| Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey | |
|---|---|
 |
|
|
|
|
| Motto: | Sol Iustitiae et Occidentem Illustra (Sun of righteousness, shine upon the West also) |
| Established: | November 10, 1766 |
| Type: | Public, research university |
| Endowment: | US $654. A motto (from the Italian word motto, meaning witticism sentence is a phrase meant to formally describe the general motivation or intention of a social group The date of establishment or date of founding of an Institution is the date on which that institution chooses to claim as its starting point Events 1444 - Battle of Varna: The crusading forces of King Vladislaus III of Varna (aka Ulaszlo I of Hungary and Wladyslaw Year 1766 ( MDCCLXVI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a A public university is a University that is predominantly funded by public means through a national or subnational government as opposed to private universities. A university is an institution of Higher education and Research, which grants Academic degrees in a variety of subjects A financial endowment is a Transfer of Money or Property donated to an Institution, usually with the stipulation that it be invested The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been 184 million [1] |
| President: | Richard L. McCormick |
| Faculty: | 2,636[2] |
| Undergraduates: | 36,888[2] |
| Postgraduates: | 12,872[2] |
| Location: | New Brunswick/Piscataway Camden Newark, New Jersey, USA |
| Campus: | Urban |
| Alma Mater: | On the Banks of the Old Raritan |
| Sports: | 27 sports teams |
| Colors: | Scarlet |
| Nickname: | Old Queen's |
| Mascot: | Scarlet Knights (New Brunswick) Scarlet Raptors (Camden) Scarlet Raiders (Newark) |
| Affiliations: | Association of American Universities, Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools, Big East Conference |
| Website: | http://www.Rutgers.edu/ |
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (also known as Rutgers University), is the largest institution for higher education in the state of New Jersey. A US state is any one of the fifty subnational entities of the United States of America that share Sovereignty with the federal government New Jersey ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States. It was originally chartered as Queen's College in 1766 and is the eighth-oldest college in the United States. Year 1766 ( MDCCLXVI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a The Colonial Colleges are nine institutions of Higher education chartered in the American Colonies before the American Revolution (1775&ndash1783 The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Rutgers was originally a private university affiliated with the Dutch Reformed Church and admitting only male students, but evolved into and is presently a nonsectarian, coeducational public research university that makes no religious demands of its students. Unlike Public universities, private universities generally do not receive direct operational funding from national or subnational governments and thus rely on private Dutch Reformed Church (in Dutch: Nederlandse Hervormde Kerk or NHK was one of many branches of churches coming out of the Protestant Reformation in Europe Nonsectarian, in its most literal sense refers to a lack of Sectarianism. Mixed-sex education, (or just Mixed education) also known as Coeducation, is the integrated education to males and females at the same school facilities A public university is a University that is predominantly funded by public means through a national or subnational government as opposed to private universities. A university is an institution of Higher education and Research, which grants Academic degrees in a variety of subjects Rutgers is one of only two colonial colleges that later became public universities. The Colonial Colleges are nine institutions of Higher education chartered in the American Colonies before the American Revolution (1775&ndash1783 (The other is the College of William and Mary. The College of William and Mary (officially The College of William and Mary in Virginia, also known as William & Mary or W&M) is a Public university ) [3]
Rutgers was designated The State University of New Jersey by acts of the New Jersey Legislature in 1945 and 1956. The New Jersey Legislature is the US state of New Jersey 's legislative branch seated in the New Jersey State House at the state's capital Trenton [4] The campuses of Rutgers University are located in New Brunswick, Piscataway, Newark and Camden. New Brunswick, also known as "the Healthcare City" or "Hub City" is a city and the County seat of Middlesex County Newark is the largest city in New Jersey, United States and the County seat of Essex County. The City of Camden is the County seat of Camden County, New Jersey, in the United States. The Newark campus was formerly the University of Newark, which merged into the Rutgers system in 1946, and the Camden campus was created in 1950 from the College of South Jersey. This article discusses Rutgers University's campus in Newark New Jersey The Camden campus of Rutgers University is located in Camden, New Jersey, and was formerly known as the South Jersey Law School and the Rutgers is the leading university within New Jersey's state university system, and it was ranked 46th in the world academically in a 2006 survey conducted by the Institute of Higher Education at Shanghai Jiao Tong University. The Academic Ranking of World Universities is compiled by Shanghai Jiao Tong University ’s Institute of Higher Education and includes major institutes of higher education ranked Shanghai Jiao Tong University ( abbreviated Jiao Da (交大 or SJTU) located in Shanghai, is one of the oldest and most influential universities [5] The university offers more than 100 distinct bachelor, 100 master, and 80 doctoral and professional degree programs across 175 academic departments, 29 degree-granting schools and colleges, 16 of which offer graduate programs of study. A bachelor's degree is usually an Undergraduate Academic degree awarded for a course or major that generally lasts for three four or in some cases and A doctorate is an Academic degree that indicates the highest level of academic achievement A first professional degree is a type of Academic degree designed to prepare the holder for a particular profession by emphasizing practical skills over theory and analysis [6]
Contents |
History
Shortly after the College of New Jersey (now Princeton University) was established in 1766, ministers of the Dutch Reformed Church, seeking autonomy in ecclesiastical affairs in the American colonies sought to establish a college to train those who wanted to become ministers within the church. Rutgers The State University of New Jersey (also known as Rutgers University) is an institution of higher learning with campuses across the State of New Jersey Princeton University is a private Coeducational research university located in Princeton, New Jersey. Dutch Reformed Church (in Dutch: Nederlandse Hervormde Kerk or NHK was one of many branches of churches coming out of the Protestant Reformation in Europe Clergy is the generic term used to describe the formal religious leadership within a given Religion. [7][8] Through several years of effort by Rev. Theodorus Jacobus Frelinghuysen (1691–1747) and Rev. Theodorus Jacobus Frelinghuysen I ( 1691 &ndash c 1747) was a Dutch-American minister, Theologian and the Progenitor Jacob Rutsen Hardenbergh (1736–1790), later the college's first president, Queen's College was chartered on 10 November 1766. Jacob Rutsen Hardenbergh ( February 22, 1736 &ndash 30 October, 1790) was a Dutch Reformed minister and the first Events 1444 - Battle of Varna: The crusading forces of King Vladislaus III of Varna (aka Ulaszlo I of Hungary and Wladyslaw Year 1766 ( MDCCLXVI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a [7] Established as the trustees of Queen's College, in New-Jersey in honor of King George III's Queen-consort, Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (1744–1818). George III (George William Frederick 4 June 1738 George III's long reign was marked by a series of military conflicts involving his kingdom much of the rest of Europe and places Queen Charlotte, (née Duchess Sophia Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz; 19 May 1744 – 17 November 1818) was the [8] The charter was signed and the young college was supported by William Franklin (1730–1813), the last Royal Governor of New Jersey and illegitimate son of Benjamin Franklin. William Franklin (1731- November 17, 1813) was the last Colonial Governor of New Jersey. New Jersey ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States. Benjamin Franklin ( April 17 1790 was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States of America. The original charter specified the establishment both of the college, and of an institution called the Queen's College Grammar School, intended to be a preparatory school affiliated and governed by the college. A university-preparatory school or college-preparatory school (usually abbreviated to preparatory school, college prep school, or prep school [8] This institution, today the Rutgers Preparatory School, was a part of the college community until 1959. Rutgers Preparatory School (also known as Rutgers Prep or RPS) is a private, co-educational Day school located in the Somerset [8][9]
The original purpose of Queen's College was to "educate the youth in language, liberal, the divinity, and useful arts and sciences" and for the training of future ministers for the Dutch Reformed Church[10][8][9] The college admitted its first students in 1771—a single sophomore and a handful of first-year students taught by a lone instructor—and granted its first degree in 1774, to Matthew Leydt. Matthew Leydt (1755-1783 was the first graduate of Queen's College (now Rutgers College of Rutgers University) in New Brunswick, New Jersey. [8][9] Despite the religious nature of the early college, the first classes were held at a tavern called the Sign of the Red Lion. A tavern or pot-house is loosely a place of Business where people gather to drink Alcoholic beverages and more than likely also be served Food [11] When the Revolutionary War broke out and taverns were suspected by the British as being hotbeds of rebel activity, the college abandoned the tavern and held classes in private homes. [8][9]
In its early years, due to a lack of funds, Queen's College was closed for two extended periods. Early trustees considered merging the college with the College of New Jersey, in Princeton (the measure failed by one vote) and later considered relocating to New York City. The City of New York [8][9] In 1808, after raising $12,000, the college was temporarily reopened and broke ground on a building of its own, affectionately called "Old Queens" designed by architect John McComb, Jr.[12] The college's third president, the Rev. Old Queens is the oldest building at Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jersey ( USA) and the seat of the university's administration John McComb Jr (1763 in New York City, New York, USA) &ndash 1853 in New York City, New York, USA) was an American Ira Condict, laid the cornerstone on April 27, 1809. Reverend Ira Condict ( 21 February 1764 &ndash 1 June 1811) was the third President of Queen's College (now Events 1124 - David I becomes King of Scotland. 1296 - Battle of Dunbar: The Scots are defeated Year 1809 ( MDCCCIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Shortly after, the New Brunswick Theological Seminary, founded in 1784, relocated from Brooklyn, New York, to New Brunswick, and shared facilities with Queen's College (and the Queen's College Grammar School, as all three institutions were then overseen by the Reformed Church in America). New Brunswick Theological Seminary is a professional and Graduate school founded in 1784 in New York City, to educate ministers for Brooklyn (named after the Dutch town Breukelen) is one of the five boroughs of New York City. Rutgers Preparatory School (also known as Rutgers Prep or RPS) is a private, co-educational Day school located in the Somerset The Reformed Church in America (RCA is a mainline Reformed Protestant denomination that was formerly a part of the Dutch Reformed [8][9] During those formative years, all three institutions fit into Old Queens. In 1830, the Queen's College Grammar School moved across the street, and in 1856, the Seminary relocated to a seven-acre (28,000 m²) tract less than one-half mile (800 m) away. [8][9]
