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For the title character, see Sailor Moon (character); for the first story arc, see Dark Kingdom arc.
Sailor Moon

The major characters of the Sailor Moon anime
美少女戦士セーラームーン
(Bishōjo Senshi Sērā Mūn)
Genre Adventure, Magical girl, Romance
Manga: Pretty Soldier Sailor Moon
Author Naoko Takeuchi
Publisher Flag of Japan Kodansha
Demographic Shōjo
Magazine Flag of Japan Nakayoshi and Run Run
Flag of the United States Mixxzine and Smile
Original run February 1992 – March 1997
Volumes original: 18; renewed: 12
TV anime: Pretty Soldier Sailor Moon (SM, SM:R, SM:S, SM:Supers, SM:Sailor Stars)
Director Jun'ichi Satoh, Kunihiko Ikuhara, Takuya Igarashi
Studio Toei Animation
Network Flag of Japan TV Asahi
Original run March 7, 1992 – February 8, 1997
Episodes 200 (SM:46, R:43, S:38, Supers:39, SailorStars:34), various Specials
Films
Musical series

Sailor Moon musicals (Seramyu): 25 stage shows based on the Sailor Moon franchise were released between 1993 and 2005. The adventure genre, in the context of a Narrative, is typically applied to works in which the Protagonist or other major characters are consistently placed in dangerous belong to a sub-genre of Japanese fantasy Anime and Manga. Magical girl stories feature young girls with superhuman abilities who are forced to fight evil and protect As a Literary genre of High culture, romance or chivalric romance refers to a style of heroic Prose and verse Narrative ˈmɑŋgə is the Japanese word for Comics (sometimes called komikku コミック and print Cartoons In their modern form manga date from shortly born March 15, 1967, is a Manga artist who lives in Tokyo, Japan. is the largest Japanese publisher headquartered in ( Bunkyo) Tokyo. is a Japanese word originally derived from a Chinese expression written with the same characters is a Shōjo manga magazine published by Kodansha in Japan which began publication in December 1954, making it a long-running magazine Tokyopop magazine, originally named MixxZine, was a Manga anthology published in North America by Tokyopop (originally SMILE is an international magazine of multiple origins Since 1984 an estimated 100 different issues of SMILE have been published by different people in different countries is the Japanese term for a book that is complete in itself and is not part of a series though the Manga industry uses it for volumes which may be in a series Television ( TV) is a widely used Telecommunication medium for sending ( Broadcasting) and receiving moving Images, either monochromatic (anime in Japanese, is a Japanese director of Anime born March 11, 1960 in Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan. Kunihiko Ikuhara (幾原邦彦 Ikuhara Kunihiko) (born December 21 1964) is a Japanese is a Japanese freelance Anime director who originally worked for Toei Animation. ( is a Japanese animation studio owned by Toei Co Ltd. The studio was originally founded in 1948 as Japan Animated Films (日本動画映画 Nihon Dōga Eiga often shortened ( also known as EX and, is a Television network headquartered in Roppongi, Minato Tokyo, Japan. Events 161 - Roman Emperor Antoninus Pius dies and is succeeded by co-Emperors Marcus Aurelius and Lucius Verus Year 1992 ( MCMXCII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar) Events 421 - Constantius III becomes co- Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar This is a list of episodes of the Japanese Anime series Sailor Moon. Sailor Moon R The Movie is the first of three theatrically released Sailor Moon movies Sailor Moon S The Movie is the second of three theatrically released Sailor Moon movies Sailor Moon Supers The Movie is the third theatrically released Sailor Moon movie Musical theatre is a form of Theatre combining Music, Songs spoken Dialogue and Dance. The, commonly referred to as, are a series of live theatre productions based on Naoko Takeuchi 's Metaseries Sailor Moon.

Live-action series

Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon: a 49 episode live action series directed by Ryuta Tasaki ran from October 4, 2003, to September 25, 2004. is a Japanese word that literally means " Special effects " It is primarily used to refer to Live-action Japanese Film and (often abbreviated to PGSM) is a Tokusatsu Television series in the Bishōjo Senshi Sailor Moon Metaseries originally created by is a Japanese Film director from Tokyo. Tasaki is most known for directing episodes of Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon, Cutie Honey The Live, the Events 610 - Heraclius arrives by ship from Africa at Constantinople, overthrows Byzantine Emperor Phocas Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 303 - On a voyage preaching the Gospel, Saint Fermin of Pamplona is beheaded in Amiens, France "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " There were also two direct-to-video releases: a sequel (Special Act), and a prequel (Act Zero). A sequel is a work in Literature, Film, or other media that portrays events following those of a previous work A prequel is a work that portrays events and/or aspects of a previously completed narrative but is set prior to the existing narrative

Video games

Quite a few Sailor Moon video games have been released, mainly in Japan, with very few ever being translated into other languages. A video game is a Game that involves interaction with a User interface to generate visual feedback on a video device. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics.

Related series

Sailor Moon (美少女戦士セーラームーン Bishōjo Senshi Sērā Mūn?, officially translated as Pretty Soldier Sailor Moon) is the title of a Japanese media franchise created by Naoko Takeuchi. is a Manga created by Naoko Takeuchi. It is about Minako Aino, a cheerful schoolgirl who finds out that she has magical powers that she must use to protect For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. A media franchise is an Intellectual property involving the characters, setting, and Trademarks of an original work of media (usually born March 15, 1967, is a Manga artist who lives in Tokyo, Japan. It is generally credited with popularizing the concept of a sentai (team) of magical girls, as well as the general (re-)emergence of the magical girl genre itself. is a Japanese language word for a Military unit and may be literally translated as "task force" " group " or " wing " belong to a sub-genre of Japanese fantasy Anime and Manga. Magical girl stories feature young girls with superhuman abilities who are forced to fight evil and protect A genre (ˈʒɑːnrə also /ˈdʒɑːnrə/ from French "kind" or "sort" from Latin: genus (stem gener-) is a loose set

The story of the various metaseries revolves around the reincarnated defenders of a kingdom that once spanned the solar system, and the evil forces that they battle. A metaseries includes stories which reference each other and some overall similar chronology cast and/or background but are not similar enough to be considered direct Sequels The Solar System consists of the Sun and those celestial objects bound to it by Gravity. The major characters—called Sailor Senshi (literally "Sailor Soldiers"; frequently called "Sailor Scouts" in the North American version)—are teenage girls who can transform into heroines named for the moon and planets (Sailor Moon, Sailor Mercury, Sailor Mars, etc). A is a type of Heroine from the Metaseries known as Sailor Moon. A planet, as defined by the International Astronomical Union (IAU is a celestial body Orbiting a Star or stellar remnant that is The use of "Sailor" comes from a style of girls' school uniform popular in Japan, the sērā fuku (sailor outfit), after which the Senshi's uniforms are modeled. Japan introduced school uniforms in the late 19th century Today School uniforms are almost universal in the public and private school systems The elements of fantasy in the series are heavily symbolic and often based on mythology. Fantasy is a Genre that uses magic and other Supernatural forms as a primary element of plot, theme, and/or setting The musical instrument is spelled Cymbal. A symbol is something --- such as an object, Picture, written word a sound a piece The word mythology (from the Greek grc μυθολογία mythología, meaning "a story-telling a legendary lore"

