 Sapporo's location in Hokkaidō, Japan. WikipediaWikiProject Japanese prefectures for guidelines --> formerly known as Ezo, Yezo, Yeso, or Yesso, is Japan 's For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. |
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| Location | |
| Country | Japan |
| Region | Hokkaidō |
| Prefecture | Hokkaidō |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Area | 1,121. In Political geography and International politics, a country is a Political division of a geographical entity For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. The Regions of Japan are not official administrative units but have been traditionally used as the regional division of Japan in a number of contexts WikipediaWikiProject Japanese prefectures for guidelines --> formerly known as Ezo, Yezo, Yeso, or Yesso, is Japan 's The prefectures of Japan are the country's 47 sub-national Jurisdictions one "metropolis" (都 to) Tokyo; one " circuit WikipediaWikiProject Japanese prefectures for guidelines --> formerly known as Ezo, Yezo, Yeso, or Yesso, is Japan 's Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 12 km² (432. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 87 sq mi) |
| Population (as of March 2007) | |
| Total | 1,890,561 |
| Density | 1,686 /km² (4,367 /sq mi) |
| Location | |
| Symbols | |
| Tree | Lilac |
| Flower | Lily of the valley |
| Bird | Common cuckoo |
 Flag |
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| Sapporo Government Office | |
| Mayor | Fumio Ueda |
| Address | 〒060-8611 2-1-1 Kita-ichijō-nishi, Chūō-ku, Sapporo-shi, Hokkaidō |
| Phone number | 011-211-2111 |
| Official website: City of Sapporo | |
Sapporo (札幌市 Sapporo-shi?) listen is the fifth-largest city in Japan by population. |||} A is a local administrative unit in Japan. Cities are ranked on the same level as and, with the difference that they are not a component of. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. It is the capital of Hokkaidō Prefecture, located in Ishikari Subprefecture, and an ordinance-designated city of Japan. |||} A is a local administrative unit in Japan. Cities are ranked on the same level as and, with the difference that they are not a component of. WikipediaWikiProject Japanese prefectures for guidelines --> formerly known as Ezo, Yezo, Yeso, or Yesso, is Japan 's is a subprefecture of Hokkaidō prefecture, Japan, located in the western part of the island
Sapporo is best known outside Japan for hosting the 1972 Winter Olympics, and the annual Yuki Matsuri in the city, internationally referred to as the Sapporo Snow Festival, which draws more than 2 million tourists from around the world. The 1972 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XI Olympic Winter Games, were a Winter Multi-sport event which was celebrated from The Sapporo Snow Festival (さっぽろ雪まつり Sapporo Yuki-matsuri) is a famous festival held annually in Sapporo, Japan over seven days in February The city is also home to the eponymous Sapporo Breweries. is a Japanese Beer brewer. Their world headquarters is located in Ebisu, Shibuya Tokyo.
Contents |
History
Early history
Prior to its establishment, the area occupied by Sapporo (known as the Ishikari Plain) was home to a number of indigenous Ainu settlements. ʔáinu (also called Ezo in historical texts are an ethnic group indigenous to Hokkaidō, the Kuril Islands, and much of Sakhalin. In 1866 at the end of the Edo Period construction began on a canal through the area, encouraging a number of early settlers to establish Sapporo village. The, also referred to as the Tokugawa period (徳川時代 Tokugawa-jidai) is a division of Japanese history running from 1603 to 1868 [1] The settlement's name was taken from the Ainu language, and can be translated as "large river running through a plain".
In 1868 (the officially recognised year celebrated as the 'birth' of Sapporo), the new Meiji government concluded that the existing administrative center of Hokkaidō, which at the time was the port of Hakodate, was in an unsuitable location for defense and further development of the island. The, or Meiji era, denotes the 45-year reign of the Meiji Emperor, running in the Gregorian calendar, from 23 October 1868 to 30 July is a city and port located in Oshima, Hokkaidō, Japan. It is the capital city of Oshima Subprefecture As a result it was determined that a new capital on the Ishikari Plain should be established. The plain itself provided an unusually large expanse of flat, well drained land which is relatively uncommon in the otherwise mountainous geography of Hokkaidō.
During 1870-1871, Kuroda Kiyotaka, vice-chairman of the Hokkaidō Development Commission (Kaitaku-shi) approached the American government for assistance in developing the land resulting in Horace Capron (O-yatoi gaikokujin), Secretary of Agriculture under President Ulysses S. Grant being appointed as a special advisor to the commission. ( 16 October 1840 - 23 August 1900) also known as Kuroda Ryōsuke (黑田 了介 was a Japanese Politician Horace Capron ( August 31, 1804 – February 22, 1885) was an American businessman and agriculturalist a founder of Laurel Maryland Ulysses S Grant, born Hiram Ulysses Grant (April 27 1822 &ndash July 23 1885 was an American general and the eighteenth President of the United States Construction began around a park, Odori Koen, which still remains as a green ribbon of recreational land bisecting the central area of the city. The city closely followed the American-style grid plan with streets at right-angles to form city blocks. The grid plan or gridiron plan is a type of City plan in which Streets run at right angles to each other forming a grid.
The continuing expansion of the Japanese into Hokkaidō continued, mainly due to migration from the main island of Honshū immediately to the south, and the prosperity of Hokkaidō and particularly its capital grew to the point that the Development Commission was deemed unnecessary and was abolished in 1882. or Honshu is the largest Island of Japan. The nation's main island, it is south of Hokkaidō across the Tsugaru Strait, north of
Edwin Dun (O-yatoi gaikokujin) came to Sapporo to make farms of sheep and cattle in 1876. Edwin Dun ( June 19, 1848 &ndash May 15, 1931) was a Rancher from Ohio who was employed as an O-yatoi gaikokujin He also demonstrated pig farming and the making of butter, cheese, ham and sausage. He married a Japanese woman. He once went back to the States in 1883 but returned to Japan as a secretary of government.
William Smith Clark (O-yatoi gaikokujin) who was the president of the Massachusetts Agricultural College (now The University of Massachusetts Amherst) came to be the founding vice-president of Sapporo Agricultural College (now Hokkaido University) for only eight months from 1876 to 1877. William Smith Clark ( July 31, 1826 – March 9, 1886) was a Professor, Massachusetts State Senator, third president was a school in Sapporo established in the purpose of education of student who would pioneer Hokkaidō by Kaitakushi the local government of Hokkaidō in those days or, is one of the leading national universities of Japan. It is situated in downtown Sapporo, just north of Sapporo Station, and stretching approximately He taught academic subjects in science and lectured on the Bible as an "ethics" course, introducing Christian principles to the first entering class of the College.
In 1880, the entire area of Sapporo was renamed as "Sapporo-ku" (Sapporo Ward) ,[2] and a railroad between Sapporo and Temiya, Otaru was laid. is a city and port located in Shiribeshi, Hokkaidō, Japan, northwest of Sapporo. The Hōheikan, a hotel and reception facility for the very important person, was erected adjacent to the Odori Park, which was moved and is now located in Nakajima Park. is a park located in the heart of Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan. Odori (大通 means "large street" in Japanese Two years later, with the abolition of the Kaitaku-shi, Hokkaidō was divided into three prefectures: Hakodate, Sapporo, and Nemuro. The name of the urban district in Sapporo remained Sapporo-ku, while the rest of the area in Sapporo-ku was changed to Sapporo-gun. The was most recently used as an administrative unit in Japan between 1878 and 1921 and is roughly equivalent to the County of the United States, ranking at the level below The office building of Sapporo-ku was also located in the urban district. [2]
Sapporo, Hakodate, and Nemuro Prefectures were abolished in 1886, and Hokkaidō government office building, an American-neo-baroque-style structure with red bricks, constructed in 1888. is an American- Neo-baroque structure constructed in 1888 as a base of the Hokkaidō administration Neo-Baroque is a term used to describe artistic creations which display important aspects of Baroque style but are not from the Baroque period proper around the 17th-18th The last squad of the Tonden-hei, the soldier pioneering Hokkaidō, settled in the place where the area of Tonden in Kita-ku, Sapporo is currently located. is a ward of Sapporo composed of residential neighborhoods mostly arranged in grid patterns and each built surrounding a train station broken up by areas of farmland and some
Sapporo-ku has administered surrounding Sapporo-gun until 1899, when the new district system was announced. After that year, Sapporo-ku was away from the control of Sapporo-gun. [2] The "ku" (district) enforced from 1899 was an autonomy which was a little bigger than towns, and smaller than cities. In Hokkaidō at that time, Hakodate-ku and Otaru-ku also existed.
Modern History (20th century)
In 1907, the Tohoku Imperial University was established in Sendai in Miyagi Prefecture, and Sapporo Agricultural College was controlled by the University. is an American- Neo-baroque structure constructed in 1888 as a base of the Hokkaidō administration abbreviated to, located in the city of Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture in the Tōhoku Region, Japan, is one of Japan's most prestigious national universities is the capital city of Miyagi Prefecture, Japan, and the largest city in the Tōhoku (northeast region WikipediaWikiProject Japanese prefectures for guidelines--> is a prefecture of Japan located in the Tōhoku Region on Honshū island was a school in Sapporo established in the purpose of education of student who would pioneer Hokkaidō by Kaitakushi the local government of Hokkaidō in those days Parts of neighbouring villages including Sapporo Village, Naebo Village, Kami Shiroishi Village, and districts where Tonden-hei has settled, were integrated into Sapporo-ku in 1910.
The Sapporo Street Car was opened in 1918, and Hokkaidō Imperial University was established in Sapporo-ku, as the fifth Imperial University in Japan. The is a Tram network of Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan. It is operated by Sapporo City Transportation Bureau. The title Imperial university should literally denote a university established under an Empire, however many universities have adopted the title simply to add a sense of prestige The another railroad operated in Sapporo, Jōzankei Railroad was also opened, which was ultimately abolished in 1969.
In 1922, the new city system was announced by the Tokyo government, and Sapporo-ku was officially transferred to the Sapporo City. [1] The Sapporo Municipal Bus System was started in 1930. In 1937, Sapporo was chosen as the site of 1940 Winter Olympics, but due to the outbreak of Second Sino-Japanese War, this was cancelled in the next year. The anticipated 1940 Winter Olympics, which would have been officially known as the V Olympic Winter Games, were to be celebrated in 1940 in Sapporo, The Second Sino-Japanese War ( July 7, 1937 to September 9, 1945) was a major war fought between the Republic of China and the Maruyama Town was integrated into a part of the Chūō-ku in 1940, and the Okadama Airport was constructed in 1942. is an Airport located 6 km north of the city center of Sapporo, Japan. The first Sapporo Snow Festival was held in 1950. The Sapporo Snow Festival (さっぽろ雪まつり Sapporo Yuki-matsuri) is a famous festival held annually in Sapporo, Japan over seven days in February In the same year, adjacent Shiroishi Village was integrated into Sapporo City, rendered as a part of Shiroishi-ku, and Atsubetsu-ku. [3] In 1955, Kotoni Town, the entire Sapporo Village, and Shinoro Village were merged into Sapporo, becoming a part of the current Chūō-ku, Kita-ku, Higashi-ku, Nishi-ku, and Teine-ku. [3] The expansion of Sapporo continued, with the merger of Toyohira Town in 1961, and Teine Town in 1967, each became as a part of Toyohira-ku, Kiyota-ku, and Teine-ku. [3]
The ceremony commemorating 100th anniversary of the foundation of Sapporo and Hokkaidō was held in 1968. The Sapporo Municipal Subway system was inaugurated in 1971, which made Sapporo the fourth city having subway system in Japan. is the Rapid transit system in Sapporo Hokkaido, Japan. It is operated by the Sapporo City Transportation Bureau. On February 3rd to 13th, 1972, 1972 Winter Olympics was held, which was the first Winter Olympics held in Asia,[1] and on April 1st of the same year, Sapporo was designated as one of the cities designated by government ordinance, and seven wards were established. The 1972 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XI Olympic Winter Games, were a Winter Multi-sport event which was celebrated from A, also known as a or, is a Japanese city that has a population greater than 500000 and has been designated as such by an order of the Cabinet of Japan under Article [3] The Sapporo Municipal Subway was expanded when the Tōzai line was started its operation in 1976, and Tōho line was opened in 1988. In 1989, Atsubetsu-ku and Teine-ku were separated from Shiroishi-ku and Nishi-ku. Annual events in Sapporo were started, such as the Pacific Music Festival in 1990, and Yosakoi Sōran Festival in 1992. A professional football club, Consadole Sapporo, was established in 1996. is a Japanese professional football (soccer club currently playing in the J-league Division 1 In 1997, Kiyota-ku was separated from Toyohira-ku. In the same year, Hokkaidō Takushoku Bank, a Hokkaidō based bank that placed its headquarter in Odori, went bankrupt. literally Hokkaidō Exploitation Bank, was one of major Commercial banks in Japan, founded in 1899 as a "Special Bank" to promote capitalization on the [4]
Modern History (21st century)
In 2001, the construction of the Sapporo Dome was completed, and in the year of 2002, the Dome hosted 3 games during the 2002 FIFA World Cup, Germany vs Saudi Arabia, Argentina vs England and Italy vs Ecuador, all of which were in the first round. The is a Stadium located in Toyohira-ku Sapporo, Japan, and is primarily used for football and Baseball. The 2002 FIFA World Cup, the 17th staging of the World Cup, was held in South Korea and Japan from May 31 to June 30. The present mayor of Sapporo, Fumio Ueda, was elected as the mayor for the first time in 2003. Sapporo became the home to a baseball team, Hokkaido Nippon Ham Fighters, in 2004, which won the championship in 2006, and the victory parade was held on Ekimae-Dōri (a street in front of Sapporo Station) in February 2007. The are a professional Baseball team in Japan's Pacific League. is a Train station located in Kita-ku and Chūō-ku, Sapporo Hokkaidō, Japan.
Geography
Sapporo is a city located in the southwest part of Ishikari Plain and the alluvial fan of the Toyohira River, a tributary stream of the Ishikari River. An alluvial fan is a fan -shaped deposit formed where a fast flowing Stream flattens slows and spreads typically at the exit of a Canyon onto The Toyohira River (豊平川 Toyohira-gawa) is a River in Hokkaidō prefecture, Japan. The is a river in Hokkaidō, Japan. 268 km in length (third longest in Japan and longest in Hokkaidō it has a drainage area of 14330 km² (second largest in Japan [5] Roadways in the urban district are laid to make grid plan road. The grid plan or gridiron plan is a type of City plan in which Streets run at right angles to each other forming a grid. The western and southern part of Sapporo are occupied by a number of mountains including Mount Teine, Maruyama, and Mount Moiwa, as well as a lot of rivers including the Ishikari River, Toyohira River, and Sousei River.
Sapporo has many parks, and among them, Odori Park is located in the heart of the City and is one of the places that a number of annual events and festivals are held throughout the year. is a park located in the heart of Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan. Odori (大通 means "large street" in Japanese Moerenuma Park is also one of the largest parks in Sapporo, and was constructed under the plan of Isamu Noguchi, a Japanese-American artist and landscape architect. is a municipal park located in Higashi-ku, Sapporo, Japan. The park has some playground equipments, outdoor sports fields and objects which are designed was a prominent Japanese American Artist and landscape architect whose artistic career spanned six decades from the 1920s onward
Neighbouring cities are Ishikari, Ebetsu, Kitahiroshima, Eniwa, Chitose, Otaru, Date, and towns are Tōbetsu, Kimobetsu, Kyōgoku, and a village is Akaigawa. is a city located in Ishikari Subprefecture, Hokkaidō, Japan. is a city located in Ishikari, Hokkaidō, Japan. History Ebetsu was settled originally by Japanese people in 1871 that came from is a city located in Ishikari, Hokkaidō, Japan. As of 2008 the city has an estimated Population of 60977 and the density of is a city located in Ishikari, Hokkaidō, Japan. As of 2008 the city has an estimated Population of 68533 and the density is a city located in Ishikari, Hokkaidō, Japan and home to the New Chitose Airport, the biggest international airport in Hokkaidō is a city and port located in Shiribeshi, Hokkaidō, Japan, northwest of Sapporo. is a city located in Iburi, Hokkaidō, Japan. As of 2008 the city has an estimated Population of 37247 and the density of 83 is a town located in Ishikari District, Ishikari, Hokkaidō, Japan. is a town located in Abuta District, Shiribeshi, Hokkaidō, Japan. is a town located in Abuta District, Shiribeshi, Hokkaidō, Japan, at the foot of Mount Yōtei. is a village located in Yoichi District, Shiribeshi, Hokkaidō, Japan.
Climate
Sapporo has a humid continental climate (Koppen Dfa), with a wide range of temperature between the summer and winter. The humid continental climate is a Climate found over large areas of land masses in the temperate regions of the mid-latitudes where there is a zone of conflict between The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems It was developed by Wladimir Köppen, a German climatologist Summers are generally hot and humid, and winters quite cold and snowy. It snows a lot in winter, enabling it to hold events and festivals with snow statues and objects. Boasting 630 cm ( 248 inches) on average,[6], one of the few metropolises in the world with such heavy snowfall. [7] The city's annual average precipitation is around 1,100 mm (43 inches), and the mean annual temperature is 8. 5°C (47°F). [5]
Wards
Sapporo has ten wards (区 ku?):
| Atsubetsu-ku (厚別区?) (purple) |
| Chūō-ku (中央区?) (blue) |
| Higashi-ku (東区?) (skyblue) |
| Kita-ku (北区?) (orange-red) |
| Kiyota-ku (清田区?) (green) |
| Minami-ku (南区?) (red) |
| Nishi-ku (西区?) (orange) |
| Shiroishi-ku (白石区?) (brown) |
| Teine-ku (手稲区?) (forest green) |
| Toyohira-ku (豊平区?) (pink) |
Color shows the location of each ku in the map above. is a park located in the heart of Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan. Odori (大通 means "large street" in Japanese List of wards Chiba Chūō-ku Chiba Hanamigawa-ku Chiba Inage-ku Chiba Atsubetsu-ku Sapporo is one of the ten wards in Sapporo city Japan. Atsubetsu-ku Sapporo is one of the ten wards in Sapporo city Japan. is one of the ten wards in Sapporo city Japan. Chūō-ku means "central ward" in Japanese is one of the ten wards in Sapporo city Japan. Chūō-ku means "central ward" in Japanese is one of the 10 wards in Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan. It is directly translated as "east ward" and is neighboured to Kita-ku, Chūō-ku is one of the 10 wards in Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan. It is directly translated as "east ward" and is neighboured to Kita-ku, Chūō-ku is a ward of Sapporo composed of residential neighborhoods mostly arranged in grid patterns and each built surrounding a train station broken up by areas of farmland and some is a ward of Sapporo composed of residential neighborhoods mostly arranged in grid patterns and each built surrounding a train station broken up by areas of farmland and some is one of the 10 wards in Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan. It is respectively translated as "pure" or "clean" for "清" and "(rice is one of the 10 wards in Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan. It is respectively translated as "pure" or "clean" for "清" and "(rice is one of the 10 wards in Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan. Minami-ku is directly translated as "south ward" is one of the 10 wards in Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan. Minami-ku is directly translated as "south ward" Nishi (西区 -ku lit "west ward" is a ward of Sapporo composed of residential neighborhoods mostly arranged in grid patterns with some areas of farmland Nishi (西区 -ku lit "west ward" is a ward of Sapporo composed of residential neighborhoods mostly arranged in grid patterns with some areas of farmland Shiroishi-ku Sapporo is one of the ten wards in Sapporo city Japan. Shiroishi-ku Sapporo is one of the ten wards in Sapporo city Japan. is one of the 10 wards in Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan. The ward is located in northwest of Sapporo which is neighboured to three other wards in Sapporo and two cities is one of the 10 wards in Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan. The ward is located in northwest of Sapporo which is neighboured to three other wards in Sapporo and two cities is one of the 10 wards in Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan. The ward was established in 1972 when the Sapporo Olympics was held in Sapporo is one of the 10 wards in Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan. The ward was established in 1972 when the Sapporo Olympics was held in Sapporo
Economy
Sapporo is home to Sapporo Breweries Limited, the famous maker of beer. is a Japanese Beer brewer. Their world headquarters is located in Ebisu, Shibuya Tokyo.
Culture and entertainment
Sapporo is one of the popular tourist attractions in Japan, and as of 2006, the annual number of tourists had reached 14,104,000, which was an increase of 5. 9% over the previous year (13,323,000 in 2005) . [8] 2006 was also the first year for Sapporo when the number of tourists exceeded 14 million, in its history of tourism.
Cuisine
Sapporo is known as the birthplace of Miso Ramen,[9] a rāmen noodle using miso, and Sapporo Ramen is also widely known. is a Japanese Noodle dish that originated in China. It tends to be served in a meat-based broth and uses toppings such as,, Kamaboko, green onions is a Japanese Noodle dish that originated in China. It tends to be served in a meat-based broth and uses toppings such as,, Kamaboko, green onions is a traditional Japanese food produced by fermenting Rice, Barley and/or Soybeans, with salt and the fungus (the most typical miso is made The Kouraku Ramen Meitengai, an alley lined with many ramen restaurants, was established in 1951 in Susukino district, and after its demolition due to plans for the Sapporo Olympics, the Ganso Sapporo Ramen Yokocho was established in the same place. The 1972 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XI Olympic Winter Games, were a Winter Multi-sport event which was celebrated from It currently attracts many tourists throughout the year. [9] From the year 1966, a food company named Sanyo Foods began to sell instant ramens under the brand name "Sapporo Ichiban". See also Ichiban Records is a brand of Instant noodles (most of them Ramen) made by Sanyo Foods and rivals to other Japanese Ramen brands In 2001, Sapporo Ramen was listed as one of the Hokkaido Heritage along with other ramens in Hokkaido such as Asahikawa Ramen and Hakodate Ramen. On October 1, 2004, The Sapporo Ramen Republic, a theme park focused on rāmens, was opened at the 10th floor of the Sapporo ESTA, a commercial complex located in front of the Sapporo Station.
Soup Curry, a liquid curry with vegetables and rice, is also one of the specialties in Sapporo, and currently plenty of soup curry restaurants are located in the cities and towns in Hokkaido. Curry is the English description of any of a general variety of spicy dishes best known in Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi, Sri Lankan Sapporo Sweets, a confectionery using many ingredients from Hokkaido, is also popular, and the Sapporo Sweets Competition is held annually. [10]
A lamb barbecue style dish called jingisukan (named for Ghengis Khan) is another popular local specialty. barbeque block party Kansas cityjpg|thumb|right|275px|A barbecue on a trailer at a Block party in Kansas City. is a Japanese dish prepared by grilling mutton on a convex metal skillet or other grill Genghis Khan ( or;, Chinggis Khaan, ʧiŋgɪs χaːŋ Činggis Qaɣan; 1162–1227 born (meaning "ironworker" was the Mongol founder
Sapporo is also famed for fresh seafood, salmon, sea urchin and crab in particular. Salmon is the common name for several species of Fish of the family Salmonidae. Sea urchins are small globular spiny sea cat animals composing most of class Echinoidea. Crabs are decapod Crustaceans of the infraorder Brachyura, which typically have a very short projecting "tail" (βραχύ / brachy It is also noted for Haskup, a local variety of blueberry. Blueberries are Flowering plants in the genus Vaccinium, sect
Entertainment and performing arts
The Sapporo Concert Hall Kitara is the main musical venue in Sapporo, located in Nakajima Park in Chuo-ku. also known as its nickname, is a municipal musical venue located in Nakajima Park, Chūō-ku, Sapporo, Japan. It is home to the Sapporo Symphony Orchestra, a local professional orchestra organized in 1961, and their regular concerts are held in this hall. The open-air stage in Sapporo Artpark is another one of the music venues in Sapporo. The Pacific Music Festival (PMF), an event started with the idea of Leonard Bernstein in 1990, is held in both places. WikipediaWikiProject Composers#Lead section --> WikipediaWikiProject Classical music#Biographical_infoboxes The Sapporo Artpark, located in Minami-ku, also contains public arts, an art museum, and the old house of Takeo Arishima. The term public art properly refers to works of Art in any media that has been planned and executed with the specific intention of being sited Other art museums in Sapporo include The Hokkaido Museum of Modern Art, the Sapporo Museum of Sculpture, and the Migishi Kotaro Museum of Art, Hokkaido. The Hokkaido Museum of Literature, located in Nakajima Park, has hosted many exhibitions, seminars, and other educational activities. The Sapporo Convention Center is located in Shiroishi-ku, and a number of forums and events are held in the building. The Sapporo Salmon Museum is located in Minami-ku, and displays mainly materials related to the ecology of salmon. The Sunpiazza Aquarium is located close to the Sapporo Science Center in Atsubetsu-ku.
Points of interest
A lot of historical buildings, as well as shopping malls and parks, are located in Sapporo, and draw many tourists in every year. The is a museum located in the Sapporo Garden Park in Higashi-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan. is a Red-light district located in Chūō-ku Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan. Historic landmarks include the Former Hokkaidō government office building, the Sapporo Clock Tower, the Hokkaido Shrine (Hokkaidō Jingū), and the Sapporo TV Tower. is an American- Neo-baroque structure constructed in 1888 as a base of the Hokkaidō administration Sapporo clock tower (さっぽろ時計台 Sapporo Tokeidai) is a wooden structure and well-known local tourist attraction located at North 1 West 2 Chuo-ku, The, built in 1957 is a 1472 Metre high TV Tower with an observation deck at a height of 90 The Sapporo Factory was a former brewery of the Sapporo Beer, and is currently a huge shopping mall with many restaurants, offices, and the multiplex movie theatres. The is a complex that includes a shopping mall office multiplex movie theaters, and museum located in Chūō-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan A brewery is a dedicated building for the making of Beer, though beer can be made in the home and has been for much of beer's history is a Japanese Beer brewer. Their world headquarters is located in Ebisu, Shibuya Tokyo. For the fictional character called Megaplex see Megaplex (Transformers. Another former brewery of the Sapporo Beer is the Sapporo Beer Museum, which is currently a part of the Sapporo Garden Park, and houses the Sapporo Beer Gardens (サッポロビール園 Sapporo Bi-ru En?). The is a museum located in the Sapporo Garden Park in Higashi-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan. The Sapporo City Archive Museum, The Edwin Dun Memorial Hall, and some old buildings in the Hokkaido University are also historically important in Sapporo, and each was listed in the Registered Tangible Cultural Properties of Japan. Edwin Dun ( June 19, 1848 &ndash May 15, 1931) was a Rancher from Ohio who was employed as an O-yatoi gaikokujin or, is one of the leading national universities of Japan. It is situated in downtown Sapporo, just north of Sapporo Station, and stretching approximately [11]
The Sapporo JR Tower, a complex building houses the Tower 38 and department store, is located adjacent to the Sapporo Station. Sapporo JR Tower (Japanese JRタワー is a Skyscraper, Shopping mall and office complex in Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan. is a Train station located in Kita-ku and Chūō-ku, Sapporo Hokkaidō, Japan. Being close to the main station of Sapporo, the Sapporo JR Tower has been visited by many tourists, and the number of visitors of the Tower 38, the tower with an observation deck, recorded 311,815 in 2006. An observation deck is a platform situated upon a tall architectural structure or natural feature [12] The Sapporo TV Tower, located at the eastern end of the Odori Park, is one of more modern architectures, and has also an observation deck viewing the entire Odori Park and Sapporo City. The, built in 1957 is a 1472 Metre high TV Tower with an observation deck at a height of 90 Susukino is a district having the main nightlife scene in Sapporo, Sapporo Ramen Yokocho, Norubesa (a building with a huge Ferris wheel) which are located in this district as well as many restaurants, nightclubs, bars, and adult entertainments. is a Red-light district located in Chūō-ku Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan. A Ferris wheel (also known as an observation wheel or big wheel) is a Nonbuilding structure consisting of an upright wheel with passenger gondolas attached The district also has the Tanuki Koji Shopping Arcade, the oldest shopping mall in the City. In Minami-ku, the district of Jōzankei is a site that has many hotels with steam baths and hot springs, and that many visitors also have visited.
Sapporo also offers many parks and gardens. The Odori Park houses buildings such as the Sapporo TV Tower, and hosts many events including Yosakoi Soran Festival, Sapporo Lilac Festival, Sapporo White Illumination, and the Sapporo Snow Festival. is a park located in the heart of Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan. Odori (大通 means "large street" in Japanese In the Nakajima Park, there are some landmarks including Hōheikan, an old hotel building moved from the Odori Park, and the Sapporo Concert Hall Kitara. The Maruyama Park is located next to the Hokkaido Shrine, and houses the Maruyama Zoo. The Moerenuma Park is located in Higashi-ku, and houses many open-air art compositions including the Glass Pyramid, planned by Isamu Noguchi. is a municipal park located in Higashi-ku, Sapporo, Japan. The park has some playground equipments, outdoor sports fields and objects which are designed One of the gardens in Sapporo, the Chizaki Rose Garden provides various kinds of roses, and the Hokkaido University Botanical Gardens has also many types of plants and historically important buildings. A rose is a perennial flowering Shrub or vine of the Genus Rosa, within the family Rosaceae, that contains over 100 species The Hokkaido University Botanical Gardens (北海道大学植物園 13 The Hitsujigaoka observation hill has a farm with sheeps, and is attracting visitors with a statue of William S. Clark. is the scenic spot located in Toyohira-ku Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan. William Smith Clark ( July 31, 1826 – March 9, 1886) was a Professor, Massachusetts State Senator, third president
Events
In February, the Sapporo Snow Festival is annually held. The Sapporo Snow Festival (さっぽろ雪まつり Sapporo Yuki-matsuri) is a famous festival held annually in Sapporo, Japan over seven days in February The main site is the Odori Park, and other sites include Susukino (known as the Susukino Snow Festival) , and the Sapporo Satoland. is an Amusement park located in Higashi-ku Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan. Once Makomanai area in Minami-ku was one of the festival sites, but it was abolished and moved to the Satoland site in 2006. Many of the snow and ice statues in the sites are built by the armies of Japan Ground Self-Defense Force. The, or JGSDF, is the Military ground force ( Army) of Japan The largest of the three services of the JSDF, the Ground Self-Defense Force operates In 2006, the number of visitors in the Sapporo Snow Festival marked 1,985,000 in total. [13]
Every June, the Yosakoi Soran Festival is held. The sites of the festival are centered in the Odori Park and the street leading to Susukino, but other festival sites also exist. In the festival, many dance teams dance to their music which are composed based on a Japanese traditional song, Sōran Bushi. So-ran Bushi (ソーラン節 is one of the most famous traditional songs ( Min'yō) in Japan. Members of the teams wear special costumes, and compete their dancing skills on the roads or stages constructed on the festival sites. In 2006, 350 teams were organized with around 45,000 dancers, and over 1,860,000 people visited at the festival sites. [13]
During the summer, the Sapporo Summer Festival takes place in the heart of the city, and people enjoy drinking beer in the beer gardens constructed in the Odori Park and on the streets of Susukino district. Beer garden derieves from the German name "Biergarten" and is an open-air area where beverages (preferably beer and prepared food are served This festival consists of a number of fairs such as Tanuki Festival and Susukino Festival as well as the Odori Park site. [13]
Sports
The Sapporo Dome was constructed in 2001, and currently is the host to the local football team, Consadole Sapporo, and the baseball team, Hokkaidō Nippon Ham Fighters. The is a Stadium located in Toyohira-ku Sapporo, Japan, and is primarily used for football and Baseball. The is a Stadium located in Toyohira-ku Sapporo, Japan, and is primarily used for football and Baseball. is a Japanese professional football (soccer club currently playing in the J-league Division 1 The are a professional Baseball team in Japan's Pacific League. Once Sapporo was selected to be the host of the 5th Winter Olympics scheduled on February 3 to 12, 1940, but Japan had to give the Games back to the IOC, after the Second Sino-Japanese War broke out in 1937. In 1972, Sapporo hosted the 11th Winter Olympics. The 1972 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XI Olympic Winter Games, were a Winter Multi-sport event which was celebrated from Some structures built for Olympic events remain in use today, including the ski jumps at Miyanomori and Okurayama. The, also known as the is a ski jumping venue located in the Miyanomori area in Chūō-ku Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan. In 2002, Sapporo hosted three group matches of the FIFA World Cup at the Sapporo Dome. The 2002 FIFA World Cup, the 17th staging of the World Cup, was held in South Korea and Japan from May 31 to June 30. The is a Stadium located in Toyohira-ku Sapporo, Japan, and is primarily used for football and Baseball. In 2006, Sapporo hosted some games of the FIBA World Championships, and in 2007, Sapporo hosted the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships at the Sapporo Dome, Miyanomori ski jump, Okurayama ski jump, and the Shirahatayama cross country course. The 2006 FIBA World Championship was an international Basketball competition hosted by Japan from August 19 to September 3, 2006. The FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2007 took place February 22 - March 4, 2007 in Sapporo, Japan.