After several years of closure resulting from an economic depression after the War of 1812, Queen's College reopened in 1825 and was renamed Rutgers College in honor of American Revolutionary War hero Colonel Henry Rutgers (1745–1830). The War of 1812 was fought between the United States of America and the British Empire, particularly Great Britain and her North American colonies In this article the inhabitants of the thirteen colonies that supported the American Revolution are primarily referred to as "Americans" with occasional references to "Patriots" Henry Rutgers ( October 7, 1745 in New York City, New York, United States of America &ndash February 17, 1830 According to the Board of Trustees, Colonel Rutgers was honored because he epitomized Christian values, although it should be noted the Colonel was a wealthy bachelor known for his philanthropy. A year after the school was renamed, it received 2 donations from its namesake: a $200 bell still hanging from the cupola of Old Queen's and a $5,000 bond which placed the college on sound financial footing. [8][9]
Rutgers College became the land-grant college of New Jersey in 1864 under the Morrill Act of 1862, resulting in the establishment of the Rutgers Scientific School, featuring departments of agriculture, engineering, and chemistry. Agriculture refers to the production of goods through the growing of plants and fungi and the raising of domesticated Animals The study of agriculture Engineering is the Discipline and Profession of applying technical and scientific Knowledge and Chemistry (from Egyptian kēme (chem meaning "earth") is the Science concerned with the composition structure and properties [8][9] The Rutgers Scientific School would expand over the years to grow into the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station (1880) and divide into the College of Engineering (1914) and the College of Agriculture (1921). The School of Engineering (SoE at Rutgers The State University of New Jersey, was founded in 1914 as the College of Engineering The School of Environmental and Biological Sciences (SEBS is a constituent school within Rutgers The State University of New Jersey 's flagship New Brunswick [8][9] Shortly after, Rutgers created several new divisions, the College of Pharmacy (1892), New Jersey College for Women (1918), and the School of Education (1924). Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy is a part of Rutgers University. Douglass Residential College is a part of Rutgers University. [8][9] With the development of graduate education, and the continued expansion of the institution, Rutgers College was renamed Rutgers University in 1924. [9] Later, University College (1945), founded to serve part-time, commuting students and Livingston College (1969), emphasizing the urban experience, were created. The School of Arts and Sciences is an undergraduate Constituent school at the New Brunswick - Piscataway campus of Rutgers University The School of Arts and Sciences is an undergraduate Constituent school at the New Brunswick - Piscataway campus of Rutgers University [8][9]
Rutgers was designated the State University of New Jersey by acts of the New Jersey Legislature in 1945 and 1956. The New Jersey Legislature is the US state of New Jersey 's legislative branch seated in the New Jersey State House at the state's capital Trenton [4] Shortly after, the University of Newark (1935) was merged with Rutgers in 1946, as was the College of South Jersey in 1950, and these two institutions were transformed into Rutgers University's campuses in Newark and Camden. This article discusses Rutgers University's campus in Newark New Jersey The Camden campus of Rutgers University is located in Camden, New Jersey, and was formerly known as the South Jersey Law School and the In light of the civil rights and women's movements of the 1960s, Rutgers, along with many of the older American institutions (including Princeton and Yale) became co-educational. Princeton University is a private Coeducational research university located in Princeton, New Jersey. On September 10, 1970, after much debate, the Board of Governors voted to admit women into the previously all-male Rutgers College. Events 506 - The Bishops of Visigothic Gaul meet in the Council of Agde. Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Rutgers The State University of New Jersey (also known as Rutgers University) is the largest institution for higher education in the state of New Jersey [8][9]
Prior to 1982, the faculties at Rutgers were split among separate residential colleges and departments, which posed significant disparaties between programs at the undergraduate level. A residential college is an organisational pattern for a division of a University that places academic activity in a Community setting of students and faculty usually In 1982, under president Edward J. Bloustein, the faculties were centralized. Edward J Bloustein ( January 20, 1925 &ndash 9 December, 1989) was the seventeenth President of Rutgers University The last aspects of this will be finalized in fall 2007, when the several of the undergraduate liberal arts colleges are scheduled to be merged into a School of Arts and Sciences which will allow Rutgers to drive forward with one set of admissions criteria, curriculum and graduation requirements where previously there were several disparate, confusing and often contrary standards. The School of Arts and Sciences is an undergraduate Constituent school at the New Brunswick - Piscataway campus of Rutgers University Currently, New Jersey Governor Jon Corzine has expressed interest in reviving a plan to merge Rutgers University with New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT) and the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey (UMDNJ), a plan which has received support from Rutgers University president Richard L. McCormick. Jon Stevens Corzine (born January 1 1947 is the Governor of New Jersey and a former United States Senator New Jersey Institute of Technology is a public research University in Newark, New Jersey. The University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey is the state-run Health sciences institution of New Jersey and comprises eight distinct academic units the New Richard "Dick" Levis McCormick (born 26 December 1947 in New Brunswick New Jersey) is a historian professor and university administrator
Organization
Campuses
- See also: Rutgers-New Brunswick, Rutgers-Newark, and Rutgers-Camden
Rutgers University has three campuses across the state of New Jersey, with its flagship campus located mainly in the cities of New Brunswick and Piscataway, and two smaller campuses in the cities of Newark and Camden. The New Brunswick Campus is Rutgers University 's largest campus chiefly located in the City of New Brunswick and Piscataway Township. This article discusses Rutgers University's campus in Newark New Jersey The Camden campus of Rutgers University is located in Camden, New Jersey, and was formerly known as the South Jersey Law School and the New Jersey ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States. New Brunswick, also known as "the Healthcare City" or "Hub City" is a city and the County seat of Middlesex County Newark is the largest city in New Jersey, United States and the County seat of Essex County. The City of Camden is the County seat of Camden County, New Jersey, in the United States. These campuses comprise 27 degree-granting schools and colleges, offering undergraduate, graduate and professional levels of study. The university is centrally administered from New Brunswick, although Provosts at the Newark and Camden campuses hold significant autonomy for some academic issues. Provost is the title of a senior Academic administrator at many institutions of Higher education in the United States and Canada, the equivalent This article discusses Rutgers University's campus in Newark New Jersey The Camden campus of Rutgers University is located in Camden, New Jersey, and was formerly known as the South Jersey Law School and the Rutgers Fact Book
The New Brunswick-Piscataway Campus (or Rutgers-New Brunswick) is the largest campus of Rutgers; it is the flagship campus, due to its history as the site of the original Rutgers College. The New Brunswick Campus is Rutgers University 's largest campus chiefly located in the City of New Brunswick and Piscataway Township. It is spread across six municipalities in Middlesex County, New Jersey, chiefly located in the City of New Brunswick and Piscataway Township. Middlesex County is a County located in the US state of New Jersey. It is actually comprised of five smaller campuses: the original and historic College Avenue campus is adjacent to downtown New Brunswick, and includes the seat of the University, Old Queens; Douglass Campus and Cook Campus are adjacent and intertwined with each other so much so that they are normally referred to as the Cook/Douglass Campus and is treated as one campus, Cook has extensive farms and woods that extend into North Brunswick and East Brunswick Townships; separated by the Raritan river are Busch Campus, in Piscataway; and Livingston Campus, also mainly in Piscataway but includes remote lands extending into Edison Township and the Borough of Highland Park.
As of the Fall 2007 semester, the New Brunwick-Piscataway campuses include 19 undergraduate, graduate and professional schools, including the School of Arts and Sciences, the School of Communication, Information and Library Studies, the Edward J. The School of Arts and Sciences is an undergraduate Constituent school at the New Brunswick - Piscataway campus of Rutgers University Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy, the School of Engineering, the School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, the Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, the Graduate School, the Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology, the Graduate School of Education, the School of Management and Labor Relations, the Mason Gross School of the Arts, the College of Nursing, the Rutgers Business School and the School of Social Work. The School of Environmental and Biological Sciences (SEBS is a constituent school within Rutgers The State University of New Jersey 's flagship New Brunswick Rutgers Business School (RBS is the graduate and undergraduate Business school tied to the Newark and New Brunswick campuses of Rutgers University. As of 2007, 26,691 undergraduates and 7,701 graduate students (total 34,392) are enrolled at the New Brunswick-Piscataway campus. [2]
The Newark Campus (or Rutgers-Newark), consists of 8 undergraduate, graduate and professional schools, including: Newark College of Arts and Sciences, University College, School of Criminal Justice, Graduate School, College of Nursing, School of Public Affairs and Administration, Rutgers Business School and Rutgers School of Law - Newark. This article discusses Rutgers University's campus in Newark New Jersey Rutgers Business School (RBS is the graduate and undergraduate Business school tied to the Newark and New Brunswick campuses of Rutgers University. Rutgers School of Law—Newark is the oldest of the three law schools in New Jersey As of 2007, 6,503 undergraduates and 3,700 graduate students (total 10,203) are enrolled at the Newark campus. [2]
The Camden Campus (or Rutgers-Camden) consists of five undergraduate, graduate and professional schools, including: Camden College of Arts and Sciences, University College, Graduate School, Rutgers School of Business - Camden and Rutgers School of Law - Camden. The Camden campus of Rutgers University is located in Camden, New Jersey, and was formerly known as the South Jersey Law School and the The Rutgers School of Business in Camden teaches Accounting, Management, Organizational behavior, Marketing, and related arts of the business Rutgers School of Law-Camden is one of only three Law schools in the state of New Jersey in the United States As of 2006, 3,696 undergraduates and 1,471 graduate students (total 5,165) are enrolled at the Camden campus. [2]
Governance
Governance at Rutgers University rests with a Board of Trustees consisting currently of 59 members and a Board of Governors consisting of 11 members: six appointed by the Governor of New Jersey and five chosen by the Board of Trustees. The Governor of New Jersey is the Chief executive of the US state of New Jersey. [13][14][15] The trustees constitute chiefly an advisory body to the Board of Governors and are the fiduciary overseers of the property and assets of the University that existed before the institution became the State University of New Jersey in 1945. The initial reluctance of the trustees (still acting as a private corporate body) to cede control of certain business affairs to the state government for direction and oversight caused the state to establish the Board of Governors in 1956. [16] Today, the Board of Governors maintains much of the corporate control of the University.