Creation of the Sailor Moon manga was preceded by another, Codename: Sailor V, which centered around just one Sailor Senshi. ˈmɑŋgə is the Japanese word for Comics (sometimes called komikku コミック and print Cartoons In their modern form manga date from shortly is a Manga created by Naoko Takeuchi. It is about Minako Aino, a cheerful schoolgirl who finds out that she has magical powers that she must use to protect Takeuchi devised the idea when she wanted to create a cute series about girls in outer space, and her editor asked her to put them in sailor fuku. Outer space, often simply called space, comprises the relatively empty regions of the Universe outside the escape velocities of Celestial bodies. [1] When Sailor V was proposed for adaptation into an anime, the concept was modified so that Sailor V herself became only one member of a team. (anime in Japanese, is one of the central characters in the Sailor Moon Metaseries. The resulting manga series was a fusion of the popular magical girl and sentai genres of which Takeuchi was a fan,[2] making Sailor Moon one of the first series ever to combine the two. The is the name given to the long running Japanese Superhero team genre of shows produced by Toei Company Ltd Fans in Little Italyjpg|thumb|right|Fans in Little Italy Manhattan celebrating the victory of the Italian association football team after the 2006 FIFA World Cup]][[Image Wm-oly-de-cr

The manga resulted in spinoffs into other types of media, including a highly popular anime, as well as musical theatre productions, video games, and a live-action (tokusatsu) series. Musical theatre is a form of Theatre combining Music, Songs spoken Dialogue and Dance. A video game is a Game that involves interaction with a User interface to generate visual feedback on a video device. is a Japanese word that literally means " Special effects " It is primarily used to refer to Live-action Japanese Film and Although most concepts in the many versions overlap, there are often notable differences, and thus continuity between the different formats is limited. In Fiction, continuity (also called time-scheme) is consistency of the characteristics of persons plot, objects places and events seen by the reader or

Contents

Story

The protagonist of Sailor Moon is Usagi Tsukino, who lives as an ordinary middle school girl until she is found by a talking cat named Luna. The Sailor Moon Metaseries includes three different Cat characters who act as advisors to their respective owners Through Luna, Usagi learns that the world is about to be attacked by a Dark Kingdom that had appeared once before, long ago, and destroyed the kingdom of the moon. The is an organization of antagonists in the Sailor Moon Metaseries. The Silver Millennium is a fictional kingdom in the Sailor Moon Metaseries. Her dormant powers are then awakened to defend the Earth against the coming onslaught, and she is led to a number of friends who join her in the battle.

Usagi fights using the identity of Sailor Moon, and as the story progresses she learns more and more about the enemies which face her and the evil force that is sending them. is a fictional character and the main villain in the Sailor Moon universe. Gradually she discovers the truth about her own past life, her destined true love, and the possibilities for the future of the Solar System. Love is any of a number of Emotions and experiences related to a sense of strong Affection. The Solar System consists of the Sun and those celestial objects bound to it by Gravity.

The plot spans five major story arcs, each of which is represented in both the manga and anime, usually under different names. A story arc is an extended or continuing storyline in episodic storytelling media such as Television, Comic books Comic strips These are the Dark Kingdom arc, the Black Moon arc (Sailor Moon R), the Infinity arc (Sailor Moon S), the Dream arc (Sailor Moon Supers), and the Stars arc (Sailor Stars). The anime added an additional minor arc at the start of the second series, and spent the first few episodes of Sailor Stars wrapping up the plot from the previous series. The Makaiju arc is an early set of episodes from the Sailor Moon Anime series

