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Saint Quirinus of Neuss
Saint Quirinus and Saint Balbina
Died 116 or 117 AD?
Venerated in Roman Catholic Church,
Eastern Orthodox Church
Major shrine Neuss
Feast April 30; March 30[1]
Attributes military attire; knight with lance, sword, hawk; banner or sign with nine balls[2]
Patronage Neuss; Correggio, Italy; invoked against the bubonic plague, smallpox, and gout; afflictions associated with the legs, feet, ears; paralysis; ulcers; goiter; skin conditions; diseases affecting cattle and horses[3]; patron saint of animals[4]; patron saint of knights, soldiers, and horsemen[5]
Saints Portal

Saint Quirinus of Neuss (German: Quirin, Quirinus), sometimes called Quirinus of Rome (which is the name shared by another martyr) is venerated as a martyr and saint of the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches. The Eastern Orthodox Church is the second largest single Christian Communion in the world A shrine, from the Latin scrinium (‘box’ also used as a desk like the French bureau) was originally a container usually made of precious materials used The Calendar of saints is a traditional Christian method of organizing a Liturgical year on the level of days by associating each day with one or more Saints Events 313 - Roman emperor Licinius unifies the entire Eastern Roman Empire under his rule Events 240 BC - 1st recorded Perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. Christianity has used symbols from its very beginnings Each Saint has a story and a reason why he or she led an exemplary life The patron saint of a particular group of people is a Saint who would protect and 'love' the group and its members Bubonic plague is the best-known manifestation of the bacterial disease plague, caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis (formerly known as Smallpox is an Infectious disease unique to humans caused by either of two virus variants named Variola major and Variola minor. Gout (also called metabolic arthritis) is a disease created by a buildup of Uric acid. The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. Saint Quirinus of Rome, or Quirinus of Tegernsee, is venerated as a Martyr and Saint of the Third century. The term martyr ( Greek μάρτυς martys "witness" is most commonly used today to describe an individual who sacrifices their life (or personal freedom A saint (from the Latin sanctus) is a human being to whom has been attributed (and who has generally demonstrated a high level of Holiness and Sanctity The Eastern Orthodox Church is the second largest single Christian Communion in the world His cult was centered at Neuss in Germany, though he was a Roman martyr. This article discusses cult in the original and typically ancient sense of "religious practice" (cultus Neuss (ˈnɔʏs is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. In its first three centuries the Christian church endured periods of persecution at the hands of Roman authorities

According to the Catholic Encyclopedia, a Roman martyr named Quirinus was buried in the Catacomb of Prætextatus on the Via Appia. The Catholic Encyclopedia, also referred to today as the Old Catholic Encyclopedia, is an English-language Encyclopedia published by The Encyclopedia The first Burial galleries to be referred to as catacombs lie beneath San Sebastiano fuori le mura, in Rome. The Appian Way ( Latin and Italian: Via Appia) was the most important ancient Roman road. The Martyrologium Hieronymianum (ed. The Martyrologium Hieronymianum, the " Martyrology of Jerome" was the most widely used and influential of the medieval lists of martyrs De Rossi-Duchesne, 52) mentions Quirinus' name and place of burial. The Itineraries to the graves of the Roman martyrs (Giovanni Battista De Rossi, "Roma sotterranea", I, 180-1) also mention these two pieces of information. Giovanni Battista de Rossi ( February 23, 1822 – 20 September 1894) was an Italian archaeologist famous outside his field for his rediscovery [6]

The Martyrologium Hieronymianum assigns him under the feast day of April 30, the date that appears in the catalogue of Roman martyrs of the 4th century. The Calendar of saints is a traditional Christian method of organizing a Liturgical year on the level of days by associating each day with one or more Saints Events 313 - Roman emperor Licinius unifies the entire Eastern Roman Empire under his rule [7]

Contents

Legend

Quirinus is introduced into the legendary Acts of Sts. Alexander and Balbina, where it is said he was a tribune (Dufourcq, loc. Memorials of St Balbina (d c 130 AD are to be found at Rome in three different spots which are connected with the early Christian antiquities of that city Tribune (from the Latin: tribunus; Byzantine Greek form τριβούνος) was a title shared by 2–3 elected magistracies in the cit. , 175). He is said to have been decapitated in 116. Decapitation (from Latin, caput, capitis, meaning head or beheading, is the cutting off of the head of a person or animal Legends make him a Roman tribune who was ordered with executing Alexander, Eventius, and Theodolus, who had been arrested by order of Trajan. Marcus Ulpius Nerva Traianus, commonly known as Trajan ( September 18 53 &ndash August 9 117) was a Roman Emperor who [8] Quirinus converted to Christianity, however, after witnessing miracles performed by these three saints, and he was baptized along with his daughter Balbina. Christianity ( Greek Χριστιανισμός from the word Xριστός ( Christ)is a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings [9] He was then martyred on March 30 by being decapitated and was then buried catacomb of Prætextatus on the Via Appia. Events 240 BC - 1st recorded Perihelion passage of Halley's Comet.

Veneration

Reliquary holding Quirinus' relics. Neuss.
Reliquary holding Quirinus' relics. Neuss.

Ado took the name from these Acts and put it in his Martyrology under date of March 30, on which day it is now also found in the Roman Martyrology (Quentin, "Les martyrologes historiques", 490). Ado (also Adon, Adonis Viennensis) (died 875 Archbishop of Vienne in Lotharingia, belonged to a famous Frankish house and spent Events 240 BC - 1st recorded Perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. For April 30, the Roman Martyrology states: “Item Romae in coemetério Praetextáti via Appia, sancti Quirini mártyris, qui tribúnus confessiónem fídei martyrio coronávit. Events 313 - Roman emperor Licinius unifies the entire Eastern Roman Empire under his rule ”[10]

According to a document from Cologne dating from 1485, Quirinus' body was donated in 1050 by Pope Leo IX to an abbess of Neuss named Gepa (who is called a sister of the pope). Pope [11] In this way the relics came to the Romanesque Church of St. A relic is an object or a personal item of religious significance carefully preserved with an air of Veneration as a tangible memorial Regional characteristics of Romanesque architecture|Romanesque art Romanesque architecture is the term that is used to describe the architecture of Middle Ages Europe which Quirinus at Neuss (Quirinus-Münster) which still exists. A statue of Quirinus sits atop the church (which Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte attempted to plunder during the Napoleonic Wars[12]). Charles XIV John ( Karl XIV Johan) born Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte, later renamed Jean-Baptiste Jules Bernadotte (26 January 1763 &ndash 8 March 1844 The Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815 involved Napoleon's French Empire and a shifting set of European allies and opposing coalitions

Inhabitants of that city invoked him for aid during Siege of Neuss by Charles the Bold that occurred in 1474-5. The Siege of Neuss, from 1473 &ndash 1474, was part of the Burgundian Wars. Charles the Bold or Charles the Rash (Charles le Téméraire ( 21 November 1433 &ndash 5 January 1477) baptised Charles Martin [13][14] His cult spread to Cologne, Alsace, Scandinavia, western Germany, the Netherlands, and Italy, where he became the patron saint of Correggio. Alsace (Alsace alzas Alsatian and Elsass pre-1996 German: Elsaß; Alsatia is one of the 26 Regions of France, located on the eastern Terminology and usage As a cultural term "Scandinavia" has no official definition and is subject to usage by those who identify with the culture in question as well Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest The patron saint of a particular group of people is a Saint who would protect and 'love' the group and its members Correggio is a small town in the Province of Reggio Emilia, in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy in the Po valley [15] Numerous wells and springs were dedicated to him, and he was invoked against the bubonic plague, smallpox, and gout; he was also considered a patron saint of animals. Bubonic plague is the best-known manifestation of the bacterial disease plague, caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis (formerly known as Smallpox is an Infectious disease unique to humans caused by either of two virus variants named Variola major and Variola minor. Gout (also called metabolic arthritis) is a disease created by a buildup of Uric acid. [16] Pilgrims to Neuss sought the Quirinuswasser (Quirinus water) from the Quirinusbrunnen (Quirinus spring or pump-room). [17]

A farmers' saying associated with Quirinus' feast day of March 30 was "Wie der Quirin, so der Sommer" (“As St. Weather lore is the body of informal Folklore related to the Prediction of the Weather. Events 240 BC - 1st recorded Perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. Quirinus’ Day goes, so will the summer”). [18]

Quirinus, along with Hubertus, Cornelius and Anthony, was venerated as one of the Four Holy Marshals ('Vier Marschälle Gottes) in the Rhineland. Saint Hubertus or Hubert (born c 656 to 658 probably in Toulouse; died May 30, 727 or 728 in Tervuren near Brussels Saint Anthony the Great (c 251–356 also known as Anthony the Abbot, Anthony of Egypt, Anthony of the Desert, Anthony the Anchorite, The Four Holy Marshals ( Vier Marschälle Gottes or just Vier Marschälle) were four Saints venerated in the Rhineland, especially at Cologne The Rhineland ( Rheinland in German) is the general name for the land on both sides of the river Rhine in the west of Germany. [19][20][21] Portraits of Quirinus and of St. Valentine appear at the top of the recto of the Nuremberg Chronicles (Folio CXXII [Geneva]). Saint Valentine (in Latin, Valentinus) is the name of several Martyred Saints of Ancient Rome. The Nuremberg Chronicle, written in Latin by Hartmann Schedel, with a version in German translation by Georg Alt is one of the best documented early printed books [22]

References

  1. ^ Quirinus von Rom (von Neuss) - Ökumenisches Heiligenlexikon
  2. ^ Nine in reference to an interpretation of the Latin name of Neuss, Novesia, from "novem," meaning "nine. "
  3. ^ Quirinus von Rom (von Neuss) - Ökumenisches Heiligenlexikon
  4. ^ San Quirino
  5. ^ Diu Minnezît - Kleidung - Filzkappe
  6. ^ CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Sts. Quirinus
  7. ^ CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Sts. Quirinus
  8. ^ San Quirino
  9. ^ San Quirino
  10. ^ San Quirino
  11. ^ San Quirino
  12. ^ QUIRINUS von Neuss
  13. ^ San Quirino
  14. ^ Quirinus von Rom (von Neuss) - Ökumenisches Heiligenlexikon
  15. ^ San Quirino
  16. ^ San Quirino
  17. ^ QUIRINUS von Neuss
  18. ^ Quirinus von Rom (von Neuss) - Ökumenisches Heiligenlexikon
  19. ^ Quirinus von Rom (von Neuss) - Ökumenisches Heiligenlexikon
  20. ^ marschaelle
  21. ^ Die Kapelle
  22. ^ Old World Auctions - Lot Detail

Further reading

External links

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