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In the United Kingdom, a Scheduled Monument is a 'nationally important' archaeological site or historic building, given protection against unauthorised change. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located An archaeological site is a place (or group of physical sites in which evidence of past activity is preserved (either Prehistoric or historic or contemporary and The protection given to scheduled monuments is separate from the Town and Country Planning system. Scheduled Ancient Monuments are defined in the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979. The Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 or AMAAA was a law passed by the British government the latest in a series of Ancient Monument Acts legislating In England, Wales and Scotland they may be referred to as a Scheduled Ancient Monument. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. In Northern Ireland they are designated under separate legislation and are referred to as a Scheduled Historic Monument (for those in private ownership) or a Monument in State Care (for those in public ownership). Northern Ireland (Tuaisceart Éireann Ulster Scots: Norlin Airlann) is a Country within the United Kingdom, lying in the northeast of

Occasionally Scheduled Monuments are also designated as listed buildings (eg. A listed building in the United Kingdom is a building or other structure officially designated as being of special architectural historical or cultural significance Dunblane Cathedral), although the latter designation is generally only applied to buildings and structures which are, or could be, in modern day-to-day use. Dunblane Cathedral is the larger of the two Church of Scotland Parish churches serving Dunblane, near the city of Stirling, in central Where a monument is both scheduled and listed, many provisions of the listing legislation are disapplied (for example those relating to Building Preservation Notices).

In England the Department for Culture, Media and Sport keeps a register, or schedule, of nationally important sites which receive state protection. The Department for Culture Media and Sport ( DCMS) is a department of the United Kingdom government, with responsibility for culture and sport This process was first devolved to Scotland and Wales in the 1970s and is now operated by the Scottish Government and the Welsh Assembly Government. Devolution is the statutory granting of powers from the central government of a State to government at subnational level The Scottish Government (SG ( Scottish Gaelic: Riaghaltas na h-Alba) is the executive arm of the government of Scotland. The Welsh Assembly Government (WAG (Llywodraeth Cynulliad Cymru LlCC) was firstly an executive body of the National Assembly for Wales, consisting of The three government bodies with responsibility for archaeology and the historic environment in Britain are: English Heritage in England, Cadw in Wales, Historic Scotland in Scotland. English Heritage is a Non-departmental public body of the United Kingdom government ( Department for Culture Media and Sport) with a broad remit of England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Cadw (to keep is a Welsh government body with the mission to protect conserve and to promote the built heritage of Wales. Historic Scotland is an Executive agency of the Scottish Government, responsible for historic monuments in Scotland. Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. The Northern Irish system is governed by separate legislation, and is operated by the Environment and Heritage Service in Northern Ireland. The Environment and Heritage Service is a Northern Ireland Executive conservation agency within the Department of the Environment. Northern Ireland (Tuaisceart Éireann Ulster Scots: Norlin Airlann) is a Country within the United Kingdom, lying in the northeast of

A long list of criteria is used to decide whether an ancient monument should be scheduled. An ancient monument is an early historical structure or Monument (e Scheduling affords greater protection as it becomes illegal to undertake a great range of works within a designated area, without 'scheduled monument consent'. The Scottish criteria were revised in 2006. [1]

To be eligible for scheduling, a monument must be demonstrably of (in the terms of the 1979 Act) 'national importance'. Non-statutory criteria are provided to guide the assessment. In England these are:[2]

There is no appeal against the scheduling process and adding a monument to the schedule may be a process requiring a great deal of research and consideration. The process can be accelerated for sites under threat however. In England, English Heritage gathers information on a site, defines a boundary around it and advises the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport of its eligibility for inclusion on the schedule. English Heritage is a Non-departmental public body of the United Kingdom government ( Department for Culture Media and Sport) with a broad remit of In Scotland and Wales Historic Scotland and Cadw are part of central government and act on behalf of the relevant ministers.

Protection can be given by taking the monument into state ownership or placing it under guardianship, the latter meaning that the owner retains possession, while the appropriate national heritage body maintains it and (usually) opens it to the public. Field Monument Wardens monitor sites to check their condition and to report on damage etc. Wider areas can be protected by designating their locations as Areas of Archaeological Importance. As of 2004 only five city centres, all in England, have been designated AAIs (Canterbury, Chester, Exeter, Hereford and York). Canterbury ( ˈkæntəbɹ̩i is a City in eastern Kent in the South East region of England. Chester is the County town of Cheshire, England. Lying on the River Dee, close to the border with Wales, it is home to 77040 Exeter ( (IPA ˈeksɪtər is a city, district and County town of Devon, England. Hereford ( ˈhɛrɨfəd is a city, Civil parish and County town of Herefordshire, England. York ( is an historic Walled city sited at the confluence of the rivers Ouse and Foss in North Yorkshire, England. This part of the 1979 Act was never brought into effect in Scotland.

Damage to a Scheduled monument is a criminal offence and any works taking place within one require Scheduled Monument Consent from the Secretary of State or her devolved equivalent. In the sociological field, crime is the breach of a rule or Law for which some governing authority or force may ultimately prescribe a Punishment Permission for non-essential works is rarely given and new building close to a scheduled monument which might damage its setting is a material consideration in the planning system.

The Scheduling system is criticised by some as being cumbersome. It also has a limited definition of what constitutes a monument. Features such as ritual landscapes, battlefields and flint scatters are difficult to schedule. Scheduling is not usually applied to underwater sites, although three maritime sites have been designated as scheduled ancient monuments. In England radical change has been proposed, which will see a single 'register' created that includes scheduled monuments and listed buildings.

Sometimes Ancient Monuments are also Listed buildings, or they are situated in a Conservation Area. A listed building in the United Kingdom is a building or other structure officially designated as being of special architectural historical or cultural significance A conservation area is a tract of land that has been awarded protected status in order to ensure that natural features cultural heritage or biota are safeguarded Others are also World Heritage Sites. A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a site (such as a Forest, Mountain, Lake, Desert, Monument, Building, complex

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England

Example 1: Wymondham Abbey in Norfolk is a Scheduled Ancient Monument, a Grade I Listed Building, and lies in Wymondham Conservation Area. Wymondham Abbey (pronounced Windham) is situated in the town of Wymondham in Norfolk England. Norfolk (ˈnɔrfək is a low-lying county in East Anglia, England, United Kingdom.

Example 2: Paston Great Barn, also in Norfolk, is a Scheduled Ancient Monument and a Grade II Listed Building. Paston is a village and Civil parish in the English county of Norfolk. Because of the presence of rare bats, it is also on a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) and a candidate for Special Area of Conservation (SAC) European Union protective status. A Site of Special Scientific Interest or SSSI is a Conservation designation denoting a Protected area in the United Kingdom. A Special Area of Conservation (SAC is defined in the European Commission Habitats Directive (92/43/EEC also known as the Directive on the Conservation of Natural Habitats The European Union ( EU) is a political and economic union of twenty-seven member states, located primarily in

Northern Ireland

Examples of Scheduled Monuments in Northern Ireland, as designated by the Environment and Heritage Service:

Scotland

Examples of Scheduled Ancient Monuments in Scotland, as designated by Historic Scotland:

Wales

Examples of Scheduled Monuments in Wales, as designated by Cadw:

See also

External links

The National Monuments Record (NMRis the public Archive of English Heritage, located in Swindon. English Heritage is a Non-departmental public body of the United Kingdom government ( Department for Culture Media and Sport) with a broad remit of English Heritage is a Non-departmental public body of the United Kingdom government ( Department for Culture Media and Sport) with a broad remit of
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