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Sadeq Hedayat

Sadeq Hedayat
Birth name Sādeq Hedāyat
Born 17 February 1903(1903-02-17)
Tehran, Iran Flag of Iran
Died 4 April 1951 (aged 48)
Paris, France Flag of France
Nationality Iranian
Field Writer of prose fiction and short stories
Works Būf-e Kūr (The Blind Owl)
Zendé be Gūr (Buried Alive)
Sé qatré khūn (Three Drops of Blood)

Sadeq (or Sadegh) Hedayat (in Persian: صادق هدایت; February 17, 1903, Tehran — 4 April 1951, Paris, France) was Iran's foremost modern writer of prose fiction and short stories. Events 1500 - Battle of Hemmingstedt. 1600 - Philosopher Giordano Bruno is burned alive at Campo de' Fiori Year 1903 ( MCMIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar or a Common year starting Tehran (or Teheran) ( Persian: تهران Tehrān) is the capital and largest City of Iran, and the administrative center of For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iran topics. Events 1581 - Francis Drake completes a circumnavigation of the world and is knighted by Elizabeth I. Year 1951 ( MCMLI) was a Common year starting on Monday. Events of 1951 January Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city The Iranian people are a collection of Ethnic groups defined along linguistic lines as speaking Iranian languages. For the Wikipedia guideline regarding editing articles see WikipediaManual of Style. The Blind Owl (1937 (in Persian: بوف کور Boof-e koor) is Sadegh Hedayat 's most enduring work of prose and a major literary work of 20th Events 1500 - Battle of Hemmingstedt. 1600 - Philosopher Giordano Bruno is burned alive at Campo de' Fiori Year 1903 ( MCMIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar or a Common year starting Tehran (or Teheran) ( Persian: تهران Tehrān) is the capital and largest City of Iran, and the administrative center of Events 1581 - Francis Drake completes a circumnavigation of the world and is knighted by Elizabeth I. Year 1951 ( MCMLI) was a Common year starting on Monday. Events of 1951 January Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iran topics. For the Wikipedia guideline regarding editing articles see WikipediaManual of Style.

Contents

Life

He was born to an aristocratic family and was educated at Dar ol-Fonoon (1914-1916) and the Lycée Français (French high school) in Tehran. Dar al-Funun ( دار الفنون) established in 1851, was the first modern institution of higher learning in Persia. Tehran (or Teheran) ( Persian: تهران Tehrān) is the capital and largest City of Iran, and the administrative center of In 1925, he was among a select few students who travelled to Europe to continue their studies. There, he initially pursued dentistry before giving this up for engineering. Dentistry' is the "evaluation diagnosis prevention and/or treatment (nonsurgical surgical or related procedures of diseases disorders and/or conditions of the oral cavity Engineering is the Discipline and Profession of applying technical and scientific Knowledge and After four years in France and Belgium, Hedayat returned to Iran where he held various jobs for short periods. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. The Kingdom of Belgium is a Country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters as well as those

Tomb of Sadegh Hedayat, Père Lachaise Cemetery, Paris.
Tomb of Sadegh Hedayat, Père Lachaise Cemetery, Paris. Père Lachaise Cemetery (Cimetière du Père-Lachaise officially cimetière de l'Est, "East Cemetery" is the largest Cemetery in the city of Paris

