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Scottish Borders
Location
Image:ScotlandBorders.png
Geography
Area Ranked 6th
 - Total 4,732 km²
 - % Water  ?
Admin HQ Newtown St. Boswells
ISO 3166-2 GB-SCB
ONS code 00QE
Demographics
Population Ranked 18th
 - Total (2006

)

110,200
 - Density

23 /km² (60 /sq mi)
Politics
Scottish Borders Council
http://www.scotborders.gov.uk/
Control Conservative/Independent/Liberal Democrat)
MPs
MSPs

The Scottish Borders, often referred to simply as the Borders, is one of 32 local government council areas of Scotland. Geology and geomorphology See also Geology of Scotland The land area of Scotland is 78 772 km² (30414 square miles roughly 30% of the area of This is a list of Council areas of Scotland ordered by area. See also List of Scottish council areas by population (2004 To help compare different Orders of magnitude and geographical regions we list here areas between 100 km² and 1000 km² Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of Newtown St Boswells is the administrative centre of the Scottish Borders council ISO 3166-2GB is an ISO standard which defines Geocodes it is the subset of ISO 3166-2 which applies to the United Kingdom. The Office for National Statistics coding system is a hierarchical code used in the United Kingdom for tabulating Census and other statistical data Scotland covers an area of 78782 km² or 30341 mi², giving it a Population density of. This is a list of council areas of Scotland ordered by population. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume The Scottish Conservative & Unionist Party (informally the Scottish Conservative Party and often referred to as the Scottish Tories) is the part of In Politics, an independent is a Politician who is not Affiliated with any Political party. The Scottish Liberal Democrats are one of the three state parties within the federal structure of the British Liberal Democrats; the others being the English This is a list of Members of Parliament (MPs elected to the House of Commons by Scottish constituencies for the Fifty-Fourth Parliament of the United Kingdom Michael Kevin Moore (born 3 June 1965) is a politician in the United Kingdom. David Gordon Mundell (born 27 May 1962 in Dumfries) is the Shadow Secretary of State for Scotland and a member of the Shadow Composition of the Parliament Graphical representation This is a graphical comparison of party strengths in the 2nd session of the Scottish Parliament at the time See also John Lamont (astronomer John Lamont (born 15 April 1976 is a Scottish Conservative Party politician Jeremy Purvis (born 15 January 1974) is a Scottish Liberal Democrat politician and has been Member of the Scottish Parliament for Local government in Scotland is organised through 32 unitary authorities consisting of Councillors elected every four years by registered voters in each of the For local government purposes Scotland is divided into 32 areas designated as "council areas" which are all governed by unitary authorities designated as Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. [1] It is bordered by Dumfries and Galloway in the west, South Lanarkshire and West Lothian in the north west, City of Edinburgh, East Lothian, Midlothian to the north; and the non-metropolitan counties of Northumberland and Cumbria in England to the south and east. Dumfries and Galloway ( Gaelic: Dùn Phris agus an Gall-Ghaidhealaibh, d̪̊unˈfɾʲiʃ aɡ̊əs̪ əŋ ɡ̊auɫ̪ɣəɫ̪əv is one of 32 council areas South Lanarkshire ( Siorrachd Lannraig a Deas in Gaelic) is one of 32 unitary council areas of Scotland, covering the southern part of the West Lothian ( Lodainn an Iar in Gaelic) is one of the 32 unitary Council areas in Scotland, and a Lieutenancy area. Edinburgh ( ˈɛdɪnb(ərə Dùn Èideann) is the Capital of Scotland and is its second largest city after Glasgow. East Lothian ( Lodainn an Ear in Gaelic) is one of 32 Unitary council areas in Scotland, and a lieutenancy Area. Midlothian ( Meadhan Lodainn in Gaelic) is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland, and a lieutenancy area. Metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties are one of the four levels of Subdivisions of England used for the purposes of Local government outside Greater London Northumberland is a county in the North East of England. The non-metropolitan county of Northumberland borders Cumbria to the west Boundaries and divisions Cumbria is neighboured by Northumberland, County Durham, North Yorkshire, Lancashire, and the Lieutenancy England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland The administrative centre of the area is Newtown St. Boswells. Newtown St Boswells is the administrative centre of the Scottish Borders council

