- Sea lion is a common name that does not correspond to a single taxonomic unit. For Wikipedia aspects see WikipediaNaming conventions (common names, WikipediaNaming conventions, and WikipediaStyle manual. For a more comprehensive discussion of all eared seals, including the fur seals, see Otariid. Fur seals are any of nine species of Pinnipeds in the Otariidae family The eared seals or otariids are Marine mammals in the family Otariidae - one of three groupings of Pinnipeds. For other uses of the term "sea lion", see Sea lion (disambiguation).
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Sea lions are any of seven species in six genera of modern pinnipeds including one extinct one (the Japanese sea lion). Moss Landing is a Census-designated place (CDP in Monterey County, California, United States. In Biology, a species is one of the basic units of Biological classification and a Taxonomic rank. A genus (plural genera from Γένος Latin genus "descent family type gender" is a low-level Taxonomic Pinnipeds ("fin-feet" lit "winged feet" or fin-footed mammals are a widely distributed and diverse group of semi-aquatic marine Mammals comprising Japanese Sea Lion ( Zalophus japonicus) is thought to have become Extinct in the 1950s Sea lions are characterized by the presence of external ear pinnae or flaps, long front flippers, and the ability to walk on four flippers on land. The pinna ( Latin for Feather) is the visible part of the Ear that resides outside of the head (this may also be referred to as the auricle or A flipper is typically flat limb evolved for movement through water Their range extends from the subarctic to tropical waters of the global ocean in both the northern and southern hemispheres with the notable exception of the Atlantic Ocean. The Subarctic is a region in the Northern Hemisphere immediately south of the true Arctic and covering much of Alaska, Canada and The Tropics are centered on the Equator and limited in Latitude by the Tropic of Cancer in the northern hemisphere at approximately 23°26' (23 The World Ocean, world ocean, or global ocean is the interconnected system of the Earth 's Oceanic (or marine) Waters Northern Hemisphere is the half of a Planet that is North of the Equator —the word hemisphere literally means 'half ball' Southern Hemisphere is the half of a Planet that is South of the Equator —the word hemisphere literally means 'half ball' They are generally found in shallow waters of coastal areas of both with abundant food resources. [1]
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Taxonomy
Together with the fur seal, they comprise the Otariidae family, collectively known as eared seals. Fur seals are any of nine species of Pinnipeds in the Otariidae family The eared seals or otariids are Marine mammals in the family Otariidae - one of three groupings of Pinnipeds. Until recently, sea lions were grouped under a single subfamily called Otariinae to distinguish them from the fur seals Arcocephalinae, based on the most prominent common feature between all species, namely the lack of dense underfur characteristic of the latter. Recent genetic evidence, however, strongly suggests that the Callorhinus, the genus of the Northern fur seal is more closely related to some sea lion species than to the fur seal genus Arctocephalus. The Northern Fur Seal, Callorhinus ursinus, is an Eared seal found along the north Pacific Ocean, the Bering Sea and the Sea of Okhotsk [2] Therefore the fur seal/sealion subfamily distinction has been largely eliminated. Nonetheless, all sea lions have certain features in common, in particular the coarse, short fur, greater bulk and larger prey than fur seals.
Interactions with humans
Some species of sea lions are readily trainable and are often a popular attraction at zoos and aquariums. The archetypal circus seal performing behaviors such as throwing and catching balls on its nose and clapping is almost always, in fact, a sea lion.
The government of Japan has set a quota of 116 kills per year in Hokkaido, as sea lions are seen as a threat to commercial fisheries. For the fishing industry and the practice of fishing see Fishing. International environmentalists and local fishery advocates continue to debate the issue.
The Norwegian government has set a quota of 200 kills per year.
Sea lions have been trained by the U.S. Navy's Marine Mammal Program, based in San Diego, to detain scuba divers. The US Navy Marine Mammal Program ( NMMP) is a program administered by the U Scuba diving is swimming underwater, or taking part in another activity while using a Scuba set. [3]
Sea lion attacks on humans are rare, but have occurred in at least a single notable case, in which a 13 year-old Australian girl was attacked while in the water. Sources said that the likeliest explanation was that the animal was attempting to play with the girl. [4][5][6]
The Moche people of ancient Peru worshipped the sea and its animals. The Moche civilization (alternately the Mochica culture Early Chimu Pre-Chimu Proto-Chimu etc Peru (Perú Piruw Piruw officially the Republic of Peru ( reˈpuβlika del peˈɾu is a country in western South America. They often depicted sea lions in their art. [7]
Species
- SUBORDER PINNIPEDIA
- Family Otariidae
- Genus Arctocephalus (southern fur seal species)
- Genus Callorhinus (northern fur seal)
- Genus Eumetopias
- Steller Sea Lion, E. Pinnipeds ("fin-feet" lit "winged feet" or fin-footed mammals are a widely distributed and diverse group of semi-aquatic marine Mammals comprising The genus Arctocephalus consists of eight of the nine species of Fur seal. The Northern Fur Seal, Callorhinus ursinus, is an Eared seal found along the north Pacific Ocean, the Bering Sea and the Sea of Okhotsk The Steller sea lion, Eumetopias jubatus, also known as the northern sea lion, is a Sea lion of the northern Pacific. jubatus
- Genus Neophoca
- Australian Sea Lion, N. The Australian Sea Lion ( Neophoca cinerea) is a species of Sea lion that breeds only on the south and west coasts of Australia. cinerea
- Genus Otaria
- South American Sea Lion, O. Otaria redirects here If you are looking for the continent in Magic The Gathering, see Otaria. flavescens
- Genus Phocarctos
- New Zealand Sea Lion or Hooker's Sea Lion, P. The New Zealand Sea Lion ( Phocarctos hookeri) also known as Hooker's Sea Lion or Whakahao in Māori is a species of Sea lion The New Zealand Sea Lion ( Phocarctos hookeri) also known as Hooker's Sea Lion or Whakahao in Māori is a species of Sea lion hookeri
- Genus Zalophus
- California Sea Lion, Z. The California Sea Lion ( Zalophus californianus) is a coastal Sea lion of the northern Pacific Ocean. californianus
- Japanese Sea Lion, Z. Japanese Sea Lion ( Zalophus japonicus) is thought to have become Extinct in the 1950s japonicus - extinct (1950s)
- Galapagos Sea Lion, Z. In Biology and Ecology, extinction is the cessation of existence of a Species or group of taxa. UserPolbot. --> The Galápagos Sea Lion ( Zalophus wollebaeki) is a species of Mammal in the Otariidae wollebaeki
- Family Phocidae: true seals
- Family Odobenidae: Walrus
Hybrids
A hybrid sea lion from a cross between the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) and the South American sea lion (Otaria byronia) has occurred. The true seals or earless seals are one of the three main groups of Mammals within the seal Suborder, Pinnipedia. The walrus ( Odobenus rosmarus) is a large flippered Marine mammal with a discontinuous circumpolar distribution in the Arctic Ocean and
References
- ^ ANIMAL BYTES - Sea Lions & Fur Seals. Retrieved on 2007-07-21. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 356 BC - Herostratus sets fire to the Temple of Artemis in Ephesus, one of the Seven Wonders of the World
- ^ Wynen, L. P. et al. (2001) Phylogenetic relationships within the eared seals (Otariidae: Carnivora): implications for the historical biogeography of the family. Mol. Phylog. Evol. 21, 270–284
- ^ Watkins, Thomas (2007-02-12). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1429 - English Forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the army besieging Orleans from attack by the Navy may deploy anti-terrorism dolphins. Associated Press. Retrieved on 2007-02-12. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1429 - English Forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the army besieging Orleans from attack by the
- ^ BBC News: Sea lion attacks Australian girl
- ^ news.com.au: Monster sea lion likely to be 'playing' with teen
- ^ Sea lion mauls girl
- ^ Berrin, Katherine & Larco Museum. The Spirit of Ancient Peru:Treasures from the Museo Arqueológico Rafael Larco Herrera. The Larco Museum (Museo Larco is located in the Pueblo Libre District in Lima, Peru. New York: Thames and Hudson, 1997. Thames & Hudson (also Thames and Hudson and sometimes T&H for brevity are a Publisher, especially of Art and Illustrated Books
See also
External links
The eared seals or otariids are Marine mammals in the family Otariidae - one of three groupings of Pinnipeds. Pinnipeds ("fin-feet" lit "winged feet" or fin-footed mammals are a widely distributed and diverse group of semi-aquatic marine Mammals comprising Marine mammals are a diverse group of roughly 120 species of Mammal that are primarily Ocean -dwelling or depend on the ocean for foodDapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic