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Commune of Saint-Omer |
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| Location | |
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| Administration | |
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| Country | France |
| Region | Nord-Pas-de-Calais |
| Department | Pas-de-Calais (sous-préfecture) |
| Arrondissement | Saint-Omer |
| Canton | Chief town of 3 cantons |
| Intercommunality | Communauté d'agglomération de Saint-Omer |
| Mayor | Bruno Magnier (2008-2014) |
| Statistics | |
| Elevation | 0 m–27 m (avg. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. France is divided into 26 regions or régions (in French of which 21 are in continental Metropolitan France, one is the island of Corsica, Nord-Pas de Calais (French Nord-Pas de Calais; Dutch Noord-Nauw van Kales) is one of the 26 regions of France. In the context of the political and geographic organization of France and many of its former colonies a department (département depaʁtǝmɑ̃ is an Administrative division Pas-de-Calais is a department in northern France. Its name is the French language equivalent of the Strait of Dover, which it borders Subprefectures (sous-préfectures are the administrative towns of arrondissements in France that do not contain the prefecture for its department. The 100 French departments are divided into 342 arrondissements, which may be translated into English as districts. The arrondissement of Saint-Omer is an arrondissement of France located in the Pas-de-Calais département, in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais The cantons of France are territorial subdivisions of the French Republic's 341 arrondissements and 100 departments. The commune is the lowest level of administrative division in the French Republic. A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common 2014 ( MMXIV) will be a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. 6 m) |
| Land area¹ | 16. 4 km² |
| Population² (1999) |
15,747 |
| - Density | 961/km² (1999) |
| Miscellaneous | |
| INSEE/Postal code | 62765/ 62500 |
| 1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0. As of January 1, 2008, 64473140 people live in the French Republic. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume The INSEE code is a numerical indexing code used by the French National Institute for Statistics and Economic Studies (INSEE to identify various entities including communes Postal codes were introduced in France in 1972, when La Poste introduced automated sorting. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. An estuary is a semi-enclosed Coastal body of Water with one or more Rivers or Streams flowing into it and with a free connection to the open | |
| 2 Population sans doubles comptes: residents of multiple communes (e.g. students and military personnel) only counted once. C D E | |
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Saint-Omer (Sint-Omaars in Dutch), a town and commune of Artois in northern France, sous-préfecture of the Pas-de-Calais département, 68 km westnorthwest of Lille on the railway to Calais. Dutch ( is a West Germanic language spoken by around 24 million people 22 million of which are from the Netherlands, Belgium and Suriname The commune is the lowest level of administrative division in the French Republic. Artois (Artesië (adjective Artesian) is a former province of northern France. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Subprefectures (sous-préfectures are the administrative towns of arrondissements in France that do not contain the prefecture for its department. Pas-de-Calais is a department in northern France. Its name is the French language equivalent of the Strait of Dover, which it borders In the context of the political and geographic organization of France and many of its former colonies a department (département depaʁtǝmɑ̃ is an Administrative division Lille (lil Rijsel is a city in northern France. It is the principal city of the Lille Métropole, the fourth-largest Metropolitan area in the country Calais (kaˈlɛ in English often kæˈleɪ traditional English pronunciation /ˈkælɨs/ Kales is a town in northern France. The town is named after Saint Audomare (Omer) (d. Saint Audomar (d ca 670 AD better known as Saint Omer, was a Burgundy -born Bishop of Thérouanne, after whom nearby Saint-Omer in northern ca. 670 AD), who brought Christianity to the area. Events By Place Europe On the death of his brother Clotaire Childeric II becomes king of all of the Frankish kingdoms ( Austrasia
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Geography
The canalised portion of the river Aa begins at Saint-Omer, reaching the North Sea at Gravelines. Canals are artificial channels for water There are two types of canals water conveyance canals which are used for the conveyance and delivery of water and Waterways The Aa is an 89 km long river in northern France. Its source is near the village Bourthes. The North Sea is a marginal, Epeiric sea of the Atlantic Ocean on the European Continental shelf. Gravelines (Grevelingen is a small historic town and commune on the northern coast of France on the river Aa 15 miles (25 km south west of Dunkirk Below its walls, the Aa connects with the Neufossé canal, which ends at the Lys.
