| Sava | |
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| Origin | Planica mountain, Slovenia (as Sava Dolinka) |
| Mouth | Danube, Belgrade, Serbia |
| Basin countries | Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Montenegro, Albania |
| Length | 990 km (with Sava Dolinka) |
| Source elevation | 1,222 m |
| Avg. Zagreb (ˈzɑːgrɛb is the Capital and the largest city of Croatia. Planica is an alpine Valley in northwestern Slovenia, extending south from the border town Rateče, not far from another well known ski Slovenia, officially the Republic of Slovenia (Republika Slovenija) is a Country in southern Central Europe bordering Italy to the west The Sava Dolinka is a headwater of the the river Sava in north western Slovenia. The Danube (In Donau from earlier Danuvius, Celtic *dānu, meaning "to flow run" Slovak and Polish Dunaj Belgrade (Београд Beograd is the Capital and largest city of Serbia. Serbia (Србија Srbija) officially the Republic of Serbia (Република Србија Republika Srbija) is a Landlocked Country A drainage basin is an extent of Land where Water from Rain or Snow melt drains downhill into a body of water such as a River, Slovenia, officially the Republic of Slovenia (Republika Slovenija) is a Country in southern Central Europe bordering Italy to the west Croatia (Hrvatska ˈxȓvatska officially the Republic of Croatia ( Republika Hrvatska) is a southern Central European country at the crossroads between Bosnia and Herzegovina ( Latin script: Bosna i Hercegovina, Cyrillic script: Босна и Херцеговина is a country on the Balkan Serbia (Србија Srbija) officially the Republic of Serbia (Република Србија Republika Srbija) is a Landlocked Country Montenegro ( British English) Montenegrin / Serbian: PLEASE DO NOT CHANGE THE LANGUAGES WITHOUT CONSENSUS ON THE TALK PAGE! This article is about the country in southern Europe For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Albania topics. The Sava Dolinka is a headwater of the the river Sava in north western Slovenia. discharge | 1,722 m³/s |
| Basin area | 95,719 km² |
The Sava (Bosnian, Croatian, Slovene: Sava; Serbian: Сава, Sava) is a river in Europe, a right side tributary of Danube at Belgrade. Bosnian language (Bosnian bosanski jezik) sometimes referred as Bosniak language or Bosniac language is a South Slavic language native Croatian language ( hrvatski jezik) is a South Slavic language which is used primarily in Croatia, by Croats in Bosnia and Herzegovina in neighbouring Slovene or Slovenian ( slovenski jezik or slovenščina, not to be confused with Slovenčina) is a South Slavic language Serbian (sr-Cyrl српски језик sr-Latn ''srpski jezik'' is a South Slavic language, The Danube (In Donau from earlier Danuvius, Celtic *dānu, meaning "to flow run" Slovak and Polish Dunaj Belgrade (Београд Beograd is the Capital and largest city of Serbia. It is 945 km long and drains 95,719 km² of surface area. It flows through four countries: Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina (making its northern border) and Serbia. Slovenia, officially the Republic of Slovenia (Republika Slovenija) is a Country in southern Central Europe bordering Italy to the west Croatia (Hrvatska ˈxȓvatska officially the Republic of Croatia ( Republika Hrvatska) is a southern Central European country at the crossroads between Bosnia and Herzegovina ( Latin script: Bosna i Hercegovina, Cyrillic script: Босна и Херцеговина is a country on the Balkan Serbia (Србија Srbija) officially the Republic of Serbia (Република Србија Republika Srbija) is a Landlocked Country
Contents |
Length
The Sava is created by two headwaters, Sava Dolinka (left) and Sava Bohinjka (right) which join between the Slovenian towns of Lesce and Radovljica. Lesce is a town in the Radovljica municipality in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia. Radovljica is a Town and a Municipality in the Northern part of Slovenia, in the Upper Carniola region From there until it joins the Danube at Belgrade, Serbia, it is 945 km long (of which From the source of its longer headwater, Sava Dolinka, in the north-western, Alpine region of Slovenia, it measures 990 km. The Danube (In Donau from earlier Danuvius, Celtic *dānu, meaning "to flow run" Slovak and Polish Dunaj Belgrade (Београд Beograd is the Capital and largest city of Serbia.
Through the Danube, it belongs to the Black Sea drainage basin, and represents the Danube's longest right tributary and second longest of all, after Tisa. The Black Sea is an inland Sea bounded by southeastern Europe, the Caucasus and the Anatolian peninsula ( Turkey "Tisa" redirects here For other uses see Tisa (disambiguation and Tisza (disambiguation. It was once the longest river flowing completely within Yugoslavia proper, but after the breakup of the country in 1991, it now flows through four countries. See also Kingdom of Yugoslavia, Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Yugoslavia ( Serbo-Croatian
Origin
The 45 km long Sava Dolinka starts as the Nadiža Creek in the Planica Valley under Zadnja Ponca in the Julian Alps, at the altitude of 1,222 m, near the Italian border. The Sava Dolinka is a headwater of the the river Sava in north western Slovenia. Planica is an alpine Valley in northwestern Slovenia, extending south from the border town Rateče, not far from another well known ski The Julian Alps (Julijske Alpe Alpi Giulie are a Mountain range of the Southern Limestone Alps that stretches from north-eastern Italy to Slovenia The stream goes underground and after 5 km breaks out again at the height of 842 m in Zelenci, near Kranjska Gora. Zelénci is a spring that is the source of the river Sava Dolinka, a tributary of the Danube. Kranjska Gora (German Kronau) population 1605 is a town and a municipality in north-west Slovenia, close to the Austrian and Italian A notable (left) tributary of it is the Radovna, which flows through a beautiful gorge called "Blejski Vintgar". The Sava Dolinka flows through the cities of Kranjska Gora, Gozd Martuljek, Jesenice, near Bled and Lesce. Jesenice, is a Town and a municipality in Slovenia, on the Slovene side of the Karavanke mountain range bordering Austria to the north Bled (Veldes is a Municipality in northwestern Slovenia in the region of Upper Carniola. The first in a series of hydroelectric plants on the river, "Moste" (22. 5 MW) is located near Žirovnica. Žirovnica is a municipality in Slovenia. The municipality borders with the municipalities of Bled, Jesenice, Radovljica and Tržič
The shorter, 31 km long Sava Bohinjka originates under the Komarča Ridge at the altitude of 805 m, from underground sources drained from the Triglav Lakes Valley. The Sava Bohinjka is a headwater of the Sava River in northwestern Slovenia. The Triglav Lakes Valley ( Slovene: Dolina Triglavskih jezer) is a rocky hanging Valley in the Julian Alps in Slovenia, below the sheer Until Lake Bohinj, the river is known as Savica ("little Sava"), and features a 60 m high waterfall ("Slap Savica") at its source. Lake Bohinj (Bohinjsko jezero is the largest permanent Lake in Slovenia. Then it flows through the Ukanc Gorge, where a 3 MW power plant "Savica" is located. Then it flows into Lake Bohinj, creating a small delta. Lake Bohinj (Bohinjsko jezero is the largest permanent Lake in Slovenia. Afterwards, as Sava Bohinjka, it flows through Bohinjska Bistrica, Bohinjska Bela and close to Lake Bled, before it meets Sava Dolinka near Radovljica. The Sava Bohinjka is a headwater of the Sava River in northwestern Slovenia. Bohinjska Bistrica is the largest settlement in the Bohinj municipality in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia. Bohinjska Bela is a village in the Bled municipality in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia. Lake Bled (Blejsko jezero Veldeser See is a Glacial lake in the Julian Alps in northwestern Slovenia, where it adjoins the town of Bled.
Geography
The Sava drains an area of 95,719 km², including 115 km² in northern Albania. This article is about the country in southern Europe For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Albania topics. Its average discharge at Zagreb, Croatia, is 255 m³/s, while in Belgrade its amassed to 1,722 m³/s. Zagreb (ˈzɑːgrɛb is the Capital and the largest city of Croatia. It also gets very deep, up to 28-30 m near villages of Hrtkovci and Bosut, in Serbia. Hrtkovci (Serbian Хртковци, Hungarian Herkóca) is a village in Serbia. Serbia (Србија Srbija) officially the Republic of Serbia (Република Србија Republika Srbija) is a Landlocked Country In Serbia it creates several big river islands (adas), including Podgorička ada near Provo and 2. 7 km² Ada Ciganlija in Belgrade, the most popular Belgrade resort. Ada Ciganlija or colloquially just Ada ( Serbian Cyrillic Ада Циганлија, 'ada t͡siga'nlija is a river island, artificially The island has been connected to the right bank of the river with three causeways creating an artificial lake called "Lake Sava" with an area of 0. 8 km². It is nicknamed "Belgrade Sea" and it is known to attract up to 350,000 visitors daily in the summer season.
