| Senate | |||||
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| Type | Upper House | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Chairman |
Muhammad Mian Soomro, PML-Q since 2002 |
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| Opposition Leader | Mian Raza Rabbani, (PPP) since 2002 |
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| Members | 100 | ||||
| Political groups | PPP PML Q MMA |
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| Last elections | 2007 | ||||
| Meeting place | Parliament of Pakistan | ||||
| Web site | www.senate.gov.pk | ||||
| Pakistan |
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The Senate of Pakistan is the upper House of the bicameral Parliament of Pakistan. An upper house is one of two chambers of a Bicameral Legislature, the other chamber being the Lower house. The current Chairman ( presiding officer) of the Senate of Pakistan is Muhammad Mian Soomro The first Chairman of the Senate was Justice Muhammadmian Soomro ( Sindhi: محمد میاں سومرو) (born August 19 1950) is a Pakistani politician who has been the Chairman See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Mian Raza Rabbani (born in Lahore on 23 July, 1953) is the current opposition leader in the Senate of Pakistan. The Pakistan Peoples Party ( PPP) (پاکستان پیپلز پارٹی is Centre-left Political party in Pakistan affiliated with Socialist See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. The Pakistan Peoples Party ( PPP) (پاکستان پیپلز پارٹی is Centre-left Political party in Pakistan affiliated with Socialist The Pakistan Muslim League (Q or officially Pakistan Muslim League (پاکستان مسلم لیگ ق is a centrist conservative Political party in Pakistan Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal ( MMA) (متحدہ مجلس عمل ( United Council of Action) is a coalition between religious-political parties in Pakistan. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Majlis-e-Shoora ( Urdu: مجلس شوری) ( Council of Advisors in Urdu, although referred to as " Parliament " is the federal Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and In recent history the Pakistani political processes have taken place in the framework of a Federal republic, where the system of government has at times been Parliamentary The Constitution of Pakistan (آئین پاکستان is the supreme law of Pakistan. The President of Pakistan ( Urdū: صدر Sadr-e-Mumlikat) is the Head of state of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. General (ret Pervez Musharraf ( (born 11 August 1943 NI(M, HI(M, TBt, is the former Military dictator and President of The Government of Pakistan ( Urdu: حکومتِ پاکستان uses a federal parliamentary system with a President as the Head of State and an indirectly-elected The Prime Minister of Pakistan, in Urdu وزیر اعظم Wazir-e- Azam meaning "Grand Minister", is the Head of Government Syed Makhdoom Yousaf Raza Gilani ( (born June 9, 1952) is a Pakistani politician who is currently the twenty-sixth Ministers of the Federal Government of Pakistan are sworn in by the President of Pakistan and constitutethe cabinet of Prime Minister Majlis-e-Shoora ( Urdu: مجلس شوری) ( Council of Advisors in Urdu, although referred to as " Parliament " is the federal The current Chairman ( presiding officer) of the Senate of Pakistan is Muhammad Mian Soomro The first Chairman of the Senate was Justice The National Assembly is the Lower house of the bicameral Parliament of Pakistan. The Speaker's is the highest office of the National Assembly of Pakistan. These are the names of deputy speakers of the National Assembly of Pakistan The Supreme Judicial Council of Pakistan is a body of judges empowered under Article 209 of the Constitution of Pakistan to hear cases of misconduct against judges The Supreme Court ( Urdu: عدالت عظمیٰ) is the apex court in Pakistan 's judicial hierarchy the final arbiter of legal and constitutional The Chief Justice of Pakistan heads the Supreme Court of Pakistan. The Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan consists of 8 Muslim judges including the Chief Justice The Chief Justice heads the Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan. Establishment Islamabad High Court located in Islamabad the capital of Pakistan was established under a presidential order on December 14, 2007. There are five High Courts of Pakistan, each of four based in the capital city of one of the four provinces. The District Courts of Pakistan are courts that operate at the district level they are controlled by the high courts. Political parties in Pakistan' lists political parties in Pakistan. Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal ( MMA) (متحدہ مجلس عمل ( United Council of Action) is a coalition between religious-political parties in Pakistan. Muttahida Qaumi Movement (متحدہ قومی موومنٹ ( Muttahida Qaumi Movement) generally known as MQM or simply Muttahida, is a linguistic The Pakistan Muslim League (N ( Urdu: پاکستان مسلم لیگ ن) is a Political party in Pakistan. The Pakistan Muslim League (Q or officially Pakistan Muslim League (پاکستان مسلم لیگ ق is a centrist conservative Political party in Pakistan The Pakistan Peoples Party ( PPP) (پاکستان پیپلز پارٹی is Centre-left Political party in Pakistan affiliated with Socialist The Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf ( Urdu: پاکستان تحريک انصاف) ( Pakistan Movement for Justice) is a Political party in Political parties in Pakistan' lists political parties in Pakistan. Currently the internationally recognized territory of Pakistan is subdivided into four provinces and two territories A Governor in Pakistan is the appointed Head of Government of a Province. Government of Balochistan is based in the largest province of Pakistan in Quetta. The Government of North West Frontier Province (NWFP is in Peshawar, the provincial capital of the North-West Frontier Province, Pakistan The Government of Punjab, a provincial government in the federal structure of Pakistan, is based in Lahore, the capital of Punjab Province Government of Sindh is based in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. ( Sind) سندھ is one of the four provinces of Pakistan and is home History The land was acquired from the North-West Frontier Province and Punjab in 1960, for the purpose of establishing Pakistan's new capital The Federally Administered Tribal Areas ( FATA) in Pakistan are areas outside the four provinces bordering Afghanistan, comprising a region The Azad State of Jammu and Kashmir, usually shortened to Azad Jammu and Kashmir ( AJK) or simply Azad Kashmir (literally "free The Northern Areas ( Urdu:,) is officially referred to by the government of Pakistan as the Federally Administered Northern Areas (FANA The 2001 Local Government Ordinance provides for devolution of government to district administrations ||} See also Local government in Pakistan The Districts of Pakistan form the third tier of government in Pakistan, ranking as subdivisions of the provinces A Union Council or village council in Pakistan is an elected Local government body consisting of 21 councillors and headed by a Nazim (which is equivalent Pakistan is the second largest Muslim country in terms of population (behind Indonesia and its status as a declared nuclear power, being the only Islamic Information on politics by country is available for every Country, including both De jure and De facto independent In Government, bicameralism (bi + Latin la ''camera'' chamber is the practice of having two legislative or Parliamentary chambers Thus a bicameral Majlis-e-Shoora ( Urdu: مجلس شوری) ( Council of Advisors in Urdu, although referred to as " Parliament " is the federal The Constitution does not give the President of Pakistan the authority to dissolve the Senate (unlike the National Assembly). The Constitution of Pakistan (آئین پاکستان is the supreme law of Pakistan. The President of Pakistan ( Urdū: صدر Sadr-e-Mumlikat) is the Head of state of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. In a parliamentary or semi-presidential system of Government, a reserve power is a power that may be exercised by the Head of state without the The National Assembly is the Lower house of the bicameral Parliament of Pakistan. If the office of the President of Pakistan becomes vacant, or the President is unable to perform his functions, the Chairman of the Senate acts as President until a President is elected.
The Chairman of the Senate is Muhammad Mian Soomro since 2002. The current Chairman ( presiding officer) of the Senate of Pakistan is Muhammad Mian Soomro The first Chairman of the Senate was Justice Muhammadmian Soomro ( Sindhi: محمد میاں سومرو) (born August 19 1950) is a Pakistani politician who has been the Chairman See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar.
Contents |
History
After Independence, the first Constituent Assembly of Pakistan, elected in December 1945 in undivided India, was assigned the task of framing the Constitution of Pakistan. The Constituent Assembly of Pakistan was formed to write Pakistan 's constitution and serve as its first Parliament. The Constitution of Pakistan (آئین پاکستان is the supreme law of Pakistan. This Assembly passed the Objectives Resolution on 12th March, 1949, laying down principles which later became substantive part of the Constitution of Pakistan. The Objectives Resolution was a resolution adopted on 12 March 1949 by the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan. However, before it could accomplish the task of framing the constitution, it was dissolved in October, 1954. Thereafter, the Governor General, convened the Second Constituent Assembly in May, 1955, which framed and passed the first Constitution of Pakistan on 29th February, 1956. The Governor-General of Pakistan was the resident representative of King George VI in Pakistan from 1947 to 1952 and then Queen That Constitution was promulgated on 23rd March 1956, which provided for a parliamentary form of Government with a unicameral legislature. However, from 14th August 1947 to 1st March 1956 the Government of India Act 1935, was retained as the Constitution of Pakistan. The Government of India Act 1935 ( 26 Geo 5 & 1 Edw 8 c 2) was the last pre-independence constitution of the British Raj.
On October 7, 1958, Martial Law was promulgated and the Constitution abrogated. The Military Government appointed a Constitution Commission in February, 1960 which framed the 1962 Constitution. That Constitution provided for a Presidential form of Government with a unicameral legislature. The 1962 Constitution was abrogated on 25th March, 1969. The Civil Government, which came to power in December 1971 pursuant to 1970 elections, gave the nation an interim Constitution in the year 1972.
The 1970 Assembly framed the 1973 Constitution which was passed on 12th April and promulgated on 14th August 1973. The 1973 Constitution provides for a parliamentary form of Government with a bicameral legislature, comprising the National Assembly and the Senate. The National Assembly is the Lower house of the bicameral Parliament of Pakistan.
The membership of the Senate, which was originally 45, was raised to 63 in 1977 and to 87 in 1985. The government of Gen. Pervez Musharraf raised the membership of the Senate from 87 to 100 through the Legal Framework Order (LFO), 2002, enforced on 21st August, 2002. General (ret Pervez Musharraf ( (born 11 August 1943 NI(M, HI(M, TBt, is the former Military dictator and President of
Purpose & Role
The main purpose for the creation of the Senate of Pakistan was to give equal representation to all the federating units since the membership of the National Assembly was based on the population of each province. Currently the internationally recognized territory of Pakistan is subdivided into four provinces and two territories Equal provincial membership in the Senate, thus, balances the provincial inequality in the National Assembly and dispels doubts and apprehension, if any, regarding deprivation and exploitation.
The role of the Senate is to promote national cohesion and harmony and to alleviate fears of the smaller provinces regarding domination by any one province because of its majority, in the National Assembly.
The Senate,is a body which represents the provinces and territories of the country and promotes a feeling of equality, peace and good understanding between them, which is so essential for the growth and prosperity of a nation. Thus, the Senate in Pakistan, over the years, has emerged as an essential organ and a stabilizing factor of the federation.
There are one hundred senatorial seats. There are 18 women Senators; Pakistani Law requires that there be at least 17 women Senators.
Members of the Senate are elected according to Article 59 of the Constitution:
Appointment
(1) The Senate shall consist of 100 members, of whom:
- (a) 14 shall be elected by the members of each Provincial Assembly;
- (b) eight shall be elected by direct and free vote from the Federally Administered Tribal Areas, in such manner as the President may, by Order, prescribe;
- (c) two on general seats, and one woman and one technocrat including aalim shall be elected from the Federal Capital in such manner as the President may, by Order, prescribe;
- (d) four women shall be elected by the members of each Provincial Assembly;
- (e) four technocrats including ulema shall be elected by the members of each Provincial Assembly. Ulema ( ar علماء,, singular ar عالِم,, "scholar" refers to the educated class of Muslim legal scholars engaged in the several Ulema ( ar علماء,, singular ar عالِم,, "scholar" refers to the educated class of Muslim legal scholars engaged in the several "
(2) Election to fill seats in the Senate allocated to each Province shall be held in accordance with the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote.
(3) The Senate shall not be subject to dissolution but the term of its members, who shall retire as follows, shall be six years:-
- (a) of the members referred to in paragraph (a) of clause (1), seven shall retire after the expiration of the first three years and seven shall retire after the expiration of the next three years.
- (b) of the members referred to in paragraph (b) of the aforesaid clause, four shall retire after the expiration of the first three years and four shall retire after the expiration of the next three years;
- (c) of the members referred to in paragraph (c) of the aforesaid clause,-
- (i) one elected on general seat shall retire after the expiration of the first three years and the other one shall retire after the expiration of the next three years, and
- (ii) one elected on the seat reserved for technocrat shall retire after first three years and the one elected on the seat reserved for woman shall retire after the expiration of the next three years;
- (d) of the members referred to in paragraph (d) of the aforesaid clause, two shall retire after the expiration of the three years and two shall retire after the expiration of the next three years; and
- (e) of the members referred to in paragraph (e) of the aforesaid clause, two shall retire after the expiration of the first three years and two shall retire after the expiration of the next three years: Provided that the term of office of a person elected to fill a casual vacancy shall be the unexpired term of the member whose vacancy he has filled.
See Also
External links
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