| Seine-Maritime | |
|---|---|
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| Coat of arms of the Seine-Maritime department | |
| Location | |
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| Administration | |
| Department number: | 76 |
| Region: | Haute-Normandie |
| Prefecture: | Rouen |
| Subprefectures: | Dieppe Le Havre |
| Arrondissements: | 3 |
| Cantons: | 69 |
| Communes: | 745 |
| President of the General Council: | Didier Marie |
| Statistics | |
| Population | Ranked 10th |
| -1 January 2004 estimate -March 8, 1999 census |
1,245,457 1,239,138 |
| Population density: | 198/km² |
| Land area¹: | 6,278 km² |
| ¹ French Land Register data, which exclude estuaries, and lakes, ponds, and glaciers larger than 1 km². The term administration, as used in the context of Government, differs according to Jurisdiction. In the context of the political and geographic organization of France and many of its former colonies a department (département depaʁtǝmɑ̃ is an Administrative division France is divided into 26 regions or régions (in French of which 21 are in continental Metropolitan France, one is the island of Corsica, Haute-Normandie ( Upper Normandy) is one of the 26 regions of France. A prefecture ( préfecture) in France can refer to: the Chef-lieu de département, the town in which the administration of a ''département'' Rouen (ʁwɑ̃ in French) is the historical capital city of Normandy, in northwestern France on the River Seine, and currently the capital Subprefectures (sous-préfectures are the administrative towns of arrondissements in France that do not contain the prefecture for its department. Dieppe is a town and commune in the Seine-Maritime department and Haute-Normandie region of France. Le Havre is a city in the northwest region of France situated on the right bank of the mouth of the Seine River as it outlets into the Bay of the Seine The 100 French departments are divided into 342 arrondissements, which may be translated into English as districts. The 3 arrondissements of the Seine-Maritime department are Arrondissement of Dieppe, ( subprefecture: Dieppe) with The cantons of France are territorial subdivisions of the French Republic's 341 arrondissements and 100 departments. The following is a list of the 69 cantons of the Seine-Maritime department, in France, sorted by arrondissement: Arrondissement The commune is the lowest level of administrative division in the French Republic. The following is a list of the 745 communes of the Seine-Maritime département, in France. In France, the President of the General Council (French Président du conseil général) is the locally-elected head of the General Council, the assembly As of January 1, 2008, 64473140 people live in the French Republic. New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 1618 - Johannes Kepler discovers the third law of planetary motion. Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) To help compare Orders of magnitude of different geographical regions we list here areas between 1000 km2 and 10000 km2 An estuary is a semi-enclosed Coastal body of Water with one or more Rivers or Streams flowing into it and with a free connection to the open | |
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Seine-Maritime is a French department in Normandy. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. In the context of the political and geographic organization of France and many of its former colonies a department (département depaʁtǝmɑ̃ is an Administrative division Normandy (Normandie Norman: Normaundie) is a geographical region corresponding to the former Duchy of Normandy. Before 1955 it was known as Seine-Inférieure.
Contents |
History
- - 12,000 B. C. – First inhabitants
- The engravings of the Gouy cave attest human presence in Seine-Maritime in the upper Paleolithic
- - 450 – Celtic invasions
- Celtic tribes and then Belgian settle in the region, the Seine (river) being their main communication facility
- 56 AD – Roman occupation
- The Veliocassi of Rotomagus (Rouen) region and the Caletes of Juliobona (Lillebonne) is conquered by Julius Caesar. The Seine (sɛn in French) is a slow flowing major River and commercial waterway within the regions of Île-de-France and Haute-Normandie Rouen (ʁwɑ̃ in French) is the historical capital city of Normandy, in northwestern France on the River Seine, and currently the capital Lillebonne is a town and commune of France in the département of Seine-Maritime, 3 Rouen becomes the capital of the Seconde Lyonnaise, one of two provinces of Gaul. Gaul (Gallia was the Roman name for the region of Western Europe comprising present day northern Italy, France, Belgium, western
- 450 - Franks and Neustria
- After the Frankish invasion, the region becomes part of Neustria. Francia or Frankia, later also called the Frankish Empire (imperium Francorum Frankish Kingdom (Latin regnum Francorum, "Kingdom of the The territory of Neustria or Neustrasia, meaning "new land" originated in 511 made up of the regions from Aquitaine to the English Channel, Rouen and its bishop Praetextatus get closely involved in some tragic battle with Clovis’ successor.
- 619 - Foundation of Abbey of Saint-Wandrille
- In the VIIth century, Church growth has an effect on the creation of abbeys in the Seine valley. Fontenelle Abbey or the Abbey of St Wandrille is a Benedictine monastery in the commune of Saint-Wandrille-Rançon near Caudebec-en-Caux in Former King Dagobert I’ counsellor, Wandrille helped the building of one of the biggest monastic centers of Northern Gaul during the Carolingian era. Dagobert I (c 603 &ndash 19 January 639) was the king of Austrasia (623&ndash634 king of all the Franks (629&ndash634 and king of Saint Wandregisel (or Wandrille) was a Frank born in Austrasia in the neighbourhood of Verdun in the late 6th or early 7th century The Carolingian dynasty (known variously as the Carlovingians, Carolings, or Karlings) was a Frankish noble family with its origins in the The abbey of Jumièges is also founded in 654. Jumièges is a commune of the Seine-Maritime département, in Normandy, France.
- 841 - The Vikings
- Blazes, pillages. A Viking is one of the Norse ( Scandinavian Explorers Warriors Merchants, and pirates who raided and colonized wide areas . . The town of Rouen is ravaged. Foulques, abbot of Saint-Wandrille, saves temporarily its abbey for a ransom. Folquet de Marselha, alternatively Folquet de Marseille, Foulques de Toulouse, Fulk of Toulouse (c The Normans (Northmen) settle. The Normans were the people who gave their names to Normandy, a region in northern France.
- 911 – Founding of Normandy
- Due to the Treaty of Saint Clair-sur-Epte, the Frankish king Charles the Simple gives up the region to Rollo, Norwegian war chief settled in Rouen’s location. The Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte was signed in the autumn of 911 between Charles the Simple and Rollo, the leader of the Vikings for the purpose Rollo, occasionally known as Rollo the Viking, (c 860 - c 932 was the founder and first ruler of the Viking principality in what soon became known as The duchy of Normandy is born. The Duchy of Normandy stems from various Danish, Hiberno-Norse, Orkney Viking and Anglo-Danish ( from the Danelaw) invasions of
- 1066 - William, Anglo-Norman conqueror
- The Duke of Normandy, William the Conqueror, invades England. The Anglo-Normans were mainly the descendants of the Normans who ruled England following the conquest by William of Normandy in 1066, although William I of England ( 1027 His reign which brought Norman culture to England had an enormous impact on the subsequent course of England in the Middle Ages He wins the Battle of Hastings, beginning the Norman Conquest. The Battle of Hastings was the decisive Norman victory in the Norman Conquest of England.
- 1144 - A Plantagenet crowned
- After years of fights between William's successors, Normandy is handed over to the Plantagenets. Angevin (ˈændʒəvɪn ( French, from Old French, from Medieval Latin Andegavinus from Andegavia Anjou, France) is the name applied Geoffroy is crowned by force in Rouen.
- 1204 – Linked to France
- Stake of the rivalry with Capetians, the region is annexed to France by Philip II. For a full history of the Capetian family see Capetian dynasty. Philip II Augustus (Philippe Auguste ( 21 August[[ 165]] &ndash 14 July 1223) was the King of France from 1180 until his death
- 1315 - La Charte aux Normands
- Because of riots, French Kings are obliged to acknowledge the specificity of the Norman case. As a symbol of local rights, the Charte aux Normands will be effective until the XVIIth century.
