A sedan car, American English terminology (saloon in U.K. English), is one of the most common body styles of the modern automobile. Phonology North American English regional phonology In many ways compared to English English, North American English is conservative in its Phonology. English language in England refers to the English language as spoken in England, part of the United Kingdom. Cars can come in a large variety of different body styles. Some are still in production while others are of historical interest only At its most basic, the sedan is a passenger car with two rows of seats and adequate passenger space in the rear compartment for adult passengers. The vehicle most commonly has a separate trunk (boot in British English), for luggage at the rear. However, rear-engined sedans include models by Chevrolet, Tatra, and Volkswagen. In Automobile design, a rear-engine design layout places the Engine at the rear of the vehicle The Chevrolet Corvair was an Automobile produced by the Chevrolet division of General Motors from 1959 to 1969 for the 1960&ndash1969 Model The Tatra T613 was a large rear engined automobile manufactured by Tatra in the 1970's as a replacement for the Tatra T603 series The Volkswagen Type 3, properly referred to as the Volkswagen 1500 and later the Volkswagen 1600, was a range of small cars from German manufacturer
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Types of sedan
Several versions of the body style exist, including four-door, two-door, and fastback models. A fastback is a Car body style whose roofline slopes continuously down at the back
A sedan seats four or more people and has a fixed roof that is full-height up to the rear window. GlassWindowjpg|thumb|right|190px|A stained glass panel depicting Biblical scenes at a historic church in Scotland]] A window is an opening The roof structure will typically have a fixed "B" pillar on sedan models. An A-pillar is a name applied by car stylists and enthusiasts to the shaft of material that supports the windshield (windscreen on either of the windshield frame sides Most commonly it is a four-door; two-door models are rare, but they do occur (more so historically). In the U. S. , the term sedan has been used to denote a car with fixed window frames, as opposed to the hardtop style without a "B" pillar and where the sash, if any, winds down with the glass. A hardtop is a term for a rigid rather than canvas Automobile roof However, true hardtops have become increasingly rare.
Notchback sedans
A notchback sedan is a three-box sedan, where the passenger volume is clearly distinct from the trunk volume of the vehicle (when seen from the side). Notchback is a form of Car body style; in different parts of the world the precise definition varies The roof is on one plane, generally parallel to the ground, the rear window at a sharp angle to the roof, and the trunk lid is also parallel to the ground. Historically, this has been a popular and arguably the most traditional form of passenger vehicle.
Fastback sedans
A fastback sedan is a two-box sedan, with continuous slope from the roof to the base of the decklid, but excludes the hatchback feature. The Audi A6 is an Executive car produced by the German Automaker Audi. A fastback is a Car body style whose roofline slopes continuously down at the back The decklid (or boot lid) is the cover over the trunk/boot of Motor vehicles that allows access to the main Storage or Luggage Hatchback is a term designating an Automobile design containing a passenger cabin with an integrated Cargo space accessed from behind the vehicle by a single
Marketing terminology is often misleading in this area - for example, Daimler AG calls the Mercedes-Benz CLS-Class sedan a four-door coupé because of its semi-fastback design tries to give the impression of a coupé. In popular usage "marketing" is the promotion of products especially Advertising and Branding However in professional usage the term has a wider meaning of Daimler AG ( (formerly DaimlerChrysler AG) is a German car corporation (not to be confused with the British car-maker Daimler Motor Company) and The Mercedes-Benz CLS is a luxury car series of Automobile models assembled by Daimler AG in Sindelfingen, Germany and Mercedes-Benz-Valdez Certain sedans are edging close to being one-box vehicles, where the windshield is steeply raked from the hood and the rear window slopes toward almost the end of the car, leaving just a short rear deck that is part of the trunk lid - the 2006 4-door Honda Civic is an example of this. The Honda Civic is a line of subcompact / Compact cars manufactured by Honda. They are not fastbacks because their bodyline changes from the roof to the rear deck. Their steeply raked rear windows end with a decklid that does not continue down to the bumper. The decklid (or boot lid) is the cover over the trunk/boot of Motor vehicles that allows access to the main Storage or Luggage Instead, their rear ends are tall - sometimes in a Kammback style - to increase trunk space. A Kammback is a Car body style that derives from the research of the German aerodynamicist Wunibald Kamm in the 1930s this research itself deriving
Typically this design is chosen for its aerodynamic advantages. Automakers can no longer afford the penalty in fuel consumption produced by the traditional notchback three box form. Fuel efficiency, in its basic sense is the same as Thermal efficiency, meaning the efficiency of a process that converts chemical potential energy contained in a carrier Notchback is a form of Car body style; in different parts of the world the precise definition varies
Two-door sedan
- See also: Coupé
The Society of Automotive Engineers defines such a vehicle as any two-door model with rear accommodation greater than or equal to 33 cubic feet (0. SAE International (SAE is a professional organization for mobility engineering professionals in the Aerospace, Automotive, and commercial Vehicle industries 93 m³) in volume (a calculation made by adding the legroom, shoulder room, and headroom). By this standard, the Chevrolet Monte Carlo, Ferrari 612 Scaglietti, and Mercedes-Benz CL-Class coupés are all two-door sedans. The Chevrolet Monte Carlo was an American-made automobile Originally introduced by Chevrolet for the 1970 model year (as competition with the Ford Thunderbird Ferrari SpA is an Italian Sports car manufacturer based in Maranello, Italy The Ferrari 612 Scaglietti (skal-yeti is a Gran Turismo car produced by Ferrari since 2004 The Mercedes-Benz CL-Class is a full-sized Grand tourer produced by the German Automaker Mercedes-Benz, which stands for Comfort Only a few sources, however (including the magazine Car and Driver), use the two-door sedan label in this manner. Car and Driver is an American automotive enthusiast Magazine.