Hedayat subsequently devoted his whole life to studying Western literature and to learning and investigating Iranian history and folklore. The works of Guy de Maupassant, Anton Chekhov, Rainer Maria Rilke, Edgar Allan Poe and Franz Kafka intrigued him the most. Guy de Maupassant (gi də mopasɑ̃ (5 August 1850 &ndash 6 July 1893 was a popular 19th-century French Writer and considered one of the fathers of the modern Anton Pavlovich Chekhov ( –) (Анто́н Па́влович Че́хов) was a Russian short-story writer and Playwright, considered to be one Rainer Maria Rilke (also Rainer Maria von Rilke (4 December 1875 &ndash 29 December 1926 is considered one of the German language 's greatest 20th century Poets Edgar Allan Poe (January 19 1809 – October 7 1849 was an American poet, short-story Writer, editor and Literary critic, During his short literary life span, Hedayat published a substantial number of short stories and novelettes, two historical dramas, a play, a travelogue, and a collection of satirical parodies and sketches. His writings also include numerous literary criticisms, studies in Persian folklore, and many translations from Middle Persian and French. Middle Persian is the Middle Iranian language/ethnolect of Southwestern Iran that during Sassanid times (224-654 CE became a Prestige dialect French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people He is credited with having brought Persian language and literature into the mainstream of international contemporary writing. There is no doubt that Hedayat was the most modern of all modern writers in Iran. Yet, for Hedayat, modernity was not just a question of scientific rationality or a pure imitation of European values.

In his later years, feeling the socio-political problems of the time, Hedayat started attacking the two major causes of Iran’s decimation, the monarchy and the clergy, and through his stories he tried to impute the deafness and blindness of the nation to the abuses of these two major powers. Feeling alienated by everyone around him, especially by his peers, Hedayat’s last published work, The Message of Kafka, bespeaks melancholy, desperation and a sense of doom experienced only by those subjected to discrimination and repression.

Hedayat's most enduring work is the short novel The Blind Owl of 1937. The Blind Owl (1937 (in Persian: بوف کور Boof-e koor) is Sadegh Hedayat 's most enduring work of prose and a major literary work of 20th Year 1937 ( MCMXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. It has been called "one of the most important literary works in the Persian language" (S. A. Qudsi).

He ended his life by gassing himself and is buried in the Père Lachaise. Natural gas is a Gaseous Fossil fuel consisting primarily of Methane but including significant quantities of Ethane, Propane, Père Lachaise Cemetery (Cimetière du Père-Lachaise officially cimetière de l'Est, "East Cemetery" is the largest Cemetery in the city of Paris

Current censorship

His work is coming under increasing attack in Europe from political Islamists, and many of his novels (Haji Aqa in particular) are no longer stocked in some French bookshops and libraries. The novels The Blind Owl and Haji Aqa were banned from the 18th Tehran International Book Fair in 2005. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Blind Owl contains a great deal of Buddhist and Hindu imagery. Buddhism is a family of beliefs and practices A Hindu ( Devanagari: हिन्दू is an adherent of the philosophies and scriptures of Hinduism, a set of religious, Philosophical In Haji Aqa his characters explore the lack of meritocracy in Iran:

In order for the people to be kept in line, they must be kept hungry, needy, illiterate, and superstitious. Meritocracy is a system of a government or another organization wherein Appointments are made and responsibilities are given based on demonstrated talent and Ability If the grocer's child becomes literate, he not only will criticise my speech, but he will also utter words that neither you nor I will understand. . . . What would happen if the forage-seller's child turns out intelligent and capable—and mine, the son of a Haji, turns out lazy and foolish?

In November 2006, republication of Hedayat's work in uncensored form was banned in Iran, as part of a sweeping purge. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iran topics. However, surveillance of book-stalls is limited and it is apparently still possible to purchase the originals second-hand. The official website is also still online. Some material discussing the issue of censorship include:

Works

Sources

See also

External links

Note: Many of Sadeq Hedayat's full texts can be legally downloaded from here: Mat'n-e Kāmel-e Dāstān-hā. Intellectual movements in Iran involve the Iranian experience of Modernity and its associated art science literature poetry and political structures that have Persian literature ( spans two and a half millennia though much of the pre- Islamic material has been lost Iranian philosophy or Persian philosophy can be traced back as far as to Old Iranian philosophical traditions and thoughts which originated in ancient Indo-Iranian A Mashallah Ajoodani Mehdi Akhavan-Sales Jalal Al-e-Ahmad Bozorg Alavi


Further references



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