The area was created in 1975, by merging the former counties of Berwickshire, Peeblesshire, Roxburghshire and Selkirkshire and part of Midlothian, as a two-tier region with the districts of Berwickshire, Ettrick and Lauderdale, Roxburgh, and Tweeddale within it. The counties of Scotland were the principal divisions of Scotland until 1975 Berwickshire or the County of Berwick is a Registration county, a Committee area of the Scottish Borders Council, and a lieutenancy Peeblesshire ( Siorrachd nam Pùballan in Gaelic) the County of Peebles or Tweeddale was a county of Scotland. Roxburghshire or the County of Roxburgh is a Registration county of Scotland. Selkirkshire or the County of Selkirk ( Scottish Gaelic: Siorrachd Shalcraig) is a Registration county of Scotland. Midlothian ( Meadhan Lodainn in Gaelic) is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland, and a lieutenancy area. The regions and districts of Scotland were established under the Local Government (Scotland Act 1973 as a two-tier system of Local government in Scotland. The regions and districts of Scotland were established under the Local Government (Scotland Act 1973 as a two-tier system of Local government in Scotland. Ettrick & Lauderdale 1975-96 The destroyed Royal burgh of Roxburgh (or Rosbroch) was an important trading Burgh in High Medieval to early modern Scotland Tweeddale is a Committee area and lieutenancy area in the Scottish Borders. In 1996 the region became a unitary authority area and the districts were wound up. See also Independent city A unitary authority is a type of Local authority that has a single tier and is responsible for all Local government functions The region was created with the name Borders. Following the election of a shadow area council in 1995 the name was changed to Scottish Borders with effect from 1996. [2]

Contents

Geography

The Scottish Borders are located in the Eastern part of the Southern Uplands. The Southern Uplands is the southernmost of Scotland 's three major geographic areas (the others being the Central Belt and the Highlands) [1]

The region is hilly, with the River Tweed flowing west to east through the region. There are other rivers with this name see Tweed River The River Tweed ( Uisge Thuaidh in Gaelic (156 kilometres or long flows primarily through the In the east of the region the area that borders the River Tweed is flat and is known as 'The Merse'. The Tweed and its tributaries drain the entire region with the river flowing into the North Sea at Berwick-upon-Tweed, and forming the border with England for the last twenty miles or so of its length. The North Sea is a marginal, Epeiric sea of the Atlantic Ocean on the European Continental shelf. Berwick-upon-Tweed ( ˈbɛrɪk- ( Scots: Berwick or historically South Berwick) situated in the county of Northumberland, is the northernmost The Anglo-Scottish border (or English-Scottish border) runs for 96  Miles nbsp(154  km) between

The term Central Borders refers to the area in which the majority of the main towns of Galashiels, Selkirk, Hawick, Jedburgh, Earlston, Kelso, St Boswells, Newtown St Boswells, Melrose and Tweedbank are located. Galashiels is a Burgh in the Scottish Borders, on the Gala Water river Selkirk, a town and former Royal burgh in the Scottish Borders, lies on the River Ettrick, a tributary of the River Tweed. Hawick ( ˈhɔɪk is a town in the Scottish Borders in the south east of Scotland. Jedburgh (Referred to locally Jeddart or Jethart is a town and former Royal burgh in the Scottish Borders and historically in Roxburghshire. Earlston (formerly Ercildoune, of which it is a corruption is a parish and market town in Berwickshire, Scotland Kelso (known locally as Kelsae) is a market town in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland, located where the rivers Tweed and Teviot St Boswells is a village (population 1086 situated on the south side of the River Tweed in the Scottish Borders Council Committee area for Eildon, in the Scottish Newtown St Boswells is the administrative centre of the Scottish Borders council Tweedbank is a large village located just to the South East of Galashiels in the Scottish Borders.