In the popular vernacular, a two-door sedan is defined by appearance and not by volume; vehicles with a B-pillar between the front and rear windows are generally called two-door sedans, while hardtops (without the pillar, and often incorporating a sloping backlight) are called coupés.
The Mazda RX-8 meets the volume requirement to be called a sedan, but it has vestigial rear-hinged rear doors, so some call it 2+2-door sedan. ( is a Japanese automotive manufacturer based in Hiroshima, Japan. The Mazda RX-8 is a Sports car manufactured by Mazda Motor Corporation. Another term for a coupé endowed with rear-hinged doors is a "quad coupé. " Although this may simply be vernacular, based on a possible copyright by General Motors, for its Saturn Ion Quad-Coupe. General Motors Corporation ( GM) ( is a multinational automobile manufacturer founded in 1908 and headquartered in the United States. The Saturn Ion was a Compact car sold by the Saturn Marque of American Automaker General Motors between the 2003 and
Hardtop sedans
In historic terminology a sedan will have a frame around the door windows, while the hardtop has frameless door glass. A hardtop is a term for a rigid rather than canvas Automobile roof A true hardtop sedan design also has no "B" pillar (the roof support behind the front doors). A hardtop is a term for a rigid rather than canvas Automobile roof This body style has an open feel, but requires extra underbody strengthening for structural rigidity. The hardtop design can be considered separately (i. e. , a vehicle can be simply called a four-door hardtop), or it can be called a hardtop sedan. During the 1960s and 1970s, hardtop sedans were often sold as sport sedans by American manufacturers and were among the top selling body styles. During the 1980s, automakers in the U. S. focused on removing weight and increasing strength, and their new four-door sedans with B-pillars were called pillared hardtops or pillared sedans. The sport sedan term has since been appropriated for other uses. In Japan, and among Japanese manufacturers worldwide, the hardtop design was popular among luxury sedans throughout the 1990s.
Hatchback sedan
Hatchback (a. Hatchback is a term designating an Automobile design containing a passenger cabin with an integrated Cargo space accessed from behind the vehicle by a single k. a. liftback) sedans typically have the fastback profile, but instead of a trunk lid, the entire back of the vehicle lifts up (using a liftgate or hatch). A liftback is a Car body style in which the cargo space (boot is accessed through a Tailgate that extends up to the higher end of the C-pillar and includes A fastback is a Car body style whose roofline slopes continuously down at the back A vehicle with four passenger doors and a liftgate at the rear can be called a four-door hatchback, four-door hatchback sedan, or five-door sedan. An example of such is the Chevrolet Malibu Maxx. The Chevrolet Malibu (named after Malibu California) is a Mid-size car produced in the United States by General Motors. There can also be two-door hatchback sedans (three-door sedans), by the same technical explanation for two-door sedans. Examples of this design are the Volkswagen Golf, and Renault Vel Satis. The Volkswagen Golf or VW Golf ( Mk1 and Mk5 badged as Volkswagen Rabbit in the United States and Canada, Mk1 badged as Volkswagen The Renault Vel Satis is an mid-size Luxury car or Executive car produced by the French manufacturer Renault.
Chauffeured sedans
Chauffeured limousine sedans are primarily used by businesses for meetings as well as for airport transportation. A limousine (or limo) is a longer than normal Luxury car. The chassis may have been extended by the manufacturer or by an independent coach builder traditionally A limousine (or limo) is a longer than normal Luxury car. The chassis may have been extended by the manufacturer or by an independent coach builder traditionally Main vehicles used for these means are usually the Lincoln Town Car, a Cadillac, or a Mercedes. The Lincoln Town Car is a Full-size, Rear-wheel drive luxury sedan sold by Ford's upscale Lincoln brand Cadillac is a Brand of Luxury vehicles owned by General Motors. Mercedes-Benz is a German manufacturer of luxury Automobiles Buses coaches and Trucks It is currently a division of the Chauffeurs are professional drivers, usually with experience in the transportation industry or tourism industry. A chauffeur is an individual who operates any self-propelled vehicle ( Automobile) for a profession. Transport or transportation is the movement of people and goods from one place to another Tourism is Travel for Recreational or Leisure purposes The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people who "travel Chauffeured sedans are owned either by private owners, livery services, or corporations. Large corporations as well as governments commonly provide luxury sedans to their top executives as well as VIP guests. Chauffeured sedans, such as the Lincoln Town Car, may also be stretched into limousines that are capable of seating up to twenty people. Another, smaller number of chauffeured sedans are owned by private individuals who hire chauffeurs to drive them in their own cars.
Terminology
Origin
The word sedan is possibly derived from a southern Italian dialect derivative of Italian sedia "chair" (the first sedan was said to have been introduced from Naples). The litter is a class of Wheelless Vehicles a type of Human-powered transport, for the transport of persons Italian ( or lingua italiana) is a Romance language spoken by about 63 million people as a First language, primarily in Italy. Naples ( Napoli, Neapolitan: Nàpule) is a historic City in southern Italy, the Capital of the However, Portuguese and Spanish navigators and colonists encountered litters of various sorts in India, Japan, Mexico, and Peru. The Portuguese people (os Portugueses literally the Portuguese) are the Ethnic group or Nation native to the country of Portugal, in the west The litter is a class of Wheelless Vehicles a type of Human-powered transport, for the transport of persons India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. Peru (Perú Piruw Piruw officially the Republic of Peru ( reˈpuβlika del peˈɾu is a country in western South America. They were imported into Spain in the late sixteenth century. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Soon the fashion spread into France and then England. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland All the names for these derived from the root "sed-" from the Latin "sella" - the traditional name for a carried chair. Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. [1]
The derivation from the town of Sedan in France, where it was said to have been made or first used, lacks historical evidence, according to OED. The Oxford English Dictionary ( OED) published by the Oxford University Press (OUP is a comprehensive Dictionary of the English The word sedan was later used to refer to a litter or windowed box containing a passenger seat carried by two or more bearers.
International terminology
In North American English and American Spanish, the term sedan is used. North American English is a collective term used for the varieties of the English language that are spoken in North America, namely in the United States
In British English the configuration is called a saloon and has its engine under the bonnet at the front, and a boot for luggage at the rear. British English or UK English ( BrE, BE, en-GB) is the broad term used to distinguish the forms of the English language used in the The British English term is sometimes used by British car manufacturers in the United States. For example, the Rolls-Royce Park Ward was sold as a saloon in the United States, while the smaller Silver Seraph was called a sedan. A Rolls-Royce car may refer to vehicles produced by Rolls-Royce Limited (1906-1973 Rolls-Royce Motors (1973-2003 which was owned The Rolls-Royce Silver Seraph, produced from 1998 to 2002 was first unveiled on March 3, 1998 at the Geneva Motor Show.
In Australia and New Zealand, the American term sedan is used, albeit with the British terms boot and bonnet being retained. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island In other languages, sedans are known as berline (French), berlina (Spanish, European Portuguese, Romanian, and Italian); although these terms also may include hatchbacks. French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people European Portuguese (português europeu in Portuguese is a group of Portuguese dialects spoken mainly in Portugal but also in places of Africa and Asia Romanian or Daco-Romanian ( dated: Rumanian or Roumanian; self designation limba română, ˈlimba roˈmɨnə is a Romance Italian ( or lingua italiana) is a Romance language spoken by about 63 million people as a First language, primarily in Italy. These terms, besides sedan, derive from types of horse-drawn carriages. The horse ( Equus caballus) is a hoofed ( Ungulate) Mammal, one of eight living species of the family Equidae. A carriage is a wheeled vehicle for people usually horse-drawn In German, the term Limousine is used for sedans, as well as for limousines. The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages.
References
- ^ T. Atkinson Jenkins. "Origin of the Word Sedan", Hispanic Review, Vol. 1, No. 3 (Jul. , 1933), pp. 240-242.
See also
Cars can come in a large variety of different body styles. Some are still in production while others are of historical interest onlyDapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic