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This article uses algebraic notation to describe chess moves. Algebraic chess notation is used to record and describe the moves in a game of Chess.
Scotch Game
Image:chess zhor 26.png
Image:chess zver 26.png a8 rd b8 c8 bd d8 qd e8 kd f8 bd g8 nd h8 rd Image:chess zver 26.png
a7 pd b7 pd c7 pd d7 pd e7 f7 pd g7 pd h7 pd
a6 b6 c6 nd d6 e6 f6 g6 h6
a5 b5 c5 d5 e5 pd f5 g5 h5
a4 b4 c4 d4 pl e4 pl f4 g4 h4
a3 b3 c3 d3 e3 f3 nl g3 h3
a2 pl b2 pl c2 pl d2 e2 f2 pl g2 pl h2 pl
a1 rl b1 nl c1 bl d1 ql e1 kl f1 bl g1 h1 rl
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Moves 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. d4
ECO C44
Origin 1824
Named after Scottish Game
Parent Open Game
Chessgames.com opening explorer

The Scotch Game is a chess opening that begins with the moves

1. The Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings ( ECO) is a classification system for the opening moves in a game of chess Year 1824 ( MDCCCXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year An Open Game (or Double King Pawn game is a Chess opening which begins with the White moves 1 In Chess the word " opening " has two common meanings both of which are discussed in this article e4 e5
2. Nf3 Nc6
3. d4

The Scotch Game received its name from a correspondence match in 1824 between Edinburgh and London. Correspondence chess is Chess played by various forms of long-distance correspondence usually through a Correspondence chess server, through email or by Year 1824 ( MDCCCXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Edinburgh ( ˈɛdɪnb(ərə Dùn Èideann) is the Capital of Scotland and is its second largest city after Glasgow. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Popular in the 19th century, by 1900 the Scotch had lost favor among top players because it was thought to release the central tension too early and allow Black to equalize without difficulty. The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar More recently the Scotch has regained some popularity and it has been used by grandmasters Kasparov and Timman as a surprise weapon to avoid the well-analyzed Ruy Lopez. The title Grandmaster is awarded to extremely strong Chess masters by the world chess organization FIDE. Garry Kasparov (Га́рри Ки́мович Каспа́ров) (born as Garry Kimovich Weinstein on April 13 1963 in Baku, Azerbaijan SSR, Soviet Jan Timman (born December 14, 1951) is a Dutch Chess Grandmaster who was one of the world's leading players from the late 1970s to The Ruy Lopez, called the Spanish Opening or Spanish Game outside English speaking countries, is a Chess opening characterised by the moves

White aims to dominate the center by exchanging his d-pawn for Black's e-pawn. This page explains commonly used terms in Chess in alphabetical order Black usually plays 3. . . exd4, as he has no good way to maintain his pawn on e5. After 3. . . d6, White is better after 4. dxe5 dxe5 5. Qxd8+ Kxd8 6. Bc4, or he may simply play 4. Bb5, when 4. . . exd4 5. Nxd4 Bd7 transposes to the Steinitz defense to the Ruy Lopez. Wilhelm (later William) Steinitz ( May 17, 1836 – August 12, 1900) was an Austrian - American The Ruy Lopez, called the Spanish Opening or Spanish Game outside English speaking countries, is a Chess opening characterised by the moves

3. . . Nxd4 is possible, though rarely played today by strong players. It was popular in the 19th century, and receives five columns of analysis in Freeborough and Ranken's opening manual Chess Openings Ancient and Modern (3rd ed. 1896 p. 53). It is often described today as a strategic error, since after 4. Nxd4 exd4 5. Qxd4 (5. Bc4 is the Napoleon Gambit) White's queen stands on a central square, and is not developed too early since it cannot be chased away very effectively (5. The queen (♕♛ is the most powerful piece in the game of Chess. . . c5? is a seriously weakening move that blocks Black's king's bishop). A bishop (♗♝ is a piece in the Board game of Chess. Each player begins the game with two bishops Nonetheless, the Encyclopedia of Chess Openings (volume 3, 3rd edition 1997, p. The Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings ( ECO) is a classification system for the opening moves in a game of chess 251 n. 28, referring to p. 252 line 1) concludes that Black equalizes with 5. . . Ne7 6. Bc4 Nc6 7. Qd5 Qf6 8. 0-0 Ne5 9. Be2 c6 10. Qb3 Ng6 11. f4 Bc5+ 12. Kh1 d6. Similarly, Harald Keilhack concludes in Knight on the Left: 1. Nc3 (p. 21) that although . . . Nxd4 is a "non-line" these days, if Black continues perfectly it is not clear that White gets even a small advantage. Keilhack analyzes 5. Qxd4 d6 6. Nc3 Nf6 7. Bc4 Be7 8. 0-0 0-0 9. Bg5 c6 10. a4 Qa5 11. Bh4 and now after 11. . . Qe5 or 11. . . Be6, "White has at most this indescribable nothingness which is the advantage of the first move. " (Id. p. 25) The Encyclopedia of Chess Openings also concludes that Black equalizes after the alternative 4. Nxe5 Ne6 5. Bc4 Nf6 6. Nc3 Be7 7. 0-0 0-0 8. Be3 d6 8. Nd3 Nxe4 10. Nxe4 d5 (p. 251 n. 28).