History

Historically, the term Borders has a wider meaning, referring to all of the burghs adjoining the English border, also including Dumfriesshire and Kirkcudbrightshire — as well as Northumberland, Cumberland and Westmorland in England. The border country is the area either side of the Anglo-Scottish border including parts of the modern Council areas of Dumfries and Galloway and the A Burgh (ˈbʌʀə is an autonomous corporate entity in Scotland, usually a Town. Dumfriesshire or the County of Dumfries ( Siorrachd Dhùn Phris in Gaelic) is a Registration county of Scotland. The Stewartry of Kirkcudbright (kɚˈkuːbriː Siorrachd Chille Chuithbheirt in Gaelic) or Kirkcudbrightshire (kɚˈkuːbriːʃɚ was formerly a Northumberland is a county in the North East of England. The non-metropolitan county of Northumberland borders Cumbria to the west Cumberland is one of the 39 Historic counties of England. It formed an administrative county from 1889 to 1974 (excluding Carlisle from 1915 and now forms part of Westmorland (formerly also spelt Westmoreland, an even older spelling is Westmerland) is an area of north-west England and one of the 39 Historic counties

Roxburghshire and Berwickshire historically bore the brunt of the conflicts with England, both during declared wars such as the Wars of Scottish Independence, and armed raids which took place in the times of the Border Reivers. The Wars of Scottish Independence were a series of military campaigns fought between the Kingdom of Scotland and the Kingdom of England in the late 13th Border Reivers were raiders along the Anglo - Scottish border ( Border country) for nearly three hundred years from the late 13th century Thus, across the region are to be seen the ruins of many castles, abbeys and even towns.

The people of the Scottish Borders are very proud of their heritage and often speak of themselves as Borderers.

Although there is evidence of some Scottish Gaelic in the origins of place names such as Innerleithen ("confluence of the Leithen"), Kilbucho, and Auchencrow, which contain identifiably Goidelic rather than Brythonic Celtic elements, the language has tended to be weak to non-existent in most parts of the region. Scottish Gaelic ( Gàidhlig) is a member of the Goidelic branch of Celtic languages. Innerleithen is a town in south eastern Scotland. Geography Innerleithen is a small town in the Committee area of Tweeddale, in the Scottish Leithen Water is a tributary of the River Tweed in Scotland. It joins it near the town of Innerleithen, whose name comes from the Scottish Gaelic Kilbucho ( Gaelic Cille Bheagha) is a small settlement in southern Scotland near Biggar and Broughton. Auchencrow is a small village in the Scottish Borders by the Lammermuir range of hills The Goidelic languages, (also sometimes called particularly in colloquial situations the Gaelic languages or collectively Gaelic) historically formed a Dialect The Brythonic languages (or Brittonic languages or British languages) form one of the two branches of the Insular Celtic language family the other being The Celtic languages are descended from Proto-Celtic, or "Common Celtic" a branch of the greater Indo-European Language family. Since the 5th century, there has been evidence of two main languages in the area: Brythonic and Old English, the latter of which developed into its modern forms of English and Scots. Scottish English is the variety of English spoken in Scotland, also called Scottish Standard English. Scots ( The Scots leid) refers to Anglic varieties derived from early northern Middle English spoken in parts of Scotland and Northern

