The Scottish Parliament (Scottish Gaelic: Pàrlamaid na h-Alba; Scots: Scottish Pairlament[1][2][3][4]) is the national, unicameral legislature of Scotland, located in the Holyrood area of the capital Edinburgh. The Scottish Parliament Building (Pàrlamaid na h-Alba is the home of the Scottish Parliament at Holyrood, within the UNESCO World Heritage Site The Scottish Parliament Building (Pàrlamaid na h-Alba is the home of the Scottish Parliament at Holyrood, within the UNESCO World Heritage Site Devolution is the statutory granting of powers from the central government of a State to government at subnational level The Scotland Act 1998 (1998 c 46 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. The Presiding Officer of the Scottish Parliament (Oifigear-Riaghlaidh Preses o the Scots Pairlament is the speaker of the Scottish Parliament, elected by the Alex Fergusson (born 8 April 1949 Leswalt, Wigtownshire) is a Conservative politician and Presiding Officer of the Scottish Parliament. The Scottish Conservative & Unionist Party (informally the Scottish Conservative Party and often referred to as the Scottish Tories) is the part of Events 1264 - Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured in France making Simon de Montfort the Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. The Presiding Officer of the Scottish Parliament (Oifigear-Riaghlaidh Preses o the Scots Pairlament is the speaker of the Scottish Parliament, elected by the Patricia 'Trish' Godman (born 31 October 1939, Govan, Glasgow) is a Scottish Labour politician and Member of the Scottish Labour (often but inaccurately described at the "Scottish Labour Party" is that part of the (British Labour Party which operates in Scotland Alasdair Morgan (born April 21 1945 is a Scottish politician He has been a Scottish National Party Member of the Scottish Parliament for the South The Scottish National Party (SNP (Pàrtaidh Nàiseanta na h-Alba Scottis Naitional Pairtie is a Centre-left political party which campaigns for Scottish The Minister for Parliamentary Business is a member the Scottish Government whose job it is to steer government business through the Scottish Parliament. Bruce Crawford (born 16 February 1955) is a Scottish National Party politician currently the Minister for Parliamentary Business and Member The Scottish National Party (SNP (Pàrtaidh Nàiseanta na h-Alba Scottis Naitional Pairtie is a Centre-left political party which campaigns for Scottish Parties represented in the Scottish Parliament Parties represented in the Scottish Parliament (in order of number of representatives Scottish National The Scottish Parliament ( Scottish Gaelic: Pàrlamaid na h-Alba; Scots: Scottish Pairlament) is the devlolved national unicameral The Scottish National Party (SNP (Pàrtaidh Nàiseanta na h-Alba Scottis Naitional Pairtie is a Centre-left political party which campaigns for Scottish Scottish Labour (often but inaccurately described at the "Scottish Labour Party" is that part of the (British Labour Party which operates in Scotland The Scottish Conservative & Unionist Party (informally the Scottish Conservative Party and often referred to as the Scottish Tories) is the part of The Scottish Liberal Democrats are one of the three state parties within the federal structure of the British Liberal Democrats; the others being the English The Scottish Green Party (Pàrtaidh Uaine na h-Alba is the Green party of Scotland. Margo MacDonald MSP (born 19 April, 1943) is a Scottish politician a Member of the Scottish Parliament and a former Member of the Member of the Scottish Parliament ( MSP) ( Ball Pàrlamaid na h-Alba ( BPA) in Gaelic) is the title given to any one of the 129 individuals elected Composition of the Parliament Graphical representation This is a graphical comparison of party strengths in the 3rd session of the Scottish Parliament as of The Scottish Parliament ( Scottish Gaelic: Pàrlamaid na h-Alba; Scots: Scottish Pairlament) is the devlolved national unicameral The Scottish Parliament ( Scottish Gaelic: Pàrlamaid na h-Alba; Scots: Scottish Pairlament) is the devlolved national unicameral The 2007 Scottish Parliament election was held on Thursday 3 May 2007 to elect members to the Scottish Parliament Events 1491 - Kongo monarch Nkuwu Nzinga is baptised by Portuguese missionaries adopting the baptismal name of João Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. The 2011 Scottish Parliament election will be held on Thursday 5 May 2011 to elect members to the Scottish Parliament. Events 553 - The Second Council of Constantinople begins 1215 - Rebel Barons renounce their allegiance to King John 2011 ( MMXI) will be a Common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. The Scottish Parliament Building (Pàrlamaid na h-Alba is the home of the Scottish Parliament at Holyrood, within the UNESCO World Heritage Site Holyrood is an area in Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland. Located immediately to the east of the city centre at the end of the Royal Mile, Holyrood was Edinburgh ( ˈɛdɪnb(ərə Dùn Èideann) is the Capital of Scotland and is its second largest city after Glasgow. Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages Scottish Gaelic ( Gàidhlig) is a member of the Goidelic branch of Celtic languages. Scots ( The Scots leid) refers to Anglic varieties derived from early northern Middle English spoken in parts of Scotland and Northern Unicameralism is the practice of having only one legislative or Parliamentary chamber A legislature is a type of representative Deliberative assembly with the power to create amend and change Laws The law created by a legislature is called Legislation Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. Holyrood is an area in Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland. Located immediately to the east of the city centre at the end of the Royal Mile, Holyrood was Edinburgh ( ˈɛdɪnb(ərə Dùn Èideann) is the Capital of Scotland and is its second largest city after Glasgow. The Parliament, informally referred to as "Holyrood"[5] (cf. "Westminster"), is a democratically elected body comprising 129 members who are known as Members of the Scottish Parliament, or MSPs. The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative body in the United Kingdom and British overseas territories Democracy is a form of government in which the supreme power is held completely by the people under a free electoral system Member of the Scottish Parliament ( MSP) ( Ball Pàrlamaid na h-Alba ( BPA) in Gaelic) is the title given to any one of the 129 individuals elected Members are elected for four-year terms under the mixed member proportional representation system. Mixed member proportional representation, also termed mixed-member proportional voting and commonly abbreviated to MMP, is an ' additional member ' As a result, 73 MSPs represent individual geographical constituencies elected by the plurality ("first past the post") system, with a further 56 returned from eight additional member regions, each electing seven MSPs. The Scottish Parliament ( Holyrood) has 73 constituencies, each electing one Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP by the Plurality ( First The plurality voting system is a Single-winner voting system often used to elect executive officers or to elect members of a legislative assembly which is based on single-member The Additional Member System (AMS is a branch of Voting systems in which some representatives are elected from geographic constituencies and others are elected under [6] A general election to the Parliament was held on 3 May 2007. The 2007 Scottish Parliament election was held on Thursday 3 May 2007 to elect members to the Scottish Parliament Events 1491 - Kongo monarch Nkuwu Nzinga is baptised by Portuguese missionaries adopting the baptismal name of João Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.
The original Parliament of Scotland (or "Estates of Scotland") was the national legislature of the independent Kingdom of Scotland, and existed from the early 13th century until the Kingdom of Scotland merged with the Kingdom of England under the Acts of Union 1707 to form the Kingdom of Great Britain. This article is about the pre-1707 parliament The article on the devolved legislative body established in 1999 is at Scottish Parliament. The States or the Estates signifies in different countries and Dominions the assembly of the ( feudalistic) representatives of the Estates of The Kingdom of Scotland ( Gaelic: Rìoghachd na h-Alba, Scots: Kinrick o Scotland) was a State in northwest Europe The Kingdom of England was a State (927-1707 located in Western Europe dating from the ninth or tenth century to the early eighteenth century when it was legally The Acts of Union were a pair of Parliamentary Acts passed during 1706 and 1707 by the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland to put into The Kingdom of Great Britain, also known as the United Kingdom of Great Britain, was a State in northwest Europe, in existence from 1707 to 1800 [7] As a consequence, the Parliament of Scotland merged with the Parliament of England to form the Parliament of Great Britain, which sat at Westminster in London. The Parliament of England was the Legislature of the Kingdom of England. The Parliament of Great Britain was formed in 1707 following the ratification of the Acts of Union by both the Parliament of England and Parliament of Scotland Westminster is an area of Central London, within the City of Westminster. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. [7]
Following a referendum in 1997 in which the Scottish people gave their consent, the current Parliament was established by the Scotland Act 1998, which sets out its powers as a devolved legislature. The Scottish referendum of 1997 was a pre-legislative Referendum held in Scotland, over whether there was support for the creation of a parliament for Scotland The Scotland Act 1998 (1998 c 46 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Devolution is the statutory granting of powers from the central government of a State to government at subnational level The Act delineates the legislative competence of the Parliament — the areas in which it can make laws — by explicitly specifying powers that are "reserved" to the Parliament of the United Kingdom: all matters that are not explicitly reserved are automatically the responsibility of the Scottish Parliament. Scots law is a unique legal system with an ancient basis in Roman law. For other meanings see Reserved powers disambiguation page In the United Kingdom reserved matters, also referred to as reserved The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative body in the United Kingdom and British overseas territories [8] The UK Parliament retains the ability to amend the terms of reference of the Scottish Parliament, and can extend or reduce the areas in which it can make laws. [9] The first meeting of the new Parliament took place on 12 May 1999. Events 1191 - Richard I of England marries Berengaria of Navarre. Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) [10]
Contents |
History
| Scotland |
 This article is part of the series: |
|
|
|
Scottish Parliament |
|
|
Scotland in the United Kingdom |
|
Parliament of the United Kingdom
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other countries · Atlas Politics Portal |
- Further information: Devolution
Before the Act of Union 1707 that merged the Kingdom of Scotland with Kingdom of England (to form the Kingdom of Great Britain), Scotland had an independent parliament with a legislature known as the Three Estates. Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. Current situation The largest party is the Scottish National Party, which campaigns for Scottish independence. The Scottish Government (SG ( Scottish Gaelic: Riaghaltas na h-Alba) is the executive arm of the government of Scotland. The First Minister of Scotland (Prìomh Mhinistear na h-Alba First Meinister o Scotland is the head of the devolved Scottish Alexander Elliot Anderson "Alex" Salmond, (ˈsamənd is the First Minister of Scotland, heading a minority Scottish Government. The Deputy First Minister of Scotland is the deputy to the First Minister of Scotland. Nicola Sturgeon (born on 19 July, 1970 in Irvine, North Ayrshire) is the Deputy First Minister of Scotland, Cabinet Secretary Salmond government The Salmond government ( 16 May, 2007 &ndash) is a Scottish National Party Minority government. The Crown Office and Procurator Fiscal Service (Oifis a' Chrùin agus Seirbheis Neach-casaid a' Chrùin provides an independent public prosecution service, investigates Her Majesty's Advocate (or when the monarch is male His Majesty's Advocate) known as the Lord Advocate (Morair Tagraidh is the chief legal officer of the Scottish Elish Frances Angiolini QC (Scot (born 24 June 1960 as Elish Frances McPhilomy) is a Scottish lawyer who has served in the Executive agencies are established by Ministers as part of Scottish Government departments or as departments in their own right to carry out a discrete area of work Scottish public bodies are a group of organisations that are funded by the Scottish Government. "Acts of the Scottish Parliament" redirects here For pre-Union acts see List of Acts of the Scottish Parliament to 1707. The Presiding Officer of the Scottish Parliament (Oifigear-Riaghlaidh Preses o the Scots Pairlament is the speaker of the Scottish Parliament, elected by the Alex Fergusson (born 8 April 1949 Leswalt, Wigtownshire) is a Conservative politician and Presiding Officer of the Scottish Parliament. The Scottish Parliament Building (Pàrlamaid na h-Alba is the home of the Scottish Parliament at Holyrood, within the UNESCO World Heritage Site Member of the Scottish Parliament ( MSP) ( Ball Pàrlamaid na h-Alba ( BPA) in Gaelic) is the title given to any one of the 129 individuals elected Composition of the Parliament Graphical representation This is a graphical comparison of party strengths in the 1st session of the Scottish Parliament at the time Composition of the Parliament Graphical representation This is a graphical comparison of party strengths in the 2nd session of the Scottish Parliament at the time Composition of the Parliament Graphical representation This is a graphical comparison of party strengths in the 3rd session of the Scottish Parliament as of The Scottish Parliament ( Holyrood) has 73 constituencies, each electing one Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP by the Plurality ( First Scotland has elections to several bodies the Scottish Parliament, the United Kingdom Parliament, the European Parliament, local councils and Community The Scottish Parliament election 1999 was the first General election of the Scottish Parliament, with voting taking place on May 6, 1999. The Scottish Parliament election 2003, was the second General election of the Scottish Parliament. The 2007 Scottish Parliament election was held on Thursday 3 May 2007 to elect members to the Scottish Parliament The 2011 Scottish Parliament election will be held on Thursday 5 May 2011 to elect members to the Scottish Parliament. A Legislative Consent Motion (also known as a Sewel motion) is a parliamentary motion passed by the Scottish Parliament, in which it agrees that the The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Her Majesty's Government, or when the monarch is male His Majesty's Government, is the title used by the Government of the United Kingdom, based at The Secretary of State for Scotland ( Scottish Gaelic: Rùnaire Stàite na h-Alba) is the principal minister of Her Majesty's Government in the The Rt Hon Desmond Henry Browne MP (born 22 March 1952 commonly known as Des Browne, is a Scottish Labour Party Politician. The