The members of the Board of Trustees are voted upon by different constituencies or appointed. "Two faculty and two students are elected by the University Senate as nonvoting representatives. The 59 voting members are chosen in the following way as mandated by state law: 28 charter members (of whom at least three shall be women), 20 alumni members nominated by the Nominating Committee of the Board of Trustees, and five public members appointed by the governor of the state with confirmation by the New Jersey State Senate. The six members of the Board of Governors appointed by the governor also serve as members of the Board of Trustees. Of the 28 charter seats, three are reserved for students with full voting rights. "[17]
The president of Rutgers University, chosen by and answerable to the Trustees and Governors, sits as an ex-officio member of both governing boards. The President of Rutgers The State University of New Jersey (also known as Rutgers University) is the chief administrator of Rutgers University and&mdashin C D E He, as the chief administrator of the university, is charged with its day-to-day operations. Since 2002, the president of Rutgers University is Richard Levis McCormick (born 1947). Richard "Dick" Levis McCormick (born 26 December 1947 in New Brunswick New Jersey) is a historian professor and university administrator
Academics
Profile
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey is a leading national research university and is unique as the only university in the nation that is a colonial chartered college (1766), a land-grant institution (1864), and a state university (1945/1956). The Colonial Colleges are nine institutions of Higher education chartered in the American Colonies before the American Revolution (1775&ndash1783 Land-grant universities (also called land-grant colleges or land grant institutions) are institutions of higher education in the United States that have [18] Rutgers is accredited by the Commission on Higher Education of the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools (1921), and in 1989, became a member of the Association of American Universities, an organization of the 62 leading research universities in North America. The Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools is a voluntary peer-based Non-profit association dedicated to educational excellence and improvement through peer evaluation The Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools is a voluntary peer-based Non-profit association dedicated to educational excellence and improvement through peer evaluation The Association of American Universities (AAU is an Organization of leading research universities devoted to maintaining a strong system of academic Research [19]
A Public Ivy, Rutgers University was ranked 39th worldwide and 43rd within the United States in the 2005 Academic Ranking of World Universities by the Institute of Higher Education at Shanghai Jiao Tong University. Public Ivy is a term coined by Richard Moll in his 1985 book Public Ivys A Guide to America's best public undergraduate colleges and universities to refer to universities which The Academic Ranking of World Universities is compiled by Shanghai Jiao Tong University ’s Institute of Higher Education and includes major institutes of higher education ranked Shanghai Jiao Tong University ( abbreviated Jiao Da (交大 or SJTU) located in Shanghai, is one of the oldest and most influential universities [20] According to the Washington Monthly's 2006 rankings, Rutgers ranks 53rd in the United States. The Washington Monthly is a monthly Magazine of United States Politics and Government that is based in Washington D [21] The Top American Research Universities an annual statistical report by The Center at the University of Florida ranks Rutgers 39th. The University of Florida ( Florida or UF) is a public land-grant, sea-grant, space-grant major Research [22] In the 2007 U.S. News & World Report ranking of American national universities, Rutgers is ranked as the third best public university in the Northeastern United States and 59th in the ranking's "National Universities" category. USNews & World Report is an influential weekly American Newsmagazine published in Washington D The Northeast is a region of the United States. As defined by the U [23]
Eleven of Rutgers' graduate departments are ranked by the National Research Council in the top 25 among all universities: Philosophy (2nd), Geology Ranked 9th Nationally based on NSF funding 9th ,Geography (13th), Statistics (17th), English (17th), Mathematics (19th), Art History (20th), Physics (20th), History (20th) Comparative Literature (22nd), French (22nd), and Materials Science Engineering (25th). Philosophy is the study of general problems concerning matters such as existence knowledge truth beauty justice validity mind and language Geology (from Greek γη gê, "earth" and λόγος Logos, "speech" lit The National Science Foundation (NSF is a United States Government agency that supports fundamental Research and Education in all the non-medical Geography (from Greek γεωγραφία - geografia) is the study of the Earth and its lands features inhabitants and phenomena Statistics is a mathematical science pertaining to the collection analysis interpretation or explanation and presentation of Data. English studies is an academic discipline that includes the study of Literatures written in the English language (including literatures from the U Mathematics is the body of Knowledge and Academic discipline that studies such concepts as Quantity, Structure, Space and Art history is the Academic study of objects of Art in their Historical development and stylistic contexts i Physics (Greek Physis - φύσις in everyday terms is the Science of Matter and its motion. History is the study of the past particularly the written record Those who study history as a Profession are called Historians Etymology Comparative literature (sometimes abbreviated "Comp lit" is critical scholarship dealing with the Literature of two or more different Linguistic French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people Materials Science or Materials Engineering is an interdisciplinary field involving the properties of matter and its applications to various areas of Science and [24][25][26][27][28]
Both Rutgers School of Law - Newark and Rutgers School of Law - Camden are ranked as Top 100 Law Schools by U. Rutgers School of Law—Newark is the oldest of the three law schools in New Jersey Rutgers School of Law-Camden is one of only three Law schools in the state of New Jersey in the United States S. News and World Report. [29]
The Rutgers Business School is ranked 39th in the Wall Street Journal's Regional Ranking of Top Business Schools. Rutgers Business School (RBS is the graduate and undergraduate Business school tied to the Newark and New Brunswick campuses of Rutgers University. [30]
The Philosophy Department ranked first in 2002–04 tied with New York University and Princeton University, and second in 2004–06 (NYU was first, Princeton 3rd, Oxford 4th) in the Philosophical Gourmet's biennial report on Philosophy programs in the English-speaking world. New York University ( NYU) is a private, Nonsectarian, Coeducational Research University in New York City. The Philosophical Gourmet Report (also known as the Leiter Report) edited by Philosophy and Law professor Brian Leiter &mdash in response to the Gourman Philosophy is the study of general problems concerning matters such as existence knowledge truth beauty justice validity mind and language [31][32]
According to U. S. News & World Report, in the top 25 among all universities: Food Science (2nd)Library Science (6th), Drama/Theater (12th), Mathematics (16th), English (18th), History (19th, with the subspecialty of African-American History ranked 4th and Women’s History ranked 1st), Applied Mathematics (21st) and Physics (24th). Library science is an Interdisciplinary Science incorporating the Humanities, Law and Applied science to study topics related to Drama is the specific mode of Fiction represented in Performance. Theatre (or theater, see spelling differences) is the branch of the Performing arts defined by Bernard Beckerman as what "occurs when one Mathematics is the body of Knowledge and Academic discipline that studies such concepts as Quantity, Structure, Space and English studies is an academic discipline that includes the study of Literatures written in the English language (including literatures from the U History is the study of the past particularly the written record Those who study history as a Profession are called Historians Etymology Applied mathematics is a branch of Mathematics that concerns itself with the mathematical techniques typically used in the application of mathematical knowledge to other domains Physics (Greek Physis - φύσις in everyday terms is the Science of Matter and its motion. [13] Also in the 2006 U. S. News & World Report ranking of Computer Science Ph. D. programs, Rutgers was ranked 29th. [33]
Admissions and financial aid
U.S. News & World Report considers the New Brunswick-Piscataway campus of Rutgers University to be a "more selective" school in terms of the rigour of its admissions processes. USNews & World Report is an influential weekly American Newsmagazine published in Washington D [34] 56% of undergraduate applicants are accepted. In comparison, 62% of applicants to nearby Pennsylvania State University (for the University Park campus) and 47% of applicants to the University of Delaware are accepted. The Pennsylvania State University (commonly known as Penn State) is a state-related, land-grant, space grant public research University The University of Delaware ( UD) is the largest University in the U Average scores for the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) scores of enrolling students at Rutgers range from 530–630 on the critical reading section, 560–670 for the mathematics section, and 530-640 for the writing section. The SAT Reasoning Test (formerly Scholastic Aptitude Test and Scholastic Assessment Test) is a standardized test for College admissions in the Admitted applicants to nearby Pennsylvania State University average scores between from 530–640 on the verbal section and 570–680 on the math section; the University of Delaware's student body averages between 550–640 verbal and 560–660 math. [35]
As a state university, Rutgers charges two separate rates for tuition and fees depending on whether an enrolled student is a resident of the State of New Jersey (in-state) or not (out-of-state). A US state is any one of the fifty subnational entities of the United States of America that share Sovereignty with the federal government New Jersey ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States. The Office of Institutional Research and Academic Planning estimates that costs in-state student of attending Rutgers would amount to $18,899 for an undergraduate living on-campus and $22,395 for a graduate student. For an out-of-state student, the costs rise to $26,497 and $27,476 respectively. [2]
Undergraduate students at Rutgers, though a combination of federal (50%), state (22%), university (22%), and private (6%) scholarship, loans, and grants, received $291,956,597 of financial aid in the 2004–2005 academic year. Student financial aid refers to funding intended to help students pay education expenses including Tuition and fees Room and board, books and supplies etc Of 37,429 undergraduate students at Rutgers, 30,398 (or 81. 2%) receive financial aid. During the same period, 73. 2%, or 9,604 graduate students out of a population of 13,124, received assistance in the total of $121,269,211 in financial aid sourced chiefly from federal (33%) and university (65%) funds. [2]
Faculty
For the August 2005 to May 2006 academic year. This is an enumeration of notable people affiliated with Rutgers University, including graduates of the undergraduate and graduate and professional programs former students who did Rutgers University had 2,261 full-time and part-time academic faculty members. [2] Among Rutgers notable former professors are John Ciardi, George H. Cook, Michael Curtis, Ralph Ellison, Paul Fussell, Robert Trivers, Francis Fergusson, Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Mason W. Gross, Leonid Khachiyan, David Levering Lewis, Roy Lichtenstein, George Segal and Selman Waksman. John Anthony Ciardi ( June 24, 1916 - March 30, 1986) was an American Poet, translator, and Etymologist Michael Curtis is a Television producer and Writer. He was a writer and Executive producer of Friends during seasons 2 through Ralph Waldo Ellison ( March 1, 1914 &ndash April 16, 1994) was a Scholar and Writer. Paul Fussell (born March 22, 1924, Pasadena California, USA is a cultural and literary Historian, and professor emeritus of English literature Robert L Trivers, (born 19 February 1943, ˈtrɪvɚz is an American Evolutionary biologist See Frances Fergusson for the architectural historian and current president of Vassar College. Ruth Joan Bader Ginsburg (born March 15 1933 Brooklyn New York) is an Associate Justice on the U Mason Welch Gross ( 11 June 1911 &ndash 11 October 1977) was an American Television Quiz show personality Leonid Genrikhovich Khachiyan (Լեոնիդ Գենրիխովիչ Խաչիյան Леонид Генрихович Хачиян May 3, 1952 – April 29 David Levering Lewis (born May 25 1936 is an American historian and two-time winner of the Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography, for part one Roy Fox Lichtenstein (October 27 1923 &ndash September 29 1997 was a prominent American Pop artist his work heavily influenced by both popular advertising and George Segal ( November 26, 1924, New York - June 9 2000, New Brunswick New Jersey was an American painter and Sculptor Selman Abraham Waksman ( 22 July 1888 &ndash 16 August 1973) was an American biochemist and microbiologist During his 20 year tenure at Rutgers, David Levering Lewis (born 1936), a professor in the Department of History was twice awarded the Pultizer Prize for Biography or Autobiography (1994 and 2001) for both volumes of his biography of W.E.B. DuBois (1868–1963) and was also the winner of the Bancroft and Parkman prizes. David Levering Lewis (born May 25 1936 is an American historian and two-time winner of the Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography, for part one The Pulitzer Prize, ˈpʊlɨtsɚ PULL-it-sər is an American award regarded as the highest national honor in Newspaper journalism, A biography (from the Greek words bíos (βίος meaning "life" and gráphein (γράφειν meaning "to write" is an account William Edward Burghardt Du Bois (duːˈbɔɪz ( February 23, 1868 August 27, 1963) was an American Civil rights activist The Bancroft Prize is awarded each year by the trustees of Columbia University for books about Diplomacy or the history of the Americas.