Characters

See also: List of minor Sailor Moon characters
Usagi Tsukino (月野 うさぎ Tsukino Usagi?)
The main character of the series, called Serena in the English anime (nicknamed Bunny in the English manga). This is a list of recurring supporting characters from the Sailor Moon Metaseries. English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States Usagi is a carefree schoolgirl with an enormous capacity for love, and transforms into the heroine called Sailor Moon. At the beginning of the series she is portrayed as an immature crybaby who hates having to fight evil and wants nothing more than to be a normal girl. As she progresses, however, she embraces the chance to use her power to protect those she cares about.
Mamoru Chiba (地場 衛 Chiba Mamoru?)
A student somewhat older than Usagi, called Darien in the English adaptations of the series. is a Fictional character and the primary male Protagonist of the Sailor Moon Metaseries. As a young child he was in a terrible car accident that robbed him of his parents and his knowledge of who he is. Amnesia (from Greek) is a condition in which Memory is disturbed During the series he has some precognitive ability, including dreams that inspire him to take on the guise of Tuxedo Mask and fight alongside the Sailor Senshi. Precognition (from the Latin præ- “prior to” + cognitio “a getting to know” denotes a form of Extrasensory perception where in a person is said to perceive After an initially confrontational relationship, he and Usagi remember their past lives together and fall in love again.
Ami Mizuno (水野 亜美 Mizuno Ami?)
A quiet bookworm in Usagi's class, called Amy in the English adaptations of the series. is one of the central characters in the Sailor Moon Metaseries. Bibliophilia is the love of Books Accordingly a bibliophile loves books but especially "for Qualities of Format. She is hugely intelligent, with a rumored IQ of 300,[3] can transform into Sailor Mercury, acquiring power over all phases of water. An Intelligence Quotient or IQ is a score derived from one of several different Standardized tests attempting to measure Intelligence. Water is a common Chemical substance that is essential for the survival of all known forms of Life. Ami's shy exterior masks a passion for knowledge and for taking care of the people around her. She hopes to be a doctor one day, like her mother, and tends to be the practical one in the group. A physician, medical practitioner or medical doctor who practices Medicine, and is concerned with maintaining or restoring human Health Secretly, she is also a fan of pop culture and romance novels, and becomes embarrassed whenever this is pointed out. Popular culture (or pop culture) is the Culture — patterns of human activity and the symbolic structures that give such activities significance and importance — A romance novel is a literary Genre developed in Western culture, mainly in English-speaking countries
Rei Hino (火野 レイ Hino Rei?)
An elegant miko (shrine maiden), called Raye in the English versions. is one of the central characters in the Sailor Moon Metaseries. is a Japanese term that anciently meant "female shaman shamaness medium prophet priestess" who conveyed divine oracles and currently means "shrine maiden virgin consecrated Because of her work as a Shintō priestess, Rei can sense and dispel evil even in civilian form. is the native religion of Japan and was once its State religion. When she transforms into Sailor Mars, she can also manipulate fire. Fire is the heat and light energy released during a Chemical reaction, in particular a combustion reaction. She is very serious and focused, but although easily annoyed by Usagi's flightiness, cares about her very much. Rei is portrayed as boy-crazy in the early anime, but is uninterested in romance in both the manga and live-action series. She attends a private Catholic school, separate from the other girls. This article is about Catholic schools in general for specific schools named Catholic High School, see Catholic High School (disambiguation.
Makoto Kino (木野 まこと Kino Makoto?)
A tomboy who transfers into Usagi's school, called Lita in the English versions. is one of the central characters in the Sailor Moon Metaseries. Tomboy is a Girl who behaves according to the Gender role of a Boy. Very tall and strong for a Japanese schoolgirl, she can transform into Sailor Jupiter, attacking with lightning and with some control over plants. Lightning is an atmospheric discharge of Electricity, which typically occurs during Thunderstorms and sometimes during volcanic eruptions or Plants are living Organisms belonging to the kingdom Plantae. Both Makoto's parents died in a plane crash years ago, so she lives alone and takes care of herself. She cultivates her physical strength as well as more domestic interests, including housekeeping, cooking, and gardening. Cooking is the process of preparing Food by applying Heat, selecting measuring and combining of ingredients in an ordered procedure for producing safe and edible Gardening is the practice of growing Plants for their attractive flowers or foliage and Vegetables or Fruits for consumption She wants to marry young and to own a flower and cake shop.
Minako Aino (愛野 美奈子 Aino Minako?)
A perky dreamer who acted on her own as Sailor V for some time. is one of the central characters in the Sailor Moon Metaseries. is a Manga created by Naoko Takeuchi. It is about Minako Aino, a cheerful schoolgirl who finds out that she has magical powers that she must use to protect Called Mina in the English versions, she has a companion cat called Artemis who works alongside Luna in guiding the Sailor Senshi. The Sailor Moon Metaseries includes three different Cat characters who act as advisors to their respective owners Minako transforms into Sailor Venus, Soldier of Love, and is the leader of Sailor Moon's four inner guardians. Love is any of a number of Emotions and experiences related to a sense of strong Affection. She also dreams of becoming a famous singer and idol and attends auditions whenever she can. ‎ Teen idols refers to someone idolized by teens a teen idol is often young but in many cases no longer teenaged An audition is a sample performance by an Actor, Singer, Musician, Dancer or other performer At the start of the live-action series, she is already these things, but has poor health and separates herself from the other Senshi.
Chibiusa (ちびうさ?)
A little girl from 1,000 years in the future, called Rini in the English versions of the series. is one of the central characters in the Sailor Moon Metaseries. is one of the central characters in the Sailor Moon Metaseries. She comes to the 20th century on several occasions, whether to seek help or to be trained as a soldier, and learns to transform into Sailor Chibi Moon (or, in the English anime, Sailor Mini Moon). Chibiusa co-stars with Usagi in certain story arcs, though they sometimes have an adversarial relationship. She considers herself much more mature than Usagi, and wants to grow up and become a lady in her own right.
Setsuna Meioh (冥王 せつな Meiō Setsuna?)
A mysterious woman, called Trista in the English anime. is one of the central Fictional characters in the Sailor Moon Metaseries. She is first revealed as Sailor Pluto, the Guardian of Time, whose duty is to protect the Space-Time Door from unauthorized travelers. SpaceTime is a patent-pending three dimensional graphical user interface that allows end users to search their content such as Google Google Images Yahoo! YouTube eBay Amazon and RSS It is only later that she appears on Earth, living as a college student. She has a distant personality and can be very stern, but can also be quite friendly and helps the younger Sailor Senshi when she can. After so long at the gate of time she carries a deep sense of loneliness, although she is close friends with Chibiusa. Loneliness is an Emotional state in which a Person experiences a powerful feeling of Emptiness and isolation.
Michiru Kaioh (海王 みちる Kaiō Michiru?)
A talented violinist with some precognition, called Michelle in the English anime. is one of the central characters in the Sailor Moon Metaseries. The violin is a bowed String instrument with four strings usually tuned in Perfect fifths It is the smallest and highest-pitched member She is a year older than most of the other Sailor Senshi and can transform into Sailor Neptune, channeling the power of the ocean. An ocean (from Greek, ''Okeanos'' (Oceanus) is a major body of saline water, and a principal component of the Hydrosphere. She worked alone for some time before finding her partner, Sailor Uranus, with whom she fell in love. Michiru is elegant and personable, already well-known for her music as well as her painting, but has given up her own dreams for the life of a Senshi. Painting (pān'tīng in Art, is the practice of applying Color to a Surface (support base such as e She is fully devoted to this duty and willing to make any sacrifice for it.
Haruka Tenoh (天王 はるか Ten'ō Haruka?)
A good-natured, masculine-acting girl, called Amara in the English anime. is one of the central characters in the Sailor Moon Metaseries. Haruka is the same age as her partner, Michiru, and transforms into Sailor Uranus, Soldier of the Sky. The sky is the part of the Atmosphere or of Outer space visible from the surface of any Astronomical object. Before becoming a Sailor Senshi, she dreamt of being a racer, and is skilled at driving. She tends to dress and, in the anime, speak like a man. Cross-dressing is the act of wearing clothing commonly associated with another gender within a particular Society. Androgyny is a term derived from the Greek words ανήρ ( anér, meaning man and γυνή ( gyné, meaning woman that can refer to either of two She is so friendly and genial that nearly everyone she meets is attracted to her. When it comes to fighting the enemy, however, she distrusts outside help and prefers to work solely with Sailor Neptune and later Pluto and Saturn.
Hotaru Tomoe (土萠 ほたる Tomoe Hotaru?)
A sweet, lonely young girl whose name is unchanged in English (though pronounced slightly differently). is one of the central characters in the Sailor Moon Metaseries. Daughter of a possessed mad scientist, she is sickly and weak as the result of a terrible lab accident in her youth. A laboratory (informally lab) is a facility that provides controlled conditions in which scientific Research, Experiments and After overcoming the darkness that has surrounded her family, she is able to become the Soldier of Silence, Sailor Saturn. Silence is a relative or total lack of audible Sound you can not hear a thing it is quiet She wields forces of destruction so powerful that she is rarely called upon to use them, and unlike the others, her Senshi and civilian personae seem somewhat disconnected. She is often pensive, and as a human has the inexplicable power to heal others. Healing, assessed physically is the process by which the cells in the Body regenerate and repair to reduce the size of a damaged or necrotic area

Adaptations

Manga

Main article: Sailor Moon (manga)
See also: List of Sailor Moon chapters

The Sailor Moon series began as a manga written and drawn by Takeuchi, the series' creator. This is a list of chapters of the Manga series Sailor Moon written and illustrated by Naoko Takeuchi, and serialised in It was an evolution from her earlier Codename: Sailor V idea, expanding the concept into a team of five girls rather than just one. is a Manga created by Naoko Takeuchi. It is about Minako Aino, a cheerful schoolgirl who finds out that she has magical powers that she must use to protect [1] Recurring motifs include astronomy, astrology, Greek myth, Roman myth, geology, Japanese elemental themes,[4] teen fashions, and schoolgirl antics. Astronomy (from the Greek words astron (ἄστρον "star" and nomos (νόμος "law" is the scientific study Astrology (from Greek grc ἄστρον astron, "constellation star" and grc -λογία -logia) is a group of Systems Greek mythology is the body of stories belonging to the ancient Greeks concerning their gods and Heroes the nature of the world and the origins and significance Roman mythology, or more appropriately Latin mythology, refers to the mythological beliefs of the Italic people inhabiting the region of Latium and its Geology (from Greek γη gê, "earth" and λόγος Logos, "speech" lit Many ancient philosophies used a set of archetypal classical "elements" to explain patterns in Nature. [5]

Only one story arc was originally planned,[6] and the storyline developed in meetings a year prior to publications,[7] but after it was completed Takeuchi was asked to continue. Four more story arcs were produced,[6] often being published simultaneously with the five corresponding anime series. The anime series would only lag the manga by a month or two. [7]The complete original manga spans 52 issues, known as Acts, as well as ten separate side-stories. Its main series was serialized in Nakayoshi, Kodansha's shōjo magazine, from 1991 to 1995; the side-stories were serialized in Kodansha's Run Run. is a Shōjo manga magazine published by Kodansha in Japan which began publication in December 1954, making it a long-running magazine is the largest Japanese publisher headquartered in ( Bunkyo) Tokyo. is a Japanese word originally derived from a Chinese expression written with the same characters is the largest Japanese publisher headquartered in ( Bunkyo) Tokyo.

