- This article is about the body of water. For other uses, see SEA and seas. This article is about the body of water For other uses see SEA and Seas. For the ancient Jewish unit of volume, see Seah (unit). Seah is a unit of dry volume of ancient origin used in Halakha (Jewish religious law which equals one third of an Epha, or bath. For the Smirnoff advertising campaign, see Sea (Smirnoff advert)
A sea is either a large expanse of saline water connected with an ocean, or a large, usually saline, lake that lacks a natural outlet such as the Caspian Sea and the Dead Sea. Smirnoff is a brand of vodka now owned and produced by British drinks company Diageo. Sea is an Advertising campaign launched by Diageo in 2007 to promote Smirnoff brand Vodka. Salinity is the Saltiness or dissolved salt content of a body of Water. An ocean (from Greek, ''Okeanos'' (Oceanus) is a major body of saline water, and a principal component of the Hydrosphere. A lake (from Latin lacus) is a Terrain feature (or Physical feature) a body of Liquid on the surface of a world that is localized to the The Caspian Sea is the largest enclosed body of water on Earth by area variously classed as the world's largest lake or a full-fledged Sea. The Dead Sea (יָם הַמֶּלַח, "Sea of Salt"البَحْر المَيّت, "Dead Sea" is a salt lake between Colloquially, the term is used synonymous with ocean. Large lakes, such as the Great Lakes, are sometimes referred to as inland seas. The Laurentian Great Lakes are a chain of freshwater lakes located in eastern North America, on the Canada–United States border. Marginal seas are those that have currents caused by ocean winds, and mediterranean seas are those in which currents are caused by differentials in salinity and temperature. A marginal sea is a part of an ocean partially enclosed by land such as Islands Archipelagos or Peninsulas Unlike mediterranean An ocean current is continuous directed movement of Ocean water. For the Mediterranean Sea between Europe and Africa, see the Mediterranean Sea. Salinity is the Saltiness or dissolved salt content of a body of Water. Temperature is a physical property of a system that underlies the common notions of hot and cold something that is hotter generally has the greater temperature
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International Hydrographic Organization
The International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) is the international authority that sets forth nomenclature and definition of bodies of water. The International Hydrographic Organization (IHO was originally established in 1921 as the International Hydrographic Bureau (IHB [1] The IHO's Limits of Oceans and Seas was first published in 1928, with its current working document the third edition published in 1953. [2] A fourth draft edition was proposed in 1986 but has yet to ratified due to outstanding issues such as the Sea of Japan naming dispute.
List of seas
† Not listed in IHO S-23 4th ed. Etymology In ancient times there were various explanations for the name Aegean. The Albran Sea is the westernmost portion of the Mediterranean Sea, lying between Spain on the north and Morocco on the south The Argentine Sea ( Spanish: Mar Argentino) refers to the sea within the Continental shelf off the Argentine mainland The Bothnian Bay or Bay of Bothnia (Perämeri Bottenviken is the most northern part of the Gulf of Bothnia, the northern part of the Baltic Sea. The Bay of Campeche (Bahía de Campeche (sometimes confused with Sonda de Campeche) is the southern bight of the Gulf of Mexico. Tides Folklore in the Mi'kmaq First Nation claims that the tides in the Bay of Fundy are caused by a giant whale splashing in the water The Baltic Sea is a Brackish inland sea located in Northern Europe, from 53°N to 66°N Latitude and from 20°E to 26°E Longitude. The Black Sea is an inland Sea bounded by southeastern Europe, the Caucasus and the Anatolian peninsula ( Turkey The Bothnian Sea ( Finnish: Selkämeri Swedish: Bottenhavet) links the Bothnian Bay (called also Bay of Bothnia with the Baltic proper For the region see Caribbean. The Caribbean Sea (kəˈrɪbiən or /ˌkærɨˈbiːən/ is a tropical Sea in the Western Hemisphere The Celtic Sea (An Mhuir Cheilteach Y Môr Celtaidd An Mor Keltek Ar Mor Keltiek La Mer Celtique is the area of the Atlantic Ocean off the South Coast The Baltic Sea is a Brackish inland sea located in Northern Europe, from 53°N to 66°N Latitude and from 20°E to 26°E Longitude. The Chesapeake Bay is the largest Estuary in the United States. The Gulf of Bothnia (Pohjanlahti Bottniska viken ie Bottenviken + Bottenhavet is the northernmost arm of the Baltic Sea. The Gulf of Guinea is the part of the Atlantic Ocean southwest of Africa. The Gulf of Finland ( Finnish: Suomenlahti, Russian: Финский залив, Finskiy zaliv, Swedish: Finska viken The Gulf of Mexico ( Spanish: Golfo de México) is the ninth largest Body of water in the world Gulf of Sidra is a body of water in the Mediterranean Sea on the northern coast of Libya; it is also known as Gulf of Sirte. Gulf of Saint Lawrence (French golfe du Saint-Laurent) the world's largest Estuary, is the outlet of North America's Great Lakes via the Saint The Gulf of Venezuela or gulf of Coquivacoa is a gulf of the Caribbean Sea bounded by the Venezuelan states of Zulia and Falcón The Ionian Sea is an arm of the Mediterranean Sea, south of the Adriatic Sea. The Ligurian Sea (Mar Ligure Mer Ligurienne is an arm of the Mediterranean Sea, between the Italian Riviera ( Liguria and Tuscany) The Irish Sea ( Irish: Muir Éireann or Muir Meann; Scottish Gaelic: Muir Eireann Welsh: Môr Iwerddon, The Sea of Marmara ( Turkish: Marmara Denizi, Greek: Θάλασσα του Μαρμαρά or Προποντίς, Bulgarian The Myrtoan (Mirtoan Sea is a subdivision of the Mediterranean Sea that lies between the Cyclades and the Peloponnesos. The North Sea is a marginal, Epeiric sea of the Atlantic Ocean on the European Continental shelf. The Sea of Azov (Азо́вское мо́ре - Azovskoye more; Азо́вське мо́ре - Azovs'ke more, Azaq deñizi is the world's shallowest sea linked The Sea of Crete' (Κρητικό Πέλαγος Kritiko Pelagos) is the sea south of the Aegean Sea, north of the island Crete, and south of the Hebrides (disambiguationThe Sea of Hebrides is a portion of the North Atlantic Ocean, located off the coast of western Scotland, that contains an archipelago of about The Sargasso Sea is an elongated region in the middle of the North Atlantic Ocean surrounded by Ocean currents. Tampa Bay is a large natural Harbor and Estuary along the Gulf of Mexico on the western coast of Florida, comprising Old Tampa Bay The Thracian Sea (Greek Θρακικό Πέλαγος Thrakiko Pelagos; Turkish Trakya Denizi) is a sea that is part of the Aegean Sea and The Tyrrhenian Sea (Mar Tirreno is part of the Mediterranean Sea off of the western coast of Italy. The Arctic Ocean, located in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Arctic north polar region is the smallest and shallowest of the world's five major Amundsen Gulf ( is a gulf located in Canadian Northwest Territories, between Banks Island and Victoria Island and the mainland Baffin Bay (French Baie de Baffin) is a Sea between the Atlantic and Arctic oceans The Barents Sea (Barentshavet Баренцево море is a part of the Arctic Ocean located north of Norway and Russia. The Bering (or Imarpik) Sea is a body of water in the Pacific Ocean that comprises a deep water basin (the Aleutian Basin) which rises through Cambridge Bay ( Inuinnaqtun: Iqaluktuuttiaq Inuktitut: ᐃᖃᓗᒃᑑᑦᑎᐊᖅ ( 2006 population 1477 UA Chukchi Sea (Чуко́тское мо́ре is a Marginal sea of the Arctic Ocean. Cold Bay ( Udaamagax in Aleut) is a city in Aleutians East Borough, Alaska, United States. Davis Strait (Détroit de Davis lies between mid-western Greenland and Baffin Island in the Canadian territory of The Denmark Strait (Danmarksstrædet Grænlandssund the latter meaning Greenland Strait is a Strait between Greenland (northwest and Iceland The East Siberian Sea ( Russian: ru Восто́чно-Сиби́рское мо́ре is a Marginal sea in the Arctic Ocean. The Greenland Sea is an area of the Arctic Ocean, considered the northern part of the Norwegian Sea, spanning Greenland, Svalbard, James Bay (Baie James is a large body of water on the southern end of Hudson Bay in Canada. The Kara Sea ( Russian: Ка́рское мо́ре is part of the Arctic Ocean north of Siberia. The Kara Strait (Russian Пролив Карские Ворота Proliv Karskiye Vorota) is a 56 km wide channel of water between the southern end of Novaya Zemlya Labrador Sea (French mer du Labrador) (60°00'N 55°00'W is an arm of the North Atlantic Ocean between Labrador and Greenland. The Laptev Sea ( Russian: мо́ре Ла́птевых is a Marginal sea of the Arctic Ocean. Lincoln Sea is a body of water in the Arctic Ocean, stretching from Cape Columbia, Canada in the west to Cape Morris Jesup, Greenland Currents In the Norwegian Sea and Greenland Sea surface water descends two to three kilometres down to the bottom of the ocean forming cold oxygen-rich groundwater The White Sea (Бе́лое мо́ре Vienanmeri is an Inlet of the Barents Sea on the northwest coast of Russia. The Indian Ocean is the third largest of the world's Oceanic divisions covering about 20% of the water on the Earth 's surface The Arafura Sea is west of the Pacific Ocean overlying the Continental shelf between Australia and New Guinea. The Andaman Sea (မုတ္တမ moʊʔtəma̰ is a body of water to the southeast of the Bay of Bengal, south of Myanmar, west of Thailand and east The Arabian Sea ( Arabic: بحر العرب transliterated: Baḥr al-'Arab Sanskrit: सिन्धु सागर transliterated: The Bay of Bengal is a bay that forms the northeastern part of the Indian Ocean. The Gulf of Aden (خليج عدن transliterated: Khalyj 'Adan Somali: Khaleejka Cadan) is located in the Arabian Sea between The Gulf of Oman or Gulf of Makran ( Arabic: الخليج عمان transliterated: khalīj ʿumān( Urdu / Persian: خليج مکران The Mozambique Channel is a portion of the Indian Ocean between the island of Madagascar and southeast Africa, namely Mozambique. The Persian Gulf, in the Southwest Asian region is an extension of the The Red Sea is a Salt water Inlet of the Indian Ocean between Africa and Asia. The Timor Sea (Laut Timor Portuguese: Mar Timor) is a sea bounded to the north by the island of Timor, to the east by the Arafura Sea, The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth 's Oceanic divisions The Arafura Sea is west of the Pacific Ocean overlying the Continental shelf between Australia and New Guinea. The Banda Sea is the Sea of the South Moluccas in Indonesia, technically part of the Pacific Ocean but separated from it by hundreds of islands The Bering (or Imarpik) Sea is a body of water in the Pacific Ocean that comprises a deep water basin (the Aleutian Basin) which rises through The Bismarck Sea lies in the southwestern Pacific Ocean to the north of the island of Papua New Guinea and to the south of the Bismarck Archipelago and Bo Hai ( also known as Bohai Sea or Bohai Gulf, is the innermost gulf of the Yellow Sea on the coast of northeastern China. The Bohol Sea, also called the Mindanao Sea, is located between Visayas and Mindanao in the Philippines. The Camotes Sea is a small sea within the Philippine archipelago between the Eastern Visayas and the Central Visayas. The Celebes Sea (or the Sulawesi Sea (Laut Sulawesi of the western Pacific Ocean is bordered on the north by the Sulu Archipelago and Sulu Sea The Ceram Sea is one of several small seas between the scattered islands of Indonesia. The Chilean Sea was defined on 1974-05-30 when the Diario oficial de la Republica de Chile published Supreme Decree #346 which declared that "the waters The Coral Sea is a Marginal sea off the north-east coast of Australia. The East China Sea is a Marginal sea east of China. It is a part of the Pacific Ocean and covers an area of 1249000 km² The Flores Sea covers 93000 square miles (240000 square kilometres of water in Indonesia. The Gulf of Alaska is an arm of the Pacific Ocean defined by the curve of the southern coast of Alaska, stretching from the Alaska Peninsula and " Sea of Cortez " redirects here For the book by John Steinbeck, see The Log from the Sea of Cortez. The Gulf of Carpentaria is a large shallow sea enclosed on three sides by northern Australia and bounded on the north by the Arafura Sea (the body of water that lies The Gulf of Thailand (or Gulf of Siam) is a gulf that borders but is not part of the South China Sea ( Pacific Ocean) Halmahera Sea is a regional Sea located in the central eastern part of the Australasian Mediterranean Sea. Java Sea (Laut Jawa is a large (310000 km² shallow sea on the Sunda Shelf. The Koro Sea or Sea of Koro is a Sea in the Pacific Ocean lying between Viti Levu to the west and the Lau Islands to the east The Molucca Sea is located in the western Pacific Ocean, within the country of Indonesia. The Philippine Sea is a Marginal sea east and north of the Philippines occupying an estimated Surface area of 90 000 mi² (1 000 000 The Savu Sea (or the Sawu Sea) is a small sea within Indonesia named for the island of Savu (Sawu on its southern boundary The Sea of Japan is a Marginal sea of the western Pacific Ocean, bordered by Japan, Korea, North Korea and Russia The Sea of Okhotsk ( Russian: Охо́тское мо́ре English Transliteration: Okhotskoye More) is a part of the western Pacific Ocean, An inland sea is a shallow Sea that covers central areas of continents during high stands of Sea level that result in marine transgressions In modern days The Solomon Sea is a Sea located within the Pacific Ocean. It lies between New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. The South China Sea is a Marginal sea south of China. It is a part of the Pacific Ocean, encompassing an area from Singapore to the The Sulu Sea is a large sea in the southwestern area of the Philippines. The Tasman Sea is the large body of water between Australia and New Zealand, some 2000 Kilometres (1250 Miles across The Timor Sea (Laut Timor Portuguese: Mar Timor) is a sea bounded to the north by the island of Timor, to the east by the Arafura Sea, The Yellow Sea is the name given to the northern part of the East China Sea, which is a Marginal sea of the Pacific Ocean. The Southern Ocean, also known as the Great Southern Ocean, the Antarctic Ocean and the South Polar Ocean, comprises the southernmost waters of The Amundsen Sea is an arm of the Southern Ocean off Marie Byrd Land in western Antarctica. Bass Strait (bæs is a sea Strait separating Tasmania from the south of the Australian mainland ( Victoria in particular The Bellingshausen Sea is an area along the west side of the Antarctic Peninsula, between Alexander Island and Thurston Island. Davis Sea ( is an area of the Sea along the coast of Antarctica between West Ice Shelf in the west and the Shackleton Ice Shelf in the east The Great Australian Bight is a large bight, or open bay located off the central and western portions of the southern coastline of mainland Australia. St Vincent's Gulf ( is a large inlet of water on the southern coast of Australia, in the state of South Australia. NOAA Ross seajpg|thumb|200px|thumb|Ice in the Ross Sea Antarctica]] The Ross Sea is a deep bay of the Southern Ocean in Antarctica between Victoria The Scotia Sea ( is partly in the Southern Ocean and mostly in the Atlantic Ocean between Tierra del Fuego ( Mitre Peninsula) Burdwood The Spencer Gulf is the westernmost of two large inlets on the southern coast of Australia, in the state of South Australia, facing the Great Australian Bight The Weddell Sea is part of the Southern Ocean. Its land boundaries are defined by the bay formed from the coasts of Coats Land and the Antarctic Peninsula A landlocked country is commonly defined as one enclosed or nearly enclosed by land The Aral Sea ( Kazakh: Арал Теңізі Aral Tengizi, Orol dengizi Russian: Аральскοе мοре Tajik / Persian: Daryocha-i The Caspian Sea is the largest enclosed body of water on Earth by area variously classed as the world's largest lake or a full-fledged Sea. The Dead Sea (יָם הַמֶּלַח, "Sea of Salt"البَحْر المَيّت, "Dead Sea" is a salt lake between The Sea of Galilee, also Sea of Genneseret, Lake Kinneret or Lake Tiberias (Hebrew ים כנרת) (Arabic بحيرة طبريا) The Salton Sea is an inland Saline lake, occupying the lowest elevations of the Salton Sink, part of the larger Colorado Desert in Southern Great Salt Lake, located in the northern part of the US state of Utah, is the largest salt lake in the western hemisphere the fourth-largest terminal (There are 113 Seas on Earth. )
Nomenclature
Some bodies of water that are called "seas" are not actually seas; there are also some seas that are not called "seas". The following is an incomplete list of such potentially confusing names.
- The Sea of Galilee is a small freshwater lake with a natural outlet, which is properly called Lake Tiberias or Lake Kinneret on modern Israeli maps, but its original name remains in use. The Sea of Galilee, also Sea of Genneseret, Lake Kinneret or Lake Tiberias (Hebrew ים כנרת) (Arabic بحيرة طبريا)
- The Sea of Cortés is more commonly known as the Gulf of California. " Sea of Cortez " redirects here For the book by John Steinbeck, see The Log from the Sea of Cortez.
- The Persian Gulf is a sea. The Persian Gulf, in the Southwest Asian region is an extension of the
- The Dead Sea is actually a lake, as is the Caspian Sea. The Dead Sea (יָם הַמֶּלַח, "Sea of Salt"البَحْر المَيّت, "Dead Sea" is a salt lake between The Caspian Sea is the largest enclosed body of water on Earth by area variously classed as the world's largest lake or a full-fledged Sea.
Extraterrestrial seas
- See also Extraterrestrial liquid water
Lunar maria are vast basaltic plains on the Moon that were thought to be bodies of water by early astronomers, who referred to them as "seas". Extraterrestrial liquid water, the presence of Water in its Liquid state is a subject of wide interest because it is a commonly suggested prerequisite for the emergence The lunar maria (singular mare, two syllables are large dark Basaltic plains on Earth 's Moon, formed by ancient Volcanic eruptions
Liquid water may have existed on the surface of Mars in the distant past, and several basins on Mars have been proposed as dry sea beds. The largest is Vastitas Borealis; others include Hellas Planitia and Argyre Planitia. Vastitas Borealis ( Latin, 'northern waste') is the largest lowland region of Mars. False color of Hellas Planitiajpeg|thumb|220px|This elevation map shows the surrounding elevated debris ring]] Hellas Planitia, also known as the Hellas Impact Basin Argyre Planitia is a plain located in the Argyre Impact basin in the southern highlands of Mars.
Liquid water is thought to be present under the surface of several moons, most notably Europa. A natural satellite or moon is a Celestial body that Orbits a Planet or smaller body which is called the primary. TemplateInfobox Planet.--> Europa (jʊˈroʊpə; or as
Liquid hydrocarbons are thought to be present on the surface of Titan, though it may be more accurate to describe them as "lakes" rather than "seas". TemplateInfobox Planet.--> Titan (ˈtaɪtən, or as
Science
The term "sea" has also been used in quantum physics. Quantum mechanics is the study of mechanical systems whose dimensions are close to the Atomic scale such as Molecules Atoms Electrons Dirac sea is an interpretation of the negative energy states that comprises the vacuum. The Dirac sea is a theoretical model of the Vacuum as an infinite sea of particles possessing Negative energy.
See also
- Oceanography
- Inlet
- International Maritime Organization
- List of places on land with elevations below sea level
- Pole of inaccessibility: the locations farthest from any coastline
- Marine debris
- Sea level
- Sea level rise
- Sea salt
- Seven Seas
References
- ^ IHO Background Information. Oceanography (from the greek words Ωκεανός meaning Ocean and γράφω meaning to write also called oceanology or An inlet is a narrow body of water between islands or leading inland from a larger body of water often leading to an enclosed body of water such as a sound, bay, The International Maritime Organization ( IMO) formerly known as the Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization ( IMCO) is a late 20th century The following is a list of places below mean Sea level that are on land not in tunnels mines or under water A pole of inaccessibility marks a location that is the most challenging to reach owing to its remoteness from geographical features which could provide access Mean sea level (MSL is the average (mean height of the Sea, with reference to a suitable reference surface Sea-level rise is an increase in Sea level. Multiple complex factors may influence this change Sea salt, obtained by evaporating Seawater, is used in Cooking and Cosmetics. The Phrase "Seven Seas" (as in the Idiom "sail the Seven Seas" can refer either to a particular set of seven seas or to a great expanse of water International Hydrographic Organization (25 August 2004). Retrieved on 2008-05-17. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1521 - Edward Stafford 3rd Duke of Buckingham, is executed for Treason.
- ^ International Hydrographic Conference of 1952 (1953). "Limits of Oceans and Seas: Special publication S-23" (. PDF). Third edition. . International Hydrographic Organization Retrieved on 2008-05-17. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1521 - Edward Stafford 3rd Duke of Buckingham, is executed for Treason.
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