- 1415 - 1449 – Hundred Years' War
- Harfleur is invaded in 1415 and shows the start of a new conquest led by Henry V of England. The Hundred Years' War (Guerre de Cent Ans was a prolonged conflict lasting from 1337 to 1453 between two royal houses for the French throne vacant with the extinction of the senior Harfleur is a commune in the Seine-Maritime département of the Haute-Normandie region of northern France. Henry V (16 September 1386 &ndash 31 August 1422 was one of the most significant English warrior kings of the 15th century On 19 February of 1419 Rouen pass into English hands, after a tragic one-month long assault. Events 197 - Roman Emperor Septimius Severus defeats usurper Clodius Albinus in the Battle of Lugdunum In 1431, Joan of Arc is sentenced in Rouen as an heretic and witch by an ecclesiastic tribunal (including the bishop Cauchon). Joan of Arc (c 1412 Joan asserted that she had visions from God that told her to recover her homeland from English domination late in the Hundred Years' Cauchon is a surname and may refer to Pierre Cauchon (1371 - 1442 bishop of Beauvais Joseph Édouard Cauchon (1816 – 1885 Quebec On 30 May, she is burnt alive. Events 1416 - The Council of Constance, called by the Emperor Sigismund a supporter of Antipope John XXIII burns Jerome of Prague following Given back to France in 1449, Normandy watches the last English troops driven from Dieppe in 1453. Dieppe is a town and commune in the Seine-Maritime department and Haute-Normandie region of France.
- 1517 – Le Havre founded
- For military and commercial purposes, Francis I of France founds Le-Havre-de-Grâce (now Le Havre). Le Havre is a city in the northwest region of France situated on the right bank of the mouth of the Seine River as it outlets into the Bay of the Seine Francis I (September 12 1494 &ndash March 31 1547 was crowned King of France in 1515 in the cathedral at Reims and reigned until 1547
- 1639 - The “va-nu-pieds” revolt
- The region is richer but its inhabitants are weighed down by high taxes. The “va-nu-pieds” riot starts in Rouen, followed by a terrible repression conducted by Richelieu. Rouen (ʁwɑ̃ in French) is the historical capital city of Normandy, in northwestern France on the River Seine, and currently the capital This article is about a cardinal For information on the Russian also called The Red Eminence, see Mikhail Andreyevich Suslov.
- 1667 – Royal drapery in Elbeuf
- Colbert creates the royal manufacture of drapery in Elbeuf. Elbeuf is a town and commune of the Seine-Maritime département, in France.
- 1790 - La Seine-Inférieure
- Normandy is divided into five departments. Seine-Inférieure is established with its administrative center at Rouen. Seine-Maritime is a French department in Normandy. Before 1955 it was known as Seine-Inférieure. Rouen (ʁwɑ̃ in French) is the historical capital city of Normandy, in northwestern France on the River Seine, and currently the capital
- 1800 – Five, then three, arrondissements
- The arrondissements of Rouen, Dieppe, Le Havre, Neufchâtel and Yvetot are created and would be suppressed only in 1926. An arrondissement is an Administrative division in some French or Dutch -speaking countries Yvetot is a commune in the Seine-Maritime département in the Haute-Normandie region of France.
- 1843 – Railways and industry
- In Rouen, Elbeuf, and Bolbec, the number of textile factories is increasing. Bolbec is a commune and chief town of a canton in the Seine-Maritime département of the Haute-Normandie region of northern Metallurgy and naval construction as well. At the end of the XVIIIth century, the region sees an important industrial revolution and in the spring of 1843, spring, the railway of Rouen allows the town to be the first linked with Paris.
- 1942 – World War II - Early Allied landings
- Occupied by the Wehrmacht, Seine-Maritime is the witness of two Allied military raids in 1942. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Wehrmacht (literally "defense force" was the name of the unified Armed forces of Germany from 1935 to 1945 During the night of 27th to 28 February, in the Bruneval raid, British parachutists destroy a German radar station and leave almost unscathed. Events 202 BC - coronation ceremony of Liu Bang as Emperor Gaozu of Han takes place initiating four centuries of the Han Dynasty 's rule During World War II, Operation Biting (also known as the Bruneval Raid was a successful Combined Operations raid to capture components of a German Würzburg The Parachute Regiment is the Airborne Infantry element of the British Army. Radar is a system that uses electromagnetic waves to identify the range altitude direction or speed of both moving and fixed objects such as Aircraft, ships However, 19 August, in Dieppe, the Jubilee operation consisting of 6000 Canadian soldiers is a bloody failure except in the value of the lessons it taught. Events 43 BC - Octavian, later known as Augustus compels the Roman Senate to elect him Consul. Dieppe is a town and commune in the Seine-Maritime department and Haute-Normandie region of France. The Dieppe Raid, also known as The Battle of Dieppe or Operation Jubilee, during the Second World War, was an Allied attack on the These were valuable in planning later landings such as that in Normandy, 1944.
