| Saint Spyridon | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Thaumaturge (Miracle-worker) (Ο Θαυματουργός) |
|
| Born | ca. An icon (from Greek εἰκών eikōn, "image" is a religious work of art most commonly a painting from Eastern Christianity. Thaumaturgy (from the Greek words θαῦμα thaûma, stem thaumat-, meaning "miracle" or "marvel" and ἔργον érgon 270, Askia, Cyprus |
| Died | 348, Trimythous, Cyprus |
| Venerated in | Eastern Orthodoxy, Eastern Catholicism |
| Canonized | (pre-congregation) |
| Major shrine | Corfu |
| Feast | East: December 12, Cheesefare Saturday West: December 14 |
| Attributes | Vested as a bishop with omophorion, often holding a Gospel Book, with his right hand raised in blessing. Askiya also spelt Askia was the title of the rulers of the Songhai Empire of what is today Mali and Dendi Kingdom of modern Niger. Cyprus (Κύπρος transliterated: Kýpros,; Kıbrıs officially the Republic of Cyprus (Κυπριακή Δημοκρατία Kypriakī́ Dīmokratía The Eastern Orthodox Church is the second largest single Christian Communion in the world This article refers to Eastern Churches in full communion with the Holy See Canonization is the act by which a particular Christian church declares a deceased person to be a Saint and is included in the canon or list of recognized saints A shrine, from the Latin scrinium (‘box’ also used as a desk like the French bureau) was originally a container usually made of precious materials used Corfu (Κέρκυρα Kérkyra, ˈkʲe̞ɾkʲiɾa Κέρκυρα or Κόρκυρα Corcyra Corfù is a Greek island in the Ionian Sea The Calendar of saints is a traditional Christian method of organizing a Liturgical year on the level of days by associating each day with one or more Saints Events 627 - Battle of Nineveh: A Byzantine army under Emperor Heraclius defeats Emperor Khosrau II 's Persian Maslenitsa (Ма́сленица also known as Butter Week, Pancake week, or Cheesefare Week, is a Russian religious and folk holiday Events 1287 - St Lucia's flood: The Zuider Zee sea wall in the Netherlands collapses killing over 50000 people Christianity has used symbols from its very beginnings Each Saint has a story and a reason why he or she led an exemplary life Vestments are liturgical garments and articles associated primarily with the Christian religions especially the Latin Rite and other Roman Catholics A bishop is an ordained or consecrated member of the Christian clergy who is generally entrusted with a position of authority and oversight In the Eastern Orthodox and Eastern Catholic liturgical tradition the omophorion ( Greek:; Slavonic: омофоръ omofor) The Gospel Book, or Book of the Gospels ( Greek:, Evangélion) is a Codex or bound volume containing one or more of the four Gospels Sometimes the image features a potsherd, or sprig of basil. In Archaeology, a sherd is commonly a historic or prehistoric fragment of Pottery, although the term is occasionally used to refer to fragments Basil ( Ocimum basilicum) (ˈbeɪzəl or /ˈbæzəl/ of the Family Lamiaceae. Iconographically, he is depicted as tall, with a long, white forked beard, and wearing a woven basket on his head (the name Spyridon literally means "basket"). Iconography is the branch of Art history which studies the identification description and the interpretation of the content of images A basket is a container which is traditionally constructed from stiff fibres often made of Willow. |
| Patronage | Potters, Corfu |
 Saints Portal |
|
Saint Spyridon also sometimes written Saint Spiridon (Greek Ἃγιος Σπυρίδων ca. The patron saint of a particular group of people is a Saint who would protect and 'love' the group and its members Pottery is the Ceramic ware made by potters It also refers to a group of materials that includes Earthenware, Stoneware Corfu (Κέρκυρα Kérkyra, ˈkʲe̞ɾkʲiɾa Κέρκυρα or Κόρκυρα Corcyra Corfù is a Greek island in the Ionian Sea Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly 270–348) is a saint honoured in both the Eastern and Western Christian traditions. Events By Place Roman Empire Quintillus briefly holds power over the Roman Empire and is succeeded by Aurelian. Events By Place Asia In Persia, women are enrolled in the army to perform auxiliary services A saint (from the Latin sanctus) is a human being to whom has been attributed (and who has generally demonstrated a high level of Holiness and Sanctity Families of churches Eastern Christians have a shared tradition but they became divided ( Schism) during the early centuries of Christianity in disputes about Western Christianity is a term used to cover the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic Church, the Churches of the Anglican Communion, the Lutheran Church Christianity ( Greek Χριστιανισμός from the word Xριστός ( Christ)is a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings
Spyridon was born in Askia in Cyprus. Cyprus (Κύπρος transliterated: Kýpros,; Kıbrıs officially the Republic of Cyprus (Κυπριακή Δημοκρατία Kypriakī́ Dīmokratía He worked as a shepherd and was known for his great piety. A shepherd is a person who tends to feeds or guards Sheep, especially in flocks He married and had one daughter, Irene. Upon the death of his wife, Spyridon entered a monastery, and their daughter, a convent. This article concerns the buildings occupied by monastics. For the life inside monasteries and its historical roots see Monasticism. A convent is a community of Priests religious brothers religious sisters or Nuns or the building used by the community particularly in the Roman Catholic Church
Spyridon eventually became Bishop of Tremithous, near Paphos and a was a vocal opponent of Arianism. A bishop is an ordained or consecrated member of the Christian clergy who is generally entrusted with a position of authority and oversight Paphos (Paphos is usually written Paphos or Paphus in English, ( Ancient Greek:; Modern Greek Πάφος Páfos; Latin Arianism is the theological teaching of Arius (c AD 250-336 who was ruled a heretic by the Christian church at the Council of Nicea. He took part in the First Ecumenical Council of Nicaea (325), where he was instrumental in countering the theological arguments of Arius and his followers. The First Council of Nicaea, held in Nicaea in Bithynia (present-day İznik in Turkey) convoked by the Roman Emperor Constantine Events By Place Roman Empire Gladiatorial combat is outlawed in the Roman Empire Theology is the study of a god or the gods from a religious perspective Arius ( AD ca 250 or 256 - 336 was a Christian priest from Alexandria Egypt in the early fourth century whose teachings now called Arianism
He reportedly converted a pagan philosopher to Christianity by using a potsherd to illustrate how one single entity (a piece of potery) could be composed of three unique entities (fire, water and clay); a metaphor for the Christian doctrine of the Trinity. Paganism (from Latin paganus, meaning "country dweller rustic" is a word used to refer to various religions and religious beliefs from across the world Philosophy is the study of general problems concerning matters such as existence knowledge truth beauty justice validity mind and language Christianity ( Greek Χριστιανισμός from the word Xριστός ( Christ)is a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings In Archaeology, a sherd is commonly a historic or prehistoric fragment of Pottery, although the term is occasionally used to refer to fragments Metaphor (from the Greek: μεταφορά - metaphora, meaning "transfer" is language that directly compares seemingly unrelated subjects Doctrine (Latin doctrina) is a codification of beliefs or "a body of teachings quot or "instructions" taught principles or positions as the SSC RF "Troitsk Institute of Innovative and Termonuclear Research" or TRINITY for shprt Троицкий Институт инновационных и термоядерных
As soon as Spyridon finished speaking, the shard is said to have miraculously burst into flame, water dripped on the ground, and only dust remained in his hand (other accounts of this event say that it was a brick he held in his hand).
After the council, Saint Spiridon returned to his diocese in Tremithous. In many rites of the Roman Catholic Church and in Anglican churches, a diocese is an administrative territorial unit administered by a Bishop. He later fell into disfavor during the persecutions of the emperor Maximinus, but died peacefully in old age. Persecution is the systematic mistreatment of an individual/group by another group This article deals with 4th century Roman Emperor For other uses of the name see Maximin. His biography was recorded by the hagiographer Simeon Metaphrastes and the church historians, Sozomen and Socrates Scholasticus. Hagiography ( is the study of Saints. A hagiography, from Greek (hağios (ἅγιος "holy" or "saint" and graphē (γραφή Saint Symeon Metaphrastes was the most renowned of the Byzantine Hagiographers He is identified with the Logothete of that name Salminius Hermias Sozomenus (Σωζομενός (c 400 - c 450 was a Historian of the Christian church Socrates of Constantinople was a Greek Christian church historian a contemporary of Sozomen and Theodoret, who used his work he was born at Constantinople
When the Arabs took Cyprus, Spyridon's body was disinterred and taken to Constantinople. The araB gene Promoter is a bacterial promoter activated by e L-arabinose binding Constantinople (Κωνσταντινούπολις Konstantinoúpolis, or gr ἡ Πόλις hē Polis, Latin: la CONSTANTINOPOLIS The relics were found to be incorrupt, and contained a sprig of basil, the "royal plant," both of which were taken as a sign of divine confirmation of his sanctity. A relic is an object or a personal item of religious significance carefully preserved with an air of Veneration as a tangible memorial Incorruptibility is the property of a body — usually a human body — that does not decompose after death Basil ( Ocimum basilicum) (ˈbeɪzəl or /ˈbæzəl/ of the Family Lamiaceae. A miracle is an event believed to be caused by interposition of Divine intervention by a Supernatural being in the Universe by which the ordinary operation
When, in 1453, Constantinople fell to the Turks, Spyridon's relics were removed again; this time, to the island of Corfu by a Corfiote monk called Kalohairetis (Καλοχαιρέτης), where they remain to this day. The Fall of Constantinople refers to the capture of the Byzantine Empire's capital by the Ottoman Empire on Tuesday May 29, 1453 (Julian Calendar Corfu (Κέρκυρα Kérkyra, ˈkʲe̞ɾkʲiɾa Κέρκυρα or Κόρκυρα Corcyra Corfù is a Greek island in the Ionian Sea MONK is a Monte Carlo software package for simulating nuclear processes particularly for the purpose of determining the neutron multiplication factor or k-effective
The relics are taken in procession every Palm Sunday and on other special occasions, for veneration by the faithful. A procession (via Middle English processioun, French procession, derived from Latin processio, itself from procedere, to go forth advance Palm Sunday is a Christian Moveable feast which always falls on the Sunday before Easter. In Christianity, veneration ( Latin veneratio, Greek &delta&omicron&upsilon&lambda&iota&alpha dulia) or veneration of saints All Philharmonics of Corfu, including the Philharmonic Society of Corfu take part in these ceremonial events. The Philharmonic Society of Corfu ( Philarmoniki Etaireia Kerkyras Φιλαρμονική Εταιρεία Κερκύρας) is today a community band in Corfu The relic of his right hand is now located in Rome. Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2
Spyridon is the patron saint of potters (from the purported miracle of the potsherd) and the island of Corfu where he is called: "Αγιος Σπυρίδων ο πολιούχος", "Saint Spyridon, the Keeper of the City" for the miracle of expelling the plague (πανώλη) from the island. The patron saint of a particular group of people is a Saint who would protect and 'love' the group and its members Pottery is the Ceramic ware made by potters It also refers to a group of materials that includes Earthenware, Stoneware A miracle is an event believed to be caused by interposition of Divine intervention by a Supernatural being in the Universe by which the ordinary operation Corfu (Κέρκυρα Kérkyra, ˈkʲe̞ɾkʲiɾa Κέρκυρα or Κόρκυρα Corcyra Corfù is a Greek island in the Ionian Sea Plague is a deadly Infectious disease caused by the enterobacteria Yersinia pestis (Pasteurella pestis.
It is believed by the faithful that the plague, on its way out of the island, scratched one of the fortification stones of the old citadel (Palaio Frourio) to indicate its fury for being expelled. Corfu (Κέρκυρα Kérkyra, ˈkʲe̞ɾkʲiɾa Κέρκυρα or Κόρκυρα Corcyra Corfù is a Greek island in the Ionian Sea This scratch is shown to visitors to this day.
St. Spyridon is also believed to have saved the island at the second great siege of Corfu which took place in 1716. Corfu (Κέρκυρα Kérkyra, ˈkʲe̞ɾkʲiɾa Κέρκυρα or Κόρκυρα Corcyra Corfù is a Greek island in the Ionian Sea Year 1716 ( MDCCXVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a At that time the Turkish army and naval force led by the great Sultan Achmet III appeared in Butrinto opposite Corfu. Sultan (سلطان is an Islamic title with several historical meanings Ahmed III ( Ottoman Turkish: احمد ثالث Aḥmed-i sālis) ( December 30, 1673 &mdash July Butrint ( Albanian: Butrint or Butrinti) is an Ancient Greek city and an archeological site in Sarandë, Albania
On July 8 the Turkish fleet carrying 33,000 men sailed to Corfu from Butrinto and established a beachhead in Ipsos. Events 939 - The Major Occultation or Ghaybat el-Kubra of Muhammad al-Mahdi 1099 - First Crusade: 15000 The fictional magical formula is spelled IPSOS. Ipsos SA is a global survey -based Market research company headquartered The same day the Venetian fleet encountered the Turkish fleet off the channel of Corfu and defeated it in the ensuing naval battle. Venice ( Italian: Venezia, Venetian: Venesia or Venexia) is a city in Northern Italy, the capital of the On July 19 the Turkish army reached the hills of the town and laid siege to the city. Events 711 - Muslim forces under Tariq ibn Ziyad defeat the Visigoths led by their king Roderic. After repeated failed attempts and heavy fighting, the Turks were forced to raise the siege which had lasted 22 days.
