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For the Science Museum of London, see Science Museum (London). For science museums in general check out Science museum. The Science Museum on Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London is part
Demonstration of artificial lightning (in the Museum of Science, Boston)
Demonstration of artificial lightning (in the Museum of Science, Boston)

A science museum or a science centre is a museum devoted primarily to science. A museum is a "permanent institution in the service of society and of its development open to the public which acquires conserves researches communicates and exhibits the Science (from the Latin scientia, meaning " Knowledge " or "knowing" is the effort to discover, and increase human understanding Older science museums tended to concentrate on static displays of objects related to natural history, paleontology, geology, industry and industrial machinery, etc. Natural history is the Scientific research of Plants or Animals leaning more towards the Observational than Experimental methods Palaeontology redirects here For the Scientific journal, see Palaeontology (journal. Geology (from Greek γη gê, "earth" and λόγος Logos, "speech" lit Modern trends in museology have broadened the range of subject matter and introduced many interactive exhibits. Museology (also called museum studies) is the study of how to organize and manage Museums and museum collections. Many if not most modern science museums - which increasingly refer to themselves as 'science centres' or 'discovery centres' - also put much weight on technology. Technology is a broad concept that deals with a Species ' usage and knowledge of Tools and Crafts and how it affects a species' ability to control and adapt

Contents

Historical background

". . . The public museum as understood today is a collection of specimens and other objects of interest to the scholar, the man of science as well as the more casual visitor, arranged and displayed in accordance with the scientific method. In its original sense, the term 'museum' meant a spot dedicated to the muses - 'a place where man's mind could attain a mood of aloofness above everyday affairs. '" — Museum of Jurassic Technology, Introduction & Background, p. The Museum of Jurassic Technology is at 9341 Venice Boulevard in the Palms district of Los Angeles, California, next to the Center for Land Use 2

As early as the Renaissance, many aristocrats collected curiosities for display to their friends. Universities and particularly medical schools also maintained study collections of specimens for their students. Medical education A medical school or faculty of medicine is a Tertiary educational institution—or part of such an institution—that teaches Medicine Such collections were the predecessors of modern natural history museums. Natural history is the Scientific research of Plants or Animals leaning more towards the Observational than Experimental methods The Utrecht University Museum, among others, still displays an extensive collection of 18th-century animal and human "rarities" in its original setting.

The first science museum was the Museo de Ciencias Naturales, in Madrid, Spain. Madrid (pronounced in English in Spanish and colloquially in Spain) is the Capital and largest city of Spain. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Opened in 1752, it almost disappeared during the Franco regime, but it recovered afterwards and today works closely with the CSIC. Francisco Paulino Hermenegildo Teódulo Franco y Bahamonde (born December 4, 1892 in Ferrol, died November 20, 1975 in Madrid The Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas ( CSIC) Spanish or Spanish National Research Council is the largest public research organisation [1]

Another line in the genealogy of science museums came during the Industrial Revolution, with great national exhibits intended to showcase the triumphs of both science and industry. The Industrial Revolution was a period in the late 18th and early 19th centuries when major changes in agriculture manufacturing and transportation had a profound effect on the For example, the Great Exhibition in The Crystal Palace (1851) eventually gave rise to London's Science Museum. The Crystal Palace was a cast-iron and Glass building originally erected in Hyde Park, London, England, to house the

In America, various Natural History Societies established collections in the early 1800s, which evolved into museums. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Notable was the early New England Museum of Natural History, (now the Museum of Science) which opened in Boston in 1864. The Museum of Science ( MoS) is a Boston Massachusetts landmark located in Science Park a plot of land spanning the Charles River. Year 1864 ( MDCCCLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year The Academy of Science of Saint Louis was founded in 1856 as the first scientific organization west of the Mississippi (although the organization managed scientific collections for several decades a formal museum was not created until the mid-twentieth century.

The modern interactive science museum appears to have been pioneered by Munich’s Deutsches Museum in the early 20th century. The Deutsches Museum (German Museum in Munich, Germany, is the world's largest Museum of Technology and Science, with approximately This museum had moving exhibits where visitors were encouraged to push buttons and work levers. The concept was taken to the U. S. by Julius Rosenwald, chairman of Sears, Roebuck and Company, who visited the Deutsches Museum museum with his young son in 1911. He was so-captivated by the experience that he decided to build a similar museum in home town of Chicago. Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. Chicago's Museum of Science and Industry opened in phases between 1933 and 1940. The Museum of Science and Industry (MSI is located in Chicago, Illinois in Jackson Park, in the Hyde Park neighborhood adjacent to Year 1933 ( MCMXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1940 ( MCMXL) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

In 1959 the Museum of Science and Natural History (now the Saint Louis Science Center) was formally created by the Academy of Science of Saint Louis featuring many interactive science and history exhibits. The St Louis Science Center is a Science museum with its facilities in St

In the mid-twentieth century, Frank Oppenheimer included interactive science exhibits at San Francisco's Exploratorium. Frank Friedman Oppenheimer ( August 14, 1912  &ndash February 3, 1985) was an American Physicist who worked on the The Exploratorium is a public science Museum, located in the Marina District at the Palace of Fine Arts in San Francisco California The Exploratorium made public the details of their own exhibits in published "Cookbooks" that served as an inspiration to other museums.

Opened in 1967, the Ontario Science Centre continued the trend of featuring interactive exhibits, instead of just static displays. Ontario Science Centre (OSC is a Science museum in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, near the Don Valley Parkway about 11 km northeast of Most science centres have emulated this since.

Four years after the Exploratorium opened, the first OMNIMAX theater opened as the Reuben H. Fleet Space Theater and Science Center in San Diego's Balboa Park. IMAX (short for Image MAXimum is a Film format created by Canada 's IMAX Corporation that has the capacity to display images of far greater size and The Reuben H Fleet Science Center is a Science museum in Balboa Park in San Diego California. The tilted-dome Space Theater doubled as a planetarium. The Science Center was an Exploratorium-style museum included as a small part of the complex. This combination interactive science museum, planetarium and OMNIMAX theater set the standard that many major science museums follow today.

As the flavour of interactivity crossed the Atlantic, the massive Cite des Sciences et de l'Industrie opened in Paris in 1986, and smaller but no less influential national centres soon followed in Spain, Finland and Denmark. In the UK, the first interactive centres also opened in 1986 on a modest scale, but the real blossoming of science centres was fuelled by Lottery funding for projects to celebrate the millennium.

The mission statements of science centres and modern museums vary. But all are united in being places that make science accessible and encourage the excitement of discovery. They are an integral and dynamic part of the learning environment, promoting exploration from the first 'Eureka!' moment to today's cutting edge research.

See also

References

  1. ^ El Museo de Ciencias Naturales alerta de su 'colapso por falta de espacio' | elmundo.es

External links

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