- 1944 - Liberation and pain
- Seine-Maritime pays a high price for its freedom. In Rouen, 2,000 people are killed and 60,000 wounded during the red week. In Le Havre, the French town having recorded the highest number of losses during the war, bombings kill 5,000 people.
- 1955 - Seine-Maritime
- The department’s name is changed to Seine-Maritime on January 18, 1955. Events 350 - Generallus Magnentius deposes Roman Emperor Constans and proclaims himself Emperor Year 1955 ( MCMLV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar) Since then, all department names starting with "Bas-" (Low-) or including "Inférieur" have been gradually switched to a more "positive" denomination, with the exception of the department Bas-Rhin.
- 1959 – Tancarville Bridge
- The Tancarville Bridge is opened, followed in 77 by the Brotonne bridge. Tancarville is a commune in the Seine-Maritime département of the Haute-Normandie region of northern France. The Tancarville Bridge ( Pont de Tancarville in French) is a Suspension bridge that crosses the Seine River and connects Tancarville
- 1995 – Pont de Normandie
- The highest suspension bridge in the world, the Pont de Normandie, is built. The Pont de Normandie (or Bridge of Normandy) is a cable-stayed road bridge that spans the river Seine linking Le Havre to Honfleur
- 2005 - Le Havre
- Le Havre has been classified as a World Heritage Site since July 2005. Le Havre is a city in the northwest region of France situated on the right bank of the mouth of the Seine River as it outlets into the Bay of the Seine A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a site (such as a Forest, Mountain, Lake, Desert, Monument, Building, complex
Geography
The department includes the chalky plateau of the Pays de Caux and the cliffs of the English Channel coast. The Pays de Caux is an area in Normandy occupying the greater part of the French département of Seine Maritime in Haute-Normandie There are two types of landscape - the dry chalky plateaux which are under intense arable cultivation, and generally flat. This is a "champaign" landscape characterised by huge fields with very few hedgerows. Champaign is a city in Champaign County, Illinois, in the United States.
In contrast, there are deep valleys forming a reticulum which is carved into the plateaux. These are often a surprise to the visitor, as they are not visible from most parts of the plateaux. They form a much more intimate landscape, with woodlands (many of them ancient woodlands) of beech and oak, and small fields and meadows along the streams. ‘ Ancient Woodland ’ is a term used in the United Kingdom to refer specifically to Woodland dating back to 1600 or before in England and Wales This is known as "bocage" landscape. Bocage is a Norman word which has entered both the French and English languages The major example of this is the Pays de Bray, part of which is included in the eastern end of the département. The Pays de Bray is a small (about 750 km² Natural region of France situated to the north-east of Rouen, straddling the French départements
Culture
Madame Bovary by Gustave Flaubert is set in Seine Maritime. Madame Bovary is a Novel by Gustave Flaubert, who was attacked for obscenity by public prosecutors when it was first serialized in La Revue de Gustave Flaubert (gystaːv flobɛːʁ in French ( December 12, 1821 &ndash May 8, 1880) was a French writer who is counted among
The novel La Place by Annie Ernaux largely takes place in Seine-Maritime and describes events and changes that take place in relation to French society in the 20th century especially in relation to the rural population. Annie Ernaux (born in Lillebonne on September 1, 1940) is a French writer
Cauchois is the local dialect, and is one of the most vibrant forms of Norman language beyond Cotentinais
See also
- Cantons of the Seine-Maritime department
- Communes of the Seine-Maritime department
- Arrondissements of the Seine-Maritime department
External links
- (French) General Council website
- (French) Communes 76
- (French) Prefecture website
- (English) Seine-Saint-Denis Tourism Guide
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