| Mega-CD | |
| Manufacturer | Sega |
|---|---|
| Type | Video game console add-on |
| Generation | 16-bit era |
| First available | JP December 1, 1991 NA October 15, 1992 EU April 1993 |
| CPU | MC68000 @ 12. A console manufacturer is a company that manufactures and distributes Video game consoles It is also known as a first-party Video game publisher. is a multinational Video game Software and Hardware development company and a former Home computer Video games were introduced as a commercial entertainment medium in 1971, becoming the basis for an important entertainment industry in the late 1970s/early 1980s in the United For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. Events 800 - Charlemagne judges the accusations against Pope Leo III in the Vatican Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar. Events 533 - Byzantine General Belisarius makes his formal entry into Carthage, having conquered it from the Year 1992 ( MCMXCII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar) Events March &mdash In Sweden, the Swedish Video game Magazine Super PLAY (SP starts The Motorola 68000 is a 16/32-bit CISC Microprocessor core designed and marketed by Freescale Semiconductor (formerly Motorola Semiconductor 5 MHz |
| Media | CD-ROM |
| System storage | Internal RAM |
| Units sold | 6 million[1] |
| Successor | Sega 32X |
The Sega Mega-CD (メガCD Mega Shī Dī?) is an add-on device for the Sega Mega Drive that was released in Europe, Australia, New Zealand, Japan and North America, where it was renamed Sega CD. CD-ROM (an initialism of "Compact Disc Read-Only Memory " is a pre-pressed Compact Disc that contains data accessible to but not writable This is a list of Video game consoles and Handheld game consoles that have sold or shipped at least one million units The Sega 32X ( Japanese: セガ スーパー32X codenamed Project Mars is an add-on for the Sega Mega Drive Video game console by Sega The is a 16-bit Video game console released by Sega in Japan in 1988 North America in 1989 and the PAL region in 1990 For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. The device upgraded the functions of the Mega drive (Genesis in North America) and added a CD-rom drive that allowed the user to play games on a cd-rom, audio CDs, and CD+G discs. A CD+G (also known as CD+Graphics) is a special audio Compact disc that contains Graphics Data in addition to the audio data
The development of the Mega-CD was confidential; game developers were not made aware of what exactly they were working on until the add-on was finally revealed at the Tokyo Toy Show in Japan. The Sega Mega-CD was designed to compete with the PC Engine (TurboGrafx-16) in Japan, which had a separate CD-ROM drive. The, known as TurboGrafx-16 in the USA is a Video game console developed by the Nippon Electric Company (NEC and released in Japan on October
The Sega Mega-CD was not meant to compete with the Super Famicom (Super Nintendo Entertainment System outside Japan). The Super Nintendo Entertainment System or Super NES (also called SNES and Super Nintendo) is a 16-bit Video game console that was This posed a problem in the markets outside of Japan, where the PC Engine did not fare very well, and the expectation was that the Mega-CD would be in competition with Nintendo.
The first version of the system sat under the Mega Drive console and loaded CDs via a motorized tray. The second version of the system, dubbed Mega-CD 2, had the CD-ROM drive relocated to the right of the Sega Mega Drive system, changed to a top-loading CD-ROM drive with a lid, and was meant primarily to be used with the redesigned Sega Mega Drive 2. However the original model of the Sega Mega Drive could still be used with the addition of an extension that allowed the system to firmly sit on the add-on without overhanging the edge (the Sega Mega Drive still sat on top of the system, but to a much lesser extent than before).
Contents |
The Mega-CD was released first in Japan in December 1, 1991. During its lifespan the Sega Mega Drive and Genesis quite possibly received more officially licensed variations than any other console was a Japanese consumer Electronics company, founded in 1951. Events 800 - Charlemagne judges the accusations against Pope Leo III in the Vatican Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar. Its retail price was about ¥49,800. Initially, it was a great success because of the inherent advantages of CDs (high storage capacity and the low cost of media).
