Saint Kitts
Country	Saint Kitts and Nevis
Archipelago	Leeward Islands
Region	Caribbean
Area	68 sq. Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically The Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis (also known as the Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis) located in the Leeward Islands, is a federal two-island An archipelago (ɑrkəˈpɛləgoʊ is a chain or cluster of Islands The word archipelago literally means "chief Sea " from Italian The Leeward Islands are the northern islands of the Lesser Antilles chain of islands part of the West Indies. The Caribbean (ˌkærəˡbiən kæ'rəbiən Cariben|Caraïben or Caraïben; Caraïbe or more commonly Antilles; Caribe is a Region consisting Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. mi. 168 km²
Coastline	- km
Highest elevation	Mt. Liamuiga 3,796 ft. 1,156 m
Population  - Density	35,000 ppl. In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology - 538. 5 ppl. /sq. mi. 208. 3 ppl. /km²

Saint Kitts (previously known as Saint Christopher Island (Saint-Christophe in French) is an island in the West Indies. French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people An island (ˈaɪlənd or isle (/ˈaɪl/ is any piece of land that is completely surrounded by water in two dimensions above high tide and isolated from other significant The Caribbean (ˌkærəˡbiən kæ'rəbiən Cariben|Caraïben or Caraïben; Caraïbe or more commonly Antilles; Caribe is a Region consisting The west side of the island borders the Caribbean Sea, and the eastern coast faces the Atlantic Ocean. The Caribbean (ˌkærəˡbiən kæ'rəbiən Cariben|Caraïben or Caraïben; Caraïbe or more commonly Antilles; Caribe is a Region consisting Together with the island of Nevis, Saint Kitts constitutes one country: the Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis. NEVIS, or New Exhaust Valve & Intake System, is a type of Internal combustion engine developed by Cesare Bortone in cooperation with the University The Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis (also known as the Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis) located in the Leeward Islands, is a federal two-island

The island is situated at 17°15′N, 62°40′W, about 1,300 miles (2,100 km) southeast of Miami, Florida, in the United States. Florida ( is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States, bordering Alabama to the northwest and Georgia to the The United States of America —commonly referred to as the It has a land area of about 68 sq. miles (168 km²), being 18 by 5 miles (29 by 8 km).

Saint Kitts has a population of around 35,000, the majority of whom are mainly of African descent. The African diaspora was the movement of Africans and their descendants to places throughout the world - predominantly to the Americas, then later to Europe, the The primary language is English, with a literacy rate of approximately 98%. English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States Residents call themselves Kittitians (or Kittians).

Saint Kitts is one of the historic centres of the Caribbean. The first successful British colony in the West Indies was founded on the island in 1624, and the island was subsequently used as a base to settle most of the neighbouring islands for Britain. The British Empire was the largest empire in history and for over a century was the foremost global power. It also became the site of the first successful French colony in the West Indies (with Britain and France splitting the island between them) in 1625, and was then used to settle other Caribbean territories for France. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics.

Brimstone Hill Fortress National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site is the largest fortress ever built in the Eastern Caribbean. Brimstone Hill Fortress National Park is a UNESCO World Heritage Site of historical cultural and architectural significance a monument to the ingenuity of the British A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a site (such as a Forest, Mountain, Lake, Desert, Monument, Building, complex The island is also home to the Warner Park Cricket Stadium, which was used to host 2007 Cricket World Cup matches. Warner Park Sporting Complex is an athletic facility in Basseterre, St The 2007 ICC Cricket World Cup was a Men 's Cricket Tournament that took place in the West Indies from 13 March to 28 April 2007 using the sport's This made St. Kitts and Nevis the smallest nation on Earth to ever host a World Cup event. Sporting competitions named World Cup include FIFA World Cup (men's football(soccer FIFA Women's World Cup (women's football(soccer

The island is also an education centre, with the Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine [1], Windsor University School of Medicine, and Robert Ross International University of Nursing. Ross University is a professional school located on the Caribbean islands of Dominica and Saint Kitts.

Geography

An aerial view of north-west St. Kitts. Brimstone Hill is visible in the centre-bottom of the picture. Brimstone Hill Fortress National Park is a UNESCO World Heritage Site of historical cultural and architectural significance a monument to the ingenuity of the British

The capital of the two-island nation, and also its largest port, is the town of Basseterre on Saint Kitts. Basseterre (bæsˈtɛər estimated population 15500 in 2000 is the Capital of the Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis in the West Indies. There is a modern facility for handling large cruise ships here. A cruise ship or cruise liner is a Passenger ship used for pleasure voyages where the voyage itself and the ship's amenities are part of the experience There is a ring road which goes around the perimeter of the island; the interior of the island is too steep for habitation.

St. Kitts is six miles (10 km) away from Saint Eustatius to the north and two miles (3 km) from Nevis to the south. Sint Eustatius, also known as Statia, or Saint Eustace, is one of the islands which make up the Netherlands Antilles; it is in the northern Leeward NEVIS, or New Exhaust Valve & Intake System, is a type of Internal combustion engine developed by Cesare Bortone in cooperation with the University St. Kitts has three distinct groups of volcanic peaks: the North West or Mount Misery Range; the Middle or Verchilds Range and the South East or Olivees Range. Plate tectonics and hotspots Divergent plate boundaries At the The highest peak is Mount Liamuiga, formerly Mount Misery, a dormant volcano some 3,792 feet (1,156 m) high.

Brimstone Hill

In February of 1782, a French fleet of nearly 50 ships appeared on the horizon off St. Kitt's and Nevis. Headed by Admiral Count François de Grasse, whose flagship was the exceptionally imposing 130-gun Ville de Paris, the fleet had been dispatched to force the British from the rich sugar colonies of St. Kitts & Nevis--and that meant dislodging them from Brimstone Hill, otherwise known as The Gibraltar of the West Indies. Situated almost 800 feet above sea level, this remarkable fortress is one of the most dramatic spots in the entire Caribbean, both historically and aesthetically. It commands astounding views of the Caribbean, including Nevis, Montserrat, Saba, St. Martin and St. Barts. Brimstone Hill sprawls over 38 acres, and its massive Fort George citadel is defended by seven-foot-thick walls of black volcanic stone--then better known as brimstone. In 1782 Brimstone Hill had been under nearly continuous construction (by slave labor) for almost nine decades. The 8,000-man French siege force, supported by de Grasse's substantial fleet, calmly set to its task. After a month of almost continuous bombardment, and despite staunch resistance by Brimstone's 1,000 British troops, the French succeeded finally in punching 40-foot holes in the citadel's thick walls. Knowing their situation finally to be without hope, the British surrendered. The French siege commander, the Marquis de Bouille, paid tribute to their heroic defense by allowing the British garrison to leave Brimstone Hill as an undefeated force, in full uniform and with standards held aloft. One year later, when the Treaty of Versailles returned St. Kitts to British rule, the same honor was accorded to the French garrison. Brimstone Hill was abandoned in 1851, and the fort suffered neglect and vandalism for the next century. In 1965, when the site became a national park, intensive restoration returned the imposing fortress perched atop the hill to its original grandeur. Tours of Brimstone Hill are conducted daily, and highlights include the hospital, ammunition stores, artillery officer's quarters, the Prince of Wales Bastion, and the Citadel of Fort George.

Parishes

Parishes of Saint Kitts and Nevis

Main article: Parishes of Saint Kitts and Nevis

There are nine parishes on the island of St. The Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis is divided into 14 parishes Nine parishes are located on the island of Saint Kitts and five on Nevis. A parish is a Local church; it is an administrative unit typically found in episcopal or presbyterian churches Kitts:

• Christ Church Nichola Town
• Saint Anne Sandy Point
• Saint George Basseterre
• Saint John Capisterre
• Saint Mary Cayon
• Saint Paul Capisterre
• Saint Peter Basseterre
• Saint Thomas Middle Island
• Trinity Palmetto Point

Economy

Kittitians use the Eastern Caribbean dollar which maintains a fixed exchange rate of 2. Christ Church Nichola Town is one of 14 administrative parishes that make up Saint Kitts and Nevis. Saint Anne Sandy Point is one of 14 administrative parishes that make up Saint Kitts and Nevis. Saint George Basseterre is one of 14 administrative parishes that make up Saint Kitts and Nevis. Saint John Capisterre is one of 14 administrative parishes that make up Saint Kitts and Nevis. Saint Mary Cayon is one of 14 administrative parishes that make up Saint Kitts and Nevis. Saint Paul Capisterre is one of 14 administrative parishes that make up Saint Kitts and Nevis. Saint Peter Basseterre is one of 14 administrative parishes that make up Saint Kitts and Nevis. Saint Thomas Middle Island is one of 14 administrative parishes that make up Saint Kitts and Nevis. Trinity Palmetto Point is one of 14 administrative parishes that make up Saint Kitts and Nevis. The East Caribbean dollar ( Currency code XCD) is the Currency of eight of the nine members of the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States 67-to-one with the United States dollar. The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been The US dollar is just as widely accepted as the Eastern Caribbean dollar.

For hundreds of years, St. Kitts operated as a sugar monoculture. Sugar is a class of edible Crystalline substances mainly Sucrose, Lactose, and Fructose. Monoculture is the agricultural practice of producing or growing one single crop over a wide area But due to decreasing profitability, the government closed the industry in 2005. Tourism is a major and growing source of income to the island, although the number and density of resorts is less than on other Caribbean islands. Tourism is Travel for Recreational or Leisure purposes The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people who "travel Transportation, non-sugar agriculture, manufacturing and construction are the other growing sectors of the economy [2]. Transport or transportation is the movement of people and goods from one place to another

In addition to this, in hopes of expanding tourism, the country hosts its annual St. Kitts Music Festival. The St Kitts Music Festival is a festival of popular music held annually in June on the Caribbean islands of St

History

Battle of St. Kitts, 1782, as described by an observer in a French engraving titled "Attaque de Brimstomhill".

Main article: History of Saint Kitts and Nevis

During the last Ice Age, the sea level was 200 feet (60 m) lower and St. Saint Kitts and Nevis has one of the longest written histories in the Caribbean both islands being amongst Europe's first colonies in the archipelago An ice age is a period of long-term reduction in the Temperature of the Earth 's surface and atmosphere resulting in an expansion of continental Ice sheets Kitts and Nevis were one island with Saint Eustatius (also known as Statia) and Saba. Sint Eustatius, also known as Statia, or Saint Eustace, is one of the islands which make up the Netherlands Antilles; it is in the northern Leeward SABA was a German manufacturer for electronic equipment from the Black Forest up to the 1980s

St. Kitts was originally settled by pre-agricultural, pre-ceramic "Archaic people", who migrated down the archipelago from Florida. In a few hundred years they disappeared, to be replaced by the ceramic-using and agriculturalist Saladoid people around 100 BC, which migrated to St. The word ceramic is derived from the Greek word κεραμικός ( keramikos) Agricultural science is a broad multidisciplinary field that encompasses the parts of exact natural economic and Social sciences that are used in the practice and understanding The Saladoid are a native people of the Caribbean and Venezuela. Kitts up the archipelago from the banks of the Orinoco River in Venezuela. ORiNOCO is the brand name that was used for a family of wireless networking solutions by Proxim (previously Lucent) Venezuela (ˌvɛnəˈzweɪlə) officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela (Spanish República Bolivariana de Venezuela) is a country on the Around 800 AD, they were replaced by the Igneri people, members of the Arawak tribe. The Igneri were a pre- Colombian Ethnic group that was once part of the Arawak tribe The term Arawak (from aru, the Lokono word for Cassava flour was used to designate the Amerindians encountered by the Spanish in

Around 1300, the Kalinago, or Carib people arrived on the islands. Cariban languages Carib, Island Carib or Kalinago people after whom the Caribbean Sea was named live in the Lesser Antilles islands These war-like people quickly dispersed the Igneri, and forced them northwards to the Greater Antilles. The Greater Antilles is one of three island groups in the Caribbean. They named Saint Kitts "Liamuiga" meaning "fertile island", and would likely have expanded further north if not for the arrival of Europeans.

Early European contact with St. Kitts included the Spanish under Christopher Columbus, and a French Huguenot settlement at Dieppe in 1538. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Christopher Columbus (1451 &ndash May 20 1506 was an Italian Navigator, colonizer This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. The first permanent settlement was an English colony in 1623, followed by a French colony in 1625. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland The British and French briefly united to massacre the local Kalinago (preempting a Kalinago plan to massacre the Europeans), and then partitioned the island, with the English in the middle and the French on either end. The Kalinago Genocide of 1626 occurred in St Kitts at Bloody Point

The island alternated repeatedly between English and French control over the century, as one power took the whole island, only to have it switch hands due to treaties or further military action. Parts of the island were heavily fortified, as exemplified by UNESCO World Heritage Site at Brimstone Hill and the now-crumbling Fort Charles. Brimstone Hill Fortress National Park is a UNESCO World Heritage Site of historical cultural and architectural significance a monument to the ingenuity of the British Fort Charles is an old British Fort on the island of St Kitts. The island became British for the final time in 1783.

African slavery

The island originally produced tobacco, but changed to sugar cane in 1640 due to stiff competition from the colony of Virginia. Tobacco is an Agricultural product recognized as an addictive drug processed from the fresh Leaves of plants in the genus Nicotiana. Sugarcane ( Saccharum) is a genus of 6 to 37 species (depending on taxonomic interpretation of tall perennial grasses (family Poaceae tribe Andropogoneae The Commonwealth of Virginia ( is an American state The labour-intensive farming of sugar cane was the reason for the large-scale importation of African slaves. As a social-economic system slavery is a legal institution under which a Person (called "a slave" is compelled to work for another The importation began almost immediately upon the arrival of Europeans to the region.

The purchasing of enslaved Africans was outlawed in the British Empire by an Act of Parliament in 1807. The British Empire was the largest empire in history and for over a century was the foremost global power. Slavery was abolished by an Act of Parliament that became law on 1 August 1834. This emancipation was followed by four years of apprenticeship, put in place to protect the plantation owners from losing their labour force. The 1st August is now celebrated as a public holiday and is called Emancipation Day. Emancipation Day is celebrated in various locations in observation generally of the emancipation of slaves In 1883 St. Kitts, Nevis and Anguilla were all linked under one presidency, located on St. NEVIS, or New Exhaust Valve & Intake System, is a type of Internal combustion engine developed by Cesare Bortone in cooperation with the University Anguilla (English pronunciation ang-GWILL-ah, æŋˈɡwɪlə is a British overseas territory in the Caribbean, one of the most northerly of the Leeward Kitts, to the dismay of the Nevisians and Anguillans. Anguilla eventually separated out of this arrangement in 1971, after an armed raid on St. Kitts.

Sugar production continued to dominate the local economy until 2005, when, after 365 years as a monoculture, the government closed the sugar industry. This was due to the industry's huge losses and European Union plans to cut sugar prices by large amounts in the near future. The European Union ( EU) is a political and economic union of twenty-seven member states, located primarily in

• Lord Hercules George Robert Robinson was governor of Saint Christopher from 1855 to 1859. This page is about Baron Rosmead who became the 5th Governor of Hong Kong under the name Robinson
• Robert Bradshaw was a major political figure in St. Robert Llewellyn Bradshaw ( 16 September, 1916 - 23 May, 1978) was a labour activist Chief Minister and Premier of the island of Saint Kitts Kitts from 1932 to his death in 1978.
• Official Name: The Federation of St. Christopher and Nevis
• The History of St. Kitts Nevis: a Black Perspective

Transportation

Robert L. Bradshaw International Airport serves St. Robert L Bradshaw International Airport is an international airport located just northeast of Basseterre, on the island of Saint Kitts, serving the nation of Kitts.

Gallery

The peninsula on the south-east tip of St. Kitts. The island on the left is Nevis. NEVIS, or New Exhaust Valve & Intake System, is a type of Internal combustion engine developed by Cesare Bortone in cooperation with the University	Downtown Basseterre	Downtown Basseterre	Fishing boat, Basseterre harbor
Flamingo Tongue shell on a Sea Fan	Divers and anemone on the MV River Taw wreck	Juvenile Black or Grey Angelfish near a sunken van (see tail)	Diver and fish, MV River Taw wreck
Diver and sponges	Royal Gramma or Fairy Basslet

See also

• Culture of St. Kitts and Nevis
• Map of Saint Kitts

External links

• Saint Kitts Tourism Authority - Official Site
• Christmas Sports in Saint Kitts/Nevis
• Saint Kitts Music Festival