Five Nobel laureates have been affiliated with Rutgers as either faculty or students (Milton Friedman, Toni Morrison, David A. Morse, Heinrich Rohrer and Selman Waksman). The following list provides information on nobel laureates and their affiliation to academic institutions. A faculty is a division within a University. The concept of a university with different faculties for different subjects dates back to Al-Azhar University, which had Milton Friedman (July 31 1912 November 16 2006 was an American Nobel Laureate Economist and Public intellectual. Toni Morrison (born Chloe Anthony Wofford on February 18 1931 is a Nobel Prize -winning American author editor and professor David A Morse ( 31 May 1907 &ndash 1 December 1990) is a winner of the Nobel Peace Prize (1969 which he accepted on behalf of the Heinrich Rohrer (born June 6, 1933) is a Swiss Physicist and Nobel laureate. Selman Abraham Waksman ( 22 July 1888 &ndash 16 August 1973) was an American biochemist and microbiologist
Many members of the faculty at Rutgers have achieved top honors in their disciplines, including Michael R. Douglas, a prominent string theorist and the director of the New High Energy Theory Center and winner of the Sackler Prize in theoretical physics in 2000. Michael R Douglas (1961- is an American Theoretical physicist and Professor at Rutgers University. String theory is a still-developing scientific approach to Theoretical physics, whose original building blocks are one-dimensional extended objects called strings The Raymond and Beverly Sackler International Prize is a $40000 prize in the disciplines of either Physics or Chemistry awarded by Tel Aviv University Jerry Fodor, Zenon Pylyshyn and Stephen Stich were awarded the Jean Nicod Prize in philosophy and cognitive science. Jerry Alan Fodor (born 1935 in New York City, New York) is an American philosopher and cognitive scientist. Zenon Pylyshyn (born 1937) is a Canadian Cognitive scientist and Philosopher. Stephen Stich (born May 9, 1943) is a professor of Philosophy at Rutgers University. The Jean Nicod Prize is awarded annually in Paris to a leading philosopher of mind or philosophically-oriented cognitive scientist. Philosophy is the study of general problems concerning matters such as existence knowledge truth beauty justice validity mind and language Cognitive science may be broadly defined as the multidisciplinary study of mind and behavior
Rutgers is also home to Melville scholar H. Bruce Franklin, whose academic tenure was revoked by Stanford University for actions that were arguably the exercise of his First Amendment right to free speech. Leland Stanford Junior University, commonly known as Stanford University or simply Stanford, is a private Research university located in Freedom of speech is the freedom to speak freely without Censorship or Limitation. Franklin was a visiting professor at Wesleyan and Yale for a few years, then was offered a tenured post by Rutgers. This article concerns Wesleyan He now holds an endowed chair at Rutgers. A financial endowment is a Transfer of Money or Property donated to an Institution, usually with the stipulation that it be invested
Furthermore, Rutgers ranks among the top three public AAU institutions in the overall percentage of women faculty. [36]
Libraries and museums
The Rutgers University library system consists of 26 libraries and centers located on the University's three campuses, housing a collection of over 10. 5 million holdings, including 3,522,359 volumes, 4,517,726 microforms, 2,544,126 documents, and subscriptions to 42,875 periodicals, and ranking among the nation's top research libraries. [37] The American Library Association ranks the Rutgers University Library system as the 44th largest library in the United States in terms of volumes held. The American Library Association ( ALA) is a group based in the United States that promotes libraries and library education internationally [38]
The Archibald S. Alexander Library, in New Brunswick, is the oldest and the largest library in Rutgers. New Brunswick, also known as "the Healthcare City" or "Hub City" is a city and the County seat of Middlesex County [39] It houses several million volumes focusing on an extensive humanities and social science collection. The humanities are academic disciplines which study the Human condition, using methods that are primarily Analytic, Critical, or Speculative The social sciences comprise academic disciplines concerned with the study of the social life of human groups and individuals including Anthropology, Communication studies It mainly supports the sort of research done in the School of Arts and Sciences, the Edward J. Bloustein School of Planning & Public Policy, the Graduate School of Education, the Graduate School of Social Work, and the School of Communication, Information, and Library Studies. Alexander Library also maintains a large collection of government document, which contains United States, New Jersey, foreign, and international government publications. [39] The Library of Science and Medicine on the Busch Campus in Piscataway houses the University's collection in behavioral, biological, earth, and pharmaceutical sciences and engineering. Behavioural science (or Behavioral science) is a term that encompasses all the disciplines that explore the activities of and interactions among Organisms in the natural Foundations of modern biology There are five unifying principles Earth science (also known as geoscience, the geosciences or the Earth Sciences) is an all-embracing term for the Sciences related to the planet The pharmaceutical sciences are a group of Interdisciplinary areas of study involved with the design action delivery disposition and use of Drugs This field draws Engineering is the Discipline and Profession of applying technical and scientific Knowledge and The LSM also serves as a designated depository library for government publication regarding science, and owns a U. S. patent collection and patent search facility. [40] It was officially established as the Library of Science and Medicine in July of 1964 although the beginning of the development of a library for science started in 1962. The LSM currently has two administrative structures since it is a joint library serving both Rutgers and the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey (UMDNJ). The University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey is the state-run Health sciences institution of New Jersey and comprises eight distinct academic units the New UMDNJ, which was briefly known as Rutgers Medical School, separated from Rutgers in 1970. The current character of the LSM is a university science library also serving a medical school. [41] On the New Brunswick-Piscataway campus, in addition to Alexander Library, many individual disciplines have their own libraries, including alcohol studies, art history, Chemistry, Mathematical studies, Music, and Physics. Art history is the Academic study of objects of Art in their Historical development and stylistic contexts i Chemistry (from Egyptian kēme (chem meaning "earth") is the Science concerned with the composition structure and properties Mathematics is the body of Knowledge and Academic discipline that studies such concepts as Quantity, Structure, Space and Music is an Art form in which the medium is Sound organized in Time. Physics (Greek Physis - φύσις in everyday terms is the Science of Matter and its motion. Special Collections and University Archives houses the Sinclair New Jersey Collection, manuscript collection, and rare book collection, as well as the University Archives. An archive refers to a collection of historical records and also refers to the location in which these records are kept Although located in the Alexander Library building, Special Collections and University Archives actually comprises a distinct unit unto itself. In Library science, special collections (often abbreviated to Spec Located within the Alexander Library is the East Asian Library which holds a sizable collection of Chinese, Japanese and Korean monographs and periodicals. In Newark, the John Cotton Dana Library (which also houses the Institute of Jazz Studies) and the Robeson Library in Camden, serve their respective campuses with a broad collection of volumes. This article discusses Rutgers University's campus in Newark New Jersey The Institute of Jazz Studies is the largest and most comprehensive library and archive of jazz and jazz-related materials in the world located at the Newark campus of The Camden campus of Rutgers University is located in Camden, New Jersey, and was formerly known as the South Jersey Law School and the
Rutgers oversees several museums and collections that are open to the public, including the Jane Voorhees Zimmerli Art Museum, on the College Avenue Campus in New Brunswick, maintains a collection of over 50,000 works of art, focusing on Russian and Soviet art, French 19th-century art and American 19th- and 20th-century art with a concentration on early-20th-century and contemporary prints. New Brunswick, also known as "the Healthcare City" or "Hub City" is a city and the County seat of Middlesex County Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the [42] The Rutgers University Geology Museum—located in Geology Hall next to the Old Queens Building—features exhibits on geology and anthropology, with an emphasis on the natural history of New Jersey. Geology (from Greek γη gê, "earth" and λόγος Logos, "speech" lit Anthropology (/ˌænθɹəˈpɒlədʒi/ from Greek grc ἄνθρωπος anthrōpos, "human" -λογία -logia) is the study of New Jersey ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States. The largest exhibits include a dinosaur trackway from Towaco, New Jersey; a mastodon from Salem County; and a Ptolomaic era Egyptian mummy. A fossil trackway is a type of Fossil impression a Trackway made by a once living organism usually by its feet Towaco is an unincorporated area within Montville Township in Morris County, New Jersey, United States. Mastodons or Mastodonts (from Greek μαστός and οδούς, meaning " Nipple tooth" are members of the extinct Salem County is a County located in the US state of New Jersey. This article is about the country of Egypt For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Egypt topics. A mummy is a Corpse whose Skin and Flesh have been preserved by either intentional or Incidental exposure to Chemicals extreme [43] On the campus of Cook College, the New Jersey Museum of Agriculture houses an extensive collection of agricultural, scientific and household tools that spans 350 years of New Jersey's history. The School of Environmental and Biological Sciences (SEBS is a constituent school within Rutgers The State University of New Jersey 's flagship New Brunswick The bulk of the collection rests on the 8,000-item Wabun C. Krueger Collection of Agricultural, Household, and Scientific Artifacts, and over 30,000 glass negatives and historic photographs. Photography (fә'tɒgrәfi or fә'tɑːgrәfi (from Greek φωτο and γραφία is the process and Art of recording pictures by means of capturing [44] Also located on the Cook College campus is Rutgers Gardens, which features 50 acres (20 hectares) of horticultural, display, and botanical gardens, as well as arboretums. The acre is a unit of Area in a number of different systems including the imperial and U Explanation The hectare is commonly used in most countries around the world especially in domains concerned with land planning and management such as Agriculture, Botanical gardens grow a wide variety of Plants primarily to categorize and document for scientific purposes An arboretum is a collection of trees Related collections include a fruticetum (from the Latin frutex, meaning shrub and a viticetum a collection of vines [45]
Research
It was at Rutgers that Selman Waksman (1888–1973) discovered several antibiotics, including actinomycin, clavacin, streptothricin, grisein, neomycin, fradicin, candicidin, candidin, and others. Selman Abraham Waksman ( 22 July 1888 &ndash 16 August 1973) was an American biochemist and microbiologist In modern usage an antibiotic is a Chemotherapeutic agent with activity against Microorganisms such as Bacteria, fungi or Protozoa Actinomycin is any of a class of Polypeptide antibiotics isolated from soil Bacteria of the genus Streptomyces. Neomycin is an Aminoglycoside Antibiotic that is found in many topical medications such as creams ointments and eyedrops Candicidin is an Antibiotic. Waksman, along with graduate student Albert Schatz (1920–2005), discovered streptomycin—a versatile antibiotic that was to be the first applied to cure tuberculosis. Albert Schatz (2 February 1922 &ndash 17 January 2005 was a scientist who was eventually named the discoverer of Streptomycin, an Antibiotic remedy used to Streptomycin is an Antibiotic drug the first of a class of drugs called Aminoglycosides to be discovered and was the first antibiotic remedy for Tuberculosis Tuberculosis (abbreviated as TB for tubercle bacillus or T u' b' erculosis Bacillus --> is a common For this discovery, Waksman received the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1952. The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (Nobelpriset i fysiologi eller medicin is awarded once a year by the Swedish Karolinska Institute. Year 1952 ( MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
Rutgers continues to be on the frontlines of science and innovation, and has given birth to discoveries and inventions such as water-soluble sustained release polymers, Tetraploids, robotic hands, artificial bovine insemination, and development of the ceramic tiles for the heat shield on the Space Shuttle. NASA 's Space Shuttle, officially called the Space Transportation System ( STS) is the Spacecraft currently used by the United States In health related field, Rutgers has the Environmental & Occupational Health Science Institute (EOHSI).
Rutgers is also home to the RCSB Protein Data bank [2], 'an information portal to Biological Macromolecular Structures' cohosted with the San Diego Supercomputer center. This database is the authoritative research tool for bioinformaticists using protein primary, secondary and tertiary structures world wide. '
Rutgers is home to the Rutgers Cooperative Research & Extension office, which is run by the Agricultural and Experiment Station with the support of local government. The institution provides research & education to the local farming and agro industrial community in 19 of the 21 counties of the state and educational outreach programs offered through the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station Office of Continuing Professional Education. Course Offerings OCPE offers courses in topic areas like Wetlands Professional Golf Course Turf Management Food Science Food Safety Public Health and Safety Landscape
Student life
Residential life
Rutgers University offers a variety of housing options. On the New Brunswick-Piscataway campus, students are given the option of on-campus housing in both traditional dorms or apartments. New Brunswick ( French: Nouveau-Brunswick /nuvobʁɔnzwik/ is one of Canada 's three Maritime provinces and is the only constitutionally Dormitory typically refers in the United States to residence halls which are sleeping quarters or entire buildings primarily providing sleeping and residential quarters for Despite some overcrowding, any student seeking on-campus housing will usually be accommodated with a space. Many Rutgers students opt to rent apartments or houses off-campus within the city of New Brunswick. Similar setups are to be found in Rutgers-Newark and Rutgers-Camden, however a substantial portion of the students on those campuses commute and are enrolled on a part-time basis.
Rutgers University's three campuses are located in the culturally-diverse, redeveloping urban areas (Newark, Camden, and New Brunswick) with convenient access to New York City and Philadelphia by either automobile, Amtrak or New Jersey Transit. Newark is the largest city in New Jersey, United States and the County seat of Essex County. The City of Camden is the County seat of Camden County, New Jersey, in the United States. New Brunswick, also known as "the Healthcare City" or "Hub City" is a city and the County seat of Middlesex County The City of New York Philadelphia (ˌfɪləˈdɛlfiə The National Railroad Passenger Corporation, Doing business as Amtrak, is a Government-owned corporation that was organized on May 1, 1971 The New Jersey Transit Corporation (usually shortened to New Jersey Transit, NJ Transit or NJT) is a statewide Public transportation system serving US News & World Report ranked Rutgers-Newark the most diverse university campus in the United States. USNews & World Report is an influential weekly American Newsmagazine published in Washington D This article discusses Rutgers University's campus in Newark New Jersey [46] Because the area of Rutgers' New Brunswick-Piscataway campus—which is composed of several constituent colleges and professional schools—is sprawled across six municipalities, the individual campuses are connected by an inter-campus bus system. A municipality is an administrative entity composed of a clearly defined territory and its population and commonly denotes a City, Town, or Village, or
Traditions and symbols
The alma mater of Rutgers University is the song entitled On the Banks of the Old Raritan, written by Howard Fullerton (Class of 1874) in 1873. As one of the first nine colleges founded in the United States of America &mdashfounded as Queen's College in 1766 (a decade before the country's independence from Great Britain&mdash Alma mater is Latin for "nourishing mother" It was used in Ancient Rome as a title for the mother Goddess, and in Medieval " On the Banks of the Old Raritan " is the Alma mater of Rutgers University. [9] It is often sung at University occasions, including concerts of the Rutgers University Glee Club, at Convocation and Commencement exercises, and especially at the conclusion of athletic events. Founded in 1872, the Rutgers University Glee Club (RUGC is the eighth oldest Glee Club in United States of America, a nationally recognized men's chorus The university's fight song is The Bells Must Ring, which features the school's spirit chant: "R-U Rah Rah, R-U Rah Rah, Hoo-Rah! Hoo-Rah Rutgers Rah! Upstream Red Team, Red Team Upstream, Rah Rah Rutgers Rah!. A fight song is primarily an American and Canadian sports term referring to a Song associated with a team The Bells Must Ring is the Fight song (or " Spirit song " of the Rutgers University Scarlet Knights "
Scarlet was made the official school color of Rutgers University in 1900. School colors are the Colors chosen by a School to represent it on uniforms and other items of identification Initially, students sought to make orange the school color, citing Rutgers' Dutch heritage and in reference to the Prince of Orange. The colour orange occurs The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands Prince of Orange is a Title of Nobility, originally associated with the Principality of Orange, now in southern France. The Daily Targum first proposed that scarlet be adopted in May 1869, claiming that it was a striking color and because scarlet ribbon was easily obtained. The Daily Targum is the official student Newspaper of Rutgers University, the State University of New Jersey During the first intercollegiate football game with Princeton on 6 November 1869, the players from Rutgers wore scarlet-colored turbans and handkerchiefs to distinguish them as a team from the Princeton players. Princeton University is a private Coeducational research university located in Princeton, New Jersey. Events 355 - Roman Emperor Constantius II promotes his cousin Julian to the rank of Caesar, entrusting him with Year 1869 ( MDCCCLXIX) is a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year The turban (from Persian fa دلبند or دولبند dulband via the Turkish tr tülbent) is a headdress consisting of a long A handkerchief (also called handkercher or hanky) is a form of a Kerchief, typically a square of fabric that can be carried in the Pocket [47] The current mascot is the Scarlet Knight. In its early days, Rutgers athletes were known as "Queensmen" in reference to the institution's first name, Queen's College. However, in 1925, the mascot was changed to Chanticleer, a fighting rooster from the medieval fable Reynard the Fox (Le Roman de Renart) which was used by Geoffrey Chaucer's in the Canterbury Tales. The term mascot – defined as a term for any person animal or object thought to bring Luck – colloquially includes anything used to represent a group with a common A fable is a succinct story in prose or verse that features Animals Plants inanimate objects, or forces of nature which are Reynard the Fox, also known as Renard, Renart, Reinard, Reinecke, Reinhardus, Reynardt, Reynaerde Geoffrey Chaucer (c 1343 – 25 October 1400? was an English author poet Philosopher, bureaucrat, courtier and Diplomat. The Canterbury Tales is a collection of stories written by Geoffrey Chaucer in the 14th century (two of them in Prose, the rest in verse) However, this mascot was often the subject of ridicule because of its association with "being chicken. The chicken ( Gallus gallus, sometimes G gallus domesticus) is a domesticated Fowl which is traditionally believed to have descended from " In 1955, the mascot was changed to the Scarlet Knight after a campus-wide election. [47] The names (and mascots) of the athletic teams at Rutgers-Newark and Rutgers-Camden are the "Scarlet Raiders" and the "Scarlet Raptors," respectively.
Rutgers' motto, Sol iustitiae et occidentem illustra (translated as "Sun of righteousness, shine upon the West also") is derived from the motto of the University of Utrecht in The Netherlands, which is Sol Iustitiae Illustra Nos (translated as "Sun of Justice, shine upon us"). A motto (from the Italian word motto, meaning witticism sentence is a phrase meant to formally describe the general motivation or intention of a social group Utrecht University ( Universiteit Utrecht in Dutch) is a University in Utrecht, The Netherlands. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands It is a reference to the biblical texts of Malachi 4:2 and Matthew 13:43. Etymology According to the Online Etymology Dictionary, the word bible is from Latin biblia, traced from the same word through Medieval Latin and Late Latin Malachi (or Malachias מַלְאָכִי Malʾaḫi Mál'akhî is a book of the Bible Old Testament and Jewish Tanakh, written by the prophet The Gospel of Matthew (Gk Κατά Ματθαίον Ευαγγέλιον is one of the four Canonical gospels in the New Testament and is a Synoptic gospel [48] This motto appears in the University's seal (pictured above), which is also derived from that of the University of Utrecht, and depicts a multi-pointed sun. A seal can mean a wax seal bearing an impressed figure or an embossed figure in paper with the purpose of authenticating a document but the term can also mean any device for The Sun (Sol is the Star at the center of the Solar System. [49]
At Commencement exercises in the Spring, tradition leads undergraduates to break clay pipes over the Class of 1877 Cannon monument in front of Old Queens, symbolizing the breaking of ties with the college, and leaving behind the good times of one's undergraduate years. A pipe is a tool used for Smoking. The designs of pipes vary considerably but for the most part they are reusable and consist of a chamber or bowl in which the substance to Old Queens is the oldest building at Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jersey ( USA) and the seat of the university's administration This symbolic gesture dates back to when pipe-smoking was fashionable among undergraduates, and many college memories were of evenings of pipe smoking and revelry with friends. "Symbolic" redirects here For other uses see Symbolism (disambiguation and Symbolic (disambiguation. During commencement exercises, graduating seniors walk in academic procession under the Class of 1902 Memorial Gateway (erected in 1904) on Hamilton Street leading to the Voorhees Mall where the ceremonies are held for Rutgers College. An academic procession is a traditional ceremony in which university dignitaries march together wearing traditional Academic dress. Voorhees Mall is a grassy area of about 28 acres (01 km² adjacent to the Old Queen's campus located on the College Avenue Campus of Rutgers University in Rutgers The State University of New Jersey (also known as Rutgers University) is the largest institution for higher education in the state of New Jersey Traditionally, students are warned to avoid walking beneath the gate before commencement over a superstition that one who does will not graduate. Superstition ( Latin superstitio, literally "standing over" derived perhaps from standing in awe used in Latin as a unreasonable or excessive belief
Student organizations and activities
Rutgers hosts over 700 student organizations, covering a wide range of interests. Rutgers University hosts over 700 Student organizations covering a wide range of interests Rutgers University is home to chapters of many Greek organizations however only a small percentage of the undergraduate student body is active in Greek life A student society or student organization is an Organization, operated by Students at a University, whose membership normally consists only of Among the first student groups was the first college newspaper in the United States of America. A student newspaper is a Newspaper run by Students of a University, High school, Middle school, or other school The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Political Intelligencer and New Jersey Adviser began publication at Queen's College in 1783, and ceased operation in 1785. [9] Continuing this tradition is the university's current college newspaper, The Daily Targum, established in 1869, which is the second-oldest college newspaper currently published in the United States, after The Dartmouth (1843). The Daily Targum is the official student Newspaper of Rutgers University, the State University of New Jersey The Dartmouth (informally known as The D) is the student newspaper at Dartmouth College and the campus’s only daily Both poet Joyce Kilmer and economist Milton Friedman served as editors. Alfred Joyce Kilmer (December 6 1886 &ndash July 30 1918 was an American Journalist, poet literary critic, Lecturer,and editor. Milton Friedman (July 31 1912 November 16 2006 was an American Nobel Laureate Economist and Public intellectual. Also included are the Rutgers Centurion, a conservative newspaper, the Rutgers University Glee Club, a male choral singing group established in 1872 (among the oldest in the country), as well as the Rutgers University Debate Union. The Rutgers Centurion is a conservative magazine at Rutgers the State University of New Jersey. Founded in 1872, the Rutgers University Glee Club (RUGC is the eighth oldest Glee Club in United States of America, a nationally recognized men's chorus For the musical composition see Chorale. A choir, chorale, or chorus is a Musical ensemble of Singers Year 1872 ( MDCCCLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Governed by the Student Activities Council, and funded by student fees disbursed through student government associations, students can organize groups for practically any political ideology or issue, ethnic or religious affiliation, academic subject, activity, or hobby. A students' union, student government, student senate, students' association, or guild of students is a Student Organization
Rutgers University is home to chapters of many Greek organizations, and a significant percentage of the undergraduate student body is active in Greek life. Several fraternities and sororities maintain houses for their chapters in the area of Union Street (known familiarly as "Frat Row") in New Brunswick, within blocks of Rutgers' College Avenue Campus. Fraternities and sororities (from the Latin words la frater and la soror, meaning "brother" and "sister" respectively are fraternal New Brunswick, also known as "the Healthcare City" or "Hub City" is a city and the County seat of Middlesex County Chapters of Zeta Psi and Delta Phi organized at Rutgers as early as 1845. The Zeta Psi Fraternity of North America was founded June 1, 1847 as a social college fraternity. Delta Phi ( ΔΦ) is a fraternity founded in 1827 at Union College in Schenectady New York. Year 1845 ( MDCCCXLV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common There are over 50 fraternities and sororities on the New Brunswick-Piscataway campus, ranging from traditional to historically African-American, Hispanic, Multicultural, and Asian interest organizations. African Americans or Black Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa Hispanic (hispano hispánico hispânico Hispānus adjective from ''Hispānia'', the Roman name for the Iberian Peninsula) is a term that historically The term multiculturalism generally refers to a state of racial, cultural and ethnic diversity within the Demographics of a specified Asian or Asiatic is a Demonym for people from Asia. However the use of the term varies by country and person often referring to people from a particular [50] Greek organizations are governed by the Office of Fraternity and Sorority Affairs. Twelve organizations maintain chapters in New Brunswick without sanction by the University's administration. [51]
In the late 1800s, the University banned fraternities because of their unusual hazing practices. This caused them to go underground as secret societies. It also sparked the interest of some students to create their own societies. Cap and Skull, Order of the Bull's Blood, and Order of the Red Lion were all founded at Rutgers before the turn of the century. Cap and Skull is a senior-year Honor society at Rutgers University, founded on January 18, 1900. For the Hungarian red wine called Bull’s Blood see Egri Bikavér.
Alumni
Since 1774, when the entire graduating class consisted of one student, Matthew Leydt, there have been over 335,000 graduates, or alumni, of Rutgers University. This is an enumeration of notable people affiliated with Rutgers University, including graduates of the undergraduate and graduate and professional programs former students who did Matthew Leydt (1755-1783 was the first graduate of Queen's College (now Rutgers College of Rutgers University) in New Brunswick, New Jersey. [6] Many alumni remain active through alumni associations—including the Rutgers Alumni Association founded in 1831—annual Reunions and Homecomings, and other events. An alumni association is an association of graduates ( Alumni) or more broadly of former students Rutgers alumni are often known as "Loyal Sons", a term of affection dating from the days when Rutgers offered admission only to men. This term, since the dawn of coeducation has been extended to include Rutgers' "Loyal Daughters".