Many sports stadiums and domes are located in Sapporo, and some of them have been designated as venues of sports competitions. The Sapporo Community Dome, also known as its nickname "Tsu-Dome", has hosted to the Golden Market, a huge flea market event which is usually held twice in a year, along with some sports events. A flea market or swap meet is a type of Bazaar where inexpensive or secondhand goods are sold or bartered The Makomanai Ice Arena, located in the Makomanai Park, was used to be one of the venues of Sapporo Olympics in 1972. is an indoor Ice hockey Arena in Minami-ku Sapporo, Japan. It was built in December 1970 and holds 11500 people and has an area of 10133 m² in total It was renamed to the "Makomanai Sekisuiheim Ice Arena" in 2007, when a real estate company, Sekisui Chemical Co. ,Ltd. , acquired its naming rights and renamed the arena after their brand name of the real estate. Naming rights are the right to name a piece of Property, either tangible property or an event usually granted in exchange for financial considerations [14] Other large sports venues include the Makomanai Open Stadium, the Tsukisamu Green Dome, the Maruyama Stadium, and the Hokkaido Prefectural Sports Center. Makomanai Open Stadium is a football Stadium in Sapporo, Japan. Tsukisamu Green Dome is an indoor sporting arena located in Sapporo, Japan. Maruyama Stadium is a multi-use Stadium in Sapporo, Japan. It is currently used mostly for Baseball and football matches is an indoor sporting arena located in Sapporo, Japan. Sometimes called "Kitayell" the capacity of the arena is 8000
Professional sport teams
| Club | Sport | League | Venue | Established |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hokkaido Nippon Ham Fighters | Baseball | Pacific League | Sapporo Dome | 2004 |
| Consadole Sapporo | Football | J. Baseball is a Bat-and-ball Sport played between two teams of nine players each Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered League (J1, top division) | Sapporo Atsubetu Park Studium, Sapporo Dome, Muroran Irie Studium, Nishi-ga-Oka Studium |
1996 |
| Sapporo Ambitious | Baseball | Professional baseball Masters League | Sapporo Dome | 2001 |
- J. League - Consadole Sapporo (J1 in 1998, 2001 to 2002, and J2 in 2002 to 2007) . The, or, is the top professional Football (soccer league in Japan and one of the most successful leagues in Asian club football is a Japanese professional football (soccer club currently playing in the J-league Division 1
- Professional Baseball - Hokkaido Nippon Ham Fighters in Pacific League, champion team of professional baseball leagues of Japan in 2006. Nippon Professional Baseball or NPB is the highest level of Baseball in Japan. The are a professional Baseball team in Japan's Pacific League. The or is one of Japan 's two major professional Baseball leagues the other being the Central League.
- Sapporo Ambitious - belonged in Masters League.
Sports clubs
- Ice Hockey - [>Sapporo Polaris]
- Rugby football - Hokkaido Barbarians
Demographics
The city has an estimated population of 1,890,561 as of March 2007 and a density of 1,686 persons per km² (4,367 persons per mi²). Ice hockey, often referred to simply as hockey, is a team Sport played on Ice. Rugby football (usually just " rugby " may refer to a number of sports through history descended from a common form of Football developed at Rugby School In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. The total area is 1,121. 12 km² (432. 87 mi²).
Transportation
Sapporo has one streetcar line, three JR Hokkaidō lines, three subway lines and JR-bus, Chuo-bus and other bus lines. is a Train station located in Kita-ku and Chūō-ku, Sapporo Hokkaidō, Japan. The is one of the constituent companies of Japan Railways Group (JR Group and thus often known as. Sapporo Subway trains have rubber-tyred wheels.
Rapid Transit
Rail
- JR Hokkaidō Stations in Sapporo
- Hakodate Line: (Zenibako) - Hoshimi - Hoshioki - Inaho - Teine - Inazui Kōen -Hassamu - Hassamu Chūō - Kotoni - Sōen - Sapporo - Naebo - Shiroishi - Heiwa - Atsubetsu - Shinrin kōen - (ōasa)
- Chitose Line: Heiwa - Shin Sapporo -Kami Nopporo - (Kita-Hiroshima)
- Gakuentoshi Line: Sōen - Hachiken - Shinkawa - Shinkotoni - Taihei - Yurigahara - Shinoro - Takuhoku - Ainosato Kyōikudai - Ainosato Kōen - (Ishikari Futomi)
Air
The Sapporo area is served by two airports: Okadama Airport, which serves regional flights within Hokkaido, and New Chitose Airport, a larger, international airport located in the city of Chitose. is the Rapid transit system in Sapporo Hokkaido, Japan. It is operated by the Sapporo City Transportation Bureau. The is a Tram network of Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan. It is operated by Sapporo City Transportation Bureau. The is Japanese Aerial lift line in Sapporo, Hokkaidō. This is the only line operates while the company also operates a Ski jumping course The is Japanese Aerial lift line in Teine, Sapporo, Hokkaidō. is an Airport located 6 km north of the city center of Sapporo, Japan. is an Airport located in Chitose and Tomakomai, Hokkaidō, Japan, serving the Sapporo metropolitan area is a city located in Ishikari, Hokkaidō, Japan and home to the New Chitose Airport, the biggest international airport in Hokkaidō
Universities
Public
See Japanese national university
Private
- Sapporo University
- Hokusei Gakuen University
- Hokkai School of Commerce
- Hokkai Gakuen University
- Fuji Women's University
- Sapporo international University
- Tenshi College
- Health Science University of Hokkaido
- Sapporo Otani College
- Hokkaido Tokai University
- Hokkaido Musashi Women's Junior College
- Hokkaido Bunkyo University
- Koen Gakuen Women's Junior College
- Hokkaido Institute of Technology
Sister cities
Sapporo has relationships with several cities worldwide. or, is one of the leading national universities of Japan. It is situated in downtown Sapporo, just north of Sapporo Station, and stretching approximately Hokkaido University of Education ( Hokkaidō Kyōiku Daigaku or Hokkyodai) has 5 campuses located around Hokkaidō, Japan. As of 2007 there are 87 in Japan, while there are 89 Public universities and 568 Private universities. is a Public university in Chūō-ku Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan. is a Public university with campuses in Chuo-ku and Minami-ku Sapporo, Japan. also known as 札大 (Satsu-dai for an abbreviation is a private university in Sapporo, Japan. is a four-year Private university located in Atsubetsu-ku Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan. is a Private university in Toyohira-ku Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan. is a Private university at Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan. The predecessor of the school was founded in 1925 and it was chartered as a university in 1961 [15][16]
Portland, Oregon, United States, since 1959
Munich, Germany, since 1972
Shenyang, China, since 1980
Novosibirsk, Russia, since 1990
The Sapporo Sister Cities Association
The Sapporo Sister Cities Association was founded in April 1986 to foster friendly relations between Sapporo and its sister cities by promoting a wide range of exchange activities. Portland is a city located in the Northwestern United States, near the Confluence of the Willamette and Columbia rivers The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Munich (München; Minga is the capital city of Bavaria, Germany. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Shenyang ( Ch: 沈阳 pinyin Shěnyáng, or Mukden ( in Manchu) is a Sub-provincial city and capital of Liaoning China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National History The city was founded in 1893 as the future site of the Trans-Siberian Railway bridge crossing the great Siberian river Ob, and was known as Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending Specifically, the association organizes various exchanges related to education, science, the arts, economics, technology and sports.
The Sapporo Sister Cities Association Office is in Sapporo International Communication Plaza Foundation[1]. The is a foundation to promote international events and projects in order to activate local economy
See also
Sources
- ^ a b c Hometown Homepage - Look back a bit
- ^ a b c New Sapporo History 2nd edition (新札幌市史 第2巻 Shin Sapporo Shishi?)
- ^ a b c d New Sapporo History 5th edition (新札幌市史 第5巻 Shin Sapporo Shishi?)
- ^ lawsuit against the bankruptcy of the Takushoku Bank
- ^ a b Sapporo City Official Homepage - the outline of Sapporo
- ^ (Japanese) 気象庁 | 平年値（年・月ごとの値）
- ^ http://www.city.sapporo.jp/kokusai/handbook/file/en-01.pdf
- ^ Tourism Statistics of Sapporo, 2006, p.11 (pdf file)
- ^ a b Ganso Ramen Yokocho, History of Sapporo Ramen
- ^ Sapporo, the sweets republic
- ^ Registered Tangible Cultural Properties in Sapporo
- ^ Tourism Statistics of Sapporo, 2006, p.35 (pdf file)
- ^ a b c Tourism Statistics of Sapporo, 2006, p.29 (pdf file)
- ^ Makomanai Sekisuiheim Ice Arena Homepage
- ^ (Japanese) 札幌市 - 国際交流 - 姉妹都市
- ^ (Japanese) Sister Cities | International Community Bureau
External links
- Sapporo travel guide from Wikitravel
- (Japanese) Sapporo City Official Webpage
- (English) Sapporo City Official Webpage
- (Japanese)(English)(Chinese)(Korean)Information on living in Sapporo for foreign residents
- (Japanese) a live view of Odori Park from Sapporo TV Tower
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| Abashiri | Hidaka | Hiyama | Iburi | Ishikari | Kamikawa | Kushiro | Nemuro | Oshima | Rumoi | Shiribeshi | Sorachi | Sōya | Tokachi | |||
| Cities | |||
| Abashiri | Akabira | Asahikawa | Ashibetsu | Bibai | Chitose | Date | Ebetsu | Eniwa | Fukagawa | Furano | Hakodate | Hokuto | Ishikari | Iwamizawa | Kitahiroshima | Kitami | Kushiro | Mikasa | Monbetsu | Muroran | Nayoro | Nemuro | Noboribetsu | Obihiro | Otaru | Rumoi | Sapporo (capital) | Shibetsu | Sunagawa | Takikawa | Tomakomai | Utashinai | Wakkanai | Yūbari | |||
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