| Savielly Tartakower | ||
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| 'The blunders are all there, on the chessboard, ready to be made' | ||
| Full name | Ksawery Tartakower | |
| Country |  Poland  France |
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| Born | February 22, 1887 Rostov-on-Don, Russia |
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| Died | February 4, 1956 (aged 68) Paris, France |
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| Title | Grandmaster | |
- This article uses algebraic notation to describe chess moves. Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Events 1495 - King Charles VIII of France enters Naples to claim the city's throne Year 1887 ( MDCCCLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Rostov-on-Don (Росто́в-на-Дону́ Rostov-na-Donu rɐ'stof nə dɐ'nu is the city and the administrative center of Rostov Oblast and the Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending Events 211 - Roman Emperor Septimius Severus dies leaving the Roman Empire in the hands of his two quarrelsome sons Year 1956 ( MCMLVI) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. The title Grandmaster is awarded to extremely strong Chess masters by the world chess organization FIDE. Algebraic chess notation is used to record and describe the moves in a game of Chess.
Ksawery Tartakower (Russian Савелий Григорьевич Тартаковер, generally known as Saviely or Savielly in English, less often Xavier Tartacover or Xavier Tartakover; 1887-1956) was a leading Polish and French chess Grandmaster. Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Chess is a recreational and competitive Game played between two players. The title Grandmaster is awarded to extremely strong Chess masters by the world chess organization FIDE. He was the king of chess journalism in the 1920s and 30s. [1]
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Early career
He was of Jewish origin [1] born on February 22, 1887, in Rostov-on-Don, Russia to Austrian citizens. Events 1495 - King Charles VIII of France enters Naples to claim the city's throne Year 1887 ( MDCCCLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Rostov-on-Don (Росто́в-на-Дону́ Rostov-na-Donu rɐ'stof nə dɐ'nu is the city and the administrative center of Rostov Oblast and the He graduated from the law faculties of the universities in Geneva and Vienna. Geneva (Genève is the second-most populous city in Switzerland (after Zürich) and is the most populous city of Romandy (the French -speaking Vienna ( in Wien; see also other names) is the Capital of Austria, and is also one of the nine States of Austria. During his studies he became interested in chess and started attending chess meetings in various cafés for chess players in Vienna. He personally met many notable masters of the time, among them Carl Schlechter, Geza Maroczy (against whom he later won what was probably his most famous brilliancy[2]), Milan Vidmar, and Richard Réti. Carl Schlechter ( March 2, 1874 - December 27, 1918) was a leading Austrian Chess master at the turn of the 20th century Géza Maróczy (ˈɡeːzɒ ˈmɒroːtsi 3 March 1870 – 29 May 1951) was a leading Hungarian Chess Grandmaster Milan Vidmar ( June 22 1885 – October 9 1962) was a Slovene Electrical engineer, chess player, chess theorist Richard Réti ( 28 May, 1889, Pezinok (now Slovakia) &ndash 6 June, 1929, Prague) was an Austrian His first achievement was the first place in a tournament in Nuremberg in 1906. Year 1906 ( MCMVI) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Three years later he achieved the second place in the tournament in Vienna—losing only to Réti.
During World War I he was drafted into the Austro-Hungarian army, and served as a staff officer on various posts. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All
After the war he emigrated to France, and settled in Paris. Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city Although Tartakower did not even speak Polish, after Poland regained its independence in 1918 he accepted Polish citizenship and became one of the most prominent honorary ambassadors of Poland abroad. Polish ( język polski, polszczyzna) is the Official language of Poland. Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland Year 1918 ( MCMXVIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common
Chess professional
In France, he decided to become a professional chess player. He also started cooperating with various chess-related magazines, as well as writing several books and brochures related to chess. The most famous of these, Die Hypermoderne Schachpartie ("The Hypermodernist Chess Game") was published in 1924 and has been issued in almost a hundred editions since. Tartakower took part in many of the most important chess tournaments of the epoch. In 1927 and 1928 he won two tournaments in Hastings and shared the first place with Aron Nimzowitsch at the London contest. The Hastings International Chess Congress is an annual Chess congress which takes place in Hastings, England, around the turn of the year Aron Nimzowitsch ( Ārons Ņimcovičs; born Aron Niemzowitsch and also known as Nimzovich) (7 November 1886 – 16 March 1935 was a Latvian On the latter occasion he managed to beat such notable chess players as Frank Marshall, Milan Vidmar, and Yefim Bogolubov. Frank James Marshall ( August 10 1877 &ndash November 9 1944) was the U Milan Vidmar ( June 22 1885 – October 9 1962) was a Slovene Electrical engineer, chess player, chess theorist Efim Dmitriyevich Bogoljubow (Bogoljubov Bogolyubov (Ефи́м Дми́триевич Боголю́бов April 14, 1889 &ndash June 18, In 1930 he won the Liège tournament, beating Mir Sultan Khan by two points. Liège (ljɛːʒ Older English: Luick, Walloon: Lidje, German: Lüttich; Latin: Leodium, Dutch Mir Sultan Khan (1905 – 1966 was generally considered to have been the strongest Chess master of his time from Asia Further down the list were, among others, Akiba Rubinstein, Aaron Nimzowitsch, and Frank Marshall. Akiba Kiwelowicz Rubinstein ( 12 December, 1882, in Stawiski, Poland – 15 March, 1961 in Antwerp, Aron Nimzowitsch ( Ārons Ņimcovičs; born Aron Niemzowitsch and also known as Nimzovich) (7 November 1886 – 16 March 1935 was a Latvian Frank James Marshall ( August 10 1877 &ndash November 9 1944) was the U
He won twice Polish Chess Championship at Warsaw 1935 and Jurata 1937. Individual Polish Chess Championship is the most important Polish Chess tournament aiming at selecting the best chess players in Poland [2] In the 1930s Tartakower represented Poland in six Chess Olympiads, gathering three individual medals (gold in 1931 and bronze in 1933 and 1935), as well as five team medals (gold in 1930, two silver in 1931 and 1939, and two bronze in 1935 and 1937). Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland The Chess Olympiad is a Biennial Chess tournament in which teams from all over the world compete against each other
- In 1930, at second board at 3rd Olympiad in Hamburg (+9 –1 =6);
- In 1931, at second board at 4th Olympiad in Prague (+10 –1 =7);
- In 1933, at first board at 5th Olympiad in Folkestone (+6 –2 =6);
- In 1935, at first board at 6th Olympiad in Warsaw (+6 –0 =11);
- In 1937, at first board at 7th Olympiad in Stockholm (+1 –2 =10);
- In 1939, at first board at 8th Olympiad in Buenos Aires (+7 –3 =7). Hamburg (English, German: ˈhambʊɐk local pronunciation Low German / Low Saxon: Hamborg) is the second-largest city in Germany Prague (ˈprɑːg Praha (ˈpraɦa see also other names) is the Capital and Largest city of the Czech Republic. Folkestone (ˈfoʊkstən is a resort town on the south coast of Kent, England, traditionally known as "The Garden Coast" Warsaw (Warszawa; also known by other names) is the Capital and Largest city of Poland. ('stɔkhɔlm is Sweden 's Capital and its largest City. It is the site of the national Swedish government, the parliament, and the Buenos Aires is the Capital and largest city of Argentina. It is geographically located on the southern shore of the Río de la Plata, on the southeastern [3]
In 1935 he was one of the main organizers of the Chess Olympiad in Warsaw. Warsaw (Warszawa; also known by other names) is the Capital and Largest city of Poland. He also won the Polish Chess Championship twice (1935 in Warsaw and in 1937 in Jurata). Jurata - popular Polish Sea side resort, part of the town of Jastarnia.