After the usual 3. . . exd4, White can respond with the main line 4. Nxd4 or can play a gambit by offering Black one or two pawns in exchange for rapid development. A gambit is a Chess opening in which the first player risks or sacrifices material usually a pawn, with the hope of achieving a resulting advantageous

Contents

Main variations

Image:chess zhor 22.png
Image:chess zver 22.png a8 rd b8 c8 bd d8 qd e8 kd f8 bd g8 nd h8 rd Image:chess zver 22.png
a7 pd b7 pd c7 pd d7 pd e7 f7 pd g7 pd h7 pd
a6 b6 c6 nd d6 e6 f6 g6 h6
a5 b5 c5 d5 e5 f5 g5 h5
a4 b4 c4 d4 nl e4 pl f4 g4 h4
a3 b3 c3 d3 e3 f3 g3 h3
a2 pl b2 pl c2 pl d2 e2 f2 pl g2 pl h2 pl
a1 rl b1 nl c1 bl d1 ql e1 kl f1 bl g1 h1 rl
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Main line 4. Nxd4
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Image:chess zver 22.png a8 rd b8 c8 bd d8 qd e8 kd f8 bd g8 nd h8 rd Image:chess zver 22.png
a7 pd b7 pd c7 pd d7 pd e7 f7 pd g7 pd h7 pd
a6 b6 c6 nd d6 e6 f6 g6 h6
a5 b5 c5 d5 e5 f5 g5 h5
a4 b4 c4 bl d4 pd e4 pl f4 g4 h4
a3 b3 c3 d3 e3 f3 nl g3 h3
a2 pl b2 pl c2 pl d2 e2 f2 pl g2 pl h2 pl
a1 rl b1 nl c1 bl d1 ql e1 kl f1 g1 h1 rl
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Scotch Gambit 4. Bc4
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a7 pd b7 pd c7 pd d7 pd e7 f7 pd g7 pd h7 pd
a6 b6 c6 nd d6 e6 f6 g6 h6
a5 b5 c5 d5 e5 f5 g5 h5
a4 b4 c4 d4 pd e4 pl f4 g4 h4
a3 b3 c3 pl d3 e3 f3 nl g3 h3
a2 pl b2 pl c2 d2 e2 f2 pl g2 pl h2 pl
a1 rl b1 nl c1 bl d1 ql e1 kl f1 bl g1 h1 rl
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Göring Gambit 4. c3

After 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. d4 exd4, the most important continuations are

Main Line

In the main line after 4. Nxd4, Black has three major options. Either 4. . . Bc5 or 4. . . Nf6 offers Black good chances for an equal game.

4. . . Bc5

After 4. . . Bc5 White has 5. Nxc6, 5. Be3, or 5. Nb3. After 5. Nxc6 play almost always continues 5. . . Qf6 (Black doesn't lose a piece on c6 because he is threatening mate with 6. . . Qxf2) 6. Qd2 dxc6 7. Nc3. On 5. Be3 play almost always continues 5. . . Qf6 6. c3 Nge7 7. Bc4 as proposed by IM Gary Lane in Winning with the Scotch. The title International Master is awarded to outstanding Chess players by the world chess organization FIDE. Australian Chess player and author Gary William Lane (born November 4, 1964, United Kingdom) is an International Master of chess On 5. Nb3 play almost always continues 5. . . Bb6 6. a4 a6 7. Nc3.