Despite having been on sale for over 2 years, by March 1994 the MEGA-CD had only sold 380,000[2] units in Japan, which meant that only 11% of Japanese Mega Drive owners had purchased the add-on unit.
The Sega CD had been announced at the Chicago CES on January 1992. Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. The International Consumer Electronics Show (CES is a Trade show held each January in Las Vegas, Nevada, and is sponsored The Mega Drive had been renamed to Genesis for the consoles lease and Sega of America chose to repeat the operation with the Mega CD renaming it Sega CD.
Many people felt there was not enough value for the price. Moreover, the game experience was little improved. Players came to have high expectations for the add-on, and Sega even promised that the Sega CD would allow a higher color palette than the Genesis. Graphically, most games ended up looking not much better than normal Sega Genesis games, although the sound quality was higher, thanks to the CD format of the games.
In Europe the Mega-CD was thought to be overpriced. It was released in April 1993 in the United Kingdom. Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Unlike the Mega Drive, which was a very successful console in Europe, only 60,000 of the 70,000 Mega-CDs shipped to Europe were sold by August 1993. The is a 16-bit Video game console released by Sega in Japan in 1988 North America in 1989 and the PAL region in 1990
Some European countries (Spain for instance), would not get the original Mega-CD, but the Mega-CD 2, which also slowed sales. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.
The Mega-CD was released on 19 April 1993 in Australia. Events 1012 - Martyrdom of Alphege in Greenwich London. 1529 - At the Second Diet of Speyer Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics.
The Sega-CD 2 was launched in the Brazilian market exactly at the same time of the U. S. release. Since the original Sega-CD was never released there, it was simply called "Sega-CD". However, because several Mega-CD units imported from Japan were already in the market, it was informally known as "Mega-CD". It was manufactured locally by Tec Toy. Tectoy (known as Tec Toy before late 2007 is a Brazilian Videogame and Electronics company
Sega wanted to showcase the power of the Mega CD, and so focused on "FMV" games rather than taking advantage of the extra storage space of the CD media. Full motion video based games, usually abbreviated as FMV-based games, are Video games that rely upon pre-recorded TV -quality movie or Sega insisted on licensing and producing primarily "full motion video" games similar to earlier Laserdisc games, that were universally panned by game reviewers. The Laserdisc (LD is an obsolete Home video disc format and was the first commercial Optical disc storage medium The limited 64-color palette of the system, combined with the processor not being well-suited for video, did not lend itself well to reproducing video, resulting in grainy video in most games.
Another criticism of the software library was that most titles consisted of Shovelware, in which a developer takes an existing title and adds minor new content (usually a CD audio soundtrack, or video sequences) while not expanding the original game itself. Shovelware is a derogatory Computer jargon term that refers to Software noted more for the quantity of what is included than for the quality or usefulness Few titles received major changes, but two exceptions were Earthworm Jim which featured additional levels and game changes, and The Amazing Spider-Man vs. The Kingpin, which featured many changes, which drastically restructured the game, making it less linear, and adding animated cut scenes. Earthworm Jim is a Run and gun platform Video game starring an Earthworm named Jim in a Robotic suit who battles The Amazing Spider-Man vs The Kingpin (also known as Spider-Man Vs
Despite a somewhat lackluster library of games, the console introduced very famous franchises. The Lunar series, which despite the relatively narrow circulation the two titles on the Mega CD received, went on to be critically acclaimed and became a cult classic, with both games receiving remakes for the PlayStation and Sega Saturn in the late 90's; and a prequel to the series for the Nintendo DS in 2005. The Lunar games made by Game Arts and published in the United States by Working Designs, and later Ubisoft, are a series of console RPGs The PlayStation (abbreviated PS, PSone, PS1, or informally as PSX) is a 32-bit fifth generation Video game console The is a 32-bit Video game console that was first released on November 22 1994 in Japan, May 11 1995 in North America The English publisher of the two Lunar titles, Working Designs, also published another RPG for the platform, entitled Vay. Working Designs was an American Video game publisher that specialized in the localization of Japan -native RPGs, strategy games and top-down While it received generally positive reviews, the game did not obtain the same popularity as the Lunar titles. Working Designs also published Popful Mail for the Mega CD. is a side-scrolling Platform game. Popful Mail was developed by Nihon Falcom for the NEC PC-8801 computer in 1991 and for the Another notable title was the cult-classic Snatcher, a cyber-punk digital comic released by Konami and designed by Hideo Kojima and the only version of the game released in English. is a Cyberpunk -themed Adventure game published by Konami and originally written and directed by Hideo Kojima. Cyberpunk is a Science fiction genre noted for its focus on " High tech and low life. Digital comics are Comics created directly on a Computer, as opposed to comics that are drawn with conventional media scanned and colored on a computer () is a leading developer and publisher of numerous popular and strong-selling toys Trading cards, Anime, Tokusatsu, Slot machines is a Japanese video game designer originally employed at Konami.