In 1939, the outbreak of World War II caught him in Buenos Aires, where he was playing the 8th Chess Olympiad. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Buenos Aires is the Capital and largest city of Argentina. It is geographically located on the southern shore of the Río de la Plata, on the southeastern He was representing Poland on a team that included Mieczysław Najdorf. Miguel Najdorf (born Mendel (Mieczysław Najdorf in Grodzisk Mazowiecki near Warsaw, Poland, April 15, 1910 &ndash Najdorf always referred to Tartakower as "my teacher. "
Final years
After a short stay in Argentina he decided to return to Europe. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Argentina topics. He arrived in France shortly before its collapse in 1940. Year 1940 ( MCMXL) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Under a false name Cartier he joined the forces of general Charles de Gaulle. A pseudonym is a fictitious alternative to a person's legal name (see Alias) Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle ( ( 22 November 1890 – 9 November 1970) was a French General and statesman who led the Free French
After World War II and the communist take-over of power in Poland, Tartakower became a French citizen. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including He played in the first Interzonal tournament at Saltsjöbaden 1948, but did not qualify for the Candidates tournament. Interzonal chess tournaments were tournaments organized by FIDE, the World Chess Federation Saltsjöbaden is a locality with 8937 (2005 inhabitants situated in Nacka Municipality, Stockholm County in Sweden, located on the coast of A candidate is the prospective recipient of an Award or honor or a person seeking or being considered for some kind of position for example to be elected He represented France at the 1950 Chess Olympiad. Year 1950 ( MCML) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. FIDE instituted the title of International Grandmaster in 1950; Tartakower was in the first group of players to receive that title. Fédération Internationale des Échecs or World Chess Federation is an international organization that connects the various national Chess federations around the The title Grandmaster is awarded to extremely strong Chess masters by the world chess organization FIDE. Year 1950 ( MCML) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. In 1953, he won French Chess Championship in Paris. The French Chess Championship is the yearly national Chess tournament of France [4]
He died on February 4, 1956, in Paris. Events 211 - Roman Emperor Septimius Severus dies leaving the Roman Empire in the hands of his two quarrelsome sons Year 1956 ( MCMLVI) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city
Personality and chess contributions
Tartakower is regarded as one of the most notable chess personalities of his time. Harry Golombek translated Tartakower's book of his best games, and in the forward wrote:
- Dr. Harry Golombek OBE ( March 1[[ 911]]– January 7 1995) was a British Chess International Master and honorary grandmaster Tartakower is far and away the most cultured and the wittiest of all the chess masters I have ever met. Wit is a form of intellectual Humour. A wit (person is someone skilled in making witty remarks His extremely well stored mind and ever-flowing native wit make conversation with him a perpetual delight. So much so that I count it as one of the brightest attractions an international tournament can hold out for me that Dr. Tartakower should also be one of the participants. His talk and thought are rather like a modernized blend of Spinoza and Voltaire; and with it all a dash of paradoxical originality that is essential Tartakower. Baruch or Benedict de Spinoza (ברוך שפינוזה Bento de Espinosa Benedictus de Spinoza ( November 24, 1632 – February 21, François-Marie Arouet ( 21 November 1694 30 May 1778) better known by the Pen name Voltaire, was a French
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A talented chess player, Tartakower is also known for his countless aphorisms, which are sometimes called Tartakoverisms. One of the variations of the Dutch Defence is named after him. The Dutch Defence is a Chess opening characterised by the moves 1 The Tartakower Defence in the Queen's Gambit Declined (also known as the Tartakower-Makogonov–Bondarevsky System) also bears his name. The Queen's Gambit Declined (QGD is a Chess opening characterized by the opening moves 1 As does the most common variation of the Torre Attack. The Torre Attack is a Chess opening characterized by the moves (in algebraic notation) 1 He is alleged to be the inventor of the Orangutan Opening 1. The Sokolsky Opening (also known as the Orangutan or Polish Opening) is an uncommon Chess opening: 1 b4 . . . , so named after Tartakower fell in love with a great ape during his visit to the zoo whilst playing in the great 1924 tournament in New York. Tartakower originated the Catalan Opening at Barcelona 1929. The Catalan is a Chess opening which can be considered to be White adopting a mixture of the Queen's Gambit and Réti Opening: White plays d4 Barcelona ( Catalan bəɾsəˈlonə Spanish baɾθeˈlona is the capital and most populous city of the Autonomous Community of Catalonia This system starts with 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. g3. It remains very popular today at all levels.
Capablanca scored +5-0=7 against Tartakower, but they had many hard fights. After their fighting draw in London 1922 (where Tartakower played his new defense), Capablanca said, "You are lacking in solidity", and Tartakower replied in his usual banter, "That is my saving grace". London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Year 1922 ( MCMXXII) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. But in Capablanca's reports of the 1939 Chess Olympiad in Buenos Aires for the Argentinian newspaper Crítica, he wrote:
- The Polish team … is captained and led by Dr S. Year 1939 ( MCMXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Chess Olympiad is a Biennial Chess tournament in which teams from all over the world compete against each other Buenos Aires is the Capital and largest city of Argentina. It is geographically located on the southern shore of the Río de la Plata, on the southeastern For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Argentina topics. Tartakower, a master with profound knowledge and great imagination, qualities which make him a formidable adversary. … Luckily for the others, the Polish team has only one Tartakower.
Sugden and Damsky stated that like other chess players of all ages and ranks among whom there is generally no lack of idiosyncrasy-or little superstition, Tartakower, a trenchant wit, took a most unsightly old hat with him from tournament to tournament. "He would only wear it on the last round and he would win. Notably this hat did not guarantee him success in casinos, which he visited as though it were a job of work. The roulette table would regularly acquire both the Grandmaster's prizes and the numerous fees from his endless string of articles. "[1]
Quotations
- "It's always better to sacrifice your opponent's men. "
- "An isolated pawn spreads gloom all over the chessboard. The pawn (♙♟ is the weakest and most numerous piece in the Game of Chess, representing Infantry "
- "The blunders are all there on the board, waiting to be made. "
- "The winner of the game is the player who makes the next-to-last mistake. "
- "The move is there, but you must see it. " (Horowitz 1971:137)
- "No game was ever won by resigning. Ksawery Tartakower (Russian Савелий Григорьевич Тартаковер generally known as Saviely or Savielly Tartakower in English less often "
- "I never defeated a healthy opponent. " This quotation refers to players who blame an illness, sometimes imaginary, for their loss.
- "Tactics is knowing what to do when there is something to do. Strategy is knowing what to do when there is nothing to do. "
Writings of Savielly Tartakower
- 500 Master Games of Chess by Savielly Tartakower and Julius du Mont, Dover Publications, June 1, 1975, ISBN 0-486-23208-5. Julius du Mont ( December 15, 1881, Paris - April 7, 1956, Hastings, England) was a pianist piano teacher (Previously published in two volumes by G. Bell & Sons, 1952. )
- Bréviaire des échecs, one of the best known introductory texts for chess in the French language.
- My Best Games Of Chess 1905-1954 by S. G. Tartakower, Dover Publications, 1985, ISBN 0-486-24807-0. The definitive recollection of Tartakower's career, written in his unique style; translated by Harry Golombek. Harry Golombek OBE ( March 1[[ 911]]– January 7 1995) was a British Chess International Master and honorary grandmaster
See also
Notes
- ^ a b John Sugden, Yakov Damsky (2005) p. Hypermodernism is a school of Chess thought which advocates controlling the centre of the board with distant pieces rather than with pawns, thus inviting the opponent 298
- ^ polbase.w.interia.pl/tabele.htm.
- ^ www.olimpbase.org.
- ^ http://heritageechecsfra.free.fr/interest.htm Heritage des Echecs Francais
References
- Horowitz, I. A. (1971), All About Chess, Collier Books
- John (TRN) Sugden, Yakov Damsky (Nov 30, 2005). Israel Albert Horowitz (often known as Al Horowitz or I A Horowitz) ( November 15 1907, in Brooklyn New York – January The Batsford Book Of Chess Records. Sterling Publishing Company. ISBN 0-7134-8946-4.
External links
- Kmoch, Hans (2004). Johann Joseph ("Hans" Kmoch ( July 25, 1894 – February 13, 1973) was an Austrian Dutch - American chess Grandmasters I Have Known: Sawielly Grigoriewitsch Tartakower. Chesscafe. com.
- Savielly Tartakower at ChessGames.com
- Ree, Hans (2006) Tartakower's Poetry
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