The years of Empress Saimei's reign or the Saimei (Japanese: 斉明) period should not be misunderstood as a Japanese era name (年号, nengō, lit. is a language spoken by over 130 million people in Japan and in Japanese emigrant communities The Japanese era calendar scheme is a common Calendar scheme used in Japan, which identifies a year by the combination of the and the year number within the era year name) following after the Hakuchi era. A year (from Old English gēr) is the time between two recurrences of an event related to the Orbit of the Earth around the Sun was a after the ''Taika'' era and before a late 7th century gap in the sequence of nengō which would stretch uninterrupted from the proclamation of the new era Taihō The nengō system which was introduced in reign of Emperor Kotoku was abandoned at the end of his reign, and the era name was not updated.

For further discussion, see Talk:Japanese era name.

During the years after Emperor Kōtoku, the reigning sovereign was Saimei-tennō (斉明天皇). Empress Kōgyoku (皇極天皇 Kōgyoku-tennō) also Empress Saimei (斉明天皇 Saimei-tennō) (594&ndash August 24, 661) was the ^[1] The first year of Empress Saimei's rule (斉明天皇元年; 655) could be arguably abbreviated as "the first year of Saimei" (斉明元年; 655)), but this is nowhere understood as a true nengō. Events By Place Europe November 15 — Northumbrian king Oswiu defeats Mercian king Penda in the Events By Place Europe November 15 — Northumbrian king Oswiu defeats Mercian king Penda in the The reigns of Japanese emperors and empresses are not nengō, nor were the two considered to be the same until Meiji came on the scene.

References to the emperors that ruled during this period are properly written as, for example,

• "the 3rd year of Saimei" (斉明天皇３年), and
• not "Saimei 3" (斉明３年).

Nengō were abolished during the interregnum years between Hakuchi and Shuchō, and again between Shuchō and Taihō.

• The commonly accepted pre-Tahiō nengō are:
• Taika: 645. 6. 19–650. 2. 15
• Hakuchi: 650. 2. 15–654. 10. ?
  • GAP/interregnum
• Shuchō: 686. 7. 20–686. 9. ?
  • GAP/interregnum
• Taihō: 701. 3. 21–704. 5. 10

Contents 1 Non-nengō period 2 Events of the Saimei period 3 References 3.1 Notes 3.2 Further reading 3.3 External links

Non-nengō period

• the 1st year of Saimei's reign (斉明天皇元年; 655): A new period is marked by the beginning of the reign of Empress Saimei, but the end of the previous nengō Hakuchi 6 does not imply the commencement of a new nengō. Events By Place Europe November 15 — Northumbrian king Oswiu defeats Mercian king Penda in the This practice was allowed to lapse until it was restored at the beginning of the 8th century.

Events of the Saimei period

• Hakuchi 4 (654): Emperor Kōtoku, in the 10th year of his reign (孝徳天皇10年), dies at age 59; and his nephew and heir declines the succession (‘‘senso’’). Events By Place Europe Rhodes is invaded by an Arab force remains of the Colossus of Rhodes are sold off Shortly thereafter, Empress Saimei formally accedes to the throne (‘‘sokui’’). ^[2]

• In the 7th year of Saimei, in the 7th month (661): Empress Saimei, in the 3rd year of her reign (斉明天皇3年), designated her son as her heir; and modern scholars construe this as meaning that this son would have received the succession (‘‘senso’’) after her death or abdication. Events By Place Europe Perctarit and Godepert become co-rulers of the Lombards, following the death of their Shortly after she did die at age 68, Emperor Tenji could be said to have acceded to the throne (‘‘sokui’’). ^[3]

The first time she reigned three and a half years; and the second time she reigned for seven yeers. The total number of years in which she reigned as sovereign was ten years. ^[4]

References

Notes

Further reading

• Brown, Delmer and Ichiro Ishida, eds. (1979). Gukanshō; "The Future and the Past: a translation and study of the 'Gukanshō,' an interpretive history of Japan written in 1219" translated from the Japanese and edited by Delmer M. is a historical and literary work about the history of Japan Seven volumes in length it was composed by Buddhist priest Jien of the Tendai sect c Brown & Ichirō Ishida. Berkeley: University of California Press. University of California Press, also known as UC Press, is a Publishing house associated with the University of California that engages in Academic ISBN0-520-03460-0
• Titsingh, Isaac. Isaac Titsingh ( 10 January 1745 in Amsterdam – 2 February 1812 in Paris) was a Dutch surgeon scholar merchant-trader (1834). [Siyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō (1652)]. Hayashi Gahō (林鵞峰 (1618 &ndash 1688 also known as Hayashi Shunsai, was a Japanese Neo-Confucian scholar teacher and administrator in the system of Nipon o daï itsi ran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon, tr. is a 17th century chronicle of the serial reigns of Japanese emperors with brief notes about some of the noteworthy events or other happenings during each period par M. Isaac Titsingh avec l'aide de plusieurs interprètes attachés au comptoir hollandais de Nangasaki; ouvrage re. , complété et cor. sur l'original japonais-chinois, accompagné de notes et précédé d'un Aperçu d'histoire mythologique du Japon, par M. J. Klaproth. Julius Heinrich Klaproth (1783-1835 German Orientalist and traveller Paris: Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. The Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland (RAS was according to its Royal Charter of August 11, 1824 --Two digitized examples of this rare book have now been made available online: (1) from the library of the University of Michigan, digitized January 30, 2007; and (2) from the library of Stanford University, digitized June 23, 2006. Click here to read the original text in French.
• Varley, H. Paul , ed. (1980). [Kitabatake Chitafusa, 1359], Jinnō Shōtōki ("A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki of Kitabatake Chikafusa" translated by H. is a Japanese historical book written by Kitabatake Chikafusa (北畠親房 a court noble in the ''Nanboku-chō'' period Paul Varley). New York: Columbia University Press. Columbia University Press is a University press based in New York City, and affiliated with Columbia University. ISBN 0-231-04940-4

External links

• National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

Saimei period	1st	2nd	3rd	4th	5th	6th	7th	8th
Gregorian	655	656	657	658	659	660	661	662

Preceded by Hakuchi	Era or nengō abolished in this period	Succeeded by -- abolished --
	Sovereign/tennō's_reign: Saimei period	Succeeded by Tenji period

The Gregorian calendar is the most widely used Calendar in the world today Events By Place Europe November 15 — Northumbrian king Oswiu defeats Mercian king Penda in the Events By Place Europe Oswiu of Northumbria annexes Mercia Asia The Battle of Events By Place Asia The Chinese Tang Dynasty under Emperor Gaozong of Tang defeats a Turkish army Events By place Europe The Union of Slavic Tribes falls apart after King Samo 's death This article is about a year Events By Place Europe Ealdormen in Mercia rebel against Northumbrian rule and Events By Place Europe Slavic principality of Carantania is first mentioned in historical sources Events By Place Europe Perctarit and Godepert become co-rulers of the Lombards, following the death of their Events The regent Grimuald usurps the kingship of the Lombards, driving Perctarit into exile and killing Godepert. was a after the ''Taika'' era and before a late 7th century gap in the sequence of nengō which would stretch uninterrupted from the proclamation of the new era Taihō The Japanese era calendar scheme is a common Calendar scheme used in Japan, which identifies a year by the combination of the and the year number within the era The Japanese era calendar scheme is a common Calendar scheme used in Japan, which identifies a year by the combination of the and the year number within the era The years of Emperor Tenji's reign or the Tenji (天智 period should not be misunderstood as a Japanese era name (年号 nengō, lit

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