La Sainte-Chapelle (English: The Holy Chapel) is a Gothic chapel on the Île de la Cité in the heart of Paris, France. La Sainte-Chapelle (The Holy Chapel is a Gothic Chapel on the Île de la Cité in the heart of Paris, France. Eugène Emmanuel Viollet-le-Duc ( January 27 1814 &ndash September 17, 1879) was a French Architect and theorist famous for his "restorations" English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States See also Gothic art Gothic architecture is a style of Architecture which flourished during the high and late medieval period. A chapel is a holy place or area of Worship for Christians, which may be attached to an institution such as a large church, a College, a The Île de la Cité is one of two natural Islands in the Seine within the city of Paris (the other being Île Saint-Louis, the Île des Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. It is perhaps the high point of the full tide of the rayonnante period of Gothic architecture. See also Gothic art Gothic architecture is a style of Architecture which flourished during the high and late medieval period.
Contents |
History
The Sainte-Chapelle, the palatine chapel[1] in the courtyard of the royal palace on the Île de la Cité, was built to house precious relics: Christ's crown of thorns, the Image of Edessa and thirty other relics of Christ that had been in the possession of Louis_IX since August 1239, when it arrived from Venice in the hands of two Dominican friars. Christ is the English term for the Greek ( Khristós) meaning "the anointed " In Christianity the Crown of Thorns, one of the instruments of the Passion, was the woven chaplet of thorn branches worn by Jesus before his Crucifixion The Order of Preachers ( Latin: Ordo Praedicatorum) after the 15th century more commonly known as the Dominican Order or Dominicans, is Unlike many devout aristocrats, who swiped relics, the saintly Louis bought his precious relics of the Passion, purchased from the Latin emperor at Constantinople, Baldwin II, for the exorbitant sum of 135,000 livres, which was paid to the Venetians, to whom it had been pawned. The Latin Empire or Latin Empire of Constantinople (original Latin name Imperium Romaniae, " Empire of Romania " is the Constantinople (Κωνσταντινούπολις Konstantinoúpolis, or gr ἡ Πόλις hē Polis, Latin: la CONSTANTINOPOLIS Baldwin II of Courtenay (French Baudouin II de Courtenay, 1217 &ndash October 1273) was the last emperor of the Latin Empire of Constantinople The livre tournois (" Tours pound " was one of numerous currencies used in France in the Middle Ages; and a money of [2] The entire chapel, by contrast, cost 40,000 livres to build. In 1241 a piece of the True Cross was added, and other relics. The True Cross is the name for physical remnants which by a Christian tradition are believed to be from the actual cross upon which Jesus was crucified Thus the building, consecrated 26 April 1248, was like a precious reliquary: even the stonework was painted, with medallions of saints and martyrs in the quatrefoils of the dado arcade, which was hung with rich textiles. [3]
At the same time, it reveals Louis' political and cultural ambition, with the imperial throne at Constantinople occupied by a mere Count of Flanders and with the Holy Roman Empire in uneasy disarray, to be the central monarch of western Christendom. counts of Flanders were the Rulers over the county of Flanders from the 9th century until the abolition of the Countship by the French revolutionaries The Holy Roman Empire ( HRE; German Heiliges Römisches Reich (HRR, Latin Sacrum Romanum Imperium (SRI was a union of territories in Just as the Emperor could pass privately from his palace into Hagia Sophia in Constantinople, so now Louis could pass directly from his palace into the Sainte Chapelle. Hagia Sophia (Ayasofya Αγία Σοφία " Holy Wisdom " Sancta Sophia or Sancta Sapientia) is a former patriarchal Basilica, later
The Royal chapel was a prime exemplar of the newly developing culminating phase of Gothic architectural style called "Rayonnant" that achieved a sense of weightlessness. The Limbourg brothers, or in Dutch Gebroeders van Limburg ( Herman, Paul, and Johan; fl See also Gothic art Gothic architecture is a style of Architecture which flourished during the high and late medieval period. Rayonnant is a term used to describe a period in the French Gothic architectural style circa 1240-1350 It stands squarely upon a lower chapel which served as parish church for all the inhabitants of the palace, which was the seat of government (see "palace"). A palace is a grand residence especially the home of a Head of state or some other high-ranking Public figure. The king was later granted sainthood by the Roman Catholic Church as Saint Louis.
The most visually beautiful aspects of the chapel, and considered the best of their type in the world, are its stained glass for which the stonework is a delicate framework, and rose windows added to the upper chapel in the 15th century. For the Blackford Oakes novel see Stained Glass (novel The term stained glass refers either to the material of coloured Glass or to the art
No designer-builder is directly mentioned in archives concerned with the construction, but the name of Pierre de Montreuil, who had rebuilt the apse of the Royal Abbey of Saint-Denis and completed the façade of Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris is sometimes connected with the Sainte Chapelle. The Basilica of Saint Denis ( French: Basilique de Saint-Denis, or simply Basilique Saint-Denis) is the burial site of almost all the French NotreDameFlyingButtressjpg|right|thumb|250px|Notre Dame de Paris Flying Buttress]] Notre Dame de Paris is a Gothic Cathedral on the eastern half of the [4]
Much of the chapel as it appears today is a recreation, although nearly two-thirds of the windows are authentic. The chapel suffered its most grievous destruction in the late eighteenth century, during the French Revolution, when the steeple and baldachin were removed, the relics dispersed, and various reliquaries, including the grande châsse, were melted down. The French Revolution (1789–1799 was a period of political and social upheaval in the History of France, during which the French governmental structure previously an The Sainte-Chapelle was requisitioned as an archival depository in 1803. Two meters' worth of glass was removed to facilitate working light, and destroyed or loosed upon the market. [5] Its well-documented restoration, completed under the direction of Eugène Viollet-le-Duc in 1855, was regarded as exemplary by contemporaries[6] and is faithful to the original drawings and descriptions of the chapel that survive. Eugène Emmanuel Viollet-le-Duc ( January 27 1814 &ndash September 17, 1879) was a French Architect and theorist famous for his "restorations" Year 1855 ( MDCCCLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common year
The Sainte Chapelle has been a national historic monument since 1862.
A replica of the Sainte Chapelle can be found in Chicago, Illinois. Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. The St. James Chapelle of Archbishop Quigley Preparatory Seminary, located on 103 E. Archbishop Quigley Preparatory Seminary was a United States High school administered by the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago for young Chestnut St, was built in the early 1900s under the direction of George Cardinal Mundelein in founding the high school seminary. George William Mundelein, later George Cardinal Mundelein, ( July 2, 1872 &ndash October 2, 1939) A seminary, theological college, or divinity school is a specialized and often live-in Higher education institution for the purpose of instructing students
Gallery
 The chapel's rose window. A Rose window (or Catherine window) is often used as a generic term applied to a circular Window, but is especially used for those found in churches |
 Detail of a stained glass window. |
 Detail of a stained glass window depicting a baptism. (Now located at the Musée de Cluny. The Musée de Cluny, officially known as Musée National du Moyen Âge, is a Museum in Paris, France. ) |
 Sculpture. |
 Interior. |
 Interior. |
 Statue of Louis IX. |
Access
| located near the metro station: Cité. The following is a list of all stations of the Paris Métro, sorted by lines Cité is a station of the Paris Métro, serving Line 4. It is the only station located on the Île de la Cité, and serves Notre-Dame |
See also
Saint-Germer-de-Fly Abbey: A very similar structure, also called the Sainte-Chapelle, was erected twelve years after the Paris chapel as an addition to the abbey church. Saint-Germer-de-Fly Abbey is a former Benedictine Abbey located in the village of Saint-Germer-de-Fly, in Picardy in the Oise département
Notes
- ^ The architectural structure was distinct from the transient capella regis, the "king's chapel" of the royal household that followed the movements of the court and from the personnel of which, as from his council, the king habitually appointed chancellors and bishops: see Robert Branner, "The Sainte-Chapelle and the Capella Regis in the Thirteenth Century", Gesta 10. 1 (1971:19-22).
- ^ Baldwin had appeared at the court of Louis in 1237 to ask for aid in defending Constantinople from the Greeks.
- ^ Robert Branner, St Louis and the Court Style in Gothic Architecture 1966:8ff).
- ^ Prof. Robert Branner saw in the design the hand of an unidentified master mason from Amiens (Branner,
- ^ The Philadelphia Museum of Art conserves three panels from the "Judith" window, identified by M. Amiens (amjɛ̃ is a city and commune in northern France, 120 km north of Paris. The Philadelphia Museum of Art, located at the west end of the Benjamin Franklin Parkway in Philadelphia 's Fairmount Park, was established in 1876 Caviness, "Three medallions of stained glass from the Sainte-Chapelle of Paris", Bulletin of the Philadelphia Museum of Art 62 (July-September 1967:249-55).
- ^ Viollet-le-Duc, Dictionnaire, s. v. "Restauration", "Vitrail"; a modern reassessment of the stained-glass restorations, in the context of the Gothic Revival, is in Alyce A. The Gothic Revival is an architectural movement which began Jordan, "Rationalizing the Narrative: Theory and Practice in the Nineteenth-Century Restoration of the Windows of the Sainte-Chapelle", Gesta 37. 2, Essays on Stained Glass in Memory of Jane Hayward (1918-1994) (1998:192-200).
Further reading
- F. Gebelin, La Sainte Chapelle et la Conciergerie (Paris) 1937.
External links
- Sainte Chappelle Surround View (Quicktime needed to view) Kiri Te Kanawa sings Schubert's Ave Maria
- Quicktime VR view
- L'Internaute Magazine: Diaporama (in French)
- Architectural description
- Informative Article From 1921 On Sainte Chapelle
- Information of the windows of St. James Chapel, replica of the Sainte Chapelle
- List of the relics bought by Louis IX
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic