| Saint Martial | |
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| Venerated in | Roman Catholic Church |
| Feast | June 30 |
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Saint Martial was the first bishop of Limoges in today's France, according to a life of Saturnin, first bishop of Toulouse, which Gregory of Tours quotes in his History of the Franks. A coat of arms or armorial bearings (often just arms for short in European tradition is a design belonging to a particular person (or group of people The Calendar of saints is a traditional Christian method of organizing a Liturgical year on the level of days by associating each day with one or more Saints Events 350 - Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, is defeated and killed by troops of the Usurper This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Saint Saturnin of Toulouse (in Latin, Saturninus; Sernin in Modern French; in Galicia, Sadurninho; in Navarra Saint Gregory of Tours ( November 30, c 538 &ndash November 17, 594) was a Gallo-Roman historian and bishop of Tours
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Life
All that is known about him may be summed up thus: Under the Emperor Decius and of Gratus (250-251 CE), Pope Fabian sent out seven bishops from Rome to Gaul to preach the Gospel: Gatien to Tours, Trophimus to Arles, Paul to Narbonne, Saturnin to Toulouse, Denis to Paris, Austromoine to Clermont, and Martial to Limoges. Events By Place Roman Empire A group of Franks penetrate as far as Tarragona in Spain (approximate date Events By Place Roman Empire July 1 — In the Battle of Abrittus, the Goths defeat the Romans emperors Decius Pope Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2 Gaul (Gallia was the Roman name for the region of Western Europe comprising present day northern Italy, France, Belgium, western This article is about the canonical books of the New Testament Gatianus ( Catianus Gatianus Gratianus; Cassien Gatien Gratien ( 3rd century CE was the founding Bishop of the See of Tours. Tours is a city in France the Préfecture (capital city of the Indre-et-Loire département, on the lower reaches of the river According to Catholic lore, Saint Trophimus of Arles (also called Trophime) was the first Bishop of Arles, in today's southern France. Arles (aʁl̥ Provençal Occitan: Arles in both classical and Mistralian norms is a City in the south of France, Saint Paul of Narbonne (3rd century CE was one of the "apostles to the Gauls " sent out (probably under the direction of Pope Fabian, 236 - Narbonne ( Narbona in Catalan and in Occitan, the Roman Narbo) is a commune in southwestern France in the Saint Saturnin of Toulouse (in Latin, Saturninus; Sernin in Modern French; in Galicia, Sadurninho; in Navarra Toulouse ( pronounced in standard French, and in the local accent ( Occitan: Tolosa, pronounced) is a city in southwest Saint Denis (also called Dionysius, Dennis, or Denys) is a Christian martyr and Saint. Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city Stremonius or Saint Austremonius or Saint Stramonius or Austromoine the "apostle of Auvergne," was the first Bishop of
Abbey
Martial was buried outside the Roman town, and as his tomb became progressively more important as a pilgrimage site, the monks found patronage in the Benedictine order in the 9th century. The Roman Empire was the post-Republican phase of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial In Religion and Spirituality, a pilgrimage is a long journey or Search of great Moral significance This article concerns Roman Catholic Order of Saint Benedict see also Benedictine Confederation and Benedictine. The 9th century is the period from 801 to 900 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. The site became the Benedictine Abbey of Saint-Martial, a great library (second only to the library at Cluny) and scriptorium. St Martial's Abbey was an abbey in Limoges, France, founded in 848 and dissolved in 1791. A library is a collection of information sources resources and services and the structure in which it is housed it is organized for use and maintained by a public body an institution The town and commune of Cluny or Clugny lies in the modern-day département of Saône-et-Loire in the région Scriptorium, literally "a place for writing" is commonly used to refer to a room in medieval European Monasteries devoted to the copying of manuscripts by monastic The 12th-century chronicler Geoffroy du Breuil of Vigeois worked in its library. Generally a chronicle (chronica from Greek (from) is a historical account of facts and events in chronological order Geoffroy du Breuil of Vigeois was a 12th century French Chronicler He was trained at the Benedictine abbey of Saint-Martial of Limoges
The abbaye de Saint-Martial, one of the great pilgrimage churches of western Christianity, was so thoroughly razed in the 19th century, that only the scattered manuscripts of its library remain. The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar A manuscript is any Document that is Written by hand as opposed to being printed or reproduced in some other way Some of the abbey's library had been bought for Louis XV and have come to the Bibliothèque Nationale de France. Louis XV (15 February 1710 &ndash 10 May 1774 ruled as King of France and of Navarre from 1 September 1715 until his death in 1774 The original crypt was exhumed in 1966-1970. In terms of European architecture a crypt (from the Latin crypta and the Greek κρυπτη, kryptē) is a stone chamber or Year 1966 ( MCMLXVI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Twelve Romanesque carved capitals were discovered built into the foundations of a barn and purchased in 1994 for the Museum of the Bishopric of Limoges. Year 1994 ( MCMXCIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar)
Hagiography
The influx of pilgrims to the abbey where the historical Martial lay buried encouraged the creation of an elaborate hagiography during the 10th century. A pilgrim is one who undertakes a Pilgrimage, literally 'far afield' Hagiography ( is the study of Saints. A hagiography, from Greek (hağios (ἅγιος "holy" or "saint" and graphē (γραφή As the hagiography grew, Martial was moved back in time: now, sent into Gaul by Saint Peter himself, he is said to have evangelized not only the Province of Limoges but all of Aquitaine. Aquitaine (Aquitània Akitania archaic Guyenne / Guienne (Occitan Guiana) is one of the 26 Regions of France, in the south-western part of He performed many miracles, among others the raising of a dead man to life, by touching him with a rod that St. A miracle is an event believed to be caused by interposition of Divine intervention by a Supernatural being in the Universe by which the ordinary operation Peter had given him.
The mythology culminated in the 11th century forgeries of Ademar of Chabannes, The Life of St. Forgery is the process of making adapting or imitating objects statistics or documents (see False document) with the intent to deceive. Adémar de Chabannes (sometimes Adhémar de Chabannes) (c 988-1034 was an eleventh century Monk, a Historian, who wrote the first Annals that Martial, attributed to Bishop Aurelian, his successor, which was designed to 'prove' that Martial had been present at the Last Supper and at the crucifixion, and was indeed one of the original apostles. In the Christian Gospels the Last Supper (also called the Lord's Supper or Mystical Supper) was the last meal Jesus shared with his Crucifixion (from Latin crucifixio, noun of process crucifixio, from perfect passive participle crucifixus, fixed to a cross from The Twelve Apostles (Greek apostolos, "someone sent out" e The legendary Martial appears with many miracles, casting out fiends and raising the dead and encouraging mass baptisms, in the 13th century compendium of lore, the Golden Legend. In Christianity, baptism ( Greek, "immersing" "performing Ablutions " is the ritual act with the use of water by which one is admitted The Golden Legend (Legenda Aurea by Jacopo da Varagine is a collection of fanciful hagiographies or lives of the Saints that became a late medieval As late as 1854, Mons. Buissas, Bishop of Limoges, petitioned Pope Pius IX to bestow on Martial the honors of a disciple of Christ, but was turned down. Blessed Pope Pius IX (May 13 1792 &ndash February 7 1878 born Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti, was Pope from June 16 1846 until 1878 The full discovery of Ademar's tissue of forged documents, including an imaginary church council and a papal letter, was not revealed until the 1920s, and continued for several generations to be resisted in conservative Catholic circles. The 1920s is sometimes referred to as the " Jazz Age " or the " Roaring Twenties " when speaking about the United States and Canada Catholic is an Adjective derived from the Greek adjective '' / 'katholikos' meaning "whole" or "complete".
External links
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