The 18th to 16th century BCE Trundholm sun chariot pulled by a horse has been interpreted as representing the goddess Sól. The Trundholm sun chariot ( Danish: Solvognen) is a late Nordic Bronze Age artifact discovered in Denmark, that has been interpreted as a depiction

Sól or Sunna is the goddess of the Sun in Germanic mythology. "Sun god" redirects here For the Ramsey Lewis album see Sun Goddess (album. One of the Merseburg Incantations, written in the 9th or 10th century CE, relates that she was the sister of Sinthgunt (of which nothing else is known). The Merseburg Incantations (die Merseburger Zaubersprüche are two medieval magic spells charms or Incantations written in Old High German. In later Norse mythology, Sól appears in the Poetic Edda, compiled in the 13th century from earlier traditional sources, and the Prose Edda, written in the 13th century by Snorri Sturluson. Norse mythology comprises the indigenous pre-Christian religion, beliefs and Legends of the Scandinavian peoples including those who settled on Iceland The Poetic Edda is a collection of Old Norse poems primarily preserved in the Icelandic mediaeval Manuscript Codex Regius. The Prose Edda, also known as the Younger Edda, Snorri's Edda ( Snorra Edda) or simply Edda, is an Snorri Sturluson (1178 – September 23, 1241) was an Icelandic historian poet and politician

In both Eddas she is described as the sister of Máni, (the god of the moon) and daughter of Mundilfari. In Norse mythology, Máni ( Old Norse "moon" is the Moon personified In Norse mythology Mundilfari or Mundilfäri (Possibly Old Norse "the one moving according to particular times" is a father of Sól In the Prose Edda, she is described as the daughter of Mundilfari and Glaur as well as the wife of Glen. In Norse mythology, Glaur was the mother of Máni and Sól by Mundilfari. In Norse mythology, Glen or Glenr ( Old Norse "opening in the clouds" is the husband of the goddess Sól, who drives the horses of Sól gives her name to the Younger Futhark s rune. The Younger Futhark, also called the Scandinavian runes, is a Runic alphabet, a reduced form of the Elder Futhark, consisting of only 16 characters in *Sôwilô or *Saewelô is the reconstructed Proto-Germanic name of the s-rune meaning "sun" In the Poetic Edda poem Völuspá Sól is referred to as Alfrodull. Völuspá ( Prophecy of the Völva) is the first and best known poem of the Poetic Edda.

Sól also was called Sunne, and Frau Sunne, from which the words sun and Sunday are derived. The Sun (Sol is the Star at the center of the Solar System. Sunday is the day of the week between Saturday and Monday. In the Jewish law it is the first day of the Hebrew calendar week

Merseburg Incantations

Main article: Merseburg Incantations

One of the two Merseburg Incantations (the "horse cure"), recorded in Old High German, mentions Sunna, who is described as having a sister, Sinthgunt, who is otherwise unattested. The Merseburg Incantations (die Merseburger Zaubersprüche are two medieval magic spells charms or Incantations written in Old High German. ^[1] The incantation describes how Phol and Wodan ride to a wood, and that Balder's foal injures its foot. Wōden is a god in Anglo-Saxon paganism, together with Norse Odin representing a development of a Proto-Germanic god * Wōdanaz A foal is a Horse that is one year old or younger More specific terms are colt for a Male foal and Filly for a Female foal Amongst others, Sinthgunt enchants it, her sister Sunna enchants it, Friia enchants it, her sister Uolla enchants it, and finally Wodan enchants it. Afterwards, a verse describing the healing of the bone is recorded.

Norse mythology

Sól, the sun, is mentioned frequently in Old Norse sources but is seldom personified. John Lindow states that "even kennings like 'hall of the sun' for sky may not suggest personification, given the rules of kenning formation" and "that Sól is female and Máni male probably has to do with the grammatical gender of the nouns: Sól is feminine and Máni is masculine. A kenning ( Old Norse kenning, Modern Icelandic pronunciation) is a Circumlocution used instead of an ordinary Noun in Old Norse "^[2]

Poetic Edda

Sól, personified, is referred to a single time in the Poetic Edda. In the poem Vafþrúðnismál stanza 23, Odin tasks the Jötunn Vafþrúðnir with a question about the origins of the sun and the moon. In Norse mythology, Vafþrúðnismál ( Vafþrúðnir 's sayings) is the third poem in the Poetic Edda. Odin (ˈoʊdɪn from Old Norse Óðinn) is considered the chief god in Norse paganism. A jötunn, sometimes anglicized as jotun (pronounced yotun is a giant in Norse mythology, a member of a race of nature spirits with superhuman strength Vafþrúðnir ( Old Norse "mighty weaver" is a wise Jötunn in Norse mythology. Vafþrúðnir responds that Mundilfari is both the father of Sól and Máni, and that they must past through the heavens every day to count the years for man. In Norse mythology Mundilfari or Mundilfäri (Possibly Old Norse "the one moving according to particular times" is a father of Sól

Prose Edda

Sól as a personified differently in the Prose Edda book Gylfaginning. Gylfaginning, or the Tricking of Gylfi (c 20000 words is the first part of Snorri Sturluson 's Prose Edda after In chapter 11 of Gylfaginning, Gangleri (described as King Gylfi in disguise) asks the mysterious High how how the sun and moon are steered. Gylfi, Gylfe, Gylvi, or Gylve was the earliest king in Scandinavia present in Norse mythology. High describes that Sól is one of the two children of Mundilfari. The children are described as being so beautiful they they are named after the sun (Sól) and the moon (Máni). Mundilfari has Sól married to a man named Glen, who is otherwise unattested. ^[2]

High states that the gods were "angered by this arrogance"^[3] and that gods had the two put into the heavens. Now in the heavens, the children were made to drive the horses Arvak and Alsvid that drew the chariot of the sun. The chariot is the earliest and simplest type of Carriage, used in both peace and war as the chief vehicle of many ancient peoples High relates that the gods had created the chariot to illuminate the worlds from burning embers flying from the fiery world of Muspelheim. In Norse Cosmology the World Tree Yggdrasil unifies nine worlds ( Old Norse: níu heimar) that represent all that exists Muspelheim ("Flameland" also called Muspel ( Old Norse Múspellsheimr and Múspell, respectively is the realm of Fire In order to cool the horses, the gods placed two bellows beneath their shoulders and that "according to the same lore"^[3] the bellows are called Ísarnkol. A bellows is a device for delivering pressurized Air in a controlled quantity to a controlled location A bellows is a device for delivering pressurized Air in a controlled quantity to a controlled location

In chapter 12 of Gylfaginning, Gangleri states to High that the sun moves quickly, almost as if she were moving so quickly that she was afraid of something and that she could not go faster even if she were afraid of her own death. High responds that:

'It is not surprising that she moves with such speed. The one chasing her comes close, and there is no escape for her except to run. '^[3]

Gangleri asks who is chasing her. High responds that two wolves give chase to Sól and Máni. The first wolf, Sköll, chases Sól. For the moon of Saturn named after Skoll see Skoll (moon. In Norse mythology, Sköll ( Old Norse "treachery" is High states that Sól fears Sköll and that Sköll will eventually catch her. Hati Hróðvitnisson, the second wolf, runs ahead of Sól to chase after Máni, whom Hati Hróðvitnisson will also catch. In Norse mythology, Hati Hróðvitnisson (first name meaning "He Who Hates Enemy" is a wolf that according to Gylfaginning chases the Moon across

See also

• Dagr, the personification of the day in Norse mythology
• Nótt, the personification of the night in Norse mythology
• Máni, the personification of the moon in Norse mythology
• Sigelwara Land, an etymologic essay by J. In Norse mythology, Dagr ( Old Norse "day" is Day personified A day (symbol d is a unit of Time equivalent to 24 Hours and the duration of a single Rotation of planet Earth with respect to the Norse mythology comprises the indigenous pre-Christian religion, beliefs and Legends of the Scandinavian peoples including those who settled on Iceland In Norse mythology, Nótt ( Old Norse "night" is Night personified Night or nighttime is the period of Time when the Sun is below the Horizon. In Norse mythology, Máni ( Old Norse "moon" is the Moon personified Sigelwara Land is the title of an essay in two parts by J R R R. R. Tolkien
• Sowilo rune

References