There were also rumours spreading among the Turks that some of their soldiers saw St. Spyridon as a monk threatening them with a lit torch and that helped increase their panic. This victory over the Turks, therefore, was attributed not only to the leadership of Count Schulenburg who commanded the stubborn defence of the island against the Turks but also to the miraculous intervention of St. Reichsgraf Marshal Johann Matthias von der Schulenburg (born 8 August 1661 in Emden, close to Magdeburg, Germany Spyridon.
After the victorious outcome of the battle, Venice honoured Schulenburg and the Corfiotes for successfully defending the island. The great composer Vivaldi was commissioned to write an opera, Juditha triumphans, in celebration of the victory. Opera is an art form in which Singers and Musicians perform a Dramatic work (called an opera which combines a text (called a Libretto Juditha triumphans devicta Holofernis barbarie translated as Judith triumphant over the Barbarians of Holofernes, Vivaldi catalogue number
Recognizing St. Spyridon's role in the defence of the island, Venice legislated the annual "Litany of St. A litany, in Christian worship, is a form of Prayer used in Church services and Processions and consisting of a number of petitions Spyridon" on August 11 as a commemoration of the event. Events 2492 BC - Traditional date of the defeat of Bel by Hayk, progenitor and founder of the Armenian nation His feast day is celebrated in the East on the Saturday before Great Lent (known as "Cheesefare Saturday") and December 12. The Calendar of saints is a traditional Christian method of organizing a Liturgical year on the level of days by associating each day with one or more Saints Great Lent, or the Great Fast, is the most important Fasting season in the Church year in Eastern Christianity, which prepares Christians Maslenitsa (Ма́сленица also known as Butter Week, Pancake week, or Cheesefare Week, is a Russian religious and folk holiday Events 627 - Battle of Nineveh: A Byzantine army under Emperor Heraclius defeats Emperor Khosrau II 's Persian For those Eastern Churches which follow the traditional Julian Calendar, December 12 falls on December 25 of the modern Gregorian Calendar. Families of churches Eastern Christians have a shared tradition but they became divided ( Schism) during the early centuries of Christianity in disputes about The Julian calendar, a reform of the Roman calendar, was introduced by Julius Caesar in 46 BC and came into force in 45 BC (709 Ab urbe condita Events 274 - Roman Emperor Aurelian The Gregorian calendar is the most widely used Calendar in the world today In the West he is commemorated on December 14. Western Christianity is a term used to cover the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic Church, the Churches of the Anglican Communion, the Lutheran Church Events 1287 - St Lucia's flood: The Zuider Zee sea wall in the Netherlands collapses killing over 50000 people
St. Spyridon is also the patron saint of the Tolstoy family. This article is about the Tolstoy family, for other meanings see Tolstoy (disambiguation Tolstoy, or Tolstoi Andrei Tolstoy (fl. 15th century) chose St. Spyridon as the family's saint and he remains so in both branches to this day. The Grand Prince of Muscovy Basil II (1425-1462) apparently gave a gold cross containing relics of the saint to Andrei. The Title Grand Prince or Great Prince (Magnus Princeps Russian and Ukrainian: Великий князь Velikiy knyaz; Вялíкий The Grand Duchy of Moscow (Великое княжество Московское was a medieval Russian polity centered on Moscow between 1340 and Vasily II Vasiliyevich Tyomniy (Blind (Василий II Васильевич Тёмный in Russian) ( March 10, 1415 – March 27, 1462 A cross is a geometrical figure consisting of two lines or bars perpendicular to each other dividing one or two of the lines in half A relic is an object or a personal item of religious significance carefully preserved with an air of Veneration as a tangible memorial This reliquary survives to this day and is held by the senior member of the Tolstoy family, now Count Nikolai Tolstoy. A reliquary (also referred to as a Shrine or by the French term Chasse) is a container for Relics These may be the physical Count Nikolai Dmitrievich Tolstoy-Miloslavsky (born 23 June 1935) is a prominent Russo-British Historian, author and parliamentary candidate
External links
- St. Spyridon and other religious traditions on Corfu
- St Spyridon the Wonderworker, Bishop of Tremithus Orthodox icon and synaxarion
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic