| Schwäbisch Hall | |
 | |
| Coat of arms | Location |
 |   |
| Administration | |
| Country |  Germany |
|---|---|
| State | Baden-Württemberg |
| Admin. region | Stuttgart |
| District | Schwäbisch Hall |
| Town subdivisions | Kernstadt and 8 Stadtteile |
| Lord Mayor | Hermann-Josef Pelgrim (SPD) |
| Basic statistics | |
| Area | 104. The Kocher is a 182 km long right Tributary of the Neckar in the north-eastern part of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Germany (Deutschland is a Federal Republic consisting of sixteen States, known in German as Länder (singular Baden-Württemberg is one of the 16 states ( Bundesländer) of the Federal Republic of Germany. A Regierungsbezirk is a type of government region of Germany, a subdivision of certain federal states ( ''Bundesländer'') Stuttgart is one of the four administrative districts ( Regierungsbezirke of Baden-Württemberg, Germany, located in the north-east of the state of German districts (de ''Kreise'' or de ''Landkreise'' in the states of Nordrhein-Westfalen and Schleswig-Holstein, singular de ''Kreis'' and de ''Landreis'' Schwäbisch-Hall is a district ( Kreis) in the north-east of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. A central business district ( CBD) is the commercial and often geographic heart of a city A quarter is a section of an urban settlement Its borders can be administratively chosen (then denoted as Borough) and it may have its own administrative structure The Lord Mayor is the title of the Mayor of a major city with special recognition Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 24 km² (40. 2 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 304 m (997 ft) |
| Population | 36,665 (31/12/2006) |
| - Density | 352 /km² (911 /sq mi) |
| Other information | |
| Time zone | CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2) |
| Licence plate | SHA |
| Postal code | 74523 |
| Area code | 0791 |
| Website | www.schwaebischhall.de |
| Location of the town of Schwäbisch Hall within Schwäbisch Hall district | |
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Schwäbisch Hall (or Hall for short) is a town in the German state of Baden-Württemberg; it is the capital of the district of Schwäbisch Hall. The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume Central European Time ( CET) is one of the names of the Time zone that is 1 hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. Central European Summer Time ( CEST) is one of the names of UTC+2 Time zone, 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+1 is used in the following locations Central European Time West Africa Time Western European Summer Time UTC+2 corresponds to the following Time zones Eastern European Time Egypt Standard Time Central Africa Time German car number plates ( Kfz-Kennzeichen) show the place where the car carrying them is registered __FORCETOC__ Postal codes in Germany, Postleitzahl (plural Postleitzahlen abbreviated to PLZ consist of five digits which indicate the wider area (first two digits and the see also Telephone numbering in Germany for further codes including service numbers cell phones etc A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. In the Holy Roman Empire, a free imperial city (in German: freie Reichsstadt) was a City formally ruled by the Emperor only &mdash The Holy Roman Empire ( HRE; German Heiliges Römisches Reich (HRR, Latin Sacrum Romanum Imperium (SRI was a union of territories in Württemberg, formerly known as Wirtemberg, is an area and a former state in Swabia, a region in southwestern Germany. Throughout the world there are many cities that were once national Capitals but no longer have that status because the country ceased to exist the capital was moved or the capital For the government of parliamentary systems see Executive (government. A republic is a State or Country that is not led by a hereditary Monarch, but in which the people (or at least a part of its people have impact on its Imperial immediacy (Reichsfreiheit or Reichsunmittelbarkeit) was a privileged feudal and political status a form of statehood which a City, religious Sweden was between 1611 and 1718 one of the Great powers of Europe For the Mauritanian Thirty Years' War see Char Bouba war. For the band see The 30 Years War. The German Mediatisation was the series of mediatisations and secularisations that occurred in Germany in 1795 &ndash 1814, during History of Württemberg Origins The origin of the name Württemberg remains obscure scholars having universally rejected the once popular derivation from "Wirth Year 1802 ( MDCCCII) was a Common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar or a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Germany (Deutschland is a Federal Republic consisting of sixteen States, known in German as Länder (singular Baden-Württemberg is one of the 16 states ( Bundesländer) of the Federal Republic of Germany. Districts are a type of Administrative division, in some countries managed by a Local government. Schwäbisch-Hall is a district ( Kreis) in the north-east of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. The town is located in the valley of the river Kocher in the north-eastern part of Baden-Württemberg. The Kocher is a 182 km long right Tributary of the Neckar in the north-eastern part of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Today, about 36,000 people live in Hall.