One exclusive game that was published for the Mega CD is the now famous Sonic the Hedgehog CD, or Sonic CD. or simply Sonic CD, is a Platform game in the Sonic the Hedgehog series, developed by a different division at Sega rather than Sonic Team Sonic CD is praised for having good graphics, superior CD sound, and an innovative style of stages, having four versions of each of the three zones in each stage. Many fans praise the game as the best of the series for these reasons.
The following models were released:
The Sega Mega-CD specifications were as follows:[3]
The main CPU is a 12. The Pioneer LaserActive was a short-lived Laserdisc -based game console released by Pioneer in 1993 5-MHz 16-bit Motorola 68000 processor. The hertz (symbol Hz) is a measure of Frequency, informally defined as the number of events occurring per Second. A bit is a binary digit, taking a value of either 0 or 1 Binary digits are a basic unit of Information storage and communication The Motorola 68000 is a 16/32-bit CISC Microprocessor core designed and marketed by Freescale Semiconductor (formerly Motorola Semiconductor The Mega Drive/Genesis has the same processor, but at a lower clock rate of 7. The clock rate is the fundamental rate in cycles per second (measured in Hertz) at which a Computer performs its most basic operations such as adding two 67 MHz (NTSC) / 7. 61 MHz (PAL).
(Above specs prior to compression)
| BIOS Version | Machine |
| 1. A kilobyte (derived from the SI prefix Kilo -, meaning 1000 is a unit of Information or Computer storage equal to either 1024 A megabit is a unit of Information or computer storage abbreviated Mbit (or Mb) (kɑːrɑːˌoʊkɛ in Japanese karaoke) is a form of Entertainment in which Amateur Singers sing along with recorded Music (and/or a A millisecond (from Milli- and Second; abbreviation ms is one thousandth of a Second. 02 | Pioneer LaserActive Mega LD (Japan/North America) (based on ver. 0. 98 proto Mega-CD BIOS) |
| 1. 00 | Original Mega-CD (Europe/Japan) |
| 1. 10 | Original Sega CD (North America) |
| 2. 00 | Mega-CD 2 (Europe/Japan), Sega CD 2 (North America) |
| 2. 11 | Mega-CD 2 (Europe/Japan), Sega CD 2 (North America) |
| 2. 21 | Sega Multi-Mega (Europe/Japan), Sega Genesis CDX (North America) |
The Mega-CD adds the Ricoh RF5C164 chip, which gives 8 extra sound channels, all capable of sampled sounds, to the Mega Drive's YM2612 and SN76489 chips. YM2612, aka OPN2, is a six-channel sound synthesizer IC, or Sound chip, produced by Yamaha. The SN76489 Digital Complex Sound Generator (DCSG is a TTL -compatible Programmable Sound Generator chip from Texas Instruments.
While the system was in development, several US video game magazines such as Electronic Gaming Monthly and Gamepro had published reports that the Sega CD was going to be able to display more on-screen colors than the Sega Genesis. Electronic Gaming Monthly (often abbreviated to EGM) is an American Video game magazine. GamePro is an American Video game magazine published monthly The magazine was first established in Redwood City California in 1989 by Pat Ferrell It appears that there had been some discussion about upgrading the hardware in the Sega CD to compete with the color capabilities of the Super Nintendo, but it was vetoed. The is an add-on device for the Sega Mega Drive that was released in Europe, Australia, New Zealand, Japan. The Super Nintendo Entertainment System or Super NES (also called SNES and Super Nintendo) is a 16-bit Video game console that was
A common myth surrounding the Mega-CD is in regard to the number of colors it can display on-screen. Like the unexpanded Mega Drive/Genesis, the published specifications of the Mega-CD indicate that the system can produce up to 64 colors on-screen out of a global palette of 512 (the same color palette of the Mega Drive). However, many people claim that some games, such as Snatcher, Jurassic Park and Eternal Champions: Challenge From The Dark Side, exceeded the on-screen limit with the use of programming tricks, achieving 112, 192, even 256 colors simultaneously. is a Cyberpunk -themed Adventure game published by Konami and originally written and directed by Hideo Kojima. Soon after the announcement of the 1993 Jurassic Park Feature film, based on the critically acclaimed novel by Michael Crichton, developers Eternal Champions is a 2D Fighting game developed by Sega, and released in 1993 Some versions of this rumor claim that there was a version of the Cinepak video codec that could render FMV in 256 colors on the Mega-CD as well.
The idea of displaying more than 64 colors at once in Mega-CD games is not groundless. What is not widely realized, however, is that the Mega-CD breaks this limit with the same methods that can be executed on an unexpanded console, and also that these methods are all severely limited in practical use.
The most common way of displaying extra colors is with the use of raster effects, which involve simply changing the on-screen color palette in between TV scanlines as the picture is being drawn. Sonic games use this to make underwater effects. A lesser known trick is to use the priority bit of a pixel for color purposes, allowing any color to have 3 shades (normal, bright and dim) and effectively tripling the number of colors available onscreen. However, this trick compromises the video display processor's capabilities so drastically that it was rarely ever used, especially for in-game graphics. Finally, many developers simply relied on dithering, a simple artist's method of drawing pixels of two similar colors in an alternating, checkerboard-like manner, and relying on the inaccuracy of composite or RF video signals to blend the colors together into a third color. Dither is an intentionally applied form of Noise, used to randomize Quantization error, thereby preventing large-scale patterns such as contouring that are more objectionable On a side note, this same method could be used to make a fake transparency just by leaving every other pixel blank.
The programming trick which many mistakenly believe can be used to display extra colors on the Mega-CD is called HAM, or Hold And Modify. Hold-and-Modify (more commonly known as HAM) is a screenmode of the Commodore Amiga computer This complicated trick was used with the Commodore Amiga line of computers with the same goal of raising the on-screen color limit. The Amiga is a family of Personal computers originally developed by Amiga Corporation. However, the Amiga could also use raster effects, and this is where the confusion most likely started. At some point, it was probably said that a trick similar to one used on the Amiga could be used with the Mega-CD to display extra colors on-screen. Since people knew there was a trick to get extra colors out of the Amiga called HAM, they may have then assumed that the Mega-CD could use HAM as well. However, the Mega-CD has no support for this or a similar function at all whereas the Amiga's graphic chip was designed for it.
Several Mega Drive/Genesis titles (As well as franchises appearing on other platforms) were ported to Sega's CD format. The Sega Mega-CD is an add-on for the Sega Mega Drive. In early 1991 Sega announced the Mega-CD for release in Japan in late 1991 and in North America (as the Sega The CD counterparts usually offered reworked soundtracks, and slightly improved graphics. Some of these titles and their differences: