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Salem, Connecticut
Image:US-CT-Salem.png
Location in Connecticut
Coordinates: 41°28′59″N 72°15′59″W / 41.48306, -72.26639
NECTA Norwich-New London
Region Southeastern Connecticut
Incorporated 1819
Government
 - Type Selectman-town meeting
 - First selectman Robert Ross
Area
 - Total 77. Connecticut ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. A New England City and Town Area or NECTA is a geographic and statistical entity defined by the U The Board of Selectmen is commonly the executive arm of Town Governments in the New England region of the United States. Robert Ross may refer to Robert Ross (British army officer (1766&ndash1814 Robert Ross (CEO, founder and leader of the Muscular Dystrophy Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 2 km² (29. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 8 sq mi)
 - Land 75. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. 0 km² (29. 0 sq mi)
 - Water 2. 2 km² (0. 8 sq mi)
Elevation 96 m (315 ft)
Population (2005)
 - Total 4,094
 - Density 55/km² (141/sq mi)
Time zone Eastern (UTC-5)
 - Summer (DST) Eastern (UTC-4)
ZIP code 06420
Area code(s) 860
FIPS code 09-66210
GNIS feature ID 0213499
Website: http://www.salemct.gov/

Salem is a town in New London County, Connecticut, United States. The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume The Eastern Time Zone ( ET) of the Western Hemisphere falls mostly along the east coast of North America and the west coast of South America UTC−5 is the Time offset used in the North American Eastern Time Zone during Standard time and in the North American Central Time Zone during Daylight saving time ( DST The Eastern Time Zone ( ET) of the Western Hemisphere falls mostly along the east coast of North America and the west coast of South America UTC−4 is the Time offset used in the Atlantic Standard Time Zone in Canada in winter and the North American Eastern Time Zone during A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating Telephone number ranges to countries regions areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks Area code 860 is a Telephone Area code that covers the eastern and northwestern parts of Connecticut. Federal Information Processing Standards ( FIPS) are publicly announced standards developed by the United States Federal government for use by all non-military The Geographic Names Information System ( GNIS) is a database that contains name and locative information about more than two million physical and cultural features located throughout The New England town is the basic unit of local government in each of the six New England states New London County is located in the southeastern corner of the U Connecticut ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The population was 3,858 at the 2000 census.

Contents

History

Pre-incorporation

The area was originally inhabited by Mohecians. The very first settlement of European origin in present-day Salem (then part of the town of Montville) was deeded in 1664. Montville is a town in New London County, Connecticut, United States. In the early 1700s, more settlements appeared in what was then Colchester. Colchester is a town in New London County, Connecticut, United States. During this time period, the area was called “Paugwonk. ” The small neighborhood around the Gardner Lake Firehouse on Route 354 is sometimes still referred to by that name. Route 354 is a state highway in eastern Connecticut running from Colchester to Salem.

Because of the remote location of these settlements and the considerable distance to churches, the people petitioned the Connecticut General Court for a new parish in 1725. It was named New Salem Parish, in honor of Colonel Samuel Browne, the largest landowner at the time, who was from Salem, Massachusetts. Salem is a city in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States. Recent archaeological evidence suggests that Colonel Browne owned slaves. The origins of Slavery in the colonial United States are complex and there are several theories that have been proposed to explain the trade The people of New Salem strongly supported the Patriot cause in the Revolution. This article concerns Patriots in the American Revolution. For other uses see Patriot (disambiguation. In this article the inhabitants of the thirteen colonies that supported the American Revolution are primarily referred to as "Americans" with occasional references to "Patriots"

1819 to the present

Salem was incorporated as a Town in 1819 from lands of Colchester, Lyme, and Montville, with a population of approximately 1,200. The New England town is the basic unit of local government in each of the six New England states Lyme is a town in New London County, Connecticut, United States. In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology Though remote during this period, populated almost entirely by farmers, the rocky and craggy land that constituted much of the town kept the population low and new settlement at a minimum. Salem has always been a crossroads town; the old Hartford and New London Turnpike (now Route 85) was a toll road, traveled frequently by legislators during the winters of the 19th century when the Connecticut River was impassable. Route 85 a north-south state highway in the east-central portion of the U A toll road, (also known as a tollway, turnpike, pike, or toll highway, especially if it is constructed to Freeway standards The Connecticut River is the largest River in New England, flowing south from the Connecticut Lakes in northern New Hampshire, along the border The Turnpike provided stage coach service until the 1890s.

Music Vale Seminary

Salem became a well-known location upon the founding of Oramel Whittlesey’s Music Vale Seminary in 1835. Students of the school not only learned music, but also provided self-sustenance through farming, as did most Salem households at the time. Pianos were manufactured up the Hartford and New London Turnpike about two miles (3 km) north from the Seminary, at the present location of the firehouse and general store containing the town post office. The Seminary burned down and was rebuilt. However, when Whittlesey died in 1867, it was the beginning of the end for the school; when it burned down again shortly thereafter, it was never rebuilt. Today, all that remains of the Seminary is a barn and state historical marker.

First rural electrification in the United States

Salem is the site of the very first rural electrification in the entire country, at the farm of Frederick C. Rural electrification is the process of bringing electrical power to Rural and remote areas Rawolle, Jr. Rawolle was an engineer from New York who retired at the age of 32 after he sold to a major manufacturer the patent rights of an explosive device he had invented to fracture oil wells. The City of New York West Texas PumpjackJPG|thumb|right|300px|This Pumpjack located south of Midland TX is a common sight in West Texas. His net worth at this time was approximately $50,000,000 (million), an enormous sum for the time period. For the film entitled Net Worth see Net Worth (film. In business net worth (sometimes called net assets) is the total Assets He decided to settle in the remote woods of Salem and build a farm. It was called Fairy Lake Farm, located near the lake of the same name. Carr Pond, which today supplies water to the city of New London, was actually created by Rawolle in 1920 from Fairy Lake as a means of docking his boat near the turnpike. New London is a seaport city and a Port of entry on the northeast coast of the United States

Rawolle learned that bringing transmission lines to his farm from New London, about 12 miles (19 km) away, would be virtually impossible. He decided to generate his own electricity. At a cost of about one million dollars, extremely expensive at the time for a single project, a hydroelectric system was completed in 1922. Hydroelectricity is electricity generated by Hydropower, ie the production of power through use of the gravitational force of falling water Airplanes flying from New York to Boston used the glimmering lights of Fairy Lake Farm as guidance. Rawolle also opened a store in New London to sell produce from the farm. This endeavor collapsed, however, when the stock market crashed in 1929 and Rawolle lost all of his money. The Wall Street Crash of 1929, also known as the ’29 Crash, the Crash of 1929, the Great Crash of 1929, the Great Crash of October 1929 He died in 1954; the large stone mansion he lived in at the farm is still standing today at the end of Horse Pond Road, though it is abandoned. A mansion is a large dwelling House. The word itself derives (through Old French) from the Latin word mansus (the perfect passive participle

Hiram Bingham III and IV

Hiram Bingham III, from Salem, was an adventurer and explorer who retrieved some of the artifacts at Machu Picchu which today are on display at Yale University, and which Peru seeks to have returned. Hiram Bingham, formally Hiram Bingham III, ( November 19, 1875 June 6, 1956) was an American academic explorer and politician Machu Picchu (Machu Pikchu "Old Peak" 'mɑtʃu 'piktʃu is a Pre-Columbian Inca site located 2400 meters (7875 ft above sea level Peru (Perú Piruw Piruw officially the Republic of Peru ( reˈpuβlika del peˈɾu is a country in western South America. His son, Hiram Bingham IV, was the Vice Consul in Marseilles, France, during World War II, and rescued thousands of Jews from death at the Nazi concentration camps. Hiram "Harry" Bingham IV ( July 17 1903 &ndash January 12 1988) was an American diplomat Marseille, ( English alt Marseilles mɑrˈseɪ — French: maʁsɛj locally — Provençal Occitan: Marselha maʀˈsijɔ World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ See also List of Nazi-German concentration camps, Extermination camp Prior to and during World War II, Nazi Germany under Hitler maintained Much of the Bingham family still lives in Salem and is active in town politics and local issues. Hiram died in 1988, and a U.S. Postal Stamp was issued in his honor on May 30, 2006. A postage stamp is an adhesive paper evidence of pre-paying a fee for postal services

Salem today

Over the decades, Salem has slowly progressed from a small and remote farming town to a bedroom community of about 4,000; in the 1990s, it was one of the fastest growing municipalities in the state. A commuter town is an urban community that is primarily residential from which most of the Workforce commute out to earn their livelihood A municipality is an administrative entity composed of a clearly defined territory and its population and commonly denotes a City, Town, or Village, or However, it is still a small town by Connecticut standards. It did not even have its own ZIP code until the mid-1990s; before then, it was shared with Colchester. The ZIP code is the system of Postal codes used by the United States Postal Service (USPS The post office today remains in a small general store, somewhat unusual for a town that has grown to this size.

During its early years, Salem had several schoolhouses scattered throughout town like most New England communities of the time; one is still visible on White Birch Road. History See also History of New England New England's earliest inhabitants were Algonquian -speaking Native Americans including the Salem School was built in 1940 near the town green as little more than a large schoolhouse. A village green is a common open area which is a part of a settlement Several additions have been built since then, the most recent opening in 1994. Today, Salem School is one of the largest K-8 schools in the state, with about 600 students. Students in grades 9 through 12 attend high school in the neighboring town of East Lyme; this will be the case until at least 2016, when the current co-op agreement between the two towns expires. East Lyme is a town in New London County, Connecticut, United States.

Route 85 was commissioned from the old turnpike in 1932. Route 85 a north-south state highway in the east-central portion of the U Traffic increased considerably over the next several decades, and the Route 11 expressway was proposed as an alternate through route. Route 11 is a state highway in east-central Connecticut serving traffic between the Hartford and New London areas (via Route 2) An expressway is a Divided highway for high-speed traffic with at least partial Control of access. Lack of funding and bureaucratic issues caused construction to halt in 1972 in Salem at Route 82, though there are now new plans to complete the expressway. Route 82 is an east-west State highway in Connecticut running for 28 Most Salem residents favor completion because it would remove through traffic from local roads; one has even launched a website that describes itself as a public awareness campaign regarding the merits of the project. The highway project is a frequent topic of discussion among people in town. In August 2004, Route 11 was announced as a federal high priority project under President Bush’s Executive Order 13274, during a surprise visit by U.S. Transportation Secretary Norman Mineta to Salem. George Walker Bush ( born July 6 1946 is the forty-third and current President of the United States. The United States Secretary of Transportation is the head of the United States Department of Transportation. born November 12, 1931) is a United States politician of the Democratic Party. The new highway would be accompanied by a “greenway” of preserved land, a first in the nation. A greenway is a long narrow piece of land often used for recreation and pedestrian and bicycle traffic and sometimes including multiple transportation ( Streetcar, Light

Salem has very little commercial and industrial development, which has not kept pace with the rapid residential growth; the “four corners” area, at the busy junction of Route 85 and Route 82, is virtually all that exists. As a result, taxes in the town are generally high.

The last operating dairy farm in Salem, near Gardner Lake, which was an official supplier of Cabot cheese, closed in 2004. The Cabot Creamery Cooperative is an American Dairy marketing cooperative started in 1919 by farmers in Cabot, Vermont.

In 2006 Salem Boy scout troop 123 was one of the largest in the state of Connecticut. When you take into account the population of Salem you find Salem by far has the most boy scouts per scout age boy. In 2006 boy scout troop 123 sent more scouts to summer camp than any other Connecticut troop. Most years more than 50 percent of second grade boys are enrolled in the Salem cub scouts.

On the National Register of Historic Places

The Salem town green

Like many New England towns, Salem’s town green was originally centered around a church. Events 68 - Galba, Governor of Hispania, names himself legatus senatus populique Romani, breaking the line of Year 1982 ( MCMLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar) Events 202 BC - Hannibal Barca, leader of the Carthaginians, is defeated by the Roman legions under Scipio Africanus Year 1980 ( MCMLXXX) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar) Events 1419 - First Defenestration of Prague. 1502 - Christopher Columbus lands at Guanaja in the Bay Islands off Year 1983 ( MCMLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1983 Gregorian calendar) The New England town is the basic unit of local government in each of the six New England states The current church, Salem Congregational Church, was built in 1840. The Music Vale Seminary was about a half mile south of the green itself. The town hall, library, recreational fields, and Salem School are all located nearby. A city hall or town hall is the chief administrative building of a City or Town 's administration and usually houses the city or A grange and historical society are built around the green.

The green has changed little over the past two hundred years, the most changes being in the last two decades. Salem School has undergone many additions since its original construction in 1940. The townspeople in 2003 voted overwhelmingly in a referendum to build a brand new library, which opened in 2004. The new structure replaced the original library, a tiny structure donated by the Bingham family in 1928, which is now vacant. Also in 2004, construction began on expanded recreational fields.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 29. The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title) is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census 8 square miles (77. 2 km²), of which, 29. 0 square miles (75. 0 km²) of it is land and 0. 8 square miles (2. 1 km²) of it (2. 79%) is water.

Demographics

As of the census[1] of 2000, there were 3,858 people, 1,358 households, and 1,075 families residing in the town. A census is the procedure of acquiring information about every member of a given population The population density was 133. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 2 people per square mile (51. 5/km²). There were 1,655 housing units at an average density of 57. 2/sq mi (22. 1/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 95. 49% White, 0. 83% African American, 0. 60% Native American, 1. 48% Asian, 0. 29% from other races, and 1. 32% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1. 22% of the population.

There were 1,358 households out of which 43. 5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 68. 9% were married couples living together, 6. NOTICE TO WOULD-BE ROMEOS ************** 8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 20. 8% were non-families. 15. 6% of all households were made up of individuals and 4. 2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2. 84 and the average family size was 3. 20.

In the town the population was spread out with 29. 4% under the age of 18, 5. 3% from 18 to 24, 32. 8% from 25 to 44, 25. 9% from 45 to 64, and 6. 6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 99. 4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99. 4 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $68,750, and the median income for a family was $75,747. Males had a median income of $48,173 versus $36,364 for females. The per capita income for the town was $27,288. Per capita income means how much each individual receives in monetary terms of the yearly income generated in the country About 0. 6% of families and 1. 0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 1. The poverty threshold, or poverty line, is the minimum level of Income deemed necessary to achieve an adequate Standard of living in a given country 3% of those under age 18 and 2. 8% of those age 65 or over.

Education

The Salem School District [1] operates a PreK-8 school that serves Salem.

Residents in grades 9 through 12 are zoned to East Lyme High School in East Lyme, which is a part of East Lyme Public Schools. East Lyme High School is a High school located in the downtown Flanders region of East Lyme, Connecticut. East Lyme is a town in New London County, Connecticut, United States. East Lyme Public Schools is a School district in East Lyme Connecticut.

Miscellaneous

Every year at the end of October, the Salem Apple Festival is held on the town green. It features everything from apple pies, to apple fritters, to hot dogs with apple sauerkraut. The event draws visitors from all over the state.

There is a Witch Meadow Lake and Witch Meadow Campground in Salem, perhaps a tongue-in-cheek homage to the infamous witch trials of Salem, Massachusetts. The Salem witch trials were a series of hearings before local magistrates followed by county court Trials to prosecute people accused of Witchcraft in Essex

Captain Kidd was believed to have buried treasure in the woods of Salem. William " Captain " Kidd ( c 1645 &ndash May 23, 1701) was a Scottish sailor remembered for his

Notable persons from Salem, Connecticut

External links

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