The river has high electricity production potential in its upper course, up to 3. 2 (including tributaries 4. 7) billion kWh, which has not been used until lately. Apart from already mentioned two power plants, there is a third, on the Sava itself, "Medvode" (17. 8 MW), near Ljubljana. There are also several hydroelectric plants under construction, of which "Vrhovo" and "Boštanj" have already begun electricity production.
The river bed is not regulated for the most of its length. That causes floods from time to time, which can affect as much as 5,000 km² of mostly very fertile land (Posavina, Sava Valley). Posavina ( Serbian, Croatian and Slovenian Posavina, Serbian Cyrillic Посавина is a Slavic name for the Sava river In October 1964 Sava flooded Zagreb almost to the center, causing heavy damages and human casualties, after which high levees were built. Dike (constructionEmbankmentA levee, levée, dike (or dyke) embankment, floodbank or stopbank is a natural or artificial In 1981 and April 2006, the Sava flooded lower parts of Belgrade. In 1977 & 1980 both federal and inter-republican agreements were signed about Sava's regulation, which were supposed to regulate its waters to prevent flooding, build new power stations, establish full navigation to Zagreb and ecologically protect its waters, with the final deadline being the year 2000. However, not much was done and Yugoslavia itself broke up in 1991.
East of Ljubljana, the Sava flows through a 90 km long gorge and afterwards the Brežiško - krško polje. Ljubljana ( is the largest and Capital city of Slovenia. It is located in the center of the country and is a mid-sized city of some 270000 inhabitants As the Pannonian Sea receded, the Sava grew longer and longer, carving the Sava Trench (Savski rov) through which it flows to the east. The Pannonian Sea was a shallow ancient sea located in the area today known as the Pannonian Plain in Central Europe. Together with lower courses of Bosnian rivers which became its tributaries, it created huge floodplains. Becoming wide (at Šabac its 680 m wide, while on its mouth only 280 m), the Sava begins to meander and in history changed course many times, being pushed by the gentle slope of the Pannonian bed to the south and by the force of its many right tributaries to the north. Šabac (Шабац Hungarian: Szabács, Turkish: Böğürdelen is a city and municipality located in Serbia at 44 Old riverbeds turned into swamps and ponds known as mrtvaja (dead water) and starača (old water) in Serbian. Serbian (sr-Cyrl српски језик sr-Latn ''srpski jezik'' is a South Slavic language, The best known is one of the biggest ponds in Serbia and one of the biggest wild birds reservation areas in Europe, Obedska bara. Obedska bara (Obedska pond or Obedska bog Serbian Cyrillic: Обедска бара is a large Swamp - Forest area and Natural reserve stretching
Major tributaries
Right tributaries: in Slovenia: Sora, Ljubljanica, Mirna and Krka; in Croatia: Kupa and Sunja; on Croatian-Bosnian border: Una; in Bosnia: Vrbaška, Vrbas, Ukrina, Bosna, Brka, Tinja, Lukovac and Dašnica; On Bosnian-Serbian border: Drina; in Serbia: Jerez, Kolubara and Topčiderska reka;
Left tributaries: in Slovenia: Kokra, Kamniška Bistrica and Savinja; on Slovenian-Croatian border: Sotla/Sutla; in Croatia: Lonja and Orljava; in Serbia: Bosut;
Settlements
The Sava connects three European capitals: Ljubljana in Slovenia, Zagreb in Croatia and Belgrade in Serbia. Sora is a River of Slovenia. The river is 51 km in length See also List of rivers of Slovenia The Ljubljanica is a River in Slovenia. It is 41 km long and some 20 km of its course lies underground in Caves so the river has seven names (six name The Krka is a river in the Slovenian Region of Lower Carniola with a length of around 111 km. The Kupa ( Croatian) or Kolpa ( Slovene) river forms a natural border between north-west Croatia and southeast Slovenia. Una is a river flowing through Croatia and the western part of Bosnia and Herzegovina; in its middle and lower course it is a border between the two countries The Vrbas is a major River in western Bosnia and Herzegovina. This article is about the River Bosna For the region see Bosnia (region, for other uses of the term Bosna / Bosnia see Bosnia (disambiguation. The Drina ( Serbian and Bosnian: Дрина or Drina) is a river in the Balkan Peninsula. The Jerez ( Serbian Cyrillic: Јерез) is a river in western Serbia, a 56 km-long right tributary to the Sava river The Kolubara ( Serbian Cyrillic: Колубара is the 123 km long river is western Serbia, the right tributary to the Sava river The Topčiderska Reka or colloquially Topčiderka ( Serbian Cyrillic: Топчидерска река or Топчидерка) is a river Kokra is a River of Slovenia. The river is 33 km in length See also List of rivers of Slovenia Kamniška Bistrica is an Alpine River in northern Slovenia, left tributary of the river Sava. The Savinja is a River in northeast Slovenia which flows mostly in the Upper and Lower Savinja valley (Zgornja in Spodnja Savinjska dolina and through the cities The river Sotla ( Slovenian) or Sutla ( Croatian) is a European River flowing through Slovenia and Croatia, mostly The Bosut ( Serbian Cyrillic: Босут) is a River in eastern Croatia and northwestern Serbia, a 186 km long left Belgrade (Београд Beograd is the Capital and largest city of Serbia. Serbia (Србија Srbija) officially the Republic of Serbia (Република Србија Republika Srbija) is a Landlocked Country Even though Ljubljana was built on Sava's tributary Ljubljanica, as the city grew bigger it included existing villages on Sava, like Črnuče or Zalog, so the Sava now flows through Ljubljana's outskirts (in the same way Sarajevo grew over its principal river Miljacka and urbanized areas around much longer river Bosna to the west). Črnuče is a neighborhood in the northern part of Ljubljana, Slovenia, on left bank of Sava River. TemplateInfobox City for more fields--> Sarajevo is the Capital city and largest urban center of Bosnia and Herzegovina, with The Miljacka is a River in Bosnia and Herzegovina that passes through Sarajevo. In both Zagreb and Belgrade, it divides old and new parts of the cities (Zagreb-Novi Zagreb, Belgrade-Novi Beograd). After Ljubljana, the Sava flows through Litija and the highly industrialized region of Zasavje, including the cities of Zagorje ob Savi, Trbovlje and Hrastnik, continuing past the important railway junction of Zidani Most, and on to Radeče, Sevnica, Krško, Brežice and Čatež after which it crosses into Croatia. Litija is a town and a municipality in Slovenia, located in the Sava River Valley Zagorje ob Savi is a town and a municipality in Slovenia. Trbovlje (population 16290 is a town and municipality in central Slovenia. Hrastnik is a town and a municipality in Zasavje region Slovenia. Zidani Most is a town in Slovenia and an important railway junction Radeče is settlement and municipality in Posavje, located in the central landscape of the Posavje Hills (Posavsko hribovje at the confluence of the Sopota stream and the The town Sevnica, situated on the left bank of the river Sava, is one of the largest towns in Slovenian region called Posavje and the seat of the Municipality of Sevnica Krško (Gurkfeld lies in the south-east part of Slovenia where the Sava valley widens up into the vast Brežiško - krško polje. Brežice (German Rann) is city and municipality in Slovenia in Posavje, near the Croatian border Passing through Zagreb and its suburbs, it continues through Sisak on the mouth of Kupa river, and Jasenovac, where it forms the border between Bosnia and Hercegovina and Croatia, with many dual settlements on both sides of the border: Gradiška/Stara Gradiška, Srbac/Davor, Bosanski Kobaš/Slavonski Kobaš, Bosanski Brod/Slavonski Brod, Bosanski Šamac/Slavonski Šamac, Orašje/Županja and Brčko/Gunja, soon after which it enters Serbia, where important places are: Jamena, Sremska Rača, Sremska Mitrovica, Klenak and Šabac. Zagreb (ˈzɑːgrɛb is the Capital and the largest city of Croatia. Sisak ( German: Sissek, Hungarian: Sziszek, Italian: Siscia) is a City in Gradiška ( Cyrillic: Градишка is a town and municipality in northwestern Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Stara Gradiška is a village and a municipality in the Brod-Posavina county of Croatia. Srbac ( Cyrillic: Србац formerly known as Svinjar (Свињар is a town and Municipality on the northern border of Bosnia and Herzegovina Davor is a municipality in Brod-Posavina County, Croatia. There are 3259 inhabitants of whom an absolute majority are Croats (2001 census Bosanski Brod ( Serbian: Босански Брод or Bosanski Brod; Bosnian: Bosanski Brod; Croatian: Bosanski Brod Slavonski Brod is a city in Croatia, with a population of 61823 in 2001. Also see Šamac (disambiguation Šamac ( Cyrillic: Шамац or Bosanski Šamac ( Cyrillic: Босански Шамац Also see Šamac (disambiguation Slavonski Šamac is a village and a port on the river Sava in Croatia. Orašje is a town in the northern part of Bosnia and Herzegovina, located on the river Sava on the border with Croatia. Links Official Site of Županja Unofficial Site of Županja Brčko ( Serbian, Bosnian, Croatian: Брчко ( Cyrillic) and Brčko ( Latin) is a city in northern Gunja is a village and municipality in the hinterland of the left banks of the Sava in the region of Spačva, Croatia, 31 Jamena (Јамена is a village in the region of Srem, southwestern Vojvodina, Serbia. Sremska Rača (Сремска Рача is a village in Serbia. Sremska Mitrovica ( Serbian Cyrillic: Сремска Митровица is a city and municipality located Then it flows through the Belgrade suburbs of Zabrežje, Obrenovac, Umka and Ostružnica until it finally empties into the Danube in Belgrade. Obrenovac (Обреновац is a town and municipality located in Serbia at 44 Location and geography Umka is located 22 km south-west of Belgrade on the right bank of the Sava river Belgrade (Београд Beograd is the Capital and largest city of Serbia.
Navigation & traffic
The Sava is navigable for 593 km, from its confluence with the Danube until the mouth of the Kupa at Sisak. New Railroad Bridge ( Serbian: Нови железнички мост Serbian (Latin: Novi železnički most) is a bridge over the Sava Belgrade (Београд Beograd is the Capital and largest city of Serbia. The Kupa ( Croatian) or Kolpa ( Slovene) river forms a natural border between north-west Croatia and southeast Slovenia. Sisak ( German: Sissek, Hungarian: Sziszek, Italian: Siscia) is a City in Smaller crafts can navigate further upstream until Zagreb, but the plans of dredging it to become fully navigable are scrapped. Zagreb (ˈzɑːgrɛb is the Capital and the largest city of Croatia. The river is open for international flowing and conditions with regard to available depth are varying according to the meteorological circumstances. [1]
The Sava Valley is also a natural route for land traffic, which includes the railway and highway Belgrade-Zagreb and routes of oil and gas pipelines from Croatia to Serbia. As a result of all this traffic and densely populated and industrialized areas it flows through, the river is very polluted and not much has been done to improve its conditions.
Tradition
"Krst pri Savici" (English: Baptism at Savica) is a heroic epic poem written by the most influential Slovenian poet France Prešeren. English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States France Prešeren, also known in the Germanized version as Franz Prescheren (1800–1849 was a Slovene Romantic Poet.
Even though name Sava became very common among (and not only South) Slavs, especially as a form of personal name, either male or female, and got a 'Slavic tone', the river's name is not Slavic but Celtic and Roman in origin, who called it Savus. The Slavic languages (also called Slavonic languages) a group of closely related Languages of the Slavic peoples and a subgroup of Indo-European languages The Celtic languages are descended from Proto-Celtic, or "Common Celtic" a branch of the greater Indo-European Language family. Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. The old Celts associated their river goddess Adsullata with the river Savus. Celts (ˈkɛlts or /ˈsɛlts/, see Names of the Celts In Celtic mythology, Adsullata was a river goddess associated with the River Savus (Sava in the Balkans.
Geopolitics
According to some, the Sava represents the north-western boundary of the Balkan peninsula. With the changes of the political climate, the boundary also changed. In Yugoslav times it was considered that the whole Sava is the border (thus promoting mutuality among different Yugoslav nations), which placed even parts of Italy (Trieste area) as a part of the Balkan peninsula. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Trieste (Trieste Slovene and Croatian: Trst; German: Triest) is a city and port in northeastern Italy very near to After splitting from Yugoslavia, the border was set by some to be the Sava-Kolpa/Kupa line (Kolpa forms a part of southern Slovenian border, with Croatia), and then to the Adriatic.
References
- Mala Prosvetina Enciklopedija, Third edition (1985), Vol. I (for Balkan peninsula) & III (for Sava river); Prosveta; ISBN 86-07-00001-2
- Jovan Đ. Marković (1990): Enciklopedijski geografski leksikon Jugoslavije; Svjetlost-Sarajevo; ISBN 86-01-02651-6
Footnotes
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