Ruth Aaronson Bari (November 17, 1917-August 25, 2005) was an American mathematician known for her work in graph theory and homomorphisms. Events 284 - Diocletian is proclaimed emperor by his soldiers Year 1917 ( MCMXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Events 1248 - The Dutch city of Ommen receives city rights and fortification rights from Otto III the Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. In Mathematics and Computer science, graph theory is the study of graphs: mathematical structures used to model pairwise relations between objects In Abstract algebra, a homomorphism is a structure-preserving map between two Algebraic structures (such as groups rings or Vector The daughter of Polish-Jewish immigrants to the US, she was a professor at George Washington University beginning in 1966. The George Washington University ( GW or GWU) is a private coeducational university located in Washington D She was the mother of environmental activist Judi Bari, science reporter Gina Kolata and art historian Martha Bari. Judi Bari ( November 7, 1949 &ndash March 2, 1997) was an American Environmentalist and labor leader a Gina Kolata (born in Baltimore Maryland, February 25, 1948) is a Science journalist for The New York Times.
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Career
Bari grew up in Brooklyn and attended Brooklyn College, earning her bachelor’s degree in mathematics in 1939. Brooklyn College is a senior college of the City University of New York, located in Brooklyn New York. She earned her MA at Johns Hopkins University in 1943, but had originally enrolled in the doctoral program. When the university suggested that women in the graduate program should give up their fellowships so that men returning from WWII could study, Bari acceded [1]. After marrying Arthur Bari she spent the next two decades devoted to family. She returned to Johns Hopkins, where she completed her dissertation on "absolute reducibility of maps of at most 19 regions" in 1966 at the age of 47.
Bari’s dissertation explored chromatic polynomials and the Birkhoff-Lewis conjecture. In Mathematics, a polynomial is an expression constructed from Variables (also known as indeterminates and Constants using the operations She determined that “[Because of] the fact that all other cubic maps with fewer than 20 regions contain at least one absolutely reducible configuration, it follows that the Birkhoff-Lewis conjecture holds for all maps with fewer than 20 regions. ” [2]Her Ph. D. advisor was Daniel Lewis, Jr. [3] After receiving her degree, renowned mathematician William Tutte invited Bari to spend two weeks lecturing on her work in Canada at the University of Waterloo. Bari's work in the areas of graph theory and homomorphisms—and especially that of chromatic polynomials—has been recognized as influential. In 1976, two professors relied on computer work to solve the perennial problem of Bari’s dissertation, involving four-color conjecture. When her daughter, Dr. Martha Bari, an art historian at [Hood College], asked her if she felt cheated by the technological solution, Bari replied, “I’m just grateful that it was solved within my lifetime and that I had the privilege to witness it. ” [4]
During her teaching career, Bari participated in a class-action lawsuit against George Washington University, which protested inequalities in promotion and pay for female faculty members. The protests were successful, and Bari retired at the legally mandated age of 70 in 1988 with the distinction of [professor emeritus].
Community and Family Life
Bari was active in the Washington, DC community. In the early 1970s, Bari used a grant from the [National Science Foundation] to start a master’s degree program in teaching mathematics. She felt that math teachers in DC public schools were not as well prepared as they needed to be [5]. Her children were also influential in their fields. Daughter Gina Kolata became one of the nation’s best-known mathematical and science journalists for the New York Times, and daughter Judi Bari (born in 1949, died in 1997) was a leading environmental activist. Gina Kolata (born in Baltimore Maryland, February 25, 1948) is a Science journalist for The New York Times. Judi Bari ( November 7, 1949 &ndash March 2, 1997) was an American Environmentalist and labor leader a
After 64 years of marriage to her husband, Arthur, three daughters, and four grandchildren, Bari died August 25, 2005, at National Lutheran Home in Rockville. She had lived in Silver Spring since 1963 and was 87 years old at the time of her death [6].
References
External links
- "Dr. Ruth Aaronson Bari, 87, Dies; Professor of Mathematics at GWU", Washington Post, August 30, 2005. The Washington Post is the largest and most circulated Newspaper in Washington D
- Kolata, Gina. "Biographies of Women Mathematicians: Ruth Aaronson Bari. ” Agnes Scott College, September 27, 2007.
- “Ruth Aaronson Bari.” The Mathematics Genealogy Project.
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