One of Rutgers' most famous alums was Paul Robeson. Paul LeRoy Bustill Robeson ( April 9, 1898 &ndash January 23, 1976) was a multi-lingual American Actor, athlete Robeson, an African American, won an academic scholarship to Rutgers University. When he went out for the Rutgers University football team, other players beat him up and pulled out his fingernails. He bore the abuse to prove his worth and when he graduated he was a two-time All-American and the school valedictorian, exhorting his classmates to "catch a new vision. " Robeson was the third African-American student accepted at Rutgers, and was the only Black student during his time on campus. Robeson was one of three classmates at Rutgers accepted into Phi Beta Kappa. He was valedictorian of his graduating class and one of four students selected in 1919 to Cap and Skull, Rutgers' honor society. A noted athlete, Robeson earned fifteen varsity letters in football, baseball, basketball, and track and field. For his accomplishments as an end in football, he was twice named a first-team All-American in (1917 and 1918). Football coach Walter Camp described him as "the greatest to ever trot the gridiron. "
Rutgers has graduated three Nobel Laureates, including Selman A. Waksman (A. Selman Abraham Waksman ( 22 July 1888 &ndash 16 August 1973) was an American biochemist and microbiologist B. 1915) in Medicine, Milton Friedman (A. Milton Friedman (July 31 1912 November 16 2006 was an American Nobel Laureate Economist and Public intellectual. B. 1932) in Economics,[52] and David A. Morse (A. David A Morse ( 31 May 1907 &ndash 1 December 1990) is a winner of the Nobel Peace Prize (1969 which he accepted on behalf of the B. 1929), Director-General of the International Labour Organization, who won the Peace Prize in 1969. The International Labour Organization Several alumni have been awarded the Pulitzer Prize, including Michael Shaara (A. The Pulitzer Prize, ˈpʊlɨtsɚ PULL-it-sər is an American award regarded as the highest national honor in Newspaper journalism, Michael Shaara ( June 23, 1928 - May 5, 1988) was an American writer of Science fiction, Sports fiction, and B. 1951), author of The Killer Angels and other historical fiction, in Fiction (1975), journalist Richard Aregood (B. The Killer Angels ( 1974) is a historical novel by Michael Shaara that was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1975. Historical fiction is a sub-genre of Fiction that often portrays alternate accounts or dramatization of historical figures or events The Pulitzer Prize for Fiction has been awarded since 1948 for distinguished fiction by an American author preferably dealing with American life A. 1965) in editorial writing (1985), and Roy Franklin Nichols (A. The Pulitzer Prize for Editorial Writing has been awarded since 1917 for distinguished Editorial writing the test of excellence being clearness of style moral purpose B. 1918) in history (1949). The Pulitzer Prize for History has been awarded since 1917 for a distinguished book upon the history of the United States
Alumni of Rutgers have had a considerable impact in the arts, including those by two noted modern sculptors, George Segal (M. George Segal (born February 13, 1934 in Great Neck, Long Island, New York) is an American film and stage actor A. 1963) and Alice Aycock (B. Alice Aycock (born November 20, 1946) is an American sculptor A. 1968). Many notable buildings in Boston (the Copley Plaza Hotel), and New York City including the The Dakota, Plaza Hotel, the Waldorf and Astoria Hotels (demolished in 1929 to make way for the Empire State Building) as well as several of the oldest buildings on the Rutgers University campus in New Brunswick, were designed by architect Henry Janeway Hardenburgh (A. The Fairmont Copley Plaza hotel (or Copley Plaza as it is colloquially known is a four-star hotel in downtown Boston Massachusetts owned by Fairmont Hotels The City of New York The Dakota, constructed from October 25, 1880 to October 27, 1884, is an Apartment building located on the northwest corner of The Plaza Hotel in New York City is a Landmark 19-story luxury Hotel with a height of 250 feet (76 m and length of that occupies the west side of The Waldorf-Astoria Hotel is a famously luxurious hotel in New York The Waldorf-Astoria Hotel is a famously luxurious hotel in New York The Empire State Building is a 102-story Art Deco Skyscraper in New York City at the intersection of Fifth Avenue and West 34th Street Henry Janeway Hardenbergh ( February 6, 1847 - March 18, 1918) was a U B. 1871). Poet Joyce Kilmer (Class of 1908), attended Rutgers for two years before transferring to Columbia University, was famous for his poem "Trees" and later died in World War I, and Robert Pinsky (B. Alfred Joyce Kilmer (December 6 1886 &ndash July 30 1918 was an American Journalist, poet literary critic, Lecturer,and editor. Columbia University is a private University in the United States and a member of the Ivy League. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All Robert Pinsky (born October 20 1940) is an American Poet, Essayist, literary critic, and Translator. A. 1962), was appointed Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress in 1997. The Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress is appointed by the United States Librarian of Congress and earns a stipend of $35000 a year Filmmaker and critic Wheeler Winston Dixon (Ph. Wheeler Winston Dixon (born March 12, 1950) is best known as a writer of film history theory and criticism D. 1982) has written more than twenty five books on film history, theory and criticism, and his collected films are housed at The Museum of Modern Art in New York City. The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA is an art museum located in Midtown Manhattan in New York City, USA, on 53rd Street between Fifth
Many Rutgers graduates have gone on to careers in public service, including former U.S. Secretary of State and Senator Frederick T. Frelinghuysen (A. The United States Secretary of State (commonly abbreviated as SecState) is the head of the United States Department of State, concerned with Foreign affairs The United States Senate is the Upper house of the bicameral United States Congress, the Lower house being the House of Representatives Frederick Theodore Frelinghuysen ( August 4 1817 &ndash May 20 1885) was a member of the United States Senate representing B. 1836), former U.S. Secretary of Energy Hazel O'Leary (J. The United States Secretary of Energy is the head of the United States Department of Energy, a member of the President's Cabinet, and fifteenth in the Hazel Reid O'Leary (born May 17, 1937) was the seventh United States Secretary of Energy from 1993 to 1997 D. 19??), former FBI director Louis Freeh (B. Louis Joseph Freeh (b January 6 1950 was the 10th Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, serving from September 1993 to June 2001 A. 1971), Vice President of the United States Garret A. Hobart (A. The Vice President of the United States is the first person in the presidential line of succession, becoming the new President of the United States upon the death Garret Augustus Hobart (June 3 1844 &ndash November 21 1899 was the twenty-fourth Vice President of the United States. B. 1863), and former Representative and Senator Clifford P. Case (A. Clifford Philip Case ( 16 April 1904 in Franklin Park New Jersey &ndash 5 March 1982 in Washington D B. 1925). Among the first students enrolled at Rutgers (when it was Queen's College), Simeon DeWitt (A. Simeon De Witt (1756 Wawarsing, Ulster County New York - December 3, 1834 Ithaca New York, Tompkins County New York) B. 1776) became the Surveyor-General for the Continental Army (1776–1783) during the American Revolution and classmate James Schureman (A. In this article the inhabitants of the thirteen colonies that supported the American Revolution are primarily referred to as "Americans" with occasional references to "Patriots" James Schureman ( February 12, 1756 &ndash January 22, 1824) was an American merchant and statesman from New Brunswick New Jersey B. 1775), served in the Continental Congress and as a United States Senator. The Continental Congress was a convention of delegates from the Thirteen Colonies that became the governing body of the United States during the Seven Rutgers graduates have served as Governor of New Jersey: Charles C. Stratton (A. The Governor of New Jersey is the Chief executive of the US state of New Jersey. Charles Creighton Stratton ( March 6, 1796 - March 30, 1859) was a politician from New Jersey, who served in the United States B. 1814), William A. Newell (A. William Augustus Newell ( September 5, 1817, Franklin Ohio August 8, 1901, Allentown New Jersey) was an American B. 1836; A. M. 1839), George C. Ludlow (A. George Craig Ludlow ( April 6, 1830 - December 18, 1900) was an American Democratic Party Politician, who served B. 1850, A. M. 1850), Foster M. Voorhees (A. Foster MacGowan Voorhees ( November 5, 1856 June 14, 1927) was an American, Republican Party politician who served as the B. 1876, A. M. 1879), A. Harry Moore (J. Arthur Harry Moore ( Jersey City New Jersey in July 3, 1879 Branchburg Township New Jersey in November 18, 1952) was a D. 1922), Richard Hughes (J. The name Richard Hughes can mean the following people Richard Hughes (jockey, Irish jockey Richard Hughes (writer, British writer D. 1931), and James J. Florio (J. James Joseph "Jim" Florio (born August 29, 1937) is a Democratic politician who served as the 49th Governor of New D. 1967). Alumnus Joseph P. Bradley (A. B. 1836) was an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (1870–1891) and cast the tie-breaking vote on the bipartisan commission that decided the contested American presidential election in 1876. The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest judicial body in the United States and leads the federal judiciary. Please DO NOT flip the colors --> The United States presidential election of 1876 was one of the most disputed and intense presidential elections in American history
Alumni have founded or headed businesses, including Robert Kriendler (A. B. 1936), owner of the 21 Club in New York City, Leonor F. Loree (A. The 21 Club is a restaurant and former prohibition-era Speakeasy, located at 21 West 52nd Street in New York City. Leonor Fresnel Loree ( April 23 1858 &ndash September 6 1940) was an executive of many Railroads in the United States B. 1877), President of the Pennsylvania Railroad, Bernard Marcus (B. Bernard Marcus (born 1929 in Newark New Jersey) is a co-founder of Home Depot and philanthropist S. 1951), Founder of the Home Depot, Ernest Mario (B. The Home Depot ( is an American Retailer of Home improvement and construction products and services S. 1961), former Chief Executive Officer of GlaxoSmithKline, Duncan McMillan (B. GlaxoSmithKline plc () is a United Kingdom -based pharmaceutical, biological and Healthcare Company. S. 1966), co-founder of Bloomberg L.P., and Barry Schuler (B. Bloomberg LP is a financial software services news and data company Early years Barry Schuler grew up in West New York New Jersey A. 1976), former Chairman and CEO of AmericaOnline (AOL).
Graduates of Rutgers have gone on to make advances in medicine, mathematics and science, most notably Nobel Laureate Selman A. Waksman (B. Selman Abraham Waksman ( 22 July 1888 &ndash 16 August 1973) was an American biochemist and microbiologist Sc. 1915), but also including Peter C. Schultz (B. S. 1967), co-inventor of fiber optics, geneticist Stanley N. Cohen (B. An optical fiber (or fibre) is a Glass or Plastic fiber that carries Light along its length Stanley Norman Cohen is an American geneticist. Originally from Perth Amboy New Jersey, Cohen is a graduate of Rutgers University, Sc. 1956) who pioneered in the field of gene splicing, Louis Gluck (B. Genetic engineering, Recombinant DNA technology, genetic modification/manipulation (GM and gene splicing are terms that apply to the direct S. 1930) the "father of neonatology," computer pioneer Nathan M. Newmark (B. Neonatology is a subspecialty of Pediatrics that consists of the medical care of newborn infants especially the ill or premature newborn infant Nathan Mortimore Newmark ( September 22, 1910 - January 25, 1981) was an American structural engineer and Academic S. 1948) who won the National Medal of Science, and Matthew Golombek (B. The National Medal of Science is an honor bestowed by the President of the United States to individuals in Science and Engineering who have made important S. 1976) who was the project scientist in charge of NASA's Pathfinder mission to Mars.
Rutgers alumni have entertained Americans on the silver screen as well as the small screen, including most notably James Gandolfini (B. James J Gandolfini Jr (born September 18, 1961) is a Golden Globe, three-time Emmy and five-time Screen Actors Guild Award -winning A. 1983), known for his role on The Sopranos, and Oswald "Ozzie" Nelson (B. The Sopranos is an American Television drama series created by David Chase. Oswald George "Ozzie" Nelson ( March 20, 1906 - June 3, 1975) was an American entertainer who originated and starred in A. 1927), fondly remembered for The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet. The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet was a long-running American Television series, airing on ABC from October 3, Film star Asia Carrera (B. Asia Carrera (born Jessica Steinhauser on August 6 1973 in New York City) is a former American pornographic actress. A. 1996) became the most famous adult actress of her generation. The Food Network has rocketed Chef and Restaurateur Mario Batali (B. Mario Batali (b September 9, 1960) is an Italian American Chef, restaurateur, TV host and Writer. A. 1982) into America's homes. Other notable thespian alumni include Avery Brooks (B. Avery Franklin Brooks (born October 2, 1948) is an American Actor, Jazz musician Opera Singer and A. 1973) (Star Trek: Deep Space Nine), Alan Semok (B. A. 1975) (Shining Time Station, K. Shining Time Station was an American Television sequel of Thomas the Tank Engine and Friends series co-created by Britt Allcroft I. D. S. -TV), Kristin Davis (B. Kristin Landen Davis (also listed as Kristin Lee Davis; born February 23 or February 24, 1965 depending on the source is an American F. A. 1987), (Sex and the City), and Calista Flockhart (B. Sex and the City was an American Cable television program The original run of the show was broadcast on HBO from 1998 until 2004 for a Calista Kay Flockhart (born November 11 1964) is an American Actress, primarily on Television. F. A. 1988) (The Birdcage, Ally McBeal). The Birdcage is a 1996 Comedy film directed by Mike Nichols, and stars Robin Williams, Nathan Lane, Gene Hackman Ally McBeal is an American Television series which ran on the FOX network from 1997 to 2002
In athletics, graduates of Rutgers have won Olympic gold medals, been inducted into sports halls of fame, and led numerous teams as general managers and coaches including including Major League Baseball manager Jeff Torborg (B. Jeffrey Allen Torborg (born November 26, 1941 in Plainfield, New Jersey) is a former Catcher and manager in Major A. 1963), Eddie Jordan (B. Edward Montgomery "Eddie" Jordan (born January 29 1955 in Washington D A. 1977), coach of the Washington Wizards, Sonny Werblin (A. David A "Sonny" Werblin ( March 17, 1907 - November 21, 1991) was an owner of the New York Jets. B. 1932), founder of the New York Jets, and David Stern (B. The New York Jets are a professional American football team based in the New York metropolitan area. David Joel Stern (born on September 22, 1942 in New York City, New York) is the current commissioner of the National Basketball Association A. 1963), Commissioner of the National Basketball Association.
Yasser Latif Hamdani, Pakistani writer, lawyer, and constitutional scholar is also a Rutgers alumnus. Yasser Latif Hamdani (b1980 is a Pakistani Lawyer and Writer who advocates what he calls a Secular Pakistani Identity and is an activist
Quincy Magoo (degree and class unknown), a lovable cartoon character from the 1950s and 1960s, was among the proudest of Rutgers' "Loyal Sons. Mr Quincy Magoo (or simply Mr Magoo) is a cartoon character created at the UPA animation studio in 1949 "
Athletics
Rutgers was among the first American institutions to engage in intercollegiate athletics, and participated in a small circle of schools that included Yale University, Columbia University and long-time rival, Princeton University (then called The College of New Jersey). Athletic heritage See also History of Rutgers University Rutgers was among the first American institutions to engage in intercollegiate athletics and participated Rutgers The State University of New Jersey (also known as Rutgers University) is an institution of higher learning with campuses across the State of New Jersey Columbia University is a private University in the United States and a member of the Ivy League. Princeton University is a private Coeducational research university located in Princeton, New Jersey. The four schools met at the Fifth Avenue Hotel in Manhattan on 19 October 1873 to establish a set of rules governing their intercollegiate competition, and particularly to codify the new game of football. Manhattan Island, in New York Harbor, is much the largest part of the Borough of Manhattan, one of the Five Boroughs which form the City of New York Events 202 BCE - The Battle of Zama results in the defeat of Carthage and Hannibal. Year 1873 ( MDCCCLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common College football is American football played by teams of student athletes fielded by American universities, Colleges and military academies Though invited, Harvard chose not to attend. [53] In the early years of intercollegiate athletics, the circle of schools that participated in these athletic events were located solely in the American Northeast. However, by the turn of the century, colleges and universities across the United States began to participate.
In 1864, rowing became the first organized sport at Rutgers. Six mile races were held on the Raritan River among six-oared boats. In 1870, Rutgers held its first intercollegiate competition, against the Lawrence Scientific School of Harvard, the then top-ranked amateur crew of the time. Since the start in 1864, Rutgers has built a strong crew program consisting of heavyweight and lightweight men. Women’s crew was added to the program in 1974.
The first intercollegiate athletic event at Rutgers was a baseball game on 2 May 1866 against Princeton in which they suffered a 40-2 loss. Events 1194 - King Richard I of England gives Portsmouth its first Royal Charter. Year 1866 ( MDCCCLXVI) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common [9] Rutgers University is often referred to as The Birthplace of College Football as the first intercollegiate football game was held on College Field between Rutgers and Princeton on 6 November 1869 in New Brunswick, New Jersey on a plot of ground where the present-day College Avenue Gymnasium now stands. College football is American football played by teams of student athletes fielded by American universities, Colleges and military academies Events 355 - Roman Emperor Constantius II promotes his cousin Julian to the rank of Caesar, entrusting him with Year 1869 ( MDCCCLXIX) is a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year New Brunswick, also known as "the Healthcare City" or "Hub City" is a city and the County seat of Middlesex County See also Rutgers University The College Avenue Gymnasium is an athletic facility on the campus of Rutgers University in New Brunswick New Jersey Rutgers won the game, with a score of 6 runs to Princeton's 4. [9][54][47] According to Parke Davis, the 1869 Rutgers football team shared the national title with Princeton. [55] (This game is believed to have been closer to soccer than to modern American football. )[3]
Since 1866, Rutgers remained unaffiliated with any formal athletic conference and was classified as "independent". From 1946 to 1951, the university was a member of the Middle Three Conference, and from 1958 to 1961, was a member of the Middle Atlantic Conference. History In 1912 the Middle Atlantic States Collegiate Athletics Association (MASCAA was founded primarily as a track association and had its first event a track meeting at [56] In 1978, Rutgers became a member of the Atlantic 10 conference. Year 1978 ( MCMLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar) The Atlantic 10 Conference (A-10 is a Mid-major college athletic conference which operates mostly on the United States' eastern seaboard In 1991, it joined the Big East Conference for football. Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar. The Big East Conference is a collegiate athletics conference consisting of seventeen Universities in the northeastern southeastern and midwestern United All sports programs at Rutgers subsequently became affiliated with the Big East in 1995. Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 [57]
The first intercollegiate competition in Ultimate Frisbee (now called simply "Ultimate") was held between students from Rutgers and Princeton on November 6, 1972 to mark the one hundred third anniversary of the first intercollegiate football game. Ultimate (often called Ultimate Frisbee in reference to the trademarked brand name) is a non-contact Team sport played with a 175 gram Flying Princeton University is a private Coeducational research university located in Princeton, New Jersey. Events 355 - Roman Emperor Constantius II promotes his cousin Julian to the rank of Caesar, entrusting him with Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Rutgers won 29-27. [58]
The Rutgers Men's Basketball Team was among the "Final Four" and ended the 1976 season ranked fourth in the United States, after an 86-70 loss against the University of Michigan in the semifinals, and a 106-92 loss against UCLA in the consolation round of the 1976 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament. The University of Michigan Ann Arbor ( U of M, U-M, UM or simply Michigan) is a top-ranked Coeducational public research The University of California Los Angeles (generally known as UCLA) is a public research university located in Westwood Los Angeles, California, United The 1976 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament involved 32 schools playing in single-elimination play to determine the national champion of men's NCAA [59]
Since 1991, Rutgers is a member of the Big East Conference, a collegiate athletic conference consisting of 16 colleges and universities from the East Coast and Midwestern regions of the United States. The Big East Conference is a collegiate athletics conference consisting of seventeen Universities in the northeastern southeastern and midwestern United The Big East Conference is a member of the Bowl Championship Series. The Bowl Championship Series ( BCS) is a selection system designed to give the top two teams in the NCAA FBS Bowl Subdivision System an opportunity to compete in a "national Rutgers currently fields 27 intercollegiate sports programs and is a Division I school as sanctioned by the National Collegiate Athletic Association. Division I (or D-I) is the highest level of intercollegiate athletics sanctioned by the National Collegiate Athletic Association in the United States The National Collegiate Athletic Association ( NCAA, often pronounced "N-C-Double-A" is a voluntary association of about 1200 institutions conferences organizations The Rutgers-Newark and Rutgers-Camden campuses compete within NCAA Division III. Division III (or DIII) is a division of the National Collegiate Athletic Association of the United States. Rutgers fields thirty teams in NCAA Division I sanctioned sports, including Football, Baseball, Basketball, Crew, Cross Country, Fencing, Field Hockey, Golf, Gymnastics, Lacrosse, Soccer, Softball, Tennis, Track and Field, Swimming and Diving, Wrestling, Volleyball. College football is American football played by teams of