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Name
The most probable origin of the name "Hall" is a west Germanic word family that means "drying something by heating it". It obviously refers to the method to produce salt by heating salty groundwater. Salt is a Dietary mineral composed primarily of Sodium chloride that is essential for Animal life but toxic to most land plants Groundwater is Water located beneath the Ground surface in Soil pore spaces and in the Fractures of lithologic formations [1]
History
Salt was distilled by the Celts at the site of Hall as early as the fifth century BC. Celts (ˈkɛlts or /ˈsɛlts/, see Names of the Celts The 5th century BC started the first day of 500 BC and ended the last day of 401 BC. The first time it was mentioned in a treaty was in 1156, connection with the establishment of St. Michael's Church in Hall. The village probably belonged first to the Counts of Comburg-Rothenburg and went from them to the Imperial house of Hohenstaufen (ca 1116). It was probably Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa who founded the imperial mint and started the coining of the so-called Heller. Frederick I Barbarossa (1122 &ndash 10 June 1190) was elected King of Germany at Frankfurt on 4 March 1152 and crowned The heller or haller was a German coin valued at half a Pfennig named after city of Hall (today Schwäbisch Hall) Hall flourished through the production of salt and coins. Since 1204 it has been called a town.
After the fall of the house of Hohenstaufen, Hall defended itself successfully against the claims of a noble family in the neighbourhood (the Schenken von Limpurg). The conflict was finally settled in 1280 by King Rudolph I of Habsburg; this allowed the undisturbed development into an Free Imperial City (Reichsstadt) of the Holy Roman Empire. Rudolph I, also known as Rudolph of Habsburg ( German: Rudolf von Habsburg, Latin Rudolfus) May 1, 1218 &ndash In the Holy Roman Empire, a free imperial city (in German: freie Reichsstadt) was a City formally ruled by the Emperor only &mdash The Holy Roman Empire ( HRE; German Heiliges Römisches Reich (HRR, Latin Sacrum Romanum Imperium (SRI was a union of territories in Emperor Louis IV the Bavarian granted a constitution that settled internal conflicts (Erste Zwietracht) in 1340. Louis IV ( 1 April[[ 282]] &ndash 11 October 1347) called the Bavarian, of the house of Wittelsbach, was the Duke of Bavaria After this, the city was governed by the inner council (Innerer Rat) which was composed by twelve noblemen, six "middle burghers" and eight craftsmen. The head of the council was the Stättmeister (mayor). A second phase of internal conflicts 1510–12 (Zweite Zwietracht) brought the dominating role of the nobility to an end. The confrontation with the noble families was started by Stättmeister Hermann Büschler, whose daughter Anna Büschler is the subject of a popular book by Harvard professor Steven Ozment ("The Bürgermeister's Daughter: Scandal in a sixteenth-century German town"). Steven E Ozment (b February 21 1939, McComb Mississippi) is an American Historian of early modern and modern Germany The leading role was taken over by a group of families who turned into a new ruling class. Amongst them where the Bonhöffers, the ancestors of Dietrich Bonhoeffer. Dietrich Bonhoeffer ˈdiːtrɪç ˈboːnhøfɐ ( February 4, 1906 &ndash April 9, 1945) was a German Lutheran
From the 14th to the 16th centuries, Hall systematically acquired a large territory in the surrounding area, mostly from noble families and the Comburg monastery. Comburg was a Benedictine monastery near Schwäbisch Hall in Baden-Württemberg in Germany. The wealth of this era can still be seen in some gothic buildings like St. See also Gothic art Gothic architecture is a style of Architecture which flourished during the high and late medieval period. Michael's Church (rebuilt 1427–1526) with its impressive stairway (1507). The town joined the Protestant Reformation very early. The Protestant Reformation was a reform movement in Europe that began in 1517 though its roots lie further back in time Johannes Brenz, a follower of Martin Luther, was made pastor of St. Johann Brenz, the German Theologian and Swabian Reformer was born at Weil (8 miles s Martin Luther (November 10 1483 February 18 1546 was a German Monk, theologian, university professor Father of Protestantism, and church reformer Michael's Church in 1522 and quickly began to reform the church and the school system along Lutheran lines.