The entire series has been published in book form by Kodansha. The first edition came out as the series was being produced, from 1992 until 1997, and consisted of 18 volumes with all the Acts and side stories in the order in which they had been released. The second edition, called the shinsōban or "renewal" edition, began in 2003 when the live-action series was running. (often abbreviated to PGSM) is a Tokusatsu Television series in the Bishōjo Senshi Sailor Moon Metaseries originally created by The individual Acts were redistributed so that there are more per book, and some corrections and updates were made to the dialogue and drawings. New art was featured as well, including completely new cover art and character sketches (including characters unique to the live-action series). In all, the new edition consists of 12 story volumes and two separate "short story" volumes. [8]

Anime

The anime's original series logo, which officially translates to "Pretty Soldier Sailor Moon"
The anime's original series logo, which officially translates to "Pretty Soldier Sailor Moon"
Main article: Sailor Moon (anime)
See also: List of Sailor Moon episodes

The Sailor Moon anime was produced by Toei Animation, and started airing only a month after the first issue of the manga was published. This is a list of episodes of the Japanese Anime series Sailor Moon. ( is a Japanese animation studio owned by Toei Co Ltd. The studio was originally founded in 1948 as Japan Animated Films (日本動画映画 Nihon Dōga Eiga often shortened With 200 episodes airing from March 1992 to February 1997 on TV Asahi, Sailor Moon is one of the longest magical girl anime series. ( also known as EX and, is a Television network headquartered in Roppongi, Minato Tokyo, Japan. [9] The anime sparked a highly successful merchandising campaign of over 5000 items,[10] which contributed to demand all over the world and translation into numerous languages. Merchandising refers to the methods practices and operations conducted to promote and sustain certain categories of commercial activity Supply and demand is an Economic model describing effects on price and quantity in a Market. Sailor Moon has since become one of the most famous anime properties in the world. [11][12]

Strictly speaking, Sailor Moon is an anime metaseries. It consists of five separate series averaging around 40 episodes each, often referred to as seasons by North American fans because of the over-arching storyline. A television program (US television programme (UK or television show (U Each series roughly corresponds to one of the five major story arcs of the manga, following the same general storyline and including most of the same characters. There were also three theatrically-released movies, as well as four special animated shorts. Short subject is a format description originally coined in the North American Film industry in the early period of cinema. The series saw many adaptations into other languages, but not all episodes were always included, such as with the English-language releases.

Music for the series was written and composed by numerous people, including the series' creator. All of the background musical scores were composed and arranged by Takanori Arisawa, who won several awards due to the popularity of the various soundtracks in Japan and other countries. ( April 4, 1951 - November 26, 2005) was a Japanese Composer and Arranger from Tokyo. Over 40 Japanese-language music albums based on the series were released, as well as some 33 CD singles. is a language spoken by over 130 million people in Japan and in Japanese emigrant communities An album or record album is a collection of related audio or Music tracks distributed to the public A CD single (abbreviated to CDS) is a music single in the form of a standard size Compact disc, not to be confused with the 3-inch CD single In North America, only three CDs albums were released. [13]

Traditional animation techniques were used throughout the series. Traditional animation, also referred to as classical animation, cel animation, or hand-drawn animation, is the oldest and historically the most popular The series was directed first by Junichi Satō, then by Kunihiko Ikuhara and later by Takuya Igarashi. A television director directs the activities involved in making a Television Episode. is a Japanese director of Anime born March 11, 1960 in Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan. Kunihiko Ikuhara (幾原邦彦 Ikuhara Kunihiko) (born December 21 1964) is a Japanese is a Japanese freelance Anime director who originally worked for Toei Animation. Character design was headed by Kazuko Tadano, Ikuko Itoh and Katsumi Tamegai, all of whom were also animation directors. is a Japanese character designer and Animation director best known as the creator of Princess Tutu. An animation director is the director in charge of all aspects of the animation process during the production of an animated film or animated segment for a live-action film

Musicals

Main article: Sailor Moon musicals

The musical stage shows, usually referred to collectively as SeraMyu, were a series of live theatre productions that played over 800 performances in some 29 musicals between 1993 and 2005. The, commonly referred to as, are a series of live theatre productions based on Naoko Takeuchi 's Metaseries Sailor Moon. The stories of the shows include anime-inspired plotlines as well as a large amount of original material. Music from the series has been released on about 20 "memorial" albums. An album or record album is a collection of related audio or Music tracks distributed to the public [13]

Musicals ran twice a year, in the winter and in the summer. In the summer, the only venue for the musicals was the Sunshine Theatre in the Ikebukuro area of Tokyo; however, in the winter it went on tour to the other large cities in Japan. is a building complex located in East Ikebukuro, Toshima Tokyo. a part of Toshima ward is a large commercial and entertainment district of Tokyo, Japan. officially, is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan and located on the eastern side of the main island Honshū.

The final incarnation of the series, The New Legend of Kaguya Island (Revised Edition) (新・かぐや島伝説 <改訂版> Shin Kaguyashima Densetsu (Kaiteban)?), was staged in January 2005. After that show, the series went on a hiatus. There have been no signs that the show will continue. [14]

Live-action series

Main article: Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon

A tokusatsu (live-action) version of Sailor Moon was broadcast from October 4, 2003, through September 25, 2004. (often abbreviated to PGSM) is a Tokusatsu Television series in the Bishōjo Senshi Sailor Moon Metaseries originally created by Events 610 - Heraclius arrives by ship from Africa at Constantinople, overthrows Byzantine Emperor Phocas Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 303 - On a voyage preaching the Gospel, Saint Fermin of Pamplona is beheaded in Amiens, France "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " The series is known officially as Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon (usually abbreviated to PGSM by fans), and it is the first series in the franchise to have a complete English-language title. It lasted a total of 49 episodes, and the broadcast originated from the Tokyo Broadcasting System. For other uses see TBS. ( or TBS, is a Television network in Tokyo, Japan. Numerous other television stations in Japan retransmitted the series. The term television channel generally refers to either a Television station or its cable / satellite counterpart (both outlined below [15]

The series' storyline more closely follows the original manga than the anime at first, but in later episodes it proceeds into a significantly different storyline from either, with original characters and new plot developments.

In addition to the main episodes, there were two direct-to-video releases after the show ended its television broadcast. For the band see Broadcast (band Broadcasting is the distribution of audio and/or Video signals which transmit These were the "Special Act", which is set four years after the main storyline ends and which shows the wedding of the two main characters, and "Act Zero", a prequel which shows the origins of Sailor V and Tuxedo Mask. A prequel is a work that portrays events and/or aspects of a previously completed narrative but is set prior to the existing narrative is a Manga created by Naoko Takeuchi. It is about Minako Aino, a cheerful schoolgirl who finds out that she has magical powers that she must use to protect is a Fictional character and the primary male Protagonist of the Sailor Moon Metaseries.

