A scream queen is an actress who has become associated with horror films, either through an appearance in a notable entry in the genre, as a frequent victim, or through constant appearances as the female protagonist. An actor, actress, player or thespian (see terminology) is a person who Acts in a Dramatic production and who works Horror films are Movies that strive to elicit Fear, Horror and terror responses from viewers A genre (ˈʒɑːnrə also /ˈdʒɑːnrə/ from French "kind" or "sort" from Latin: genus (stem gener-) is a loose set The Protagonist or main character is the central figure of a story. Fay Wray and Jamie Lee Curtis are often cited as the first or most prominent scream queens. Vina Fay Wray ( September 15, 1907 &ndash August 8, 2004) was a Canadian &ndash American actress and the first Jamie Lee Curtis (born November 22 1958 is a two-time Golden Globe -winning BAFTA -winning and Emmy -nominated American Film Sarah Michelle Gellar is commonly referred to today's scream queen. Sarah Michelle Prinze, (born April 14 1977 better known by her birth name of Sarah Michelle Gellar, is an American actress. Mary Elizabeth Winstead,^[1] and Scout Taylor-Compton^[2][3][4] are considered prominent scream queens of modern day. Mary Elizabeth Winstead (born November 28, 1984) is a SAG - and Young Artist Award -nominated American Actress. Desariee Starr Compton (born February 21 1989 is an American actor and singer who goes professionally by the name Scout Taylor-Compton.

Contents 1 Definition of "scream queen" 2 History 3 Notable scream queens 4 See also 5 References

Definition of "scream queen"

The term "scream queen" is more specifically used to refer to the "attractive young damsels-in-distress"^[5] characters that have appeared in a number of films in the horror genre. Lloyd Kaufman, co-founder of Troma Entertainment, noted that being a scream queen is "more than just crying and having ketchup thrown on you. Lloyd Kaufman (Born Stanley Lloyd Kaufman Jr on December 30, 1945) is an American Film director, producer, Screenwriter Troma is a Film production and distribution company founded by Lloyd Kaufman and Michael Herz in 1974 You not only have to be attractive, but you also have to have a big brain. You have to be frightened, you have to be sad, you have to be romantic. "^[5] Ryan Stewart, of cinematical. com, has described a scream queen as someone who has "given an impactful, memorable performance in a horror film". ^[6] Debbie Rochon, often described as a scream queen herself, wrote in an article originally published in GC Magazine that "a true Scream Queen isn't The Perfect Woman. Debbie Rochon (born 3 November 3 1968 is a Canadian B-movie Actress and former stage performer best known for her work in Troma films She's sexy, seductive, but most importantly 'attainable' to the average guy. Or so it would seem. "^[7]

History

The use of women in horror films dates back to the silent film era, with films such as The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (1920) and Nosferatu (1922). Caligari redirects here For the company see Caligari Corporation. Nosferatu A Symphony of Horror is a German Expressionist film by F George Feltenstein, film historian and senior vice president of theatrical catalog marketing at Warner Home Video, states, "Women screaming in terror has been a Hollywood mainstay — even when films were silent". Warner Home Video is the Home video unit of Warner Bros Entertainment Inc ^[5] However, Fay Wray of King Kong (1933) is arguably the first notable scream queen. Vina Fay Wray ( September 15, 1907 &ndash August 8, 2004) was a Canadian &ndash American actress and the first King Kong is a landmark Black-and-white Adventure film about a gigantic Gorilla named " Kong " and how he is captured from Wray had also appeared in a number of other horror films previous to King Kong, and eventually took her career to England to escape the title, stating "I don't like it at all. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland . . being called Scream Queen. "^[8] Following Wray, in the 1930s, Elsa Lanchester in Bride of Frankenstein (1935) and Gloria Stuart in The Invisible Man (1933) were also considered scream queens. Elsa Sullivan Lanchester (born October 28, 1902 - December 26, 1986) was an Oscar -nominated English character Bride of Frankenstein (advertised as The Bride of Frankenstein) is a science fiction / Horror film. Gloria Frances Stewart, also known as Gloria Stuart (born July 4, 1910 in Santa Monica California) is an American actress The Invisible Man is a 1933 Horror film based on H G Wells ' Science fiction novel The Invisible Man, published

In the 1940s, filmmakers "wanted stories to take them out of reality and reveal an image far more in control"^[7], creating noir films and featuring such actresses as Hillary Brooke, who appeared in Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1941) and Sherlock Holmes and the Voice of Terror (1942). Film noir is a cinematic term used primarily to describe stylish Hollywood crime dramas, particularly those that emphasize moral ambiguity and sexual motivation Hillary Brooke ( September 8, 1914 – May 25, 1999) was an American film actress best known for her work in Abbott and Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde is a Remake of the 1931 film of the same title Sherlock Holmes and the Voice of Terror is the third film in the Basil Rathbone/Nigel Bruce series of Sherlock Holmes movies Simone Simon and Joan Crawford were also notable actresses of the decade. Simone Thérèse Fernande Simon ( April 23 1910 – February 22 2005) was a French Film actress who began Joan Crawford (born Lucille Fay LeSueur; ( March 23, 1905 - May 10, 1977) Crawford was signed to a motion picture

The 1960 film Psycho placed Janet Leigh as a prominent scream queen who had begun the change into the modern horror protagonist. Psycho is a suspense / Horror film directed by auteur Alfred Hitchcock, from the Screenplay by Joseph Janet Leigh (born Jeanette Helen Morrison; July 6, 1927 – October 3, 2004) was an American actress. In this film era, B movies remained popular at drive-in theaters, and Psycho had been a part of the larger exploitation boom in the genre. A B movie is a motion picture made on a low or modest budget Originally the term was used for films intended for distribution as the less-publicized second half of a Double The 1960s and 1970s mark the golden age of the independent B movie, made outside of Hollywood's Major film studios As censorship pressures lifted in the early 1960s

In 1978 Jamie Lee Curtis, daughter of Janet Leigh, had her first film role in Halloween. Jamie Lee Curtis (born November 22 1958 is a two-time Golden Globe -winning BAFTA -winning and Emmy -nominated American Film Halloween is a 1978 American independent Horror film set in the fictional midwestern town of Haddonfield, Portraying Laurie Strode, Curtis established herself as the "ultimate 'scream queen'"^[9] and was even referenced as such in the horror parody Scream (1996). Character History John Carpenter's Halloween (1978 Laurie Strode (born Cynthia Myers) is a seventeen-year-old senior who attends Haddonfield High Scream is a 1996 film directed by Wes Craven and written by Kevin Williamson. Curtis went on to star in several other horror films and Halloween sequels, and continues to act, broadening her range outside the specific genre.

The success of Halloween, as well as what could be considered the first slasher film, Black Christmas (1974), helped popularize the slasher film genre. The slasher film (sometimes referred to as bodycount films and dead teenager movies) is a Sub-genre Black Christmas is a 1974 Canadian Horror film, directed by Bob Clark, which has a very large Cult following Many of the scream queen actresses of these films were required to perform nude scenes. Monique Gabrielle in Chained Heat (1983), Michelle Bauer in Demonwarp (1987), and Brinke Stevens in Bad Girls from Mars (1989) are examples. Monique Gabrielle (born July 30, 1963) is an American model and Actress. Chained Heat (alternate title Das Frauenlager in West Germany) is a 1983 Exploitation film in the women-in-prison Michelle Bauer (born October 1, 1958 in Montebello California) is an American B-movie actress Scream queen, Brinke Stevens (born September 20 1954) is an American Actress, model and Writer.

During the 1990s, Debbie Rochon starred in dozens of Troma Production horror films and was voted by Draculina magazine as its "Scream Queen of the Decade". Debbie Rochon (born 3 November 3 1968 is a Canadian B-movie Actress and former stage performer best known for her work in Troma films ^[10] Neve Campbell also began her career in horror with The Craft (1996), and later went on to star as Sidney Prescott in Scream (1996) and its sequels. Neve Adrianne Campbell ( "nev camble" born October 3 1973 is a Canadian Film and Television Actress. The Craft is a 1996 Horror film directed by Andrew Fleming and starring Robin Tunney, Rachel True, Fairuza Balk Sidney Prescott (born 1979 is the fictional Heroine from the ''Scream'' trilogy. Scream is a 1996 film directed by Wes Craven and written by Kevin Williamson. Sarah Michelle Gellar, despite her start in television as the title character in the show Buffy the Vampire Slayer, went on to appear in other horror films during the decade, including I Know What You Did Last Summer (1997) and Scream 2 (1997). Sarah Michelle Prinze, (born April 14 1977 better known by her birth name of Sarah Michelle Gellar, is an American actress. Fictional narratives (and works of art exist beyond their completion e I Know What You Did Last Summer is a Thriller / Horror film released in 1997. Scream 2 is a 1997 Slasher film, the second part of the ''Scream'' trilogy. Both actresses are considered scream queens, and Gellar continues to star in horror films.

Ryan Stewart cited Cassandra Magrath and Kestie Morassi as prime examples of modern scream queens for their roles in Wolf Creek (2005). Cassandra Magrath is an Australian actress best known for her portrayal of Miranda Gibson in the Australian ABC 1998-2000 television series SeaChange Kestie Morassi is an Australian actress born in Adelaide Australia, where she lived until she was 13 years old 2006 saw Kate Beckinsale earn the award for "Best Scream Queen" at the Scream Awards for her role in Underworld: Evolution (2006). Kathryn Bailey "Kate" Beckinsale (born 26 July 1973 is an English actress, known for her roles in the films Pearl Harbor (2001 The Spike TV Scream Awards is the first awards show dedicated to the horror, sci-fi, and Fantasy genres of feature films Underworld Evolution is the second film in the ''Underworld'' series, following Underworld in 2003 ^[11] In 2007, USA Today published an article listing its opinion of who qualified as a modern scream queens; the list included Sheri Moon Zombie, Jaimie Alexander, Andrea Bogart, Mercedes McNab, Tiffany Shepis, and Cerina Vincent. USA TODAY is a national American daily Newspaper published by the Gannett Company. Sheri Lyn Skurkis (born September 26, 1970) is an American Actress and Fashion designer. Jaimie Alexander (b March 12, 1984 in Greenville South Carolina) is an actress who portrays Jessi XX on Kyle XY Andrea Bogart is an American Actress. She is best known for starring in Dark Ride. Mercedes Alicia McNab (born March 14, 1980) is a Canadian-born actress perhaps best known for playing the role of Harmony Kendall on Buffy the Tiffany Shepis is an American Scream queen from New York City, who has been involved in film-making since the age of 12 Cerina Vincent (born February 7, 1979) is an American film actress best known for playing the Yellow Ranger Maya in the

Other examples of scream queens include Linnea Quigley in Return of the Living Dead, Alexandra Delli Colli in Zombie Holocaust, Sandra Knight in Blood Bath, Beverly Garland in The Alligator People, Camille Keaton in I Spit On Your Grave, and Marilyn Burns in The Texas Chainsaw Massacre. Linnea Barbara Quigley (born May 27, 1958) is an American well-known Scream queen, B movie actress and model The Return of the Living Dead is a zombie Horror film that was released in 1985 and was followed by several sequels. Zombie Holocaust, also known as Zombie 3 and Doctor Butcher M John Joseph "Jack" Nicholson (born April 22 1937) is an American Actor, internationally renowned for his often dark-themed portrayals This article is about the 1966 horror film produced by Roger Corman Beverly Garland (born October 17, 1926) is an American film and television Actress, businesswoman and hotel owner The Alligator People is a 1959 Science fiction Horror film directed by Roy Del Ruth. Camille Keaton (born July 20, 1947) is an American Actress, perhaps best known for her role in the 1978 film I Spit on Your Grave Day of the Woman, better known by its re-release title I Spit on Your Grave, is a controversial rape-revenge film Mary Lynn Ann Burns ( July 5, 1950 ? is an American Actress, perhaps best known for her role in The Texas Chain Saw Massacre

Notable scream queens

Actress	Films
Jaimie Alexander[5]	The Other Side (2006), Rest Stop (2006), Hallowed Ground (2007)
Andrea Bogart[5]	Dark Wolf (2003), Axe (2006), Dark Ride (2006), Something's Wrong in Kansas (2007), Nite Tales: The Movie (2007)
Jamie Lee Curtis[9]	Halloween (1978), The Fog (1980), Prom Night (1980), Terror Train (1980),Roadgames (1981), Halloween II (1981), Halloween H20: 20 Years Later (1998), Halloween: Resurrection (2002)
Julie Ege[5]	Creatures the World Forgot (1971), Craze (1974), The Mutations (1974), The Legend of the 7 Golden Vampires (1974)
Sarah Michelle Gellar[5]	I Know What You Did Last Summer (1997), Scream 2 (1997), The Grudge (2004), The Grudge 2 (2006), The Return (2006)
Allison Hayes[12]	Attack of the 50 Foot Woman (1958), The Undead (1956), The Disembodied (1957), Zombies Of Mora Tau (1957), The Unearthly (1957), The Hypnotic Eye (1960), The Crawling Hand (1963)
Soledad Miranda[5]	Sound of Horror (1964), Count Dracula (1970), The Devil Came from Akasava (1971), Vampyros Lesbos (1971), She Killed in Ecstasy (1971)
Mercedes McNab[5]	Hatchet, Dark Reel (2007), XII (2007), Medium Raw (2008)
Chloe Moretz	The Amityville Horror (2005), Wicked Little Things (2006), Room 6 (2006), Hallowed Ground (2007), The Eye (2008)
Debbie Rochon[7]	Negatives (1988), Santa Claws (1996), Tromeo and Juliet (1996), Terror Firmer (1999), Bleed (2002)
Barbara Shelley[5]	Blood of the Vampire (1958), Village of the Damned (1960), The Gorgon (1964), Dracula, Prince of Darkness (1965), Rasputin, the Mad Monk (1965), Quatermass and the Pit (1967)
Tiffany Shepis[5]	Tromeo and Juliet (1996), Scarecrow (2002), Ted Bundy (2002), Bloody Murder 2: Closing Camp (2003), Abominable (2006), Nightmare Man (2006), Dark Reel (2007)
Shawnee Smith[13][14]	The Blob (1988), Saw (2004), Saw II (2005), Saw III (2006), Saw IV (2007), Slaughter (2008), Saw V (2008)[15], The Grudge 3 (2009)[16]
Cerina Vincent[5]	Cabin Fever (2002), Murder-Set-Pieces (2004), Intermedio (2005), It Waits (2005), Seven Mummies (2006), Toxic (2007), Return to House on Haunted Hill (2007)
Fay Wray[8]	Doctor X (1932), The Vampire Bat (1933), Mystery of the Wax Museum (1933), King Kong (1933)
Mary Elizabeth Winstead[1]	The Ring Two (2005), Final Destination 3 (2006), Black Christmas (2006), Grindhouse: Death Proof segment (2007)
Sheri Moon Zombie[5]	House of 1000 Corpses (2003), Toolbox Murders (2004), The Devils Rejects (2005), Grindhouse: Werewolf Women of the SS fake trailer (2007), Halloween (2007), Rob Zombie's Tyrannosaurus Rex (2009)

See also

• Final Girl
• Feminist film theory

References

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