The Sea of Okhotsk (Russian: Охо́тское мо́ре; English Transliteration: Okhotskoye More) is a part of the western Pacific Ocean, lying between the Kamchatka Peninsula on the east, the Kuril Islands on the southeast, the island of Hokkaidō to the far south, the island of Sakhalin along the west, and a long stretch of eastern Siberian coast (including the Shantar Islands) along the west and north. Russian ( transliteration:,) is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages The Romanization of the Russian alphabet is the process of transliterating the Russian language from the Cyrillic alphabet and The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth 's Oceanic divisions The Kuril Islands (ˈkʊrɪl or /ˈkjuˈriˈl/ Кури́льские острова́ əstrʌˈva ru-Latn ''Kuril'skie ostrova'' or Kurile Islands in Russia An island (ˈaɪlənd or isle (/ˈaɪl/ is any piece of land that is completely surrounded by water in two dimensions above high tide and isolated from other significant WikipediaWikiProject Japanese prefectures for guidelines --> formerly known as Ezo, Yezo, Yeso, or Yesso, is Japan 's Sakhalin (Сахали́н səxʌˈlʲin Japanese:nihongo|樺太|karafuto or; Chinese: 庫頁 Kùyè also Saghalien, is a large elongated Siberia (Сиби́рь Sibir) is the name given to the vast region constituting almost all of Northern Asia and for the most part currently serving The Shantar Islands (Острова Шантарские Ostrova Shantarskiye are a group of fifteen islands that lie in Uda Bay, in the southwestern zone of the Sea of It is named after Okhotsk, the first Russian settlement in the Far East. Okhotsk (Охо́тск is an Urban-type settlement and a Seaport at the mouth of the Okhota River on the Sea of Okhotsk, in Khabarovsk Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending Russian Far East (Да́льний Восто́к Росси́и ˈdalʲnʲɪj vʌˈstok rʌˈsʲiɪ is a term that refers to the Russian part of the Far East, i

Contents 1 Geography 2 Name and history 3 Oil reserves 4 Notable seaports 5 References

Geography

The Sea of Okhotsk is connected to the Sea of Japan on either side of Sakhalin: on the west through the Sakhalin Gulf and the Gulf of Tartary; on the south, through the La Pérouse Strait. The Sea of Japan is a Marginal sea of the western Pacific Ocean, bordered by Japan, Korea, North Korea and Russia Sakhalin Gulf (Сахалинский залив is a gulf in the Sea of Okhotsk between continental Russia (north of Amur 's mouth and northern Strait of Tartary ( Gulf of Tartary, Gulf of Tatary, Tatar Strait, Tartar Strait, Strait of Tartar, also Chinese 韃靼海峽 La Pérouse Strait is a Strait dividing the southern part of the Russian island of Sakhalin (Karafuto from the northern part of the Japanese island

In winter, navigation on the Sea of Okhotsk becomes difficult, or even impossible, due to the formation of large ice floes, because the large amount of freshwater from the Amur lowers the salinity and raises the freezing point of the sea. Sea ice is formed from Ocean water that freezes Because the Oceans consist of Saltwater, this occurs at about -1 Salinity is the Saltiness or dissolved salt content of a body of Water. Freezing Point (Chinese 冰點 Bīngdiǎn is a news journal in the People's Republic of China which has been the subject of controversy over its criticism The distribution and thickness of ice floes depends on many factors: the location, the time of year, water currents, and the sea temperatures.

With the exception of Hokkaidō, one of the Japanese Home Islands, the sea is surrounded on all sides by territory administered by the Russian Federation. WikipediaWikiProject Japanese prefectures for guidelines --> formerly known as Ezo, Yezo, Yeso, or Yesso, is Japan 's For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. The, which forms the Country of Japan, extends roughly from northeast to southwest along the northeastern coast of the Eurasia mainland washing upon the northwestern For this reason, it is generally considered as being under Russian sovereignty.

Name and history

The Russian explorers Ivan Moskvitin and Vassili Poyarkov were the first Europeans to visit the Sea of Okhotsk and the island of Sakhalin in the 1640s. Ivan Yuryevich Moskvitin (Иван Юрьевич Москвитин was a Russian explorer presumably a native of Moscow, who led a Russian reconnaissance party Vassili Danilovich Poyarkov (Василий Данилович Поярков in Russian, ? - after 1668 was a Russian Explorer. Sakhalin (Сахали́н səxʌˈlʲin Japanese:nihongo|樺太|karafuto or; Chinese: 庫頁 Kùyè also Saghalien, is a large elongated The first and foremost Russian settlement on the shore was the port of Okhotsk, which relinquished commercial supremacy to Ayan in the 1840s. Okhotsk (Охо́тск is an Urban-type settlement and a Seaport at the mouth of the Okhota River on the Sea of Okhotsk, in Khabarovsk For the feudal lords of Anatolia see Derebey. For the Tamil film currently under production see Ayan (film. The Russian-American Company all but monopolized the commercial navigation of the sea in the first half of the 19th century. The Russian-American Company ( Under His Imperial Majesty's Protection Russian-American Company)was a state-sponsored Trading company begun by Grigory and Natalia

The Second Kamchatka Expedition under Vitus Bering systematically mapped the entire coast of the sea, starting in 1733. The Second Kamchatka expedition (Russian Вторая Камчатская экспедиция was led by Dane Vitus Bering after being chosen by Peter Vitus Jonassen Bering (also less correctly Behring) ( August 1681 &ndash December 19, 1741) was a Danish -born navigator in the La Pérouse and William Robert Broughton were the first non-Russian European navigators known to have passed through these waters. Jean François de Galaup comte de La Pérouse (23 August 1741&ndash1788? was a French Navy officer and Explorer whose expedition vanished in Oceania. William Robert Broughton was a British naval officer in the late 18th century Ivan Krusenstern explored the eastern coast of the Sakhalin in 1805. Adam Johann Ritter von Krusenstern ( November 19, 1770 &ndash August 24, 1846) was a Baltic German Admiral and explorer Mamiya Rinzo and Gennady Nevelskoy determined that the Sakhalin was indeed an island separated from the mainland by a narrow strait. Mamiya Rinzō (間宮 林蔵 1775 - 13 April 1844) was a Japanese explorer of the late Edo period. Gennady Ivanovich Nevelskoy (Генна́дий Ива́нович Невельско́й in Drakino now in Soligalichsky District, Kostroma Oblast  &ndash The first detailed summary of the hydrology of the sea was prepared and published by Stepan Makarov in 1894. Hydrology (from Greek Yδωρ hudōr, "water" and λόγος logos, "study" is the study of the movement distribution and quality of Stepan Osipovich Makarov (Степа́н О́сипович Мака́ров &mdash) was a famous Russian Vice-admiral, a highly accomplished and decorated commander

During the Cold War, the Sea of Okhotsk was the scene of several successful U.S. Navy operations (including Operation Ivy Bells) to tap Soviet Navy undersea communications cables. Cold War is the state of conflict tension and competition that existed between the United States and the Soviet Union (USSR and their respective allies from the Operation Ivy Bells was a US Navy and NSA mission whose objective was to place wire taps on Soviet underwater communication lines The Soviet Navy ( Russian: Военно-морской флот СССР Voyenno-morskoy flot SSSR, literally "Naval military forces of the USSR" was These operations were documented in the book Blind Man's Bluff: The Untold Story of American Submarine Espionage. Blind Man's Bluff The Untold Story of American Submarine Espionage (ISBN 0-06-103004-X published in 1998 by Sherry Sontag, Christopher Drew The sea (and surrounding area) were also the scene of the Soviet PVO Strany attack on Korean Air Flight 007 in 1983. Voyska PVO ( Russian: Войска ПВО or PVO Strany until 1981 was the Air defense branch of the Soviet military Korean Air Lines Flight 007, also known as KAL 007, was a Korean Air Lines civilian Airliner shot down by Soviet jet interceptors The Soviet Pacific Fleet used the Sea as a ballistic missile submarine bastion, a strategy that Russia continues. The Pacific Fleet (Тихоокеанский флот in Russian, or Tikhookeanskiy flot is part of the Russian Navy stationed in the Pacific Ocean A bastion in Naval strategy is a heavily-defended area of water in which friendly naval forces can operate safely Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending

In the Japanese language, the sea has no traditional Japanese name despite its close location to the Japanese territories and is called Ohōtsuku-kai (オホーツク海), which is a transcription of the Russian name. is a language spoken by over 130 million people in Japan and in Japanese emigrant communities Additionally, Abashiri Subprefecture, the part of Hokkaidō which faces the sea, is often called the Okhotsk region (オホーツク地方, Ohōtsuku-chihō^?), named after the sea.

The Sea of Okhotsk was a hotbed for 19th century whaling ships from the United States. Ships would sail from Massachusetts around the tip of South America, to the Sea of Okhotsk, where they would capture whales before returning to the eastern United States. The entire journey took roughly three years, but was undertaken by many in hopes of procuring the revenue associated with the enormous value given to the oil found in whale blubber.

Oil reserves

Twenty-nine zones of possible oil and gas accumulation have been identified on the Sea of Okhotsk shelf which runs along the coast. Total reserves are estimated at 3. 5 billion tons of equivalent fuel, including 1. 2 billion tons of oil and 1. 5 billion cubic meters of gas^[1].

Notable seaports

• Abashiri, Hokkaidō, Japan
• Magadan, Magadan, Russia
• Monbetsu, Hokkaidō, Japan
• Palana, Kamchatka, Russia
• Wakkanai, Hokkaidō, Japan
• Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Sakhalin, Russia

References

• Comprehensive overview of Okhotsk region (pdf).

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