rule Year 1989 ( MCMLXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar) The year 1959 ( MCMLIX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1984 ( MCMLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1984 Gregorian calendar) Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. Year 1929 ( MCMXXIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 313 - Roman emperor Licinius unifies the entire Eastern Roman Empire under his rule Year 1989 ( MCMLXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar) Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest A film director, or filmmaker, is a person who directs the making of a Film.
Leone is well-known for his spaghetti western films and his style of juxtaposing extreme close-up shots with lengthy long shots and original music soundtracks. Spaghetti Western, also known in some countries in mainland Europe as the Italo-Western, is a nickname for a broad sub-genre of Western In Film, Television, and Still photography a close-up tightly frames a person or an object In photography film and video a long shot (sometimes referred to as a full shot or a wide shot) typically shows the entire object or human figure and is usually His most well-known movies include The Man With No Name trilogy (which consists of A Fistful of Dollars, For a Few Dollars More and The Good, the Bad and the Ugly), Once Upon a Time in the West and Once Upon A Time in America. The Man with No Name is a Stock character in western films but the term usually applies specifically to the character (or possibly characters played by A Fistful of Dollars ( Per un Pugno di Dollari in Italy and officially on-screen in the U For a Few Dollars More ( Per Qualche Dollaro in Più) is a 1965 Spaghetti western film directed by Sergio Leone and starring The Good the Bad and the Ugly ( Il Buono il Brutto il Cattivo) is a 1966 Italian epic Spaghetti western film directed Once Upon a Time in the West ( Italian title C'Era una Volta il West) is a 1968 epic Spaghetti Western Once Upon a Time in America (Italian title C'era una volta in America) is a 1984 Crime film directed by Sergio Leone
Contents |
Born in Rome, Leone was the son of the cinema pioneer, Vincenzo Leone (known as director Roberto Roberti), and the actress, Edvige Valcarenghi (Bice Waleran). Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2 He started working in the film industry at the age of 18.
Leone began writing screenplays in the 1950s, primarily for the so-called "sword and sandal" (a. Sword and sandal films or pepla (singular= peplum) are a Genre of adventure or Fantasy films that have subjects set in Biblical k. a. "peplum") historical epics, which were popular at the time. He also worked as an assistant director on several large-scale and high-profile runaway productions filmed at Cinecittà Studios in Rome, notably Quo Vadis (1951) and Ben-Hur (1959). A Runaway production is a term used by the Film industry to describe Motion picture productions and Television shows that are "intended for initial Cinecittà ( Italian for Cinema City) is a large Film studio in Rome that is the hub of Italian cinema. Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2 Quo Vadis is an epic 1951 film made by MGM. It was directed by Mervyn LeRoy and produced by Sam Zimbalist, from a Screenplay by Ben-Hur (or Benhur is a 1959 Movie directed by William Wyler, and is the third film version of Lew Wallace 's novel Ben-Hur
When director Mario Bonnard fell ill during the production of the 1959 Italian epic, Gli ultimi giorni di Pompei (The Last Days of Pompeii), starring Steve Reeves, Leone was asked to step in and complete the film. Stephen L Reeves ( January 21, 1926 &ndash May 1, 2000) was an American bodybuilder, Actor, and author As a result, when the time came to make his solo directorial debut with The Colossus of Rhodes (Il Colosso di Rodi, 1961), Leone was well-equipped to produce low-budget films, which looked and felt like Hollywood spectaculars. Il Colosso di Rodi (English title The Colossus of Rhodes) is a 1961 Sword and sandal film directed by Sergio Leone
In the early 1960s, demand for historical epics collapsed, and Leone was fortunate enough to be at the forefront of the genre that replaced it in the public's affections: the Western. The Western is a fiction Genre seen in Film, Television, Radio, Literature, Painting and other Visual arts. His film A Fistful of Dollars (Per un pugno di dollari, 1964) was an early trend-setter in a genre that came to be known as the "spaghetti western". A Fistful of Dollars ( Per un Pugno di Dollari in Italy and officially on-screen in the U Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. Spaghetti Western, also known in some countries in mainland Europe as the Italo-Western, is a nickname for a broad sub-genre of Western Based upon Akira Kurosawa's Edo-era samurai adventure Yojimbo (1961), Leone's film elicited a legal challenge from the Japanese director. The, also referred to as the Tokugawa period (徳川時代 Tokugawa-jidai) is a division of Japanese history running from 1603 to 1868 is a 1961 Jidaigeki (period drama film directed by Akira Kurosawa. A Fistful of Dollars is also notable for its establishment and of Clint Eastwood as a star, who until that time had been an American television actor with few roles to his name. Clinton "Clint" Eastwood Jr (born May 31 1930 is a four-time Academy Award winning American Actor and Filmmaker. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the
The look of A Fistful of Dollars was established partly by its budget and Spanish locations, which presented a gritty, violent and morally complex vision of the American Old West. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. The film paid tribute to traditional American western movies, but significantly departed from them in storyline, plot, characterization and mood. Leone deservedly gets credit for one, great breakthrough in the western genre that is still followed today: in traditional western films, heroes and villains alike looked as if they had just stepped out of a fashion magazine, and the moral opposites were clearly drawn, even down to the hero wearing a white hat and the villain wearing a black hat. Leone's characters were, in contrast, more "realistic" and complex: usually "lone wolves" in their behaviour; they rarely shaved, looked dirty and there was a strong suggestion of body odour and a history of criminal behaviour. The characters were also morally ambiguous by appearing generously compassionate, or nakedly and brutally self-serving, as the situation demanded. This sense of realism continues to affect western movies today, and has also been influential outside of the western genre. Many critics have called it ironic that an Italian director who could not speak English, and had never even seen the American Old West, almost single-handedly redefined the typical vision of the American cowboy. A cowboy is an animal Herder who tends Cattle on Ranches in North America, traditionally on horseback and often performs a multitude of According to Christopher Frayling's book Something to do with Death, Leone knew a great deal about the American Old West. Sir Christopher John Frayling (born 25 December 1946) is a British educationalist and writer known It fascinated him as a child, which carried into his adulthood and his films.
Leone's next two films — For a Few Dollars More (1965) and The Good, the Bad and the Ugly (1966) — completed what has come to be known as the The Man With No Name trilogy (a. For a Few Dollars More ( Per Qualche Dollaro in Più) is a 1965 Spaghetti western film directed by Sergio Leone and starring The Good the Bad and the Ugly ( Il Buono il Brutto il Cattivo) is a 1966 Italian epic Spaghetti western film directed The Man with No Name is a Stock character in western films but the term usually applies specifically to the character (or possibly characters played by k. a. the Dollars trilogy), with each film being more financially successful and more technically proficient than its predecessor. The Dollars Trilogy, also known as The Man with No Name Trilogy, refers to the three Spaghetti Westerns starring Clint Eastwood All three films featured innovative music scores by the prolific composer Ennio Morricone who worked closely with Leone in coming up with the themes. Ennio Morricone OMRI (born November 10, 1928) is an acclaimed Italian Academy Award -winning composer After they met to plan the soundtrack, they realized that both of them had gone to school together and were classmates at one time. Leone had a personal way of shooting scenes with Morricone's music ongoing. Critics have often said that The Good, the Bad and the Ugly was the finest of the trilogy.
Based on the success of The Man With No Name trilogy, Leone was invited to the United States in 1967 to direct what he hoped would be his masterwork, Once Upon a Time in the West (C'era una volta il West) for Paramount Pictures. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Once Upon a Time in the West ( Italian title C'Era una Volta il West) is a 1968 epic Spaghetti Western Paramount Pictures Corporation is an American motion picture production and Distribution company, based in Hollywood California. The film was shot mostly in Almería, Spain and Cinecitta in Rome. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Cinecittà ( Italian for Cinema City) is a large Film studio in Rome that is the hub of Italian cinema. It was also briefly shot in Monument Valley, Utah. Monument Valley is located on the southern border of Utah with northern Arizona (around) The State of Utah (ˈjuːtɔː or) is a western state of the United States. The film starred Charles Bronson, Henry Fonda, Jason Robards and Claudia Cardinale. Charles Bronson (born Charles Dennis Buchinsky, Lithuanian name Karolis Bučinskis, November 3, 1921 – August 30, Henry Jaynes Fonda ( May 16, 1905 – August 12, 1982) was an American Academy Award -winning Film and Jason Nelson Robards Jr, ( July 26, 1922 &ndash December 26, 2000) was an American Actor. Claudia Cardinale (born April 15, 1938) is an Italian actress born in Tunis, Tunisia. Once Upon a Time in the West emerged as a long, violent, dreamlike meditation upon the mythology of the American Old West. The film was scripted by Leone's longtime friend and collaborator Sergio Donati. The story was written by Bernardo Bertolucci and Dario Argento, both of whom went on to have significant careers as directors. Bernardo Bertolucci (born March 16, 1940) is an Italian Writer and Academy Award winning Film director. Dario Argento (born September 7 1940) is an Italian Film director, producer and Screenwriter. Before its release, however, Once Upon a Time in the West was ruthlessly edited by Paramount, which perhaps contributed to its poor box-office results in the United States. Nevertheless, it was a huge hit in Europe and highly praised amongst North American film students. It has come to be regarded by many as Leone's best film.
After Once Upon a Time in the West, Leone directed A Fistful of Dynamite, a. A Fistful of Dynamite is a 1971 Spaghetti western film directed by Sergio Leone (original Italian title Giù la Testa k. a. Duck, You Sucker (Giù la testa, 1971). Leone was originally just going to produce the film, but due to artistic differences from then-director Peter Bogdanovich, Leone was asked to direct the film instead. Peter Bogdanovich ( Serbian Cyrillic: Петар Богдановић Latin: Petar Bogdanović (born July 30, 1939, is an American A Fistful of Dynamite is a Mexican Revolution action drama, starring James Coburn, as an Irish revolutionary, and Rod Steiger, as a Mexican bandit who is conned into becoming a revolutionary. The Mexican Revolution (Revolución Mexicana was a major armed struggle that started with an uprising led by Francisco I James Harrison Coburn Jr ( 31 August &ndash 18 November) was an American film and television actor known for his charisma and natural charm Ireland (pronounced /ˈaɾlənd/ Éire) is the third largest island in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world Rod Steiger ( April 14, 1925 – July 9, 2002) was an American Academy Award -winning Actor known for his
Leone continued to produce, and on occasion, step in to reshoot scenes in other films. One of these films was My Name Is Nobody (1973) by Tonino Valerii (though true participation of Leone in shooting is disputed), a comedy western film that poked fun at the spaghetti western genre. My Name is Nobody (originally released in Italy as Il mio nome è Nessuno and also known as Lonesome Gun) is a Tonino Valerii (born May 20, 1934) is an Italian Film director, most known for his Spaghetti Westerns Valerii started his film career It starred Henry Fonda as an old gunslinger who watched "his" old West fade away before his very eyes. Terence Hill also starred in the film as the young stranger who helps Fonda leave the dying West with style. Terence Hill (born Mario Girotti March 29, 1939) is an Italian Actor.
Leone's other productions included A Genius, Two Partners and a Dupe (1975, another western comedy starring Terence Hill); The Cat (Il gatto; 1977, starring Alberto Sordi and The Toy (Il giocattolo; 1979, starring Nino Manfredi). A Genius Two Partners and a Dupe (originally released in Italy as Un Genio due compari un pollo and also known as Nobody's Alberto Sordi, also known as Albertone, Cavaliere di Gran Croce OMRI ( June 15 1920 - February 25 2003) was an Italian Nino Manfredi (true name Saturnino Manfredi; March 22, 1921 - June 4, 2004) was an Italian actor one of the most Leone also produced three comedies by actor/director Carlo Verdone, which were Fun Is Beautiful (Un Sacco Bello, 1980), Bianco, Rosso e Verdone (White, Red and Verdone - Verdone means "strong green", a pun referring to the three colours of the Italian flag, the star and to director Verdone, 1981) and Troppo Forte (Great!, 1986). Carlo Verdone (born 17 November 1950) is an Italian actor screenwriter and film director During this period, Leone also directed various award-winning TV commercials for European television.
Leone turned down the opportunity to direct The Godfather, in favor of working on another gangster story he had conceived before the offer of The Godfather. The Godfather is a 1972 Crime drama film based on the 1969 novel of the same name by Mario Puzo and directed Leone devoted ten years on this project, based on the novel The Hoods by Harry Grey, which focused on a quartet of New York City Jewish gangsters of the 1920s and 1930s who had been friends since childhood. The City of New York PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ For other uses see Gangsta. A gangster is a criminal who is or at some point almost invariably becomes a member of a persistent violent The finished film, Once Upon a Time in America (1984), starred Robert De Niro and James Woods. Once Upon a Time in America (Italian title C'era una volta in America) is a 1984 Crime film directed by Sergio Leone Robert Mario De Niro Jr (born August 17 1943 is a two-time Academy Award -winning American Film Actor, director and producer James Howard Woods (born April 18 1947) is a two-time Academy Award -nominated Emmy Award -winning and Golden Globe -winning American It was a meditation on another aspect of popular American mythology, the role of greed and violence and their uneasy coexistence with the meaning of ethnicity and friendship. The studio cut (only for the American market) its four-hour running time drastically, losing much of the sense of the complex narrative. The recut version flopped and received much criticism.
The original version, projected in the rest of the world, received great appreciation by the public and by critics.
When the integral version of the film was released on DVD in the USA, it gained major critical acclaim, with many critics hailing the film as a masterpiece.
Leone died on April 30, 1989 of a heart attack. Events 313 - Roman emperor Licinius unifies the entire Eastern Roman Empire under his rule Year 1989 ( MCMLXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar) Myocardial infarction ( MI or AMI for acute myocardial infarction) also known as a heart attack, occurs when the blood supply He was 60 years old. Leone was infamous for his compulsive eating, which led him to become obese.
Before his death in 1989, Leone was part way through planning yet another epic - this time on the Siege of Leningrad during World War II. The Siege of Leningrad, also known as The Leningrad Blockade ( Russian: блокада Ленинграда ( transliteration: blokada Leningrada World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including
In his later years, Leone had a falling out of sorts with Clint Eastwood, his most famous actor. Clinton "Clint" Eastwood Jr (born May 31 1930 is a four-time Academy Award winning American Actor and Filmmaker. When Leone directed Once Upon a Time in America, he commented that Robert De Niro was a real actor, unlike Eastwood. Robert Mario De Niro Jr (born August 17 1943 is a two-time Academy Award -winning American Film Actor, director and producer However, the two made amends before Leone's death. In 1992, Eastwood directed Unforgiven, a revisionist western for which he won an Oscar for best director. This article is about the 1992 film For other uses see Unforgiven (disambiguation. "The Oscar" redirects here for the film see The Oscar (film. Leone was one of the two directors whom Eastwood dedicated it to, the other one was Don Siegel. Donald Siegel ( October 26, 1912 - April 20, 1991) was an influential American Film director and producer
In 2004, Leone's son, Andrea, published a long treatment for a film entitled A Place Only Mary Knows, written by Sergio Leone, Luca Morsella and Fabio Toncelli. It is a story about two soldiers during the U.S. Civil War. Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South
Critical opinion of Leone's film contributions was initially mixed, partly because the spaghetti western was initially considered a low-prestige genre. However, today Leone is widely acclaimed as a master filmmaker, receiving a 94% average filmography rating on Rotten Tomatoes. Rotten Tomatoes is a Website devoted to reviews information and news of Movies.
Leone's largest fanbase, however, has always been fellow directors. Among the many filmmakers who have claimed reference or inspiration by Leone's films include: Sam Peckinpah, Martin Scorsese, Steven Spielberg, John Milius, George Lucas, John Carpenter, Quentin Tarantino, Robert Rodriguez, Gore Verbinski and Stanley Kubrick (for his film Barry Lyndon). David Samuel "Sam" Peckinpah (February 21 1925 &ndash December 28 1984 was an American Film director who achieved iconic status following the release Steven Allan Spielberg, KBE (Hon (born December 18 1946 is an American Film director, Screenwriter and producer. John Frederick Milius (born April 11, 1944) is an American Screenwriter, director, and producer of Motion pictures George Walton Lucas Jr (born May 14, 1944) is an Academy Award -winning American Film director, producer, Screenwriter John Howard Carpenter (born January 16, 1948) is an American Film director, Screenwriter, producer, film score Quentin Jerome Tarantino (born March 27, 1963) is an Academy Award - BAFTA Award - and Palme d'Or -winning Emmy - and Robert Anthony Rodriguez (born June 20 1968 is an American director, writer, producer, Cinematographer, editor and Musician Gregor "Gore" Verbinski (born March 16 1964) is an American Film director and Writer. Barry Lyndon ( 1975) is a Period film by Stanley Kubrick based on the novel The Luck of Barry Lyndon (1844 by William The cultural impact of Leone's films, particularly his early westerns, is also immense. The showdown sequences, the anti-hero, and Morricone's musical scores have become icons of cinema and pop culture.