4. . . Nf6

After 4. . . Nf6 White has 5. Nxc6 or 5. Nc3 (the Scotch Four Knights Game). The Four Knights Game is a Chess opening starting with the moves 1 After 5. Nc3 almost always played is 5. . . Bb4 6. Nxc6 bxc6 7. Bd3 d5 8. exd5 cxd5 9. 0-0 0-0 10. Bg5 c6. After 5. Nxc6 bxc6 6. e5 Qe7 7. Qe2 Nd5 8. c4 is also very common. Where these main lines end, the first real opening decisions are made, which are too specific for this survey.

4. . . Qh4!?

Steinitz's 4. Wilhelm (later William) Steinitz ( May 17, 1836 – August 12, 1900) was an Austrian - American . . Qh4!? almost wins a pawn by force, but White gets a lead in development and attacking chances as compensation. As of 2005, White's most successful line has been 5. Nc3 Bb4 6. Be2 Qxe4 7. Nb5 Bxc3+ 8. bxc3 Kd8 9. 0-0, when Black's awkwardly placed king has generally proven more significant than his extra pawn.

Scotch Gambit

Instead of 4. Nxd4, White has two ways to offer a gambit. The Scotch Gambit starts with 4. Bc4. Black can transpose into the Two Knights Defense with 4. The Two Knights Defense is a Chess opening that begins 1 e4 e5 2 . . Nf6 or he can continue the Scotch with 4. . . Bc5 5. c3 and now 5. . . Nf6 will transpose into a safe variation of the Giuoco Piano. The Giuoco Piano is a Chess opening characterized by the moves 1 Black can instead accept the gambit with 5. . . dxc3 but this is riskier because White will gain a lead in development. A possible continuation is 6. Nxc3 (Grandmaster Sveshnikov has played 6. The title Grandmaster is awarded to extremely strong Chess masters by the world chess organization FIDE. Evgeny Ellinovich Sveshnikov (Jevgēņijs Svešņikovs (born Cheliabinsk, February 11, 1950) is a Latvian International Grandmaster Bxf7+!? Kxf7 7. Qd5+ followed by 8. Qxc5) 6. . . d6 7. Qb3 Qd7 8. Nd5 Nge7 9. Qc3 0-0.

Göring Gambit

The Göring Gambit is a relative of the Danish Gambit that starts with 4. The Danish Gambit, known as the de Nordisches Gambit (Nordic Gambit in German and the nl Noors Gambit (Norwegian Gambit in Dutch is a Chess opening c3. Black can equalise by transposing to the Danish declined with 4. . . d5, often known as the Capablanca Variation; alternative ways of declining include 4. . . Nf6, 4. . . d3 and the relatively unexplored 4. . . Nge7. Alternatively Black can take the pawn with 4. . . dxc3; White can then transpose into the Danish by offering a second pawn with 5. Bc4. Black can accept the second pawn with 5. . . cxb2 6. Bxb2 d6 (6. . . Bb4+ is quite a popular alternative), which is risky, but Black can defend after either 7. Qb3 Qd7 or 7. 0-0 Be6 8. Bxe6 fxe6 9. Qb3 Qd7. Black often declines the second pawn with 5. . . d6, usually leading to complications after 6. Nxc3 Nf6 7. Qb3 Qd7 8. Ng5 Ne5. To remain in the Göring proper, White recaptures with his knight with 5. Nxc3 and Black can defend with 5. . . Bb4 6. Bc4 d6, or 5. . . d6 leading to the same variations as 4. . . dxc3 5. Bc4 d6.

The oldest game with the Göring Gambit might be Meek-Morphy, 1st USA Congress New York 1857. Carl Theodor Göring (uncle of the infamous Hermann) started playing it in 1872. Hermann Wilhelm Göring (also spelled Goering) (12 January 1893 15 October 1946 was a German Politician, Military leader and a leading member Note that Göring himself always played the double gambit with 5. Bc4, thus adding more confusion to the nomenclature. Ljubomir Ljubojevic has played it a couple of times, but before he became a grandmaster.

The Göring Gambit is not popular at master level, as its soundness is open to question and Black also has the equalising option 4. . . d5, but it remains popular at club level where it gives White reasonable practical chances. It is recommended to study the Göring Gambit in connection with the Danish.

References

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