Scotland Office ( Oifis na h-Alba in Scottish Gaelic) is a department of the United Kingdom government within the Ministry of Justice and For other meanings see Reserved powers disambiguation page In the United Kingdom reserved matters, also referred to as reserved Her Majesty's Advocate General for Scotland (Àrd-neach-tagraidh na Bànrighe airson Alba in is one of the Law Officers of the Crown, whose duty it is to advise the Crown Neil Forbes Davidson Baron Davidson of Glen Clova, QC (born 13 September 1950) is a Scottish Lawyer. The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative body in the United Kingdom and British overseas territories As a result of the Fifth Periodical Review of the Boundary Commission for Scotland, Scotland is covered by 59 constituencies of the House of Commons The Scottish Grand Committee is a committee of the House of Commons. The Scottish Affairs Committee is a select committee appointed by the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom to examine the expenditure Scotland has elections to several bodies the Scottish Parliament, the United Kingdom Parliament, the European Parliament, local councils and Community Results The election was fought under new boundaries with a net increase of eight seats compared to the 1992 election Results |} Total votes cast 26368204 All parties with more than 500 votes shown Results Overview For events leading up to the date of the election see article Pre-election day events of the United Kingdom general Leadership of the main parties David Cameron became Conservative leader in December 2005 replacing Michael Howard. This is a list of Members of Parliament (MPs elected to the House of Commons by Scottish constituencies for the Fifty-Fourth Parliament of the United Kingdom The three major legal systems of the world today consist of civil law, Common law and Religious law. Scots law is a unique legal system with an ancient basis in Roman law. The College of Justice is a term used to describe the Supreme Courts of Scotland, and its associated bodies The European Parliament ( Europarl or EP) is the only directly elected parliamentary institution of the European Union (EU Scotland constitutes a single Constituency of the European Parliament. Scotland has elections to several bodies the Scottish Parliament, the United Kingdom Parliament, the European Parliament, local councils and Community England Scotland and Wales Turnout for all the regions was 37 Elections to the European Parliament will be held from 4 June to 7 June 2009 in the 27 member states of the European Union, using varying election Local government in Scotland is organised through 32 unitary authorities consisting of Councillors elected every four years by registered voters in each of the For local government purposes Scotland is divided into 32 areas designated as "council areas" which are all governed by unitary authorities designated as The Convention of Scottish Local Authorities (COSLA is the representative association of Scottish local government and is the Employers’ association Parties represented in the Scottish Parliament Parties represented in the Scottish Parliament (in order of number of representatives Scottish National Unionism in Scotland is the belief in that Scotland should remain in the United Kingdom in its present structure as a union between its main Constituent countries Information on politics by country is available for every Country, including both De jure and De facto independent Devolution is the statutory granting of powers from the central government of a State to government at subnational level The Acts of Union were a pair of Parliamentary Acts passed during 1706 and 1707 by the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland to put into The Kingdom of Scotland ( Gaelic: Rìoghachd na h-Alba, Scots: Kinrick o Scotland) was a State in northwest Europe The Kingdom of England was a State (927-1707 located in Western Europe dating from the ninth or tenth century to the early eighteenth century when it was legally The Kingdom of Great Britain, also known as the United Kingdom of Great Britain, was a State in northwest Europe, in existence from 1707 to 1800 Independence is the Self-government of a Nation, Country, or State by its residents and population or some portion thereof generally exercising This article is about the pre-1707 parliament The article on the devolved legislative body established in 1999 is at Scottish Parliament. The Estates of the realm were the broad divisions of society usually distinguishing Nobility, Clergy, and Commoners recognized in the Middle Ages Initial Scottish proposals in the negotiation over the Union suggested a devolved Parliament be retained in Scotland, but this was not accepted by the English negotiators. The Kingdom of England was a State (927-1707 located in Western Europe dating from the ninth or tenth century to the early eighteenth century when it was legally [11]
For the next three hundred years, Scotland was directly governed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom, at Westminster, and the lack of a Scottish Parliament remained an important element in Scottish national identity. Westminster is an area of Central London, within the City of Westminster. Scottish national identity is a term referring to the sense of national identity and common culture of Scottish people and is shared by a considerable majority [12] Suggestions for a 'devolved' Parliament were made before 1914, but were shelved due to the outbreak of the First World War. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All [12] A sharp rise in nationalism in Scotland during the late 1960s fueled demands for some form of home rule or complete independence, and prompted the incumbent Labour Government of Harold Wilson to set up the Kilbrandon Commission on the UK Constitution in 1969. The term nationalism can refer to an Ideology, a sentiment, a form of Culture, or a Social movement that focuses on the Nation Devolution is the statutory granting of powers from the central government of a State to government at subnational level The Labour Party is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Founded at the start of the 20th century it has been since the 1920s the principal party of the James Harold Wilson Baron Wilson of Rievaulx, KG, OBE, FRS, PC (11 March 1916 &ndash 24 May 1995 was one of the most prominent British politicians The Royal Commission on the Constitution, also referred to as the Kilbrandon Commission (initially the Crowther Commission) or Kilbrandon Report, was a The constitution of the United Kingdom is the set of laws and principles under which the United Kingdom is governed [12] One of the principal objectives of the commission was to examine ways of enabling more self-government for Scotland, within the unitary state of the United Kingdom. [12] Kilbrandon published his report in 1973 recommending the establishment of a directly elected Scottish Assembly to legislate for the majority of domestic Scottish affairs. The Scottish Assembly was a proposed Legislature for Scotland that would have devolved a set list of powers from the Parliament of the United [13]
During this time, the discovery of oil in the North Sea and the following "It's Scotland's oil" campaign of the Scottish National Party (SNP) resulted in rising support for Scottish independence, as well as the SNP. North Sea oil refers to oil and Natural gas ( Hydrocarbons produced from Oil reservoirs beneath the North Sea. The North Sea is a marginal, Epeiric sea of the Atlantic Ocean on the European Continental shelf. It's Scotland's oil was a widely publicised political slogan used by the Scottish National Party (SNP during the 1970s in making their economic case for Scottish independence The Scottish National Party (SNP (Pàrtaidh Nàiseanta na h-Alba Scottis Naitional Pairtie is a Centre-left political party which campaigns for Scottish The party argued that the revenues from the oil were not benefiting Scotland as much as they should be. [12] The combined effect of these events led to Prime Minister Wilson committing his government to some form of devolved legislature in 1974. The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the political leader of the United Kingdom [12] However, it was not until 1978 that final legislative proposals for a Scottish Assembly were passed by the United Kingdom Parliament. Under the terms of the Scotland Act 1978, an elected assembly would be set up in Edinburgh provided that the majority of the Scottish electorate voted for it in a referendum to be held on 1 March 1979. The Scotland Act 1978 was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom (Westminster seeking to establish a Scottish Assembly as a devolved Events 86 BC - Lucius Cornelius Sulla, at the head of a Roman Republic army enters in Athens, removing the Tyrant Year 1979 ( MCMLXXIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1979 Gregorian calendar) The 1979 Scotland referendum to establish a devolved Scottish Assembly failed. The Scottish referendum of 1979 was a post-legislative Referendum to decide whether there was sufficient support for the Scotland Act 1978 among the Scottish Although the vote was 52% in favour of a Scottish Assembly, this figure did not equal the 40% of the total electorate threshold deemed necessary to pass the measure, as 32. 9% of the eligible voting population did not, or had been unable to, vote. [14]
Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, demands for a Scottish Parliament grew, in part because the government of the United Kingdom was controlled by the Conservative Party, while Scotland itself elected very few Tory MPs. The Conservative Party (officially the Conservative and Unionist Party) is a Political party in the United Kingdom. In the political tradition of some English-speaking countries, the term Tory has referred to a variety of political parties and Creeds since it was [12] In the aftermath of the 1979 referendum defeat, the Campaign for a Scottish Assembly was initiated as a pressure group, leading to the 1989 Scottish Constitutional Convention with various organisations, political parties and representatives of industry taking part. The Campaign for a Scottish Assembly (CSA was formed in the aftermath of the 1979 referendum that failed to establish a devolved Scottish Assembly. An interest group (also advocacy group, lobby group, pressure group or special interest group) is an organized collection of people who seek The Scottish Constitutional Convention (SCC was association of Scottish political parties churches and other civic groups that developed a framework for a Scottish Parties represented in the Scottish Parliament Parties represented in the Scottish Parliament (in order of number of representatives Scottish National Publishing its blueprint for devolution in 1995, the convention provided much of the basis for the structure of the Parliament. [15]
Devolution became part of the platform of the Labour Party which, in May 1997, took power under Tony Blair. Anthony Charles Lynton "Tony" Blair (born 6 May 1953 is a British Politician who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 2 May 1997 to [12] In September 1997, a referendum of the Scottish electorate secured a majority in favour of the establishment of a new devolved Scottish Parliament with tax-varying powers in Edinburgh. [16] An election was held on 6 May 1999, and on 1 July of that year power was transferred from Westminster to the new Parliament. Events 1527 - Spanish and German troops sack Rome; some consider this the end of the Renaissance. Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. [17]
Building
Since September 2004 the official home of the Scottish Parliament has been a new Scottish Parliament Building, in the Holyrood area of Edinburgh. The Scottish Parliament Building (Pàrlamaid na h-Alba is the home of the Scottish Parliament at Holyrood, within the UNESCO World Heritage Site September 2004: January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August The Scottish Parliament Building (Pàrlamaid na h-Alba is the home of the Scottish Parliament at Holyrood, within the UNESCO World Heritage Site Designed by Catalan architect Enric Miralles, some of the principal features of the complex include leaf-shaped buildings, a grass-roofed branch merging into adjacent parkland and gabion walls formed from the stones of previous buildings. The Catalans are the people from Catalonia, an Autonomous community of Spain, including people originating in that region but living elsewhere Enric Miralles Moya (1955 &ndash July 3 2000) was a Catalan Architect. Throughout the building there are many repeated motifs, such as shapes based on Raeburn's Skating Minister. Sir Henry Raeburn ( 4 March, 1756 - 8 July, 1823) was a Scottish Portrait painter. The Reverend Robert Walker Skating on Duddingston Loch, better known by its shorter title The Skating Minister, is an Oil painting by Sir [18] Crow-stepped gables and the upturned boat skylights of the Garden Lobby, complete the unique[19] architecture. A Crow-stepped gable is a stair-step type of design at the top of the triangular Gable -end of a building Queen Elizabeth II opened the new building on 9 October 2004. For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II Events 768 - Carloman I and Charlemagne are crowned Kings of The Franks. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again "
Whilst the building was being constructed, the Parliament's temporary home was the General Assembly Hall of the Church of Scotland on the Royal Mile in Edinburgh. The Assembly Hall is located between the Lawnmarket and The Mound in Edinburgh, Scotland. The Church of Scotland (Eaglais na h-Alba known informally by its Scots language name The Kirk, is the National church of Scotland. The Royal Mile is the popular name for the succession of streets which form the main thoroughfare of Edinburgh's Old Town. [20] Official photographs and TV interviews were held in the courtyard adjoining the Parliament, which is part of the School of Divinity of the University of Edinburgh. New College Edinburgh was opened in 1846 as a college of the Free Church of Scotland, later of the United Free Church of Scotland, and from the 1930s has been the The University of Edinburgh (Oilthigh Dhùn Èideann founded in 1582 is a renowned centre for teaching and research in Edinburgh, Scotland, UK. This building was vacated twice to allow for the meeting of the Church's General Assembly. The General Assembly of the Church of Scotland is the sovereign and highest Court of the Church of Scotland, and is thus the Church's governing body In May 2000, the Parliament was temporarily relocated to the former Strathclyde Regional Council debating chamber in Glasgow, and to the University of Aberdeen in May 2002. Strathclyde ( Srath Chluaidh in Gaelic, meaning "valley of the River Clyde" is a Historic subdivision of Scotland, and was one of the regional The University of Aberdeen is an Ancient university founded in 1495, in Old Aberdeen, Scotland. [21]
In March 2006, one of the Holyrood building's roof beams slipped out of its support and was left dangling above the Conservative back benches during a debate. The Scottish Conservative & Unionist Party (informally the Scottish Conservative Party and often referred to as the Scottish Tories) is the part of [22] The debating chamber was subsequently closed, and MSPs moved to The Hub for one week, while inspections were carried out. The Hub, at the top of Edinburgh 's Royal Mile, is the home of the Edinburgh International Festival, and a central source of information on all the [23] During repairs, all chamber business was conducted in the Parliament's committee room two.
Officials
After each election to the Scottish Parliament, at the beginning of each parliamentary session, Parliament elects one MSP to serve as Presiding Officer, the equivalent of the speaker (currently Alex Fergusson MSP), and two MSPs to serve as deputies (currently Trish Godman MSP and Alasdair Morgan MSP). The Presiding Officer of the Scottish Parliament (Oifigear-Riaghlaidh Preses o the Scots Pairlament is the speaker of the Scottish Parliament, elected by the The term speaker is a title often given to the presiding officer of a legislative body Alex Fergusson (born 8 April 1949 Leswalt, Wigtownshire) is a Conservative politician and Presiding Officer of the Scottish Parliament. Patricia 'Trish' Godman (born 31 October 1939, Govan, Glasgow) is a Scottish Labour politician and Member of the Alasdair Morgan (born April 21 1945 is a Scottish politician He has been a Scottish National Party Member of the Scottish Parliament for the South The Presiding Officer and deputies are elected by a secret ballot of the 129 MSPs, which is the only secret ballot conducted in the Scottish Parliament. The secret ballot is a voting method in which a Voter 's choices are confidential [24] Principally, the role of the Presiding Officer is to chair chamber proceedings and the Scottish Parliamentary Corporate Body. The Scottish Parliamentary Corporate Body (SPCB is a body of the Scottish Parliament responsible for the administration of the Parliament [25] When chairing meetings of the Parliament, the Presiding Officer and his deputies must be politically impartial. [25] During debates, the Presiding Officer (or his deputy) is assisted by the parliamentary clerks, who give advice on how to interpret the standing orders that govern the proceedings of meetings. A vote clerk sits in front of the Presiding Officer and operates the electronic voting equipment and chamber clocks. [26]
As a member of the Scottish Parliamentary Corporate Body, the Presiding Officer is responsible for ensuring that the Parliament functions effectively and has the staff, property and resources it requires to operate. The Scottish Parliamentary Corporate Body (SPCB is a body of the Scottish Parliament responsible for the administration of the Parliament [27] Convening the Parliamentary Bureau, which allocates time and sets the work agenda in the chamber, is another of the roles of the Presiding Officer. Under the Standing Orders of the Parliament the Bureau consists of the Presiding Officer and one representative from each political parties with five or more seats in the Parliament. Amongst the duties of the Bureau are to agree the timetable of business in the chamber, establish the number, remit and membership of parliamentary committees and regulate the passage of legislation (bills) through the Parliament. The Presiding Officer also represents the Scottish Parliament at home and abroad in an official capacity. [25]
The Presiding Officer controls debates by calling on members to speak. If a member believes that a rule (or standing order) has been breached, he or she may raise a "point of order", on which the Presiding Officer makes a ruling that is not subject to any debate or appeal. For the 1964 documentary film see Point of Order (film. For other uses see Point A point of order is a matter raised during consideration The Presiding Officer may also discipline members who fail to observe the rules of the Parliament. [25]
The member of the Scottish Government whose duty it is to steer Executive business through Parliament is the Minister for Parliamentary Business (currently Bruce Crawford MSP). The Scottish Government (SG ( Scottish Gaelic: Riaghaltas na h-Alba) is the executive arm of the government of Scotland. The Minister for Parliamentary Business is a member the Scottish Government whose job it is to steer government business through the Scottish Parliament. Bruce Crawford (born 16 February 1955) is a Scottish National Party politician currently the Minister for Parliamentary Business and Member The minister is appointed by the First Minister and is a Junior Minister in the Scottish Government, who does not attend cabinet. The First Minister of Scotland (Prìomh Mhinistear na h-Alba First Meinister o Scotland is the head of the devolved Scottish List of Scottish Governments is a list of all Scottish Government (formerly Scottish Executive ministerial teams which have existed since the introduction of political
Parliamentary chamber
Unlike Westminster, the debating chamber of the Scottish Parliament has seating arranged in a hemicycle, which reflects the desire to encourage consensus amongst elected members. In Legislatures, a hemicycle is a term for a semicircular, or Horseshoe shaped debating chamber where deputies (members sit to discuss and [26] There are 131 seats in the debating chamber. Of the total 131 seats, 129 are occupied by the Parliament's elected MSPs and 2 are seats for the Scottish Law Officers - the Lord Advocate and the Solicitor General for Scotland, who are not elected members of the Parliament but are members of the Scottish Government. Her Majesty's Advocate (or when the monarch is male His Majesty's Advocate) known as the Lord Advocate (Morair Tagraidh is the chief legal officer of the Scottish Her Majesty's Solicitor General for Scotland ( Àrd-neach-lagha a' Chrùin an Alba) is one of the Law Officers of the Crown, and the deputy of the Lord As such the Law Officers may attend and speak in the plenary meetings of the Parliament, but as they are not elected MSPs they cannot vote. Members are able to sit anywhere in the debating chamber, but typically sit in their party groupings. [26] The First Minister, Scottish cabinet ministers and Law officers sit in the front row, in the middle section of the chamber. List of Scottish Governments is a list of all Scottish Government (formerly Scottish Executive ministerial teams which have existed since the introduction of political The largest party in the Parliament sits in the middle of the semicircle, with opposing parties on either side. [26] The Presiding Officer, parliamentary clerks and officials sit opposite members at the front of the debating chamber.
In front of the Presiding Officers' desk is the parliamentary mace, which is made from silver and inlaid with gold panned from Scottish rivers and inscribed with the words: Wisdom, Compassion, Justice and Integrity. The ceremonial mace is a highly ornamented staff of metal and wood carried before a sovereign or other high official in civic ceremonies by a Mace-bearer, intended Silver (ˈsɪlvɚ is a Chemical element with the symbol " Ag " (argentum from the Ancient Greek: ἀργήντος - argēntos gen Inlay is a decorative technique of inserting pieces of coloured materials into depressions in a base object to form patterns or pictures Gold (ˈɡoʊld is a Chemical element with the symbol Au (from its Latin name aurum) and Atomic number 79 The words - There shall be a Scottish Parliament, which are the first words of the Scotland Act, are inscribed around the head of the mace. [26] The mace has a formal ceremonial role in the meetings of Parliament, reinforcing the authority of the Parliament in its ability to make laws. [28] Presented to the Scottish Parliament by the Queen upon its official opening in July 1999, the mace is displayed in a glass case suspended from the lid. At the beginning of each sitting in the chamber, the lid of the case is rotated so that the mace is above the glass, to symbolise that a full meeting of the Parliament is taking place. [26]
Proceedings
Parliament sits from Monday through to Thursday from early January through to late June and from early September through to mid December, with 2-week recesses in April and October. [29] Full plenary meetings in the debating chamber usually take place on Wednesday afternoons from 2pm to 6pm and on Thursday from 9. 15am to 6pm. [29] Chamber debates and committee meetings are open to the public. Entry is free, but booking in advance is recommended due to limited space. Meetings are broadcast on the Parliament's own channel Holyrood. tv[30] and on the BBC's parliamentary channel BBC Parliament. Proceedings are also recorded, in text form, in print and online in the Official Report, which is the substantially verbatim[31] transcript of parliamentary debates.
"Time for Reflection" is normally the first item of business on Wednesdays. [32] A speaker addresses the meeting for up to four minutes to share their perspectives on issues of faith. Faith is a Belief in the trustworthiness of an Idea. Formal usage of the word "faith" is usually reserved for concepts of Religion, as in This contrasts with the formal style of "Prayers", which is the first item of business in meetings of the House of Commons. The House of Commons' is the Lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which also comprises the Sovereign and the House of Lords Speakers are drawn from different faith groups across Scotland. Scotland is traditionally a Christian nation with around 65% claiming to be Christian at the 2001 census. Invitations to address Parliament in this manner are determined by the Presiding Officer on the advice of the parliamentary bureau. Different faith groups can make direct representations to the Presiding Officer in nominating speakers. The pattern of speakers represents the balance of religious beliefs in Scotland according to the Scottish census. The United Kingdom has taken a Census of its population every ten years since 1801 with the exception of 1941 ( during the Second World War) [32]
The Presiding Officer (or Deputy Presiding Officer) decides who speaks in chamber debates and the amount of time for which they are allowed to speak. [25] Normally the Presiding Officer tries to achieve a balance between different viewpoints and political parties when selecting members to speak. [26] Typically Ministers or party leaders open debates, with opening speakers given between 5 and 20 minutes, and succeeding speakers allocated less time. [26] The Presiding Officer can reduce speaking times if a high volume of members wish to participate in the debate. Debate is much more informal than in some parliamentary systems. [33] Members may call each other directly by name, rather than by constituency or cabinet position, unlike the House of Commons remarks are not directed to the Presiding Officer, and hand clapping is allowed in the chamber. [34] Speeches to the chamber are normally delivered in English, but members may use Scots, Gaelic, or any other language with the agreement of the Presiding Officer. English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States Scots ( The Scots leid) refers to Anglic varieties derived from early northern Middle English spoken in parts of Scotland and Northern Scottish Gaelic ( Gàidhlig) is a member of the Goidelic branch of Celtic languages. [35] The Scottish Parliament has conducted debates in the Gaelic language. [36]
Each sitting day, normally at 5pm, MSPs decide on all the motions and amendments that have been moved that day; this is known as "Decision Time", and is heralded by the sounding of the division bell, which is heard throughout the Parliamentary campus and alerts MSPs who are not in the chamber to return and vote. A motion is a formal step to introduce a matter for consideration by a group [26] At Decision Time, the Presiding Officer puts questions on the motions and amendments by reading out the name of the motion or amendment as well as the proposer and asking "Are we all agreed?", to which the chamber first votes orally. If there is audible dissent, the Presiding Officer announces "There will be a division" and members proceed to an electronic vote by means of electronic consoles on their desks. Each MSP has a unique access card with microchip which, when inserted into the console, identifies them and allows them to vote. Microchipsjpg|right|thumb|200px|Microchips ( EPROM memory with a transparent window showing the integrated circuit inside [26] As a result, the outcome of each division is known in seconds.
The outcome of most votes is largely known beforehand, since political parties normally instruct members on how to vote. A party entrusts some MSPs, known as whips, with the task of ensuring that all party members vote as desired. Whip is a role in party-based politics whose primary purpose is to ensure control of the formal decision-making process in a parliamentary legislature [37] MSPs do not tend to vote against such instructions, since those who do so are unlikely to reach higher political ranks in their parties. [38] Errant members can be deselected as official party candidates during future elections, and, in serious cases, may be expelled from their parties outright. [38] Thus, as with many Parliaments, the independence of Members of the Scottish Parliament tends to be extremely low, and "backbench rebellions" by members discontent with their party's policies are rare. [39] In some circumstances, however, parties announce "free votes", allowing Members to vote as they please. This is done on moral issues. Morality (from the Latin la moralitas "manner character proper behavior" has three principal meanings [40]
Immediately after Decision Time a "Members Debate" is held, which lasts for 45 minutes. [26] Members Business is a debate on a motion proposed by an MSP who is not a Scottish minister. The Scottish Government (SG ( Scottish Gaelic: Riaghaltas na h-Alba) is the executive arm of the government of Scotland. Such motions are on issues which may be of interest to a particular area (such as the members' own constituency), an upcoming or past event or any other item which would otherwise not be accorded official parliamentary time. As well as the proposer, other members normally contribute to the debate. The relevant minister, whose department the debate and motion relate to, "winds-up" the debate by speaking after all other participants.