Transport

The region has no working railway stations. Although the area was well connected to the Victorian railway system, the branch lines that supplied it were closed in the decades following the Second World War. Culture The Victorian fascination with novelty resulted in a deep interest in the relationship between modernity and cultural continuities The Railway system in Great Britain is the oldest in the world World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including A bill has been passed by the Scottish Parliament to extend the Waverley Line, which would be a commuter service from Edinburgh to Stow, Galashiels and Tweedbank. The Scottish Parliament ( Scottish Gaelic: Pàrlamaid na h-Alba; Scots: Scottish Pairlament) is the devlolved national unicameral The Waverley Route is an abandoned Double track railway line that ran south from Edinburgh in Scotland through Midlothian and the Scottish Edinburgh ( ˈɛdɪnb(ərə Dùn Èideann) is the Capital of Scotland and is its second largest city after Glasgow. Stow of Wedale, or simply Stow, is a Scottish Village seven miles north of Galashiels. Galashiels is a Burgh in the Scottish Borders, on the Gala Water river Tweedbank is a large village located just to the South East of Galashiels in the Scottish Borders. Today, the East Coast Main Line is the only railway which runs through the region, with Edinburgh Waverley, Berwick-upon-Tweed and Carlisle being the nearest stations. The East Coast Main Line ( ECML) is the electrified high-speed railway link between London and Edinburgh connecting Yorkshire, North East Edinburgh Waverley railway station, commonly referred to as just " Waverley " locally is the main Railway station in the Scottish capital Berwick-upon-Tweed ( ˈbɛrɪk- ( Scots: Berwick or historically South Berwick) situated in the county of Northumberland, is the northernmost This article is about the English railway station for the Australian station see Carlisle railway station Perth Carlisle railway station

The area is served by buses which connect the main population centres. Express bus services link the main towns with rail stations at Edinburgh and Carlisle.

The region also has no commercial airports; the nearest are Edinburgh and Newcastle, both of which are international airports. Edinburgh Airport is located in Edinburgh, Scotland, and was the busiest Airport in Scotland in 2007 handling 9047558 passengers Newcastle Airport is located in Newcastle upon Tyne, about 6 Miles (11 km) north-west of the city centre

The main roads to and from the region are:

Towns and villages

Part of the Scottish Borders Council officers at Newtown St. Boswells
Part of the Scottish Borders Council officers at Newtown St. The A72 is a major route in Scotland connecting Hamilton, South Lanarkshire, with Galashiels, Borders Region. Biggar is a Burgh in South Lanarkshire, Scotland. The town is situated in the Southern Uplands, near the River Clyde Innerleithen is a town in south eastern Scotland. Geography Innerleithen is a small town in the Committee area of Tweeddale, in the Scottish Peebles ( Gaelic: Na Pùballan is a Burgh in the Committee area of Tweeddale, in the Scottish Borders, Boswells

Places of interest

Notes and references

  1. ^ Local councils of Scotland, Directgov website
  2. ^ Notice of change of name of local authority area, Edinburgh Gazette, 26 May 1995

See also

External links

Abbey St Bathans is a community in Berwickshire in the eastern part of the Scottish Borderland. Allanton is a small village in the pre-1975 ancient county of Berwickshire, now an administrative area of the Scottish Borders region of Scotland. Ashkirk is a small village in the Scottish Borders. It is located on the A7 road. Broughton is a village in Tweeddale in the Scottish Borders. Towns and villages nearby include Biggar, Drumelzier, Kilbucho Burnmouth is a small fishing village located adjacent on the A1 road Chirnside is a hillside village in Berwickshire in Scotland, 9 miles west of Berwick-upon-Tweed and 7 miles east of Duns. Clovenfords is a small village in the Scottish Borders in the Scottish Borders. Cockburnspath lies near the North Sea coast between Berwick-upon-Tweed and Edinburgh in Scotland. Coldingham is an historic village in Berwickshire, on southeast Scotland 's coastline north of Eyemouth. Coldstream is a Burgh in the Scottish Borders. It lies on the north bank of the River Tweed in Berwickshire, while Northumberland For the place with the same name in Quebec Canada see Denholm Quebec. Dryburgh is a village in the Scottish Borders region of Scotland, famous for Dryburgh Abbey. Duns was created a Burgh of Barony in 1490 by James IV, and is a former County town of Berwickshire in the Scottish Borders. Earlston (formerly Ercildoune, of which it is a corruption is a parish and market town in Berwickshire, Scotland Eddleston is a small village in the Scottish Borders. Highway A703 pases through the center of the village For other uses see Ettrick Ettrick is a relatively small area within Selkirkshire, in the Scottish Borders Ettrickbridge is a village situated in the Ettrick Valley in the Scottish Borders. Eyemouth (historically spelt Aymouth is a small town and parish in Berwickshire, in the Scottish Borders. Foulden is an ancient parish and village in Berwickshire, Scotland, situated not far above the Whiteadder Water, and seven miles west of Berwick-upon-Tweed Galashiels is a Burgh in the Scottish Borders, on the Gala Water river Greenlaw is a small town in the Borders of Scotland. It was for a time the County town of Berwickshire. Hawick ( ˈhɔɪk is a town in the Scottish Borders in the south east of Scotland. Innerleithen is a town in south eastern Scotland. Geography Innerleithen is a small town in the Committee area of Tweeddale, in the Scottish Jedburgh (Referred to locally Jeddart or Jethart is a town and former Royal burgh in the Scottish Borders and historically in Roxburghshire. Kelso (known locally as Kelsae) is a market town in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland, located where the rivers Tweed and Teviot Kirk Yetholm is a village in the Scottish Borders, eight miles (13 km southeast of Kelso and less than a mile west of the border. The Royal Burgh of Lauder is a town in the Scottish Borders council area. Lilliesleaf is a village in the Scottish Borders, 7 miles south-east of Selkirk. Longformacus is a small village in Berwickshire in the Scottish Borders near Duns, about 22 miles west of Berwick-upon-Tweed, which is in Newcastleton, or Copshaw Holm is a village in the Scottish Borders, only a few miles from the border of Scotland with England. Newstead is a Village in the Scottish Borders, just east of Melrose, coordinates 55 Newtown St Boswells is the administrative centre of the Scottish Borders council Peebles ( Gaelic: Na Pùballan is a Burgh in the Committee area of Tweeddale, in the Scottish Borders, The destroyed Royal burgh of Roxburgh (or Rosbroch) was an important trading Burgh in High Medieval to early modern Scotland Selkirk, a town and former Royal burgh in the Scottish Borders, lies on the River Ettrick, a tributary of the River Tweed. St Abbs is a small fishing village located on the southeast coast of Scotland, in the Committee area of Berwickshire, Scottish Borders St Boswells is a village (population 1086 situated on the south side of the River Tweed in the Scottish Borders Council Committee area for Eildon, in the Scottish Stow of Wedale, or simply Stow, is a Scottish Village seven miles north of Galashiels. Stichill is a village in the historic county of Roxburghshire, a division of the Scottish Borders. Teviothead is a small village in Teviotdale in the Scottish Borders, known locally as Teviotheed It is located south of the River Teviot. Town Yetholm is a small village in the Scottish Borders in the Bowmont Water Valley just opposite from Kirk Yetholm. Traquair House, approximately 5 miles south of Peebles ( is claimed to be the oldest continually inhabited House in Scotland. Walkerburn is a small village in the Scottish Borders. It sits on the A72 around eight miles from Peebles and ten miles from Galashiels West Linton is a Village in the Scottish Borders. It was formerly in Peeblesshire but since local government re-organisation in 1975 now in Tweeddale (although Abbotsford is a Historic house in the region of the Scottish Borders in the south of Scotland, near Melrose, on the south bank of the River The Cheviot Hills are a range of rolling hills straddling the England / Scotland border between Northumberland and the Scottish Borders. Cessford Burn is a small stream which eventually runs to meet the Kale Water and then joins the River Teviot, finally entering the River Tweed at Dryburgh Abbey, near Dryburgh on the banks of the River Tweed, Scotland, was nominally founded on 10 November (Martinmas 1150 in an agreement Historic Scotland is an Executive agency of the Scottish Government, responsible for historic monuments in Scotland. Duns Castle, Duns, Berwickshire is a Historic house in Scotland the oldest part of which the massive Norman Keep or Pele Tower Edin's Hall Broch is a 2nd century Broch near Duns in the Borders of Scotland. Eyemouth (historically spelt Aymouth is a small town and parish in Berwickshire, in the Scottish Borders. Floors Castle in Kelso, Scotland is the seat of the Duke of Roxburghe. Glentress Forest is located near Peebles in the Scottish Borders, about 30 miles south of Edinburgh. The Forestry Commission (established in 1919 is a Non-ministerial government department responsible for Forestry in Great Britain. Greenknowe Tower is a 16th century Tower house, located just west of the village of Gordon, in the Scottish Borders. The National Trust for Scotland (NTS ( Scottish Gaelic: Urras Nàiseanta na h-Alba) describes itself as the conservation charity that protects and promotes The Porteous family is an ancient Scottish Borders Armigerous family Historic Scotland is an Executive agency of the Scottish Government, responsible for historic monuments in Scotland. Jedburgh Abbey is a ruined 12th century Augustinian Abbey, situated in Jedburgh, in the Borders of Scotland. Historic Scotland is an Executive agency of the Scottish Government, responsible for historic monuments in Scotland. Kelso Abbey is a Scottish abbey built in the 12th century by a community of Tironensian monks (originally from Tiron, near The Lammermuir Hills, usually simply called the Lammermuirs ( An Lomair Mòr in Gaelic) (occasionally Anglicised Lammermoors) in southern Manderston House, Duns, Berwickshire, Scotland, is the home of Adrian Bailie Nottage Palmer 4th Baron Palmer. Megget Reservoir in the Scottish Borders is Scotland's highest Embankment dam that holds water for Lothian. Mellerstain House is a Stately home around 13 kilometres north of Kelso in the Borders, Scotland. Melrose Abbey is a Gothic-style Abbey in Melrose, Scotland. It was founded in 1136 by Cistercian Monks on the request Historic Scotland is an Executive agency of the Scottish Government, responsible for historic monuments in Scotland. Neidpath Castle is a L-plan rubble built tower overlooking the River Tweed about 1 mile (2 km west of Peebles in the Borders of Scotland The hamlet of Nisbet is on the north side of the Blackadder Water, a mile south of Duns in Berwickshire, now part of the Scottish Borders Nisbet is a small village in Roxburghshire along the River Teviot. Paxton House is a Historic house at Paxton, Berwickshire, in the Scottish Borders, a few miles south-west of Berwick-upon-Tweed, overlooking The Pennine Way is a National Trail in England. The trail runs 429 kilometres (268 mi from Edale, in the northern Derbyshire The National Trust for Scotland (NTS ( Scottish Gaelic: Urras Nàiseanta na h-Alba) describes itself as the conservation charity that protects and promotes The National Trust for Scotland (NTS ( Scottish Gaelic: Urras Nàiseanta na h-Alba) describes itself as the conservation charity that protects and promotes Smailholm Tower is a Peel tower that stands around five miles west of Kelso in the Scottish Borders. Historic Scotland is an Executive agency of the Scottish Government, responsible for historic monuments in Scotland. Opened in 1984, the Southern Upland Way is a coast to coast walk in Scotland between Portpatrick in the west and Cockburnspath in the east St Abb's Head is a rocky Promontory at the village of St Abbs, Berwickshire, Scottish Borders. St Mary's Loch is the largest natural Loch in the Scottish Borders Region and is situated about 72 km south of Edinburgh on the A708 St Ronan's Well is a Novel by Sir Walter Scott, the only one with a nineteenth-century Scotland setting A river of the Scottish Borders, the River Teviot (pronounced locally) rises in the western foothills of Comb Hill on the border of Dumfries and Galloway. Thirlestane Castle is a Castle set in extensive parklands near Lauder in the Borders of Scotland, aptly named Castlehill as it stood upon Traquair House, approximately 5 miles south of Peebles ( is claimed to be the oldest continually inhabited House in Scotland. Trimontium is the name of a Roman fort at Newstead, near Melrose, Borders, Scotland, close under the three Eildon Wedderburn Castle, near Duns, Berwickshire, in the Scottish Borders, is an 18th century country house Events 451 - The Battle of Avarayr between Armenian rebels and the Sassanid Empire takes place Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 The Anglo-Scottish border (or English-Scottish border) runs for 96  Miles nbsp(154  km) between The Scottish Lowlands ( a' Ghalldachd, meaning roughly 'the non-Gaelic region' in Gaelic, and called Lawlands or Lallans in Scots
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