Main sights
The fortifications (which had been improved by Vauban in the 17th century) were demolished during the last decade of the 19th century and boulevards and new thoroughfares built in their place. Fortifications are Military Constructions and Buildings designed for defense in Warfare Humans have constructed defensive works for Sébastien Le Prestre Seigneur de Vauban and later Marquis de Vauban ( May 15, 1633 – March 30, 1707) commonly referred to The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar However, a section of the ramparts remains intact on the western side of the town, converted into a park known as the 'jardin public'. There are two harbours outside and one within the city. A harbor or harbour (see spelling differences) or haven, is a place where ships may shelter from the Weather or are stored Saint-Omer has wide streets and spacious squares, but little animation.
The old cathedral belongs almost entirely to the 13th, 14th and centuries. This article is about the history and organisation of the cathedral A heavy square tower finished in 1499 surmounts the west portal. The church contains interesting paintings, a colossal statue of Christ seated between the Virgin and St John (13th century, originally belonging to the cathedral of Thérouanne and presented by the emperor Charles V), the cenotaph of Saint Audomare (Omer) (13th century) and numerous ex-votos. Christ is the English term for the Greek ( Khristós) meaning "the anointed " Thérouanne is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais département in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France. Charles V (24 February 1500 &ndash 21 September 1558 was A cenotaph is a tomb or a Monument erected in honour of a person or group of persons whose remains are elsewhere The richly decorated chapel in the transept contains a wooden figure of the Virgin (12th century), the object of pilgrimages. Full descriptions of the elements of a Gothic floorplan are found at the entry Cathedral diagram. In Religion and Spirituality, a pilgrimage is a long journey or Search of great Moral significance Of St Bertin, the church of the abbey (built between 1326 and 1520 on the site of previous churches) where Childeric III retired to end his days, there remain some arches and a lofty tower, which serve to adorn a public garden. Childeric III (died about 753 was the last King of the Franks in the Merovingian dynasty from 743 to his deposition in 751 Several other churches or convent chapels are of interest, among them St Sepulchre (14th century), which has a beautiful stone spire and stained-glass windows. For the Blackford Oakes novel see Stained Glass (novel The term stained glass refers either to the material of coloured Glass or to the art
A fine collection of records, a picture-gallery, and a theatre are all accommodated in the town hall, built of the materials of the abbey of St Bertin. Theatre (or theater, see spelling differences) is the branch of the Performing arts defined by Bernard Beckerman as what "occurs when one A city hall or town hall is the chief administrative building of a City or Town 's administration and usually houses the city or There are several houses of the 16th and 17th centuries; of the latter the finest is the Hôtel Colbert, once the royal lodging, and now occupied by an archaeological museum. As a means of recording the passage of Time, the 17th Century was that Century which lasted from 1601 - 1700 in the Gregorian calendar Archaeology, archeology, or archæology (from Greek grc ἀρχαιολογία archaiologia – grc ἀρχαῖος archaīos A museum is a "permanent institution in the service of society and of its development open to the public which acquires conserves researches communicates and exhibits the Among the hospitals the military hospital is of note as occupying the well-known college opened by the English Jesuits in 1592, now part of the Lycée Alexandre Ribot. A hospital is an institution for Health care providing treatment by specialised staff and equipment and often but not always providing for England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland The Society of Jesus ( Latin: Societas Iesu, SJ and SI or SJ, SI) is a Catholic religious order The Lycée Alexandre Ribot is a School located at 42 rue Gambetta in the town of Saint-Omer ( Pas-de-Calais Département) France The old episcopal palace adjoining the cathedral is used as a court-house. The chief statue in the town is that of Jacqueline Robin.
Economy
The industries include the manufacture of linen goods, sugar, soap, tobacco pipes, and mustard, the distilling of oil and liqueurs, dyeing, salt-refining, malting and brewing. Linen is a Textile made from the Fibers of the Flax plant Linum usitatissimum. Sugar is a class of edible Crystalline substances mainly Sucrose, Lactose, and Fructose. SOAP (see below for name and origins is a protocol for exchanging XML -based messages over Computer networks normally using Mustard is a thick yellowish-brown paste with a sharp taste made from the ground seeds of a Mustard plant (white or yellow mustard Sinapis hirta Brewing is the production of Alcoholic beverage and Alcohol fuel through fermentation.
Demographics
The suburb of Haut Pont to the north of Saint-Omer is inhabited by a community which continues to speak the local West Flemish dialect of the Dutch language, wear its traditional costume and maintain their peculiar customs, and claim particular pride in their honesty and industry. West Flemish (West Flemish Vlaemsch/Vlaams, Dutch: West-Vlaams, French: Flamand occidental) is a group of Dutch dialects spoken in Dutch ( is a West Germanic language spoken by around 24 million people 22 million of which are from the Netherlands, Belgium and Suriname The land which these people cultivate has been reclaimed from the marsh, and the lègres (square blocks of land) communicate with each other by boat on the ditches and canals that divide them.
Nearby areas
At the end of the marsh, on the borders of the forest of Clairmarais, are the ruins of the abbey founded in 1140 by Thierry of Alsace, where Thomas Becket sought refuge in 1165. Thierry of Alsace (Dietrich (c 1099 &ndash January 17, 1168) in Flanders known as Diederik van den Elzas, was Count of Flanders from 1128 St Thomas Becket (c 1118 &ndash December 29, 1170) was Archbishop of Canterbury from 1162 to 1170 To the south of Saint-Omer, on a hill commanding the Aa, lies the camp of Helfaut, often called the camp of Saint-Omer.
On the Canal de Neufossé, near the town, is the Ascenseur des Fontinettes, a hydraulic lift which once raised and lowered canal boats to and from the Aa, over a height of 12m. The Fontinettes Boat Lift (French Ascenseur des Fontinettes) was built in the late 19th century in Arques, near Saint-Omer in the Pas-de-Calais This was replaced in 1967 by a large lock. Year 1967 ( MCMLXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. A lock is a device for raising and lowering boats between stretches of water of different levels on river and canal Waterways.
During the Second World War the area was chosen as a launch site for the V-2 rocket. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including See also Vergeltungswaffe The V-2 rocket ( Vergeltungswaffe 2 was the first Ballistic missile and first man-made object to achieve The nearby blockhouse at Éperlecques and underground complex of La Coupole were built for this purpose and are open to the public. In Military science, a blockhouse is a small isolated Fort in the form of a single building Éperlecques (Sperleke is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais département in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France. La Coupole ("The Cupola" is the name of a World War II Bunker constructed by Nazi Germany in a former Limestone Quarry
History
Omer, bishop of Thérouanne, in the 7th century established the monastery of St Bertin, from which that of Notre-Dame was an offshoot. The former French diocese of Thérouanne was suppressed in 1537 as a result of war damage to its see at Thérouanne, in the modern department of Pas-de-Calais. The 7th century is the period from 601 to 700 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. This article concerns the buildings occupied by monastics. For the life inside monasteries and its historical roots see Monasticism. St Bertin (c 615-c 709 is a Saint and abbot of Saint-Omer. He was born near Coutances. Rivalry and dissension, which lasted till the French Revolution, soon sprang up between the two monasteries, becoming especially virulent when in 1559 St Omer became a bishopric and Notre-Dame was raised to the rank of cathedral. The French Revolution (1789–1799 was a period of political and social upheaval in the History of France, during which the French governmental structure previously an
In the 9th century the village which grew up round the monasteries took the name of St Omer. The 9th century is the period from 801 to 900 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. The Normans laid the place waste about 860 and 880, but ten years later found town and monastery surrounded by walls and safe from their attack. The Normans were the people who gave their names to Normandy, a region in northern France. This article is about the year 860 For the area code see Area code 860. See Interstate 880 for the American Freeway Events By Place Europe Oldest known mention of the city of
Situated on the borders of territories frequently disputed by French, Flemish, English and Spaniards, St Omer long continued subject to siege and military disaster. Flanders (Vlaanderen Flandre Flandern is a geographical region located in parts of present day Belgium, France, and the Netherlands. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. In 1071 Philip I and Count Arnulf III of Flanders were defeated at St Omer by Robert the Frisian. Philip I ( 23 May 1052 &ndash 29 July 1108) called the Amorous or the Fat, was King of France from 1060 Arnulf III (c 1055 &ndash February 22 1071, in battle was Count of Flanders and Count of Hainaut, as Arnulf I from 1070 to his Robert I of Flanders (b between 1029 and 1032–13 October 1093 Kassel) known as Robert the Frisian, was Count of Flanders from 1071 to 1092 In 1127 the town received a communal charter from William Clito, count of Flanders. William Clito ( 25 October 1102 &ndash 28 July 1128) was the son of Robert Curthose, Duke of Normandy, by his marriage In 1340 a large battle was fought in the towns suburbs between an Anglo-Flemish army and a French one under Eudes IV, Duke of Burgundy in which the Flemish force was forced to withdraw. The battle of Saint-Omer was a large action fought in 1340 as part of King Edward III 's summer campaign against France launched from Flanders Eudes IV (1295 &ndash 3 April 1350) was Duke of Burgundy from 1315 until his death and Count of Burgundy and Artois between 1330
In 1493 it came to the Low Countries as part of the Spanish dominion. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands The French made futile attempts against it between 1551 and 1596, and again in 1638 (under Cardinal Richelieu) and 1647. This article is about a cardinal For information on the Russian also called The Red Eminence, see Mikhail Andreyevich Suslov. But in 1677, after seventeen days' siege, Louis XIV forced the town to capitulate; and the peace of Nijmegen permanently confirmed the conquest. Early years Birth and ancestry Louis XIV was born in the Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye on September 5 1638 and bore the Heir apparent The Treaties of Peace of Nijmegen ( Négotiations de Nimegue or Négotiations de la Paix de Nimègue) were a series of treaties signed in the Dutch city In 1711 St Omer, on the verge of surrendering to Prince Eugene of Savoy and Marlborough owing to famine, was saved by the daring of Jacqueline Robin, who risked her life in bringing provisions into the place. Year 1711 ( MDCCXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a This article refers to the Austrian Habsburg military leader for the stepson of Napoleon Bonaparte see Eugène de Beauharnais. A famine is a widespread shortage of food that may apply to any Faunal species which phenomenon is usually accompanied by regional Malnutrition, Starvation St Omer ceased to be a bishopric in 1801. Year 1801 ( MDCCCI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting on Tuesday
Miscellaneous
Saint-Omer is the seat of a court of assizes and tribunals, of a chamber of commerce, and of a board of trade arbitration. Besides the Lycée Alexandre Ribot, there are schools of music and of art. The Lycée Alexandre Ribot is a School located at 42 rue Gambetta in the town of Saint-Omer ( Pas-de-Calais Département) France
The public library of Saint-Omer holds, in its rare books section[1], one of the three French copies of the 42-line Gutenberg Bible, originally from the library of the abbey of St Bertin. A public library (also called circulating library) is a Library which is accessible by the Public and is generally funded from public sources (such Gutenberg Bible (also known as the 42-line Bible or the Mazarin Bible) is a printed version of the Latin Vulgate translation of the Bible that The other two copies are in Paris. Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city
Godfrey of Saint-Omer, a Flemish knight and one of the founding members of the Knights Templar in 1119, is said to have come from the family of the Lords of Saint-Omer. Godfrey of Saint-Omer (also known as Gaufred Godefroi or Godfrey de St Omer Saint Omer was a Flemish Knight, one of the founding members of the Knights Templar The County of Flanders was a historical region in the Low Countries. Knight is the English term for a social position originating in the Middle Ages. The Poor Fellow-Soldiers of Christ and of the Temple of Solomon (Pauperes commilitones Christi Templique Solomonici commonly known as the Knights Templar or the Order
Births
Saint-Omer was the birthplace of:
- Hippolyte Carnot (1801-1888), statesman
- Alexandre Ribot (1842-1923), statesman, four times Prime Minister. Lazare Hippolyte Carnot ( October 6, 1801 – March 16, 1888) was a French statesman Alexandre-Félix-Joseph Ribot (7 February 1842 13 January 1923 was a French politician four times Prime Minister. Early Modern France Chief Ministers of the French Kings Armand Jean du Plessis Cardinal Richelieu 1624-1642 Jules Cardinal
Twinned cities
Saint Omer is twinned with:
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See also
External link and reference
- English translation of the text of the 1127 charter
- This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain. In Cryptography, DEAL ( Data Encryption Algorithm with Larger blocks) is a Block cipher derived from the Data Encryption Standard (DES The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Detmold (ˈdɛtmɔlt is a City in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, with a population of about 74000 Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Ypres ( French, generally used in English French ipʁ English ˈiːprə Ieper (official name in Dutch, pronounced /ˈiːpər/ or Ypern The Kingdom of Belgium is a Country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters as well as those The Lycée Alexandre Ribot is a School located at 42 rue Gambetta in the town of Saint-Omer ( Pas-de-Calais Département) France The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911 is a 29-volume reference work that marked the beginning of the Encyclopædia Britannica The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone
- Webpage on the fortifications
- Website of the Lycée Alexandre Ribot, Saint Omer
- Audowiki
References
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