Committees
Much of the work of the Scottish Parliament is done in committee. A committee (some of which are titled instead as a "Commission" or other terms discussed below in) is a type of small Deliberative assembly that is usually intended The role of committees is stronger in the Scottish Parliament than in other parliamentary systems, partly as a means of strengthening the role of backbenchers in their scrutiny of the government[41] and partly to compensate for the fact that there is no revising chamber. The principal role of committees in the Scottish Parliament is to conduct inquiries, scrutinise legislation and hold the government to account. [42] Committee meetings take place in the Parliament's committee rooms all day Tuesday and Wednesday morning when Parliament is sitting. Committees can also meet at other locations throughout Scotland. [43]
Committees comprise a small number of MSPs, with membership reflecting the balance of parties across Parliament. [42] There are different committees with their functions set out in different ways. Mandatory Committees are committees which are set down under the Scottish Parliament's standing orders, which govern their remits and proceedings. The current Mandatory Committees of the Scottish Parliament are: Audit; Equal Opportunities; European and External Relations; Finance; Procedures; Public Petitions; Standards and Public Appointments; and Subordinate Legislation. The most general definition of an audit is an evaluation of a person organization system process project or product See also Politics of the European Union The politics of Europe deals with the continually evolving politics within the continent The field of finance refers to the concepts of Time, Money and Risk and how they are interrelated [42]
Subject Committees are established at the beginning of each parliamentary session, and again the balance of members on each committee reflects the balance of parties across Parliament. Typically each committee corresponds with one (or more) of the departments (or ministries) of the Scottish Government. The current Subject Committees are: Economy, Energy and Tourism; Education, Lifelong Learning and Culture; Health and Sport; Justice; Local Government and Communities; Rural Affairs and Environment; Scottish Parliamentary Pension Scheme; and Transport, Infrastructure and Climate Change. Scotland has a long history of universal provision of Public education, and the Scottish education system is distinctly different from other parts of the United NHS Scotland (sometimes NHSScotland) ( Gaelic: SNN Alba or Bòrd slàinte na Alba) is the publicly funded healthcare system of Scots law is a unique legal system with an ancient basis in Roman law. Local government in Scotland is organised through 32 unitary authorities consisting of Councillors elected every four years by registered voters in each of the The transport system in Scotland is generally well-developed The Scottish Parliament has control over most elements of transport policy within Scotland and the [42]
A further type of committee is normally set up to scrutinise private bills submitted to the Scottish Parliament by an outside party or promoter who is not a member of the Scottish Parliament or Scottish Government. A private bill is an act considered or acted upon by a Legislature that helps a single individual group of individuals or corporate entity by affording relief from another Private bills normally relate to large-scale development projects such as infrastructure projects that require the use of land or property. [44] Private Bill Committees have been set up to consider legislation on issues such as the development of the Edinburgh Tram Network, the Glasgow Airport Rail Link, the Airdrie-Bathgate Rail Link and extensions to the National Gallery of Scotland. Edinburgh Trams is a project to build a new Tramway in Edinburgh, where local public transport has been limited to buses since the closing of the city’s original The Glasgow Airport Rail Link (GARL is a proposed rail link which will link Glasgow Central station to Glasgow International Airport. The Airdrie-Bathgate Rail Link is a proposed Railway development in Central Scotland. The National Gallery of Scotland, in Edinburgh, is the national Art gallery of Scotland. [45]
Legislative functions
Constitution and powers
The Scotland Act 1998, which was passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom and given Royal Assent by Queen Elizabeth II on 19 November 1998,[46] governs the functions and role of the Scottish Parliament and delimits its legislative competence. The granting of Royal Assent is the formal method by which a constitutional monarch completes the legislative process of Lawmaking by formally assenting to an Events 1095 - The Council of Clermont, called by Pope Urban II to discuss sending the First Crusade to the Holy Land Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar) For the purposes of parliamentary sovereignty, the Parliament of the United Kingdom at Westminster continues to constitute the supreme legislature of Scotland,[47] but under the terms of the Scotland Act, Westminster agreed to devolve some of its responsibilities over the domestic policy of Scotland to a new directly elected Scottish Parliament. Parliamentary sovereignty, Sovereignty of Parliament, parliamentary supremacy, or legislative supremacy is a concept in Constitutional law [47] Such matters are known as "devolved matters" and include education, health, agriculture and justice. The Scottish Executive Environment and Rural Affairs Department (SEERAD was a civil service department of the Scottish Executive. [48] The Scotland Act enabled the Scottish Parliament to pass primary legislation on these issues. An Act of Parliament is a Law enacted as Primary legislation by a national or sub-national Parliament. A degree of domestic authority, and all foreign policy, remains at present with the UK Parliament in Westminster. The United Kingdom (UK is a key player in international politics with interests throughout the world [48] The Scottish Parliament has the power to pass laws and has limited tax-varying capability. [49] Another of the roles of the Parliament is to hold the Scottish Government to account.
The specific devolved matters are all subjects which are not explicitly stated in Schedule 5 to the Scotland Act as reserved matters. For other meanings see Reserved powers disambiguation page In the United Kingdom reserved matters, also referred to as reserved All matters that are not specifically reserved are automatically devolved to the Scottish Parliament. [48] Most importantly, this includes agriculture, fisheries and forestry, economic development, education, environment, food standards, health, home affairs, Scots law — courts, police and fire services, local government, sport and the arts, transport, training, tourism, research and statistics and social work. The economy of Scotland is closely linked with the rest of the United Kingdom and the wider European Economic Area, it is essentially a Mixed economy The civil, criminal and heraldic Courts of Scotland are responsible for the administration of Justice. Sport plays a central role in Scottish culture. The Temperate, Oceanic climate has played a key part in the evolution of Sport in Scotland, with Scotland is a well-developed tourist destination with Tourism generally being responsible for sustaining 200000 jobs mainly in the service sector with tourist spending [48] The Scottish Parliament has the ability to alter income tax in Scotland by up to 3 pence in the pound. A penny (pl pence or pennies) is a Coin or a unit of Currency used in several English -speaking countries The Pound Sterling ( symbol £; ISO code: GBP) subdivided into 100 pence (singular penny) is the Currency [49]
Reserved matters are subjects that are outside the legislative competence of the Scotland Parliament. [49] The Scottish Parliament is unable to legislate on such issues that are reserved to, and dealt with at, Westminster (and where Ministerial functions usually lie with UK Government ministers). These include abortion, broadcasting policy, civil service, common markets for UK goods and services, constitution, electricity, coal, oil, gas, nuclear energy, defence and national security, drug policy, employment, foreign policy and relations with Europe, most aspects of transport safety and regulation, National Lottery, protection of borders, social security and stability of UK's fiscal, economic and monetary system. Abortion in the United Kingdom has been legal in England, Scotland and Wales since the Abortion Act passed in 1967 The United Kingdom has an extremely diverse media with an almost unrivalled number of outlets second only to the United States. Her Majesty's Civil Service, also known as the Home Civil Service, is the permanent Bureaucracy of Crown employees that supports UK Government Ministers The constitution of the United Kingdom is the set of laws and principles under which the United Kingdom is governed For Government policy see Energy policy of the United Kingdom Energy use and conservation in the United Kingdom has been receiving increased As of 2006 the United Kingdom operates 24 Nuclear reactors generating one-fifth of its electricity (19 The Ministry of Defence ( MoD) is the United Kingdom government department responsible for implementation of government defence policy and is the headquarters The Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 (c38 is an Act of Parliament, by which the United Kingdom aims to control the possession and supply of numerous drugs The transport systems in the United Kingdom are the responsibility of each individual country The UK Department for Transport is the government department responsible The National Lottery is the largest Lottery in the United Kingdom. National Insurance (NI is a system of taxes and related Social security benefits in the United Kingdom. The economy of the United Kingdom is the fifth largest in the world in terms of market Exchange rates and the sixth largest by Purchasing power parity Sterling banknotes are the Banknotes of the United Kingdom and British Islands, denominated in pounds sterling (symbol £ [48]
Members of the public take part in Parliament in two ways that are not the case at Westminster: a public petitioning system, and cross-party groups on policy topics which the interested public join and attend meetings of, alongside MSPs. A petition is a request to change some thing most commonly made to a government official or public entity [50] The Parliament is able to debate any issue (including those reserved to Westminster) but is unable to make laws on issues that are outside its legislative competence.
Bills
As the Scottish Parliament is able to make laws on the areas constitutionally devolved to it, the legislative process begins with bills (draft laws) which are presented to Parliament. For other uses see Bill. A bill is a proposed new law introduced within a Legislature that has not been ratified, adopted [51]
Bills can be introduced to Parliament in a number of ways; the Scottish Government can introduce new laws or amendments to existing laws as a bill; a committee of the Parliament can present a bill in one of the areas under its remit; a member of the Scottish Parliament can introduce a bill as a private member; or a private bill can be submitted to Parliament by an outside proposer. A private bill is an act considered or acted upon by a Legislature that helps a single individual group of individuals or corporate entity by affording relief from another [51] Most draft laws are government bills introduced by ministers in the governing party. Bills pass through Parliament in a number of stages:[52]
Stage 1 is the first, or introductory stage of the bill, where the minister or member in charge of the bill will formally introduce it to Parliament together with its accompanying documents - Explanatory Notes, a Policy Memorandum setting out the policy underlying the bill, and a Financial Memorandum setting out the costs and savings associated with it. [52] Statements from the Presiding Officer and the member in charge of the bill are also lodged indicating whether the bill is within the legislative competence of the Parliament. Stage 1 usually takes place, initially, in the relevant committee or committees and is then submitted to the whole Parliament for a full debate in the chamber on the general principles of the bill. [52] If the whole Parliament agrees in a vote to the general principles of the bill, it then proceeds to Stage 2.
Stage 2 is normally conducted entirely in the relevant committee, where amendments to the bill are proposed by committee members. At this stage, the bill is considered in substantial detail. Some bills and all emergency bills are considered in detail by a committee of the whole Parliament, in the debating chamber. The Presiding Officer acts as convener of the committee in such circumstances. [53]
Stage 3 is the final stage of the bill and is considered at a meeting of the whole Parliament. This stage comprises two parts - consideration of amendments to the bill as a general debate, and a final vote on the bill. Opposition members can table "wrecking amendments" to the bill, designed to thwart further progress and take up parliamentary time, in order to cause the bill to fall without a final vote being taken. [54] After a general debate on the final form of the bill, members proceed to vote at Decision Time on whether they agree to the general principles of the final bill. [53]
Royal Assent: After the bill has been passed, the Presiding Officer submits it to Her Majesty for Royal Assent and it becomes an Act of the Scottish Parliament. "Acts of the Scottish Parliament" redirects here For pre-Union acts see List of Acts of the Scottish Parliament to 1707. However he cannot do so until a 4-week period has elapsed, during which the Law Officers of the Scottish Government or UK Government can refer the bill to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council for a ruling on whether it is within the powers of the Parliament. Her Majesty's Government, or when the monarch is male His Majesty's Government, is the title used by the Government of the United Kingdom, based at The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council is one of the highest courts in the United Kingdom, established by the Judicial Committee Act 1833 [55] Acts of the Scottish Parliament do not begin with a conventional enacting formula. An enacting formula, or enacting clause, is a short phrase that introduces the main provisions of a Law enacted by some Legislatures It usually Instead they begin with a phrase that reads: "The Bill for this Act of the Scottish Parliament was passed by the Parliament on [Date] and received Royal Assent on [Date]".
Scrutiny of government
The party or parties that hold the majority of seats in the Parliament forms the Scottish Government. In contrast to many other parliamentary systems, Parliament elects a First Minister from a number of candidates at the beginning of each parliamentary term (after a general election). The First Minister of Scotland (Prìomh Mhinistear na h-Alba First Meinister o Scotland is the head of the devolved Scottish Scotland has elections to several bodies the Scottish Parliament, the United Kingdom Parliament, the European Parliament, local councils and Community [56] Any member can put their name forward to be First Minister, and a vote is taken by all members of Parliament. Normally the leader of the largest party is returned as First Minister, and head of the Scottish Government. [56] Theoretically Parliament also elects the Scottish Ministers who form the government of Scotland and sit in the Scottish cabinet, but such ministers are, in practice, appointed to their roles by the First Minister. [57] Junior ministers, who do not attend cabinet, are also appointed to assist Scottish ministers in their departments. Most ministers and their juniors are drawn from amongst the elected MSPs, with the exception of Scotland's Chief Law Officers: the Lord Advocate and the Solicitor General. [29] Whilst the First Minister chooses the ministers, and may decide to remove them at any time; the formal appointment or dismissal, however, is made by the Sovereign. [57]
Under the Scotland Act 1998, ordinary general elections for the Scottish Parliament are held on the first Thursday in May every four years (1999, 2003, 2007 and so on). The Scottish Parliament election 1999 was the first General election of the Scottish Parliament, with voting taking place on May 6, 1999. The Scottish Parliament election 2003, was the second General election of the Scottish Parliament. The 2007 Scottish Parliament election was held on Thursday 3 May 2007 to elect members to the Scottish Parliament [58] The date of the poll may be varied by up to one month either way by the Queen on the proposal of the Presiding Officer. [58] If the Parliament itself resolves that it should be dissolved (with at least two-thirds of the Members voting in favour), or if the Parliament fails to nominate one of its members to be First Minister within 28 days of a General Election or of the position becoming vacant,[59] the Presiding Officer proposes a date for an extraordinary general election and the Parliament is dissolved by the Queen by royal proclamation. A proclamation (Lat proclamare, to make public by announcement is an official declaration Extraordinary general elections are in addition to ordinary general elections, unless held less than six months before the due date of an ordinary general election, in which case they supplant it. The following ordinary election reverts to the first Thursday in May, a multiple of four years after 1999 (i. e. , 5 May 2011, 7 May 2015, etc). [60]
Several procedures enable the Scottish Parliament to scrutinise the government. The First Minister or members of his cabinet can deliver statements to Parliament upon which MSPs are invited to question them. For example, at the beginning of each parliamentary year, the First Minister delivers a statement to the chamber setting out the government's legislative programme for the forthcoming year. [61] After the statement has been delivered, the leaders of the opposition parties and other MSPs question the First Minister on issues related to the substance of the statement. [62]
Parliamentary time is also set aside for question periods in the debating chamber. A "General Question Time" takes place on a Thursday between 11. 30am and 12pm where members can direct questions to any member of the Scottish Government. [29] At 2. 30pm, a 40-minute long themed "Question Time" takes place, where members can ask questions of ministers in departments that are selected for questioning that sitting day, such as health and justice or education and transport. [29] Between 12pm and 12. 30pm on Thursdays, when Parliament is sitting, First Minister's Question Time takes place. First Minister's Questions is the name given to the weekly questioning of the leaders of devolved administrations in the United Kingdom [29] This gives members an opportunity to question the First Minister directly on issues under his jurisdiction. Opposition leaders ask a general question of the First Minister and then supplementary questions. Such a practice enables a "lead-in" to the questioner, who then uses their supplementary question to ask the First Minister any issue. The four general questions available to opposition leaders are:
- To ask the First Minister what engagements he has planned for the rest of the day?
- To ask the First Minister when he next plans to meet the Prime Minister and what issues they intend to discuss?;
- To ask the First Minister when he next plans to meet the Secretary of State for Scotland and what issues they intend to discuss? and
- To ask the First Minister what issues he intends to discuss at the next meeting of the Scottish Government's cabinet?. The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the political leader of the United Kingdom The Secretary of State for Scotland ( Scottish Gaelic: Rùnaire Stàite na h-Alba) is the principal minister of Her Majesty's Government in the
Members who wish to ask general or themed questions, or questions of the First Minister, must lodge their questions with parliamentary clerks beforehand and questioners are then selected by the Presiding Officer. Written questions can also be submitted by members to ministers, for answer. Written questions and answers are published in the Official Report. [29]
Members, constituencies and voting systems
Elections for the Scottish Parliament were amongst the first in the United Kingdom to use a mixed member proportional representation (MMS) system. Mixed member proportional representation, also termed mixed-member proportional voting and commonly abbreviated to MMP, is an ' additional member ' [63] The system is a form of the additional member method of proportional representation (PR), and is better known as such in the United Kingdom. The Additional Member System (AMS is a branch of Voting systems in which some representatives are elected from geographic constituencies and others are elected under Proportional representation (sometimes referred to as full representation or PR is a category of electoral formula aiming at a close match between the percentage of votes However, there are additional member systems, elsewhere in the world, which are not designed to produce proportional representation.
Of the 129 MSPs, 73 are elected to represent first past the post constituencies and are known as "Constituency MSPs". The plurality voting system is a Single-winner voting system often used to elect executive officers or to elect members of a legislative assembly which is based on single-member The Scottish Parliament ( Holyrood) has 73 constituencies, each electing one Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP by the Plurality ( First [6] Voters choose one member to represent the constituency, and the member with most votes is returned as a constituency MSP. The 73 Scottish Parliament constituencies shared the same boundaries as the UK Parliament constituencies in Scotland, prior to the 2005 reduction in the number of Scottish MPs, with the exception of Orkney and Shetland which each return their own constituency MSP. In the United Kingdom (UK, each of the electoral areas or divisions called constituencies elects one or more members to a parliament or assembly Orkney (also known as the Orkney Islands or incorrectly the Orkneys) is an Archipelago in northern Scotland, situated 10 miles (16 km north Shetland (formerly spelled Zetland, from etland; Old Norse non Hjaltland; Sealtainn is an Archipelago off the northeast coast of Currently, the average Scottish Parliament constituency comprises 55,000 electors. [64] Given the geographical distribution of population in Scotland, this results in constituencies of a smaller area in the Central Lowlands, where the bulk of Scotland's population live, and much larger constituency areas in the north and west of the country, which have a low population density. Scotland covers an area of 78782 km² or 30341 mi², giving it a Population density of. The Central Lowlands or Midland Valley is a geologically defined area of relatively low-lying land in southern Scotland. The island archipelagos of Orkney, Shetland and the Western Isles comprise a much smaller number of electors, due to their disparate population and distance from the Scottish Parliament in Edinburgh. The Western Isles is a constituency of the Scottish Parliament ( Holyrood) [64] If a Constituency MSP resigns from Parliament, this triggers a by-election in his or her constituency, where a replacement MSP is returned from one of the parties by the plurality system. A by-election or bye-election (called special election in the United States) is an Election held to fill a political office that has become vacant [63]
The remaining 56 MSPs are elected by the additional member system. In each Scottish Parliament election, electors have a second vote, where they vote for a party instead of a constituency representative. These 56 are elected in eight different electoral regions, of which constituencies are sub-divisions. The Scottish Parliament ( Holyrood) has 73 constituencies, each electing one Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP by the Plurality ( First [65] Each region returns seven additional member MSPs. The eight regions are: Highlands and Islands; North East Scotland; Mid Scotland and Fife; West of Scotland; Glasgow; Central Scotland; South of Scotland; and Lothians. Constituencies and council areas The constituencies were created in 1999 with the names and boundaries of Westminster constituencies as existing in at that time Constituencies and local government areas In terms of first past the post constituencies the region covers Election results 2007 Scottish Parliament Constituencies and council areas The constituencies were created in 1999 with the names and boundaries of Westminster constituencies as existing in at that time Constituencies and local government areas In terms of first past the post constituencies the region covers Election results 2007 Scottish Parliament Constituencies and council areas In terms of first past the post constituencies the region includes Election results 2007 Scottish Parliament election Constituencies and council areas The constituencies were created in 1999 with the names and boundaries of Westminster constituencies as existing in at that time Constituencies and council areas The constituencies were created in 1999 with the names and boundaries of Westminster constituencies as existing in at that time Constituencies and council areas The City of Edinburgh and the West Lothian council areas are entirely within the region Each political party draws up a list of candidates standing in each electoral region. [66] The total number of seats in the Parliament are allocated to parties proportionally to the number of votes the party received in the second vote of the ballot, calculated by dividing the number of "list" votes cast for a party by the a number calculated from the number of constituency seats won in that region, plus the number of already-allocated "list" seats won in that region, plus one (to prevent division by zero), and the party with the largest number of votes remaining is allocated the first "list" seat. In This is repeated iteratively until all available "list" seats are allocated. In Mathematics, iterated functions are the objects of deep study in Computer science, Fractals and Dynamical systems An iterated function is [66] The number of seats remaining allocated to that party are filled using members from the party's list. [66] These members are called "List MSPs". If a List MSP resigns from the Scottish Parliament, he or she is replaced by the next member on the party list. [67]
As in the House of Commons, a number of qualifications apply to being an MSP. Such qualifications were introduced under the House of Commons Disqualification Act 1975 and the British Nationality Act 1981. The House of Commons Disqualification Act 1975 is an Act of the United Kingdom Parliament that prohibits certain groups of people from becoming members The British Nationality Act 1981 was an Act of Parliament passed by the British Parliament concerning British Nationality. Specifically, members must be over the age of 18[68] and must be a citizen of the United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland, one of the countries in the Commonwealth of Nations or a citizen of a British overseas territory. British nationality law is the law of the United Kingdom concerning Citizenship and other categories of British Nationality. Ireland ( Irish: Éire, ˈeːrʲə is a country in north-western Europe. The British Overseas Territories are fourteen territories that are under the Sovereignty of the United Kingdom, but which do not form part of the United Kingdom [69] Members of the police and the armed forces are disqualified from sitting in the Scottish Parliament as elected MSPs, and similarly, civil servants and members of foreign legislatures are disqualified. [69] An individual may not sit in the Scottish Parliament if they are judged to be insane under the terms of the Mental Health Act 1983; if they are subject to a Bankruptcy Restriction Order (in England and Wales only) or if his or her estate is sequestered (in Scotland). The Mental Health Act 1983 (1983 c 20 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom but applies only to people in England and Wales. There is no single law on bankruptcy in the United Kingdom with there being one system for England and Wales, one for Northern Ireland and one for Scotland England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland The term sequestration can have different meanings according to the context [69]
Elections
There have been three elections to the Parliament, in 1999, 2003 and 2007. The Scottish Parliament election 1999 was the first General election of the Scottish Parliament, with voting taking place on May 6, 1999. The Scottish Parliament election 2003, was the second General election of the Scottish Parliament. The 2007 Scottish Parliament election was held on Thursday 3 May 2007 to elect members to the Scottish Parliament
The next election is due to be held on May 5, 2011, unless more than two thirds of elected MSPs vote for a dissolution of Parliament, resulting in fresh elections, before that time. Events 553 - The Second Council of Constantinople begins 1215 - Rebel Barons renounce their allegiance to King John 2011 ( MMXI) will be a Common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. [60] Citizens of other EU member states who are domiciled in Scotland are entitled to vote in Scottish Parliament elections. A Member State of the European Union is any one of the twenty-seven sovereign Nation states that have acceded the European Union (EU since its De facto In Conflict of Laws, domicile (sometimes termed domicil in the U However, overseas electors on Scottish electoral registers are not allowed to vote in Scottish Parliament elections. The electoral roll (or electoral register) is a listing of all those registered to vote in a particular area
Results in 2007
| Parties | Additional member system | Total seats | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Constituency | Region | |||||||||||||||
| Votes | % | +/− | Seats | +/− | Votes | % | +/− | Seats | +/− | Total | +/− | % | ||||