Hall suffered severely during the Thirty Years' War, though it was never besieged or scene of a battle. For the Mauritanian Thirty Years' War see Char Bouba war. For the band see The 30 Years War. However, it was forced to pay enormous sums to the armies of the various parties, especially to the imperial, Swedish and French troops, who also committed numerous atrocities and plundered the town and the surrounding area. The Holy Roman Empire ( HRE; German Heiliges Römisches Reich (HRR, Latin Sacrum Romanum Imperium (SRI was a union of territories in "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Between 1634 and 1638 every fifth inhabitant died of hunger and diseases, especially from the bubonic plague. Bubonic plague is the best-known manifestation of the bacterial disease plague, caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis (formerly known as The war left the town an impoverished and economically ruined place. But with the help of reorganizations of salt production and trade and a growing wine trade, there was an astonishingly fast recovery. Wine is an Alcoholic beverage made from the fermentation of Grape juice
Fires were a constant threat to the mostly wooden houses of the town. The great fires of 1680 and especially of 1728 destroyed much of the city, which led to new buildings in the Baroque style, such as the city hall. Year 1728 ( MDCCXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Baroque art redirects here Please disambiguate such links to Baroque painting, Baroque sculpture, etc
The Napoleonic wars brought the history of Hall as a Free Imperial City to an end. The Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815 involved Napoleon's French Empire and a shifting set of European allies and opposing coalitions Following the Treaty of Lunéville (1801), the duke of Württemberg was allowed by Napoleon to occupy the town and several other minor states as a compensation for territories on the left side of the Rhine that fell to France. The Treaty of Lunéville was signed on February 9 1801 between the French Republic and the Holy Roman Empire by Joseph Bonaparte and Year 1801 ( MDCCCI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting on Tuesday Württemberg, formerly known as Wirtemberg, is an area and a former state in Swabia, a region in southwestern Germany. Napoleon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821 was a French military and political leader who had a significant impact on the History of Europe. The Rhine (Rhein Rijn Rhin Reno Rain Rhenus is one of the longest and most important Rivers in Europe at 1320 kilometres (820 mi with an average discharge This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. This took place in 1802 — Hall lost its territory and its political independence and became a Oberamtsstadt (seat of an Oberamt, comparable to a county). Year 1802 ( MDCCCII) was a Common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar or a Common year starting on Wednesday of the A county is a Land area of Regional Government within a larger State. Ownership of the salt works was handed over to the state. A long economic crisis during the 19th century forced many citizens to move to other places in Germany or to emigrate overseas, mostly to the USA. The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar The United States of America —commonly referred to as the While other towns like Heilbronn grew steadily due to the Industrial Revolution, the population of Hall stagnated. Heilbronn (haɪlˈbʁɔn is a city in northern Baden-Württemberg, Germany The Industrial Revolution was a period in the late 18th and early 19th centuries when major changes in agriculture manufacturing and transportation had a profound effect on the The economic situation improved during the second half of the 19th century — a main factor was the railway line to Heilbronn (1862) — but was not followed by a significant growth of the town. The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar "Railroad" and "Railway" both redirect here For other uses see Railroad (disambiguation. Year 1862 was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting on Monday It was not until the 1920s and 1930s that new settlements were built on the heights surrounding the old town. Year 1920 ( MCMXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display 1920 of the Gregorian calendar Year 1930 ( MCMXXX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display 1930 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Hall also grew through the incorporation of Steinbach (1930) and Hessental (1936). Year 1930 ( MCMXXX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display 1930 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1936 ( MCMXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
1827, a health spa was founded on one of the islands in the Kocher river. Year 1827 ( MDCCCXXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Especially after the building of the railway (1862) it became a considerable economical factor. Year 1862 was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting on Monday The well-preserved old town also brought a rising number of tourists. Since the beginning of the 20th century, Hall has developed many festivities. The twentieth century of the Common Era began on Especially well known are the theatre productions which are performed every year in the centre of the city on the steps of St. Michael.
In 1934, Hall was officially named Schwäbisch Hall. Year 1934 ( MCMXXXIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full 1934 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. During the Third Reich a Luftwaffe air base was built at Hessental. Nazi Germany and the Third Reich are the common English names for Germany under the regime of Adolf Hitler and the National Socialist German Workers ( German 'luftvafe is a generic German term for an Air force. An airbase, sometimes referred to as an Air Force Station, a military Airport or airfield, provides basing and support of Military In 1944 a concentration camp was established next to the train station Hall-Hessental. Year 1944 ( MCMXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Internment is the imprisonment or confinement of people commonly in large groups without trial The train station at Hall was targeted by an American air raid on February 23, 1945, but the devastations were mostly limited to the suburbs of St. Events 1455 - Traditional date for the publication of the Gutenberg Bible, the first Western Book printed from Movable Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar Katharina and Unterlimpurg. The town was occupied by US Army troops on April 17, 1945 without serious resistance; though several buildings were destroyed or damaged, the historical old town suffered comparatively little. The United States Army is a military organization whose primary mission is to "provide necessary forces and capabilities. Events 69 - After the First Battle of Bedriacum, Vitellius becomes Roman Emperor. Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar
The city administration was an early mover in the migration from Microsoft Windows to GNU/Linux and open source software in the early years of the 21st century. Microsoft Windows is a series of Software Operating systems and Graphical user interfaces produced by Microsoft. GNU ( pronounced) is a computer Operating system composed entirely of Free software. Linux (commonly pronounced ˈlɪnəks Open source software (OSS began as a marketing campaign for Free software. The 21st century is the current century of the Christian Era or Common Era in accordance with the Gregorian calendar.
Industry
With the dwindling importance of salt, Hall looked for new industries. Today it is known for Bausparkasse Schwäbisch Hall AG, a housing credit company, founded in 1944, as well as a local centre for service industries. Year 1944 ( MCMXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
In the 1970s Schwäbisch Hall expanded when some agricultural villages became part of the municipality. This article is about the Decade 1970-1979 For the Year 1970 see 1970.
Twin towns
Épinal, Vosges, France, since 1964
Loughborough, Leicestershire, England, since 1966
Lappeenranta, South Karelia, Finland, since 1985- Neustrelitz, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany, since 1988
Zamość, Lublin Voivodeship, Poland, since 1989
Balıkesir, Marmara Region, Turkey, since 2006
References
- ^ Kuno Ulshöfer, Herta Beutter (ed. Épinal is a commune of northeastern France, préfecture (capital of the Vosges département. Vosges (voːʒ is a French department, named after the Vosges mountain range. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. Loughborough (pronounced locally as either /lɘfbɘɹɘ/ "LUFF-burra" /lɘf Leicestershire (ˈlɛstəʃə(r or ˈlɛstəʃɪə(r abbreviation Leics England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Year 1966 ( MCMLXVI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. Lappeenranta ( Villmanstrand in Swedish) is a city and municipality that resides on the shore of the lake Saimaa in South-Eastern The Region of South Karelia is a region ( maakunta / landskap) of Finland. Finland, officially the Republic of Finland ( is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of northern Europe. Year 1985 ( MCMLXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays 1985 Gregorian calendar) Neustrelitz (nɔʏˈʃtʁeːlɪts is a town in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany and is the capital of the district of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, sometimes translated as Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania or Mecklenburg-West Pomerania, is a state in Northern Germany comprising Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Year 1988 ( MCMLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar) Zamość is a town in southeastern Poland with 66633 inhabitants (2004 situated in the Lublin Voivodeship (since 1999 Lublin Voivodeship (also known as Lublin Province or województwo lubelskie or simply Lubelskie) is a voivodeship, or Province, in eastern Poland Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland Year 1989 ( MCMLXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar) Sites of interest Kuş Cenneti (Bird Sanctuary National Park Erdek, Bandırma, Edremit Bays and Ayvalık Coastal Beach Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ): Hall und das Salz. Beiträge zur hällischen Stadt- und Salinengeschichte, Sigmaringen 1982, p. 8.
External links
- Official website (English)
- Pictures of Schwäbisch Hall (English) (German)
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