Video games

Main article: Sailor Moon video games

Numerous Sailor Moon console and arcade games were released in Japan, all based on the anime series. An arcade game is a coin-operated entertainment machine typically installed in businesses such as Restaurants Pubs Video arcades and Family Entertainment They were primarily made by Bandai and a Japanese game company called Angel, with some being produced by Banpresto. is a Japanese Toy making company as well as the producer of a large number of Plastic model kits ( is a Japanese game development firm It was founded April 1977 as Hoei Sangyo Co [16] The early games were side-scrolling fighters, whereas the later ones were unique puzzle games, or versus fighting games. Puzzle video games are a genre of Video games that emphasize Puzzle solving A fighting game (also referred as a versus fighting game, competitive fighting game, tournament fighting game or head-to-head fighting game) Another Story was a turn-based role-playing game. A computer role-playing game ( CRPG) is a broad Video game genre originally developed for personal computers and other home computers

The games mainly saw release on the Super Famicom, with the first side-scroller being ported to the Sega Mega Drive. The Super Nintendo Entertainment System or Super NES (also called SNES and Super Nintendo) is a 16-bit Video game console that was A side-scrolling game or side-scroller is a Video game in which the Gameplay action is viewed from a side-view The is a 16-bit Video game console released by Sega in Japan in 1988 North America in 1989 and the PAL region in 1990 Two side-scrolling adventure games were produced for the Game Boy (Sailor Moon and Sailor Moon R), and a side-scrolling game was also produced for the Game Gear (Sailor Moon S), as well as a game for the PC Engine. An adventure game is a type of Video game characterized by investigation exploration puzzle-solving, interaction with game characters and a focus on Narrative The is a handheld video game console developed and manufactured by Nintendo. The Sega Game Gear is a Handheld game console which was Sega 's response to Nintendo 's Game Boy. The, known as TurboGrafx-16 in the USA is a Video game console developed by the Nippon Electric Company (NEC and released in Japan on October A final versus fighting game was released for the Sega Saturn and Sony PlayStation. The is a 32-bit Video game console that was first released on November 22 1994 in Japan, May 11 1995 in North America The PlayStation (abbreviated PS, PSone, PS1, or informally as PSX) is a 32-bit fifth generation Video game console The last Sailor Moon-related game to date was released in November 2001 - Happy Chibiusa World. There was a rumored game for the Wii console in development by NAMCO with the working title of "Sailor Moon" but this turned out to be just a rumour. is an amusement company based in Japan, best known overseas for Video games development [17]

The only original Sailor Moon game to be released outside of Japan was the Bishōjo Senshi Sailor Moon game developed by Angel, released in France as "Sailormoon" in 1994. [16] The other games are hard to find in any other country, unless downloaded from the internet as ROMs, some of which have been translated into languages other than Japanese. A ROM image, or simply ROM, is a computer file which contains a copy of the data from a Read-only memory chip often from a video game cartridge, a

A handful of games were produced in North America, including "The 3D Adventures of Sailor Moon".

English adaptations

Main article: Sailor Moon (English adaptations)

English-dubbed anime

The logo used for all 4 of the English dubbed series, though modified to add the series title for the third and fourth series.

The English adaptation of Sailor Moon was produced in an attempt to capitalize on the success of Mighty Morphin Power Rangers. The Sailor Moon Anime and Manga Metaseries has been adapted into many different languages including English. Mighty Morphin Power Rangers (often abbreviated by fans as MMPR) is an American Live-action Television series, created [5] After a bidding war between Toon Makers, who wanted to produce a half live-action and half American-style cartoon version,[18] and DiC Entertainment,[19] DiC (which at the time was owned by The Walt Disney Company)[20] acquired the rights to the first 72 episodes of Sailor Moon, consisting of the entire first series and two-thirds of Sailor Moon R. Through the omission of 6 episodes and the merging of two, the total episode count was reduced to 65, the minimum number of episodes required for strip syndication on US television. In Broadcasting, syndication is the sale of the right to broadcast Radio shows and Television shows to multiple individual stations without going through The remaining episodes were each cut by several minutes to make room for more commercials, to censor plot points or visuals deemed inappropriate for children, and to allow the insertion of "educational" segments called "Sailor Says" at the end of each episode. Censorship is the suppression of speech or deletion of communicative material which may be considered objectionable harmful or sensitive as determined by a censor The remaining 17 episodes of Sailor Moon R were adapted later, and were treated in much the same way.

The English adaptations by Optimum Productions for Cloverway of Sailor Moon S and Sailor Moon Supers (the third and fourth series) stayed relatively close to the original Japanese versions, and no episodes were skipped or merged.

DVD cover for "Sailor Moon: A Heroine is Chosen", released in 2002 by ADV Films.
DVD cover for "Sailor Moon: A Heroine is Chosen", released in 2002 by ADV Films. AD Vision (commonly referred to as ADV) is an American international Multimedia entertainment company based in Houston Texas, active [21]

During 1996-97, a total of six VHS tapes, each containing two key (nonconsecutive in most cases) episodes of the series, were released by Buena Vista Home Video . These tapes were originally available exclusively through Toys 'R' Us stores, but later saw wider distribution in other chains. Toys "R" Us ( currently typeset as Toys Я Us in the logo and before as Toys "Я" Us) is a Toy store chain based In 1998, a VHS boxset containing all thirteen episodes of the "Doom Tree" storyline (the first part of R) was released, also through Buena Vista.

Sailor Moon Dark Kingdom arc DVD boxset released in 2003 by ADV Films.
Sailor Moon Dark Kingdom arc DVD boxset released in 2003 by ADV Films.

Pioneer Entertainment (now Geneon Entertainment) had the rights to release Sailor Moon S, SuperS and the movies on Region-1 DVD and VHS, both in the dubbed and uncut versions. DVD (also known as " Digital Versatile Disc " or " Digital Video Disc " - see Etymology)is In 2000, ADV released the English dubs of Sailor Moon and Sailor Moon R in a 20 volume VHS series. [22] During 2001, Pioneer had released Sailor Moon in four different stock-keeping units, and released a box set of the movies in that October. A Stock Keeping Unit, or SKU (pronounced either as an Acronym (ˈskjuː or as an Initialism (/ˌɛsˌkeɪˈjuː/ “S–K–U” is a [23]

The fifth and final series, Sailor Stars, has never been licensed for adaptation into English. As of May 2004, the rest of the metaseries has officially gone off the air in all English-speaking countries due to lapsed licenses which have not been renewed. May 2004: January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September [24]

English-language manga

The manga was translated into English in 1997 by manga publisher Mixx (now renamed Tokyopop). For the music movie see Tokyo Pop. Tokyopop, stylized TOKYOPOP, and formerly known as Mixx, is a distributor licensor The manga was initially syndicated in MixxZine but was later pulled out of that magazine and moved into a secondary magazine called "SMILE. Tokyopop magazine, originally named MixxZine, was a Manga anthology published in North America by Tokyopop (originally SMILE is an international magazine of multiple origins Since 1984 an estimated 100 different issues of SMILE have been published by different people in different countries "[25] The US comic was released as three series: Sailor Moon, which collects the first three arcs (the Dark Kingdom, Black Moon, and Infinity arcs), Sailor Moon Super S, which collects the Supers arc, and Sailor Moon Stars, which collects the Sailor Stars arc. They feature all of the content from the original manga collections (though the names of characters introduced in the first two story arcs were changed to those used in the English anime), as well as the occasional new sketch and "thank you" commentary from the series' creator .

As of May 2005, Tokyopop's license to the Sailor Moon manga has lapsed, and the English-language manga is out of print. May 2005 was the fifth month of that year It began on a Sunday and ended after 31 days on a Tuesday. Out of print refers to an item typically a book (see Out of print books) but can include any print or visual media or Sound recording, that is no longer being published [26][27]

Reception

The Sailor Moon anime was originally planned to run for only six months, but was extended repeatedly due to its popularity, concluding after a five-year run. [28] In Japan, it aired every Saturday night in prime time,[10][29] getting TV viewership ratings around 11-12% for most of the series run. Prime Time is the major News analysis current affairs and Politics programme broadcast on Radio Telefís Éireann in Ireland [10][30] The media franchise is one of the most successful Japan has ever had, reaching 1. 5 billion dollars in merchandise sales during the first three years. [31] Ten years after the series completion, the series has featured among the top thirty of TV Asahi's Top 100 Anime polls in 2005 and 2006. [11][12] The anime series won the Animage Anime Grand Prix prize in 1992. is a Japanese Anime and entertainment magazine which Tokuma Shoten began publishing in July 1978.