| Scottish National Party | 664,227 | 32. The 2007 Scottish Parliament election was held on Thursday 3 May 2007 to elect members to the Scottish Parliament Mixed member proportional representation, also termed mixed-member proportional voting and commonly abbreviated to MMP, is an ' additional member ' The Scottish National Party (SNP (Pàrtaidh Nàiseanta na h-Alba Scottis Naitional Pairtie is a Centre-left political party which campaigns for Scottish 9 | +9. 1 | 21 | +12 | 633,401 | 31. 0 | +10. 2 | 26 | +8 | 47 | +20 | 37. 0 | |||
| Labour | 648,374 | 32. Scottish Labour (often but inaccurately described at the "Scottish Labour Party" is that part of the (British Labour Party which operates in Scotland 2 | -2. 5 | 37 | −9 | 595,415 | 29. 2 | -0. 1 | 9 | +5 | 46 | −4 | 36. 2 | |||
| Conservative | 334,743 | 16. The Scottish Conservative & Unionist Party (informally the Scottish Conservative Party and often referred to as the Scottish Tories) is the part of 6 | 0 | 4 | +1 | 284,005 | 13. 9 | -1. 6 | 13 | −2 | 17 | −1 | 13. 4 | |||
| Liberal Democrats | 326,232 | 16. The Scottish Liberal Democrats are one of the three state parties within the federal structure of the British Liberal Democrats; the others being the English 2 | +0. 9 | 11 | −2 | 230,671 | 11. 3 | -0. 5 | 5 | +1 | 16 | −1 | 12. 6 | |||
| Scottish Green | 2,971 | 0. The Scottish Green Party (Pàrtaidh Uaine na h-Alba is the Green party of Scotland. 2 | +0. 2 | 0 | - | 82,584 | 4. 0 | -2. 8 | 2 | −5 | 2 | −5 | 1. 6 | |||
| Scottish Senior Citizens | 1,702 | 0. The Scottish Senior Citizens Unity Party ( SSCUP) was formed on 3 February 2003, in time to contest that year's elections to the Scottish Parliament 1 | +0 | 0 | - | 38,743 | 1. 9 | +0. 4 | 0 | −1 | 0 | −1 | 0 | |||
| Solidarity | - | - | - | - | - | 31,066 | 1. Solidarity (full name Solidarity – Scotland's Socialist Movement) is a political party in Scotland, launched on September 3, 2006 5 | +1. 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Scottish Christian | 4,586 | 0. 2 | +0. 2 | 0 | 0 | 26,575 | 1. 3 | +1. 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| British National Party | - | - | - | - | - | 24,616 | 1. The British National Party (BNP is a Far-right and whites only political party in the United Kingdom. 2 | +1. 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Christian Peoples | - | - | - | - | - | 14,745 | 0. The Christian Peoples Alliance is a political party operating in the United Kingdom, linked to other Christian parties around the globe 7 | +0. 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Socialist Labour | - | - | - | - | - | 14,244 | 0. This article is about the Socialist Labour Party founded by Arthur Scargill in 1996 7 | -0. 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Scottish Socialist | 525 | 0. This article deals with the Scottish Socialist Party that was formed in 1998 and is still active today 0 | -6. 2 | 0 | - | 12,731 | 0. 6 | -6. 1 | 0 | −6 | 0 | −6 | 0 | |||
| UK Independence | - | - | - | - | - | 8,197 | 0. The United Kingdom Independence Party (commonly known as UKIP, ˈjuːkɪp 4 | −0. 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Others | 33,618 | 1. 7 | -1. 2 | 0 | −2 | 45,116 | 2. 2 | -0. 7 | 1 | 1 | 1 | −2 | 0. 8 | |||
| Total | 2,016,978[70] | 100 | +2. 5 | 73 | 2,042,089 | 100 | 56 | 129 | 100. 0 | |||||||
Overall turnout - 51. 8%[70]
Composition
█ Scottish National Party (47)
█ Scottish Labour Party (46)
█ Scottish Conservative Party (16)1
█ Scottish Liberal Democrats (16)
█ Scottish Green Party (2)
█ Independent (1)
1 Was 17, but the Presiding Officer, currently Alex Fergusson, elected as a Conservative, voluntarily accepted suspension from his party. The Scottish National Party (SNP (Pàrtaidh Nàiseanta na h-Alba Scottis Naitional Pairtie is a Centre-left political party which campaigns for Scottish Scottish Labour (often but inaccurately described at the "Scottish Labour Party" is that part of the (British Labour Party which operates in Scotland The Scottish Conservative & Unionist Party (informally the Scottish Conservative Party and often referred to as the Scottish Tories) is the part of The Scottish Liberal Democrats are one of the three state parties within the federal structure of the British Liberal Democrats; the others being the English The Scottish Green Party (Pàrtaidh Uaine na h-Alba is the Green party of Scotland. In Politics, an independent is a Politician who is not Affiliated with any Political party. Alex Fergusson (born 8 April 1949 Leswalt, Wigtownshire) is a Conservative politician and Presiding Officer of the Scottish Parliament.
The Election of May 2007, resulted in the Scottish National Party (SNP) winning 47 seats, an increase of 20 seats from the 2003 Scottish Parliament election. Composition of the Parliament Graphical representation This is a graphical comparison of party strengths in the 3rd session of the Scottish Parliament as of The Scottish National Party (SNP (Pàrtaidh Nàiseanta na h-Alba Scottis Naitional Pairtie is a Centre-left political party which campaigns for Scottish The Scottish Parliament election 2003, was the second General election of the Scottish Parliament. [71] The Scottish Labour Party gained 46 seats, a reduction of 4 seats from 2003. Scottish Labour (often but inaccurately described at the "Scottish Labour Party" is that part of the (British Labour Party which operates in Scotland [71] The Scottish Conservatives and Scottish Liberal Democrats gained 17 and 16 seats respectively, a reduction of 1 each. The Scottish Conservative & Unionist Party (informally the Scottish Conservative Party and often referred to as the Scottish Tories) is the part of The Scottish Liberal Democrats are one of the three state parties within the federal structure of the British Liberal Democrats; the others being the English [71] In terms of the minor parties, the Scottish Green Party was returned with 2 seats, a reduction of 5 from the 2003 election and Margo MacDonald, the independent List MSP for the Lothians, also retained her seat. The Scottish Green Party (Pàrtaidh Uaine na h-Alba is the Green party of Scotland. Margo MacDonald MSP (born 19 April, 1943) is a Scottish politician a Member of the Scottish Parliament and a former Member of the Constituencies and council areas The City of Edinburgh and the West Lothian council areas are entirely within the region [71]
Parties which were represented in the 2003–2007 Parliament, such as the Scottish Socialist Party, Scottish Senior Citizens Unity Party and Solidarity lost their seats, as did the independents Campbell Martin and Dr Jean Turner. Composition of the Parliament Graphical representation This is a graphical comparison of party strengths in the 2nd session of the Scottish Parliament at the time This article deals with the Scottish Socialist Party that was formed in 1998 and is still active today The Scottish Senior Citizens Unity Party ( SSCUP) was formed on 3 February 2003, in time to contest that year's elections to the Scottish Parliament Solidarity (full name Solidarity – Scotland's Socialist Movement) is a political party in Scotland, launched on September 3, 2006 Campbell Martin, born 10 March 1960 is a Scottish politician A member of the Scottish National Party (SNP he was elected to the Scottish Dr Jean McGivern Turner (born December 23, 1939 in Glasgow) is a former Independent Member of the Scottish Parliament for [72] The Independent MSPs, Brian Monteith and Dennis Canavan, both retired prior to the election. Brian Monteith, born on 8 January 1958 is a Scottish Politician, who was a Member of the Scottish Parliament from 1999 until 2007 Dennis Canavan (born 8 August, 1942, Cowdenbeath) is a Scottish politician and was an Independent Member of the Scottish [73]
The Conservatives were returned with 17 seats after the election, but the Conservative MSP Alex Fergusson, member for the constituency of Galloway and Upper Nithsdale, was voted in as Presiding Officer on May 14, 2007. Alex Fergusson (born 8 April 1949 Leswalt, Wigtownshire) is a Conservative politician and Presiding Officer of the Scottish Parliament. Galloway and Upper Nithsdale is a constituency of the Scottish Parliament ( Holyrood) The Presiding Officer of the Scottish Parliament (Oifigear-Riaghlaidh Preses o the Scots Pairlament is the speaker of the Scottish Parliament, elected by the Events 1264 - Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured in France making Simon de Montfort the Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. [74] Given the strict political impartiality required for the role, the Presiding Officer accepts voluntary suspension from his or her party for the duration of their period in office. [75] This led to the Conservative representation in Parliament being reduced to 16 members.
As a result of the proportional representation system used to elect Members, no one party gained an overall majority of seats in the Parliament. The SNP emerged as the largest party in the Parliament, one seat ahead of Labour, but were unable to negotiate a coalition deal with any other of the parties and consequently govern as a minority administration, with support from the 2 members of the Scottish Green Party. A coalition is an alliance among individuals during which they cooperate in joint action, each in their own Self-interest. A minority government or a minority cabinet is a Cabinet of a Parliamentary system formed when the governing Political party or [76] The leader of the SNP, Alex Salmond was elected First Minister of Scotland, in a vote in the Scottish Parliament on May 16, 2007 by 49 votes to 46 (the Liberal Democrats, Conservatives and Margo MacDonald abstaining in that vote). Alexander Elliot Anderson "Alex" Salmond, (ˈsamənd is the First Minister of Scotland, heading a minority Scottish Government. The First Minister of Scotland (Prìomh Mhinistear na h-Alba First Meinister o Scotland is the head of the devolved Scottish Events 1204 - Baldwin IX Count of Flanders is crowned as the first Emperor of the Latin Empire. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. [77]
Criticism
The death, in office, of Donald Dewar, Scotland's first First Minister, and the resignation, brought on by an office expenses scandal, of his successor Henry McLeish,[78] generated controversy in the first years of the Parliament. Donald Campbell Dewar (21 August 1937 &ndash 11 October 2000 was the first First Minister of Scotland from 1999 until his death in 2000 The Officegate Scandal was a controversy surrounding then Scottish First Minister Henry McLeish in 2001. The Right Honourable Henry McLeish (b June 15 1948, Methil, Fife, Scotland) is a Scottish politician author and [79]
Arguments that it will lead to Scottish independence
Popular arguments against the Parliament before the UK general election of 1997, levelled by the Conservative Party, were that the Parliament would create a "slippery slope" to Scottish independence, and provide the pro-independence Scottish National Party with a route to power. Results The election was fought under new boundaries with a net increase of eight seats compared to the 1992 election [12] John Major, the Tory prime minister before May 1997, famously claimed the Parliament would end "1000 years of British history",[80] although the Acts of Union uniting the two countries were still less than 300 years old at the time. Sir John Major KG CH ACIB (born 29 March 1943 is a British Politician who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom The history of the United Kingdom — British history — as an unified Sovereign state begins with the legistlative union between the kingdoms of England The Acts of Union were a pair of Parliamentary Acts passed during 1706 and 1707 by the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland to put into The equally pro-Union Labour Party met these criticisms by claiming that devolution would fatally undermine the SNP,[81] and remedy the long-felt desire of Scots for a measure of self-government. Unionism in Scotland is the belief in that Scotland should remain in the United Kingdom in its present structure as a union between its main Constituent countries Self-governance is an abstract concept that refers to several scales of Organization. [82]
English concerns
A further procedural consequence created by the establishment of the Scottish Parliament is that Scottish MPs sitting in the British House of Commons are still able to vote on domestic legislation that applies only to England, Wales and Northern Ireland - whilst English, Scottish, Welsh and Northern Irish Westminster MPs are unable to vote on the domestic legislation of the Scottish Parliament. The House of Commons' is the Lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which also comprises the Sovereign and the House of Lords This anomaly is known as the West Lothian Question and has led to criticism. The West Lothian Question was first posed on 14 November 1977 by Tam Dalyell, Labour Member of Parliament (MP for the Scottish constituency [83]
Costs
The escalating costs of the construction of the new Parliament building led to widespread criticism. [79] Miralles' new Scottish Parliament building opened for business on the 7 September 2004, three years late. Events 1251 BC - A Solar eclipse on this date might mark the birth of legendary Heracles at Thebes Greece. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " [82] The estimated final cost was £431 million. The Pound Sterling ( symbol £; ISO code: GBP) subdivided into 100 pence (singular penny) is the Currency The White Paper in 1997 estimated that a new building would have a net construction cost of £40 million,[82] although this was based on the presumption that the old Royal High School would be used, as had long been assumed. The Royal High School (RHS of Edinburgh can trace its roots back to 1128 and is one of the oldest schools in Scotland. After the devolution referendum it was quickly announced that the high school, which is smaller than many council chambers, was entirely inadequate for the Parliament, and negotiations began for a new building on a new site. This led critical media and politicians to claim the final building was "ten times over budget". [84] Miralles' building was in fact costed at £109 million, prior to major increases in space. [85]
The cost overruns of the Scottish Parliament Building further dented confidence in public opinion in the ability of the public sector to handle major infrastructure and building projects. The public sector is the part of economic and administrative life that deals with the delivery of goods and services by and for the Government, whether national Regional As a result, the final £431m cost of the Holyrood building can be compared with other cost overruns in projects such as Portcullis House — a new parliamentary office block in Westminster - built for use by 200 MPs, which cost £250 million, including £100 million spent on bronze cladding,[86] £250m for the redevelopment of the German Reichstag,[86] £40m for the development of the Edinburgh International Conference Centre,[86] and £800m for the construction of the Millennium Dome. Portcullis House in Westminster, London, was commissioned in 1992 to provide offices for Members of Parliament and their staff augmenting limited The Reichstag building in Berlin was constructed to house the Reichstag, the first Parliament of the German Empire. The Edinburgh International Conference Centre, or EICC for short is the principal convention and conference centre in Edinburgh, Scotland. The Millennium Dome, often referred to simply as The Dome, is the original name of a large Dome -shaped building originally used to house [86]
