| Sandwich | |
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  Sandwich shown within Kent |
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| Population | 6,800 (2005)[1] |
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| OS grid reference | |
| District | Dover |
| Shire county | Kent |
| Region | South East |
| Constituent country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | Sandwich |
| Postcode district | CT13 |
| Dialling code | 01304 |
| Police | Kent |
| Fire | Kent |
| Ambulance | South East Coast |
| European Parliament | South East England |
| UK Parliament | South Thanet |
| List of places: UK • England • Kent | |
Sandwich is a historic town in Kent, south-east England. KENT (1400 AM) is a Radio station broadcasting a Adult Standards/MOR format England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland It was one of the Cinque Ports and still has many original medieval buildings. Cinque Ports is also the name of a 1703 Galleon (ship The Confederation of Cinque Ports (sɪŋk pɔrts is a historic series of coastal While once a major port, it is now two miles from the sea.
The town is served by Sandwich railway station. Sandwich railway station serves Sandwich in Kent, England. The station and all trains serving it are operated by Southeastern.
Contents |
History
The Port of Sandwich is no stranger to odd events in English history; it was in 1255 that the first captive Elephant was landed in England (see: History of elephants in Europe). Elephants ( family: Elephantidae) are large land Mammals of the order Proboscidea. The history of elephants in Europe dates back to the Ice ages when Mammoths (various species of prehistoric Elephant) roamed the northern parts of the Earth The prize beast arrived at Sandwich quayside, delivered as a gift to the English monarch Henry III, from the French king, and was then taken on foot to the king's zoo at the Tower of London. Henry III (1 October 1207 &ndash 16 November 1272 was the son and successor of John "Lackland" as King of England, reigning for fifty-six years from 1216 Her Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress, more commonly known as the Tower of London (and historically as The Tower) is a historic monument in central London The journey through Kent is reported to have proceeded without incident, except when a bull in a field adjacent to the roadside took umbrage to the great beast passing and attacked it. In one move the poor animal was thrown by the elephant and killed outright. (Hidden Kent: Alan Major).
Before Sandwich became a Cinque Port, the ancient Saxon town of Stonar, located on the opposite bank of the Wantsum estuary, at the mouth of the River Stour, was already well established. The River Stour (ˈstaʊə is a the generic name for a group of rivers in Kent, England. It remained a place of considerable importance until it disappeared almost without trace in the 14th century. The ruins of the major Roman fort of Richborough are close by. Richborough ( pronounced /ˈrɪtʃb(ərə/ is a settlement north of Sandwich on the east coast of the county of Kent, England.
On 21 May 1216, Prince Louis of France landed at Sandwich in support of the baron's war against King John. Events 878 - Syracuse Italy is captured by the Muslim sultan of Sicily. [citation needed]
On 28 August 1457, after four years of uneasy peace in England the king presided over a wasting realm, with feudal barons lording over the population of the north and the west of the realm. Events 475 - The Roman General Orestes forces western Roman Emperor Julius Nepos to flee his Capital The French took advantage of the situation by sending a raiding party to Kent, burning much of Sandwich to the ground. A force of 4,000 men from Honfleur, under the command of Marshal de Breze came ashore to pillage the town, in the process murdering the mayor, John Drury. Honfleur is a commune in the Norman département of Calvados in France, located on the southern bank of the estuary It thereafter became an established tradition, which survives to this day, that the Mayor of Sandwich wears a black robe in mourning for this ignoble deed.
Sandwich was later to gain significantly from the skills brought to the town by many Dutch settlers, who were granted the right to settle by Queen Elizabeth I in 1560. These settlers, brought with them techniques of market gardening, and were responsible for growing the first English celery. See also Wild celery Apium graveolens is a plant species in the family Apiaceae, and yielding celery and Celeriac The Huguenot refugees also brought over Dutch architectural techniques, that are now as much a part of Kent as the thatched cottage. The Huguenots were members of the Protestant Reformed Church of France (or French Calvinists) from the sixteenth to the eighteenth In addition techniques of silk manufacture were imported, enhancing the Kent cloth industry.
Windmills
Sandwich has had at least eight windmills over the centuries. The earliest reference to a mill being dated 1608. [2]
- White Mill
The White Mill is the only survivor. White mill is a Smock mill in Sandwich, Kent, England that was built in 1760 It was built in 1760 and worked by wind until 1929, then by engine until 1957. Today it has been restored and is a heritage and folk museum.
- Black Mill
This was a smock mill which burnt down circa 1910. The smock mill is a type of Windmill that consists of a sloping horizontally weatherboarded tower usually with six or eight sides on top of which is a roof or cap which [3].
- Post mill
A post mill stood near the Black Mill, and was worked in conjunction with it. post mill is the earliest type of European Windmill. The defining feature is that the whole body of the mill that houses the machinery is mounted on a single vertical post around [3]
- Millwall mills
A smock mill on the Millwall was also known as the Town Mill. It was burnt down. Another mill of unknown type is known to have stood on the Millwall. [3]
- Windmill
A sixth windmill stood to the north west of Sandwich, and west of the railway. It formed a group of three with the Black Mill and its neighbour. [3]
- New Cut
Two windmills were marked by Hasted at the New Cut on the Stour estuary. Edward Hasted ( 31 December[[ 732]]&ndash1812 was the author of The History and Topographical Survey of the County of Kent (1788&ndash99 Life Hasted The River Stour (ˈstaʊə is a the generic name for a group of rivers in Kent, England. They were most likely pumping mills associated with the saltworks there in the late eighteenth century. [2]
Sandwich today
The local economy has benefited from significant investment by Pfizer, a US pharmaceuticals company, which has built a research and development centre near Sandwich, employing over 5,000 people. Pfizer Incorporated ( is a major Pharmaceutical company, which ranks number one in the world in sales A drug, broadly speaking is any chemical substance that when absorbed into the body Laboratory experiments at the site have aroused negative comment by animal rights activists. Several important drugs including Viagra, Pfizer's treatment for erectile dysfunction and Maraviroc, a drug used for treatment of HIV, were discovered here. Sildenafil citrate, sold as Viagra, Revatio and under various other trade names is a drug used to treat Erectile dysfunction (male impotence Maraviroc (brand-named Selzentry, or Celsentri outside the US Human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV) is a Lentivirus (a member of the Retrovirus family that can lead to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
Sandwich has two world-class golf courses, Royal St George's which hosts The Open Championship approximately every 10 years and Prince's which hosted The Open Championship in 1932 and is currently an Open Championship Final Qualifying course. The Royal St George's Golf Club is one of the premier Golf clubs in the United Kingdom, and one of the courses on The Open Championship rotation The Open Championship, or simply The Open (often referred to as the British Open outside the UK) is the oldest of the four major championships Prince's Golf Club Sandwich is a links Golf course located in Sandwich in Kent in South East England, on the same stretch of coastline The Open Championship returns to Sandwich in 2011.
There is Monk's Wall nature reserve and a bird observatory at Sandwich Bay. The Monk's Wall nature reserve is a 5 minute walk across the bridge from the Quay in Sandwich Kent and is ideal for seeing wild Duck and other wildlife A bird observatory is a centre for the study of Bird migration and bird Populations They are usually focused on local Birds but may also include interest Sandwich Bay is a long sweeping inlet of the sea between Ramsgate and Deal, Kent, England.
Within the immediate area of Sandwich there are 4 schools, Sandwich Infants for children aged 4 to 8, Sandwich Juniors for children form the ages of 8 to 11, and Sir Roger Manwood's School,for 11-18 and Sandwich technology school again,11-18. Information Sir Roger Manwood's School is a grammar Foundation school located in Sandwich, Kent, England, the 96th oldest school
Sandwich and sandwiches
The town's connection with the snack of the same name is that John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich allegedly invented it; see his entry for further details. A sandwich is a food item made of two or more slices of Bread with one or more layers of a filling John Montagu 4th Earl of Sandwich, PC, FRS ( 3 November 1718 &ndash 30 April 1792) succeeded his grandfather
Sandwich Festival
The town of Sandwich has an annual festival period towards the end of August where a number of events are staged. During Sandwich festivals of the past there have been European markets, motorcycle meets, raft racing in the river, street parties, various concerts (both classical and modern pop/rock) and a number of smaller events. The festival usually lasts for 1-2 weeks.
Road signs
There is a nearby hamlet to the south called Ham. A hamlet is (usually&mdashsee below a Rural community — that is a small settlement — which is too small to be considered a Village. A fingerpost some miles away in the village of "Worth" points towards both Ham and Sandwich, thus reading:
Sandwich
See also
References
- ^ 2005 Ward Level Population Estimates. A fingerpost (sometimes referred to as a "guide post" is a name given to traditional British Sign posts comprising a post with one or more arms &mdash known The British national grid reference system is a system of geographic grid references commonly used in Great Britain, different from using Latitude and Longitude The Sandwich Tern ( Thalasseus sandvicensis, syn Sterna sandvicensis is a Seabird of the Tern family Sternidae Kent County Council (September 2006). Retrieved on 2007-08-20. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 636 - Battle of Yarmouk: Arab forces led by Khalid ibn al-Walid take control of Syria and Palestine
- ^ a b West, Jenny (1973). The Windmills of Kent. London: Charles Skilton Ltd. , p68-71. SBN 284-98534-1.
- ^ a b c d Coles Finch, William (1933). Watermills and Windmills. London: C W Daniel Company, p271-72.
External links
- Discover Sandwich, Kent, UK including a brief history of the Town
- Open Sandwich Kent a guide and history
- Interactive virtual tour of the town
- Sandwich Bay bird observatory
- Royal St George's Golf Club Official Site
- Prince's Golf Club Official Site
- Sandwich and Pegwell Bay SSSI
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