Sailor Moon has also been popular internationally. The first dubbed version was made in France, premiering on Club Dorothée in December 1993. In filmmaking, dubbing or looping is the process of recording or replacing voices for a Motion picture. Dorothée, the stage name of Frédérique Hoschedé (born 14 July, 1953 in Paris, France) is a French Singer [32] Other countries followed suit, including Italy, Spain, and China (Hong Kong), before it was picked up for a North American adaptation. [31] It is credited as being the beginning of a wider movement of girls taking up shōjo manga. [33][34] In 2001, the Sailor Moon manga was Tokyopop's best selling property, outselling the next-best selling titles by at least a factor of 1. For the music movie see Tokyo Pop. Tokyopop, stylized TOKYOPOP, and formerly known as Mixx, is a distributor licensor 5. [35]

The anime series has been commended for its portrayal of strong friendships,[36] as well as for "memorable characters", "charm", and an ability to appeal on a wide level. UserScottandrewhutchins: http//enwikipediaorg/w/indexphp?title=Characterization&diff=next&oldid=157919139 --> Characterization is a process of conveying [37] It is credited with changing the genre of magical girls—its heroine must use her powers to fight evil, not simply to have fun as previous magical girls had done. [38] In contrast, Sailor Moon is also sometimes considered campy and melodramatic,[37] and has been criticised for its use of formulaic plots, monsters of the day,[39] and stock footage. Melodrama refers to theatre in which music is used to increase the spectator's emotional response or to suggest character types " Villain of the week " (or depending on genre " monster of the week " or " freak of the Stock footage, and similarly archive footage, library pictures and file footage are Film or Video [40]

In the West, Sailor Moon is sometimes associated with the Girl Power movement and with empowering its viewers. The phrase " Girl Power " is a term of empowerment expressed a cultural phenomenon of the mid-late 1990s to the early 2000s and is also linked to Third-wave feminism [33] As such, it has been compared both favorably and unfavorably with Barbie,[41] Mighty Morphin Power Rangers,[10][36] Buffy the Vampire Slayer,[42] and Sabrina, the Teenage Witch. Barbie is a best-selling fashion Doll launched in 1959 The doll is produced by Mattel Inc Mighty Morphin Power Rangers (often abbreviated by fans as MMPR) is an American Live-action Television series, created Fictional narratives (and works of art exist beyond their completion e Sabrina the Teenage Witch was an American sitcom based on the Archie comic book series of the same name. [43]

Despite the series' apparent popularity among Western anime fandom, the dubbed version of the series received poor ratings in the United States and did not do well in DVD sales in the United Kingdom. Fandom (from the noun fan and the affix -dom, as in kingdom, dukedom, etc The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located [44] Anne Allison attributes the lack of popularity in the United States primarily to poor marketing (in the United States, the series was initially broadcast at times which did not suit the target audience - weekdays at 9:00 a. Anne Allison is a professor of Cultural anthropology at Duke University in the United States, specializing in contemporary Japanese society The United States of America —commonly referred to as the m. and 2:00 pm). Executives connected with Sailor Moon suggest that poor localization played a role. [5] Helen McCarthy and Jonathan Clements go further, calling the dub "indifferent", and suggesting that Sailor Moon was put in "dead" timeslots due to local interests. Helen McCarthy (born 1951 is the British author of such Anime Reference books as 500 Manga Heroes and Villains, Anime!, The Anime! Movie Jonathan Clements (born July 9, 1971) is a British author and scriptwriter [45] The British distributor, MVM Films, has attributed the poor sales to the United Kingdom release being of the dub only, and that major retailers refused to support the show leading to the DVD release appealing to neither children nor older anime fans. MVM Films is a British distributor of Japanese animation. The company sublicenses anime titles from US Anime companies such as Geneon and US Manga Corps [44] In English-speaking countries, Sailor Moon developed a cult following amongst male university students,[10] and Drazen considers that the Internet was a new medium that fans used to communicate and played a role in the popularity of Sailor Moon. The World Wide Web (" WWW " or simply the " Web " is a global Information medium which users can read and write via Computers [42] In a United States study, children paid rapt attention to the fighting scenes in Sailor Moon, although when questioned if Sailor Moon was "violent" only two would say yes, the other ten preferring to describe the episodes as "soft" or "cute". [46]

The manga won the Kodansha Manga Award in 1993 for shōjo. is an annual award for serialized Manga published in the previous year sponsored by the publisher Kodansha. [47] Sales of Sailor Moon's fashion dolls overtook that of Licca-chan in the 1990s, Mattel suggested that this was due to the "fashion-action" blend of the Sailor Moon storyline. full name, is a very popular dress-up Doll series introduced in Japan on 1967-07-04 by Takara, enjoying the same kind of popularity in Japan as the Mattel Inc ( is the world's largest Toy importing company based on revenue Doll accessories included both fashion items and the Senshi's weapons. [5]

References

  1. ^ a b Takeuchi, Naoko (September 2003). born March 15, 1967, is a Manga artist who lives in Tokyo, Japan. Sailor Moon Shinsouban Volume 2. Kodansha. is the largest Japanese publisher headquartered in ( Bunkyo) Tokyo. ISBN 4-06-334777-X.  
  2. ^ McCarter, Charles. Public Interview with Takeuchi Naoko (Q & A Interview). EX:CLUSIVE. www. ex. org. Retrieved on 2006-11-30. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1700 - Battle of Narva — A Swedish army of 8500 men under Charles XII defeats
  3. ^ Takeuchi, Naoko (July 6, 1992 — September 5, 1996). Events 1044 - The Battle of Ménfő takes place 1189 - Richard the Lionheart is crowned King of England Year 1992 ( MCMXCII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar) Events 1590 - Alexander Farnese 's army forces Henry IV of France to raise the siege of Paris. Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) "Act 2", Bishōjo Senshi Sailor Moon Volume 1. Kodansha. is the largest Japanese publisher headquartered in ( Bunkyo) Tokyo. ISBN 4-06-178721-7.  
  4. ^ Miller, Ian Andreas. Introduction to DIES GAUDII. DIES GAUDII. Retrieved on 2006-04-27. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1124 - David I becomes King of Scotland. 1296 - Battle of Dunbar: The Scots are defeated
  5. ^ a b c d Allison, Anne (2000). "A Challenge to Hollywood? Japanese Character Goods Hit the US". Japanese Studies 20 (1): 67-88. Routledge. doi:10.1080/10371390050009075. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document.  
  6. ^ a b Takeuchi, Naoko (October 1999). Materials Collection. Kodansha. is the largest Japanese publisher headquartered in ( Bunkyo) Tokyo. ISBN 4-06-324521-7.  
  7. ^ a b Schodt, Frederik (1996). Frederik L Schodt is an American Writer, Translator and interpreter, notable in Manga and Anime fandom for his translations Dreamland Japan: Writings on Modern Manga. Dreamland Japan is a 1996 book by Frederik L Schodt published by Stone Bridge Press that was intended as a "sequel" to Schodt's 1983 book Berkeley, CA: Stone Bridge Press, p. 93. ISBN 978-1880656235.  
  8. ^ Glover, Alex (unknown). The Manga of Takeuchi Naoko - Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon Manga Translations. Retrieved on 2007-03-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1425 BC - Thutmose III, Pharaoh of Egypt, dies (according to the Low Chronology of the 18th Dynasty
  9. ^ See Ojamajo Doremi series, which holds the record at 201 episodes.
  10. ^ a b c d e Grigsby, Mary (1998). "Sailormoon: Manga (Comics) and Anime (Cartoon) Superheroine Meets Barbie: Global Entertainment Commodity Comes to the United States" The Journal of Popular Culture 32 (1) 59-80 doi:10.1111/j.0022-3840.1998.3201_59.x
  11. ^ a b TV Asahi Top 100 Anime Part 2 (2005-09-23). The Journal of Popular Culture (JPC is a peer-reviewed journal and the official publication of the Popular Culture Association. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1122 - Concordat of Worms. 1459 - Battle of Blore Heath, the first major battle of the English Retrieved on 2007-01-18. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 350 - Generallus Magnentius deposes Roman Emperor Constans and proclaims himself Emperor
  12. ^ a b Japan's Favorite TV Anime (2006-10-13). Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 54 - Nero ascends to the Roman throne 409 - Vandals and Alans crossed the Pyrenees Retrieved on 2007-01-18. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 350 - Generallus Magnentius deposes Roman Emperor Constans and proclaims himself Emperor
  13. ^ a b The Compleat Sailor Moon CD List. Retrieved on 2007-02-18. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 3102 BC - Epoch (origin of the Kali Yuga. 1229 - The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II Holy
  14. ^ eternal.legend. Retrieved on 2007-03-06. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1079 - Omar Khayyám completes the Iranian calendar. 1454 - Thirteen Years' War: Delegates of
  15. ^ Sailor Dream. Retrieved on 2007-03-23. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1174 - Jocelin, Abbot of Melrose, is elected Bishop of Glasgow.
  16. ^ a b Ken Arromdee's Sailor Moon FAQ. Retrieved on 2007-03-03. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1284 - Statute of Rhuddlan incorporated the Principality of Wales into England 1575 - Indian
  17. ^ Sailor Moon (Working Title) (Japan Version) - GAME - NAMCO - Free International Shipping. Games. YesAsia. com. Retrieved on 2007-03-18. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 37 - The Roman Senate annuls Tiberius ' will and proclaims Caligula emperor
  18. ^ Arnold, Adam "OMEGA" (June 2001). Sailor Moon à la Saban: Debunked - An Interview with Rocky Solotoff (Q&A). Animefringe.
  19. ^ A clip from the Americanized version of Sailor Moon that Toon Makers presented to Toei can be seen at Toonami Digital Arsenal. Retrieved on 2007-03-16. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 597 BC - Babylonians capture Jerusalem, replace Jehoiachin with Zedekiah as king
  20. ^ DIC Entertainment
  21. ^ ADV Announces Sailor Moon DVDs - Anime News Network
  22. ^ ADV Press Release re: Sailor Moon, Announces Dirty Pair Flash DVD - Anime News Network
  23. ^ ICv2 Talk Back - Sailor Moon Explained, Plus Fushigi Yugi, Cardcaptors, More
  24. ^ AnimeNation News - What's the Current Status of Sailor Moon in America?. Retrieved on 2007-03-15. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 44 BC - Julius Caesar, Dictator of the Roman Republic, is stabbed to death by Marcus Junius Brutus,
  25. ^ Mixx Controversies: Analysis. Features. Anime News Network (August 14, 1998). Anime News Network (ANN is an Anime industry News Website that reports on the status of Anime, Manga, Japanese popular Events 1183 - Taira no Munemori and the Taira clan take the young Emperor Antoku and the three sacred treasures Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar) Retrieved on 2007-01-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 41 - Gaius Caesar (Caligula, known for his eccentricity and cruel Despotism, is Assassinated by his disgruntled
  26. ^ Tokyopop Out of Print. Retrieved on 2008-04-13. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1111 - Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor. 1204 - The Fourth Crusade sacks Constantinople
  27. ^ The Comics Reporter. Retrieved on 2006-10-06. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 105 BC - Battle of Arausio: The Cimbri inflict the heaviest defeat on the Roman army of Gnaeus Mallius Maximus
  28. ^ Animazement Sailor Moon Voice Actors 2005 (May 2005). Retrieved on 2007-01-18. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 350 - Generallus Magnentius deposes Roman Emperor Constans and proclaims himself Emperor
  29. ^ Johnson, Dany. "Q & A Rocking the Boat", Akadot, Digital Manga, Inc. , 2001-04-21. Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Events 753 BC - Romulus and Remus found Rome ( traditional date) Retrieved on 2007-02-21. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 362 - Athanasius returns to Alexandria. 1245 - Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland  
  30. ^ Doi, Hitoshi. was born October 17, 1963 in Chigasaki, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. Hitoshi Doi. Retrieved on 2007-02-23. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1455 - Traditional date for the publication of the Gutenberg Bible, the first Western Book printed from Movable
  31. ^ a b DiC promotional video. Available at Toonami Digital Arsenal. Retrieved on 2007-02-16. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1249 - Andrew of Longjumeau is dispatched by Louis IX of France as his ambassador to meet with the Khan of the Mongols
  32. ^ Homme de Verre (August 19, 2006). Events 43 BC - Octavian, later known as Augustus compels the Roman Senate to elect him Consul. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Sailor Moon. Fiches de Séries. Planète Jeunesse. Retrieved on 2007-02-16. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1249 - Andrew of Longjumeau is dispatched by Louis IX of France as his ambassador to meet with the Khan of the Mongols
  33. ^ a b Yang, Sandy. "Girl Power Make Up—The Beginning of Shōjo in the US", Akadot, Digital Manga, Inc. , 2000-10-25. 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. Events 1147 - The Portuguese, under Afonso I, and Crusaders from England and Flanders conquer Lisbon after a Retrieved on 2007-01-18. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 350 - Generallus Magnentius deposes Roman Emperor Constans and proclaims himself Emperor  
  34. ^ She's Got Her Own Thing Now "Scratch a modern-day manga fangirl, and you're likely to find someone who watched Sailor Moon when she was young. "
  35. ^ ICv2 News - Sailor Moon Graphic Novels Top Bookstore Sales.
  36. ^ a b Allison, Anne [June 2000]. Anne Allison is a professor of Cultural anthropology at Duke University in the United States, specializing in contemporary Japanese society "Sailor Moon: Japanese Superheroes for Global Girls", in Timothy J. Craig: Japan Pop!: Inside the World of Japanese Popular Culture. M. E. Sharpe, 259-278. ISBN 978-0765605610.  
  37. ^ a b Harcoff, Pete (May 26, 2003). Events 451 - The Battle of Avarayr between Armenian rebels and the Sassanid Empire takes place Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Sailor Moon R: The Movie Review. The Anime Critic. Retrieved on 2007-02-16. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1249 - Andrew of Longjumeau is dispatched by Louis IX of France as his ambassador to meet with the Khan of the Mongols
  38. ^ Ross, Christina. Sailor Moon. THEM Anime Reviews 4. 0. Retrieved on 2007-02-16. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1249 - Andrew of Longjumeau is dispatched by Louis IX of France as his ambassador to meet with the Khan of the Mongols
  39. ^ Bertschy, Zac (August 10, 2003). Events 612 BC - Killing of Sinsharishkun, King of Assyrian Empire Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Sailor Moon DVD - Review. Anime News Network. Anime News Network (ANN is an Anime industry News Website that reports on the status of Anime, Manga, Japanese popular Retrieved on 2007-02-17. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1500 - Battle of Hemmingstedt. 1600 - Philosopher Giordano Bruno is burned alive at Campo de' Fiori
  40. ^ Merrill, Dave (January 17, 2006). Events 38 BC - Octavian marries Livia Drusilla. 1287 - King Alfonso III of Aragon invades Minorca Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Sailor Moon Super S TV Series Complete Collection. Anime Jump. Retrieved on 2007-02-17. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1500 - Battle of Hemmingstedt. 1600 - Philosopher Giordano Bruno is burned alive at Campo de' Fiori
  41. ^ Barry, Dave. David "Dave" Barry (born July 3, 1947) is a bestselling American author and Pulitzer Prize -winning columnist who wrote a nationally "Forget about Sailor Moon; we love Barbie!", The Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, Journal Communications, April 9, 1995. Events 193 - Septimius Severus is proclaimed Roman Emperor by the army in Illyricum (in the Balkans) Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 Retrieved on 2007-02-10. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1355 - The St Scholastica's Day riot breaks out in Oxford, England, leaving 63 scholars and perhaps 30 locals dead  
  42. ^ a b Drazen, Patrick (October 2002). Anime Explosion! The What? Why? & Wow! of Japanese Animation. Berkeley, California: Stone Bridge Press, p. Berkeley is a city on the east shore of San Francisco Bay in Northern California, in the United States. 281. ISBN 1-880656-72-8. OCLC 50898281. The OCLC Online Computer Library Center is according to its website a "nonprofit membership computer library service and research organization dedicated to the public purpose  
  43. ^ Evolution of Female Heroes: Carnival Mode of Gender Representation in Anime
  44. ^ a b Cox, Gemma (Spring of 2006). "Anime Archive: Sailor Moon - The Most Popular Unsuccessful Series Ever?". NEO (18): 98. NEO is a 100-page monthly Magazine published in the UK and Ireland by Uncooked Media that focuses on various aspects of Asian entertainment such Uncooked Media.  
  45. ^ Clements, Jonathan; Helen McCarthy (2001-09-01). Jonathan Clements (born July 9, 1971) is a British author and scriptwriter Helen McCarthy (born 1951 is the British author of such Anime Reference books as 500 Manga Heroes and Villains, Anime!, The Anime! Movie The Anime Encyclopedia: A Guide to Japanese Animation Since 1917, 1st ed. , Berkeley, California: Stone Bridge Press, p. 338. ISBN 1-880656-64-7. OCLC 47255331. The OCLC Online Computer Library Center is according to its website a "nonprofit membership computer library service and research organization dedicated to the public purpose  
  46. ^ http://culturalanthropology.duke.edu/Faculty_articles/CyborgV.pdf
  47. ^ Joel Hahn. Kodansha Manga Awards. Comic Book Awards Almanac. Retrieved on 2007-08-21. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1192 - Minamoto Yoritomo becomes Seii Tai Shōgun and the De facto ruler of Japan.

External links


v • d • e
 Sailor Moon series
Codename: Sailor V | Manga (chapter list) | Anime (episode list) | Stage musicals | Video games | Live-action | English adaptations | Parallel
Protagonists (including Sailor Senshi)
Sailor Moon | Tuxedo Mask | Chibiusa
Sailor Mercury | Sailor Mars | Sailor Jupiter | Sailor Venus
Sailor Pluto | Sailor Neptune | Sailor Uranus | Sailor Saturn
Queen Serenity | Luna, Artemis, and Diana
Sailor Starlights | Princess Kakyuu | ChibiChibi
Minor and supporting characters
Story arcs
Dark Kingdom | R/Black Moon | S/Infinity | Supers/Dream | Stars
Antagonists
Dark Kingdom (Shitennou/Generals)
Makaiju aliens | Black Moon Clan (Ayakashi Sisters)
Death Busters (Witches 5)
Dead Moon Circus (Amazon Trio, Amazoness Quartet)
Shadow Galactica (Sailor Galaxia, Sailor Animamates)
Chaos
Movies
Sailor Moon R | Sailor Moon S | Sailor Moon Supers
Anime News Network (ANN is an Anime industry News Website that reports on the status of Anime, Manga, Japanese popular Anime News Network (ANN is an Anime industry News Website that reports on the status of Anime, Manga, Japanese popular is a Manga created by Naoko Takeuchi. It is about Minako Aino, a cheerful schoolgirl who finds out that she has magical powers that she must use to protect This is a list of chapters of the Manga series Sailor Moon written and illustrated by Naoko Takeuchi, and serialised in This is a list of episodes of the Japanese Anime series Sailor Moon. The, commonly referred to as, are a series of live theatre productions based on Naoko Takeuchi 's Metaseries Sailor Moon. (often abbreviated to PGSM) is a Tokusatsu Television series in the Bishōjo Senshi Sailor Moon Metaseries originally created by The Sailor Moon Anime and Manga Metaseries has been adapted into many different languages including English. A is a type of Heroine from the Metaseries known as Sailor Moon. is a Fictional character and the primary male Protagonist of the Sailor Moon Metaseries. is one of the central characters in the Sailor Moon Metaseries. is one of the central characters in the Sailor Moon Metaseries. is one of the central characters in the Sailor Moon Metaseries. is one of the central characters in the Sailor Moon Metaseries. is one of the central characters in the Sailor Moon Metaseries. is one of the central Fictional characters in the Sailor Moon Metaseries. is one of the central characters in the Sailor Moon Metaseries. is one of the central characters in the Sailor Moon Metaseries. is one of the central characters in the Sailor Moon Metaseries. The Silver Millennium is a fictional kingdom in the Sailor Moon Metaseries. The Sailor Moon Metaseries includes three different Cat characters who act as advisors to their respective owners History In the Manga, the Three Lights are an all-female trio of Cross-dressers who pose as male idol singers is a Fictional character from the fifth arc of the Sailor Moon series is a Fictional character in the fifth story arc of the Sailor Moon Metaseries. This is a list of recurring supporting characters from the Sailor Moon Metaseries. The is an organization of antagonists in the Sailor Moon Metaseries. The are a group of villains from the Sailor Moon Metaseries. They are sub-leaders of the very first villain group the Dark Kingdom, working directly under The Makaiju arc is an early set of episodes from the Sailor Moon Anime series The is a Fictional Clan existing in the 30th century in the Sailor Moon Metaseries. The four are subordinate Antagonists in the Sailor Moon Metaseries. The are a group of Antagonists in the Sailor Moon Metaseries. The are fictional antagonists in the Anime series Sailor Moon S. The are a group of fictional Antagonists from the Sailor Moon Metaseries. The is a set of fictional antagonists in the Anime series Sailor Moon SuperS and the corresponding Manga arc Dream. The is a group of Fictional characters from the Sailor Moon Metaseries. is a Fictional Organization from the Sailor Moon Metaseries. They are the Villains of the fifth story arc in both the is a Fictional character in the Sailor Moon universe. She appears as Sailor Moon's strongest opponent in the manga Stars and its anime The are a Fictional Squadron in the Sailor Moon Metaseries. They are the sub- Villains of the fifth series Sailor Stars. is a fictional character and the main villain in the Sailor Moon universe. Sailor Moon R The Movie is the first of three theatrically released Sailor Moon movies Sailor Moon S The Movie is the second of three theatrically released Sailor Moon movies Sailor Moon Supers The Movie is the third theatrically released Sailor Moon movie
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