Lord Fraser's Inquiry reported on 15 September 2004 and identified the choice of the construction management procurement route as the main factor in the fourfold increase in estimated costs establishing that a £270 million value building ended up costing £431 million, an identifiable waste of £181 million. Peter Lovat Fraser Baron Fraser of Carmyllie, PC, QC (b 29 May 1945) is a Scottish politician and Advocate. Events 668 - Eastern Roman Emperor Constans II is assassinated in his bath at Syracuse Italy. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " [87] This was portrayed as clearing Donald Dewar of any blame. [87] The cost of the building remains more controversial than any of the legislation so far passed by the Parliament. [79]
Notes
- ^ Scottish Parliament Web Site. Scottish Parliament. Retrieved on 2007-02-10. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1355 - The St Scholastica's Day riot breaks out in Oxford, England, leaving 63 scholars and perhaps 30 locals dead
- ^ "Makkin Yer Voice Heard in the Scottish Pairlament”. Scottish Parliament. Retrieved on 2007-02-10. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1355 - The St Scholastica's Day riot breaks out in Oxford, England, leaving 63 scholars and perhaps 30 locals dead
- ^ SPCB Leid Policy. Scottish Parliament. Retrieved on 2007-02-10. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1355 - The St Scholastica's Day riot breaks out in Oxford, England, leaving 63 scholars and perhaps 30 locals dead
- ^ The Scots for Scottish is in fact Scots. Scots ( The Scots leid) refers to Anglic varieties derived from early northern Middle English spoken in parts of Scotland and Northern
- ^ Scottish Parliament Word Bank. Scottish Parliament. Retrieved on 2006-11-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1533 - Conquistadors from Spain under the leadership of Francisco Pizarro arrive in Cajamarca, Inca
- ^ a b Scottish Parliament MSPs. Scottish Parliament. Retrieved on 2006-11-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1533 - Conquistadors from Spain under the leadership of Francisco Pizarro arrive in Cajamarca, Inca
- ^ a b The First Scottish Parliament: the Middle Ages – 1707. Scottish Parliament. Retrieved on 2006-10-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1066 - Norman Conquest: Battle of Hastings - In England on Senlac Hill seven miles from Hastings, the forces
- ^ Scotland Act 1998: Scottish Parliament Reserved Issues. Office of Public Sector Information (OPSI). Retrieved on 2006-11-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1533 - Conquistadors from Spain under the leadership of Francisco Pizarro arrive in Cajamarca, Inca
- ^ Murkens, Jones & Keating (2002) pp11
- ^ Scottish Parliament Official Report - 12 May 1999. Scottish Parliament. Retrieved on 2006-11-05. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1499 - Publication of the Catholicon in Treguier ( Brittany)
- ^ "The Last Parliament of Scotland 1703–1707", BBC, September 1997. Retrieved on 2006-10-15. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 533 - Byzantine General Belisarius makes his formal entry into Carthage, having conquered it from the
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "The Devolution Debate (1997) — This Century", BBC. Retrieved on 2006-10-13. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 54 - Nero ascends to the Roman throne 409 - Vandals and Alans crossed the Pyrenees
- ^ "Papers reveal devolution warnings", BBC, 2005-01-01. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Retrieved on 2006-11-24. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 380 - Theodosius I makes his adventus, or formal
- ^ "The 1979 Referendums", The Holyrood Inquiry, September 1997. Retrieved on 2006-08-21. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1192 - Minamoto Yoritomo becomes Seii Tai Shōgun and the De facto ruler of Japan.
- ^ Peter Fraser (2004-10-15). "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 533 - Byzantine General Belisarius makes his formal entry into Carthage, having conquered it from the Events Prior to 1 May 1997. The Holyrood Inquiry. Retrieved on 2006-11-17. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 284 - Diocletian is proclaimed emperor by his soldiers
- ^ Past Referendums - Scotland 1997. The Electoral Commission. Retrieved on 2006-11-17. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 284 - Diocletian is proclaimed emperor by his soldiers
- ^ Bryn Morgan (1999-10-08). Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) Events 314 - Roman Emperor Licinius is defeated by his colleague Constantine I at the Battle of Cibalae, and loses House of Commons Research Paper - Scottish Parliament Elections: 6 May 1999. House of Commons Library. Retrieved on 2006-11-17. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 284 - Diocletian is proclaimed emperor by his soldiers
- ^ Charles Jencks (January 2005). Identity parade: Miralles and the Scottish parliament: On the architectural territories of the EMBT/RMJM parliament building. Architecture Today no. 154 p. 32–44. Retrieved on 2007-01-07. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1325 - Alfonso IV becomes King of Portugal. 1558 - France takes Calais, the last continental
- ^ Gallery - The Scottish Parliament at Holyrood. The Guardian. Retrieved on 2006-10-25. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1147 - The Portuguese, under Afonso I, and Crusaders from England and Flanders conquer Lisbon after a
- ^ Kirk's home hosts moment of history. BBC (1999-07-01). Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. Retrieved on 2006-11-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1533 - Conquistadors from Spain under the leadership of Francisco Pizarro arrive in Cajamarca, Inca
- ^ Aberdeen successful in bid to host Scottish Parliament in May 2002. University of Aberdeen (2001-09-11). Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Events 9 - The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest ends 506 - The Bishops of Visigothic Gaul Retrieved on 2006-11-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1533 - Conquistadors from Spain under the leadership of Francisco Pizarro arrive in Cajamarca, Inca
- ^ Hamish MacDonell. "Parliament suspended by hanging beam", The Scotsman, 2006-03-03. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1284 - Statute of Rhuddlan incorporated the Principality of Wales into England 1575 - Indian Retrieved on 2006-11-01. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 996 - Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk Bishop of Freising which is the oldest known document using the name Ostarrîchi
- ^ "MSPs face further beam disruption", BBC News, 2006-03-09. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 590 - Bahram Chobin is crowned as king Barham VI of Persia. Retrieved on 2006-10-16. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 456 - Magister militum Ricimer defeats the Emperor Avitus at Piacenza and becomes master of the western
- ^ George Reid elected as Presiding Officer - Trish Godman and Murray Tosh to be Deputy Presiding Officers. Scottish Parliament (2003-05-07). Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 558 - In Constantinople, the dome of the Hagia Sophia collapses Retrieved on 2006-10-13. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 54 - Nero ascends to the Roman throne 409 - Vandals and Alans crossed the Pyrenees
- ^ a b c d e Presiding Officer. Scottish Parliament. Retrieved on 2006-11-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1533 - Conquistadors from Spain under the leadership of Francisco Pizarro arrive in Cajamarca, Inca
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k The Scottish Parliament Debating Chamber. Scottish Parliament. Retrieved on 2006-10-13. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 54 - Nero ascends to the Roman throne 409 - Vandals and Alans crossed the Pyrenees
- ^ About the Parliament - The Scottish Parliamentary Corporate Body. Scottish Parliament. Retrieved on 2006-10-11. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1138 - A massive earthquake struck Aleppo, Syria. 1531 - Huldrych Zwingli is killed
- ^ Parliament Mace to go on display at the Museum of Scotland. Scottish Parliament (1999-07-15). Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) Events 1099 - First Crusade: Christian soldiers take the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem after the final Retrieved on 2006-10-12. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 539 BC - The army of Cyrus the Great of Persia takes Babylon.
- ^ a b c d e f g Issue Briefs - Scottish Parliament guide. Politics. co. uk. Retrieved on 2006-10-16. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 456 - Magister militum Ricimer defeats the Emperor Avitus at Piacenza and becomes master of the western
- ^ Holyrood.tv. BBC News. Scottish Parliament. Retrieved on 2006-10-11. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1138 - A massive earthquake struck Aleppo, Syria. 1531 - Huldrych Zwingli is killed
- ^ Official Report terms of Reference. Parliamentary Business - Official Report. Scottish Parliament (19 May 1999). Events 1535 - French explorer Jacques Cartier sets sail on his second voyage to North America with three ships 110 men and Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) Retrieved on 2006-10-11. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1138 - A massive earthquake struck Aleppo, Syria. 1531 - Huldrych Zwingli is killed
- ^ a b Contributors to Time for Reflection - Session 2. Scottish Parliament. Retrieved on 2006-10-16. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 456 - Magister militum Ricimer defeats the Emperor Avitus at Piacenza and becomes master of the western
- ^ Burrows, N (1999) pp241–260
- ^ Standing Orders: Conduct of Meetings. Scottish Parliament. Retrieved on 2006-10-16. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 456 - Magister militum Ricimer defeats the Emperor Avitus at Piacenza and becomes master of the western
- ^ Scottish Parliament Corporate Body. Scottish Parliament Language Policy. Scottish Parliament (November 2004). Retrieved on 2006-10-11. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1138 - A massive earthquake struck Aleppo, Syria. 1531 - Huldrych Zwingli is killed
- ^ Scottish Parliament Corporate Body work=Scottish Parliament-Parliamentary Business. Scottish Parliament (2000-02-29). 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. Leap years Although the modern calendar counts a year as 365 days a complete revolution around the sun takes approximately 365 days and 6 hours Retrieved on 2006-10-11. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1138 - A massive earthquake struck Aleppo, Syria. 1531 - Huldrych Zwingli is killed
- ^ Evidence from the Minister for Parliamentary Business - Scottish Parliament. Richard Commission (2003-02-12). Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1429 - English Forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the army besieging Orleans from attack by the Retrieved on 2006-11-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1533 - Conquistadors from Spain under the leadership of Francisco Pizarro arrive in Cajamarca, Inca
- ^ a b Kingdom, J (1999) p373
- ^ Kingdom, J (1999) p374
- ^ Kingdom, J (1999) p375
- ^ Dardanelli (2005) p185
- ^ a b c d The Scottish Parliament Committees. Scottish Parliament. Retrieved on 2006-10-13. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 54 - Nero ascends to the Roman throne 409 - Vandals and Alans crossed the Pyrenees
- ^ Finance Committee to meet in Perth. Scottish Parliament Information Centre (SPICe). Retrieved on 2006-11-22. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 498 - Kofi Aseidu- After the death of Anastasius II, Symmachus is elected Pope in the Lateran
- ^ Private Bills. Scottish Parliament Information Centre (SPICe). Retrieved on 2006-11-22. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 498 - Kofi Aseidu- After the death of Anastasius II, Symmachus is elected Pope in the Lateran
- ^ Private Bill Committees. Scottish Parliament Information Centre (SPICe). Retrieved on 2006-11-22. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 498 - Kofi Aseidu- After the death of Anastasius II, Symmachus is elected Pope in the Lateran
- ^ Scotland Act preamble. Office of Public Sector Information (OPSI). Retrieved on 2006-11-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1533 - Conquistadors from Spain under the leadership of Francisco Pizarro arrive in Cajamarca, Inca
- ^ a b Devolution: UK Parliament. Scotland Office. Retrieved on 2006-11-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1533 - Conquistadors from Spain under the leadership of Francisco Pizarro arrive in Cajamarca, Inca
- ^ a b c d e Reserved and devolved matters. Scotland Office. Retrieved on 2006-11-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1533 - Conquistadors from Spain under the leadership of Francisco Pizarro arrive in Cajamarca, Inca
- ^ a b c Devolution to Scotland. BBC. Retrieved on 2006-11-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1533 - Conquistadors from Spain under the leadership of Francisco Pizarro arrive in Cajamarca, Inca
- ^ How the Scottish Parliament will work. Law Society of Scotland. Retrieved on 2006-11-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1533 - Conquistadors from Spain under the leadership of Francisco Pizarro arrive in Cajamarca, Inca
- ^ a b Guidance on Public Bills. Scottish Parliament. Retrieved on 2006-11-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1533 - Conquistadors from Spain under the leadership of Francisco Pizarro arrive in Cajamarca, Inca
- ^ a b c Stages of Bills. Scottish Parliament. Retrieved on 2006-11-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1533 - Conquistadors from Spain under the leadership of Francisco Pizarro arrive in Cajamarca, Inca
- ^ a b Standing Orders of the Scottish Parliament - Public Bills. Scottish Parliament. Retrieved on 2006-11-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1533 - Conquistadors from Spain under the leadership of Francisco Pizarro arrive in Cajamarca, Inca
- ^ "Borders Railway Link Bill passed", BBC, 2006-06-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1276 - While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the Retrieved on 2006-11-22. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 498 - Kofi Aseidu- After the death of Anastasius II, Symmachus is elected Pope in the Lateran
- ^ Devolution, Chapter 4 - The new constitutional arrangements. Scotland Office (July 1997). Retrieved on 2006-11-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1533 - Conquistadors from Spain under the leadership of Francisco Pizarro arrive in Cajamarca, Inca
- ^ a b Making Your Voice Heard. Scottish Parliament. Retrieved on 2007-11-16. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 534 - A second and final revision of the Codex Justinianus is published
- ^ a b A Guide to Other Early Business of the Scottish Parliament, including Selection of a Nominee for Appointment as First Minister. Scottish Parliament. Retrieved on 2006-11-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1533 - Conquistadors from Spain under the leadership of Francisco Pizarro arrive in Cajamarca, Inca
- ^ a b Scotland Act 1998 - Section 2 Ordinary General Elections. Office of Public Sector Information (OPSI). Retrieved on 2006-11-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1533 - Conquistadors from Spain under the leadership of Francisco Pizarro arrive in Cajamarca, Inca
- ^ "Scotland Act 1998 - Section 46 Choice of the First Minister. Office of Public Sector Information (OPSI). Retrieved on 2007-05-10. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1291 - Scottish Nobles recognize the authority of Edward I of England.
- ^ a b Scotland Act 1998 - Section 3 Extraordinary General Elections. Office of Public Sector Information (OPSI). Retrieved on 2006-11-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1533 - Conquistadors from Spain under the leadership of Francisco Pizarro arrive in Cajamarca, Inca
- ^ Jack McConnell. Statement by First Minister on the government's Legislative Programme. Scottish Government. Retrieved on 2006-11-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1533 - Conquistadors from Spain under the leadership of Francisco Pizarro arrive in Cajamarca, Inca
- ^ Debate on Scottish Government's Programme. Scottish Parliament Official Report, September 6 2005. Retrieved on 2006-11-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1533 - Conquistadors from Spain under the leadership of Francisco Pizarro arrive in Cajamarca, Inca
- ^ a b Scottish Parliament and Scottish Executive. Scotland Office. Retrieved on 2006-11-08. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1519 - Hernán Cortés enters Tenochtitlán and Aztec ruler Moctezuma welcomes him with great a Celebration
- ^ a b Close of Consultation on Scottish Parliament size. Scotland Office (2002-04-02). See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 68 - Galba, Governor of Hispania, names himself legatus senatus populique Romani, breaking the line of Retrieved on 2006-10-17. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 539 BC - King Cyrus The Great of Persia marches into the city of Babylon, releasing the Jews from almost
- ^ MSPs. Scottish Parliament. Retrieved on 2006-10-17. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 539 BC - King Cyrus The Great of Persia marches into the city of Babylon, releasing the Jews from almost
- ^ a b c Electoral System - How it works. BBC (2003-04-02). Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 68 - Galba, Governor of Hispania, names himself legatus senatus populique Romani, breaking the line of Retrieved on 2006-10-22. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 202 BC - Hannibal Barca, leader of the Carthaginians, is defeated by the Roman legions under Scipio Africanus
- ^ Labour loses out in key Marginals. BBC (2005-05-06). Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1527 - Spanish and German troops sack Rome; some consider this the end of the Renaissance. Retrieved on 2006-11-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1533 - Conquistadors from Spain under the leadership of Francisco Pizarro arrive in Cajamarca, Inca
- ^ Electoral Administration Act 2006. Department for Constitutional Affairs (DCA). Retrieved on 2007-02-06. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio The Electoral Administration Act 2006, reduced the age of candidacy in the United Kingdom from 21 to 18.
- ^ a b c Scotland Act 1998, Section 15, Disqualification from membership of Parliament. Office of Public Sector Information (OPSI). Retrieved on 2006-11-01. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 996 - Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk Bishop of Freising which is the oldest known document using the name Ostarrîchi
- ^ a b Scottish Parliament Elections. BBC (2007-04-05). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 456 - St Patrick returns to Ireland as a missionary bishop Retrieved on 2006-11-01. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 996 - Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk Bishop of Freising which is the oldest known document using the name Ostarrîchi
- ^ a b c d Holyrood Results. The Herald (2007-05-04). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1256 - The Augustinian monastic order is constituted at the Lecceto Monastery when Pope Alexander IV Retrieved on 2007-07-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1132 - Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily.
- ^ Timeline: Scottish elections 2007. BBC (2007-05-04). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1256 - The Augustinian monastic order is constituted at the Lecceto Monastery when Pope Alexander IV Retrieved on 2007-07-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1132 - Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily.
- ^ Murdo Macleod (2007-04-01). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 527 - Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne Say hello and wave goodbye to Holyrood. Scotland on Sunday. Retrieved on 2007-07-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1132 - Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily.
- ^ Election of First Minister. Scottish Parliament (2007-05-14). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1264 - Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured in France making Simon de Montfort the Retrieved on 2007-07-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1132 - Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily.
- ^ MSPs, MPs and MEPs Session 3. Scottish Parliament Information Centre (SPICe) (2007-05-23). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1430 - Siege of Compiègne: Joan of Arc is captured by the Burgundians while leading an army to relieve Compiègne Retrieved on 2007-07-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1132 - Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily.
- ^ Scottish National Party and Scottish Green Party Co-operation agreement. BBC (2007-05-11). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 330 - Byzantium is renamed ''Nova Roma'' during a dedication ceremony but is more popularly referred to as Constantinople Retrieved on 2007-07-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1132 - Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily.
- ^ Election of First Minister. Scottish Parliament (2007-05-16). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1204 - Baldwin IX Count of Flanders is crowned as the first Emperor of the Latin Empire. Retrieved on 2007-07-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1132 - Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily.
- ^ Text of Henry McLeish's resignation speech to the Scottish Parliament. The Guardian. Retrieved on 2006-11-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1533 - Conquistadors from Spain under the leadership of Francisco Pizarro arrive in Cajamarca, Inca
- ^ a b c David McCrone (2003-04-08). Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 217 - Roman Emperor Caracalla is Assassinated (and succeeded by his Praetorian Peeblin' Wi' Stanes: Assessing the Scottish Parliament, 1999–2003. Institute of Governance. Retrieved on 2006-10-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1066 - Norman Conquest: Battle of Hastings - In England on Senlac Hill seven miles from Hastings, the forces
- ^ Politics 97. BBC (September 1997). Retrieved on 2006-10-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1066 - Norman Conquest: Battle of Hastings - In England on Senlac Hill seven miles from Hastings, the forces
- ^ Kirsty Scott, Gerald Seenan. "SNP Revival put on hold", The Guardian, 2001-06-09. Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Events 53 - Roman Emperor Nero marries Claudia Octavia 62 - Claudia Octavia commits Retrieved on 2006-10-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1066 - Norman Conquest: Battle of Hastings - In England on Senlac Hill seven miles from Hastings, the forces
- ^ a b c Scottish Office — Scotland's Parliament White Paper 1997. The Scottish Office (July 1997). Retrieved on 2006-10-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1066 - Norman Conquest: Battle of Hastings - In England on Senlac Hill seven miles from Hastings, the forces
- ^ Oonagh Gay. "The West Lothian Question", House of Commons Research Paper, 2007-06-26. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian is killed during the retreat from the Sassanid Empire. Retrieved on 2007-02-09. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 474 - Zeno crowned as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire.
- ^ "RIBA Stirling Prize, 2005 Scottish Parliament", Channel 4. Retrieved on 2006-10-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1066 - Norman Conquest: Battle of Hastings - In England on Senlac Hill seven miles from Hastings, the forces
- ^ Sir David Steel (2002-01-18). See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 350 - Generallus Magnentius deposes Roman Emperor Constans and proclaims himself Emperor Holyrood. Holyrood Magazine. The Scottish Parliament. Retrieved on 2006-10-17. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 539 BC - King Cyrus The Great of Persia marches into the city of Babylon, releasing the Jews from almost
- ^ a b c d Scottish Parliament Information Centre (1999-06-15). Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) Events 763 BC - Assyrians record a Solar eclipse that will be used to fix the Chronology of Mesopotamian history The Holyrood Building Project, June 1999. The Scottish Parliament. Retrieved on 2006-10-17. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 539 BC - King Cyrus The Great of Persia marches into the city of Babylon, releasing the Jews from almost
- ^ a b Peter Fraser (2004-09-15). "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 668 - Eastern Roman Emperor Constans II is assassinated in his bath at Syracuse Italy. Holyrood Project Inquiry Final Report. The Scottish Parliament. Retrieved on 2006-10-17. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 539 BC - King Cyrus The Great of Persia marches into the city of Babylon, releasing the Jews from almost
References
- Balfour, A & McCrone, G (2005): "Creating a Scottish Parliament", StudioLR, ISBN 0-9550016-0-9
- Burrows, N (1999): "Unfinished Business - The Scotland Act 1998", Modern Law Review, Vol. 62, No. 2 (March 1999), pp. 241–260
- Centre for Scottish Public Policy (1999): "A Guide to the Scottish Parliament: The Shape of Things to Come", The Stationery Office Books", ISBN 0-11-497231-1
- Dardanelli, P (2005): "Between Two Unions: Europeanisation and Scottish Devolution", Manchester University Press, ISBN 0-7190-7080-5
- Kingdom, J (1999): "Government and Politics in Britain, An Introduction", Polity, ISBN 0-7456-1720-4
- MacLean, B (2005): "Getting It Together: Scottish Parliament", Luath Press Ltd, ISBN 1-905222-02-5
- McFadden, J & Lazarowicz, M (2003): "The Scottish Parliament: An Introduction", LexisNexis UK, ISBN 0-406-96957-4
- Murkens, E; Jones, P & Keating, M (2002): "Scottish Independence: A Practical Guide", Edinburgh University Press, ISBN 0-7748-1699-3
- Taylor, Brian (1999): "The Scottish Parliament", Polygon, Edinburgh, ISBN 1-9029-3012-6
- Taylor, Brian (2002): "The Scottish Parliament: The Road to Devolution", Edinburgh University Press, ISBN 0-7486-1759-0
- Young, John R. (1996): "The Scottish Parliament, 1639–1661: A Political and Constitutional," Edinburgh: John Donald Publishers ISBN 0-8597-6412-5
See also
- Politics of Scotland
- List of Acts of the Scottish Parliament from 1999
- Members of the 1st Scottish Parliament
- Members of the 2nd Scottish Parliament
- Members of the 3rd Scottish Parliament
- Scottish Churches Parliamentary Office
- Legislative Consent Motion
- West Lothian question
- Scottish Parliament Business Exchange
- Futures Forum
External links
- Official website
- (Scottish Gaelic) Official website
- (Scots) Official website
- Scotland Act 1998
- The Scottish Parliament Project, University of St Andrews
- Holyrood Inquiry homepage
- BBC News explanation of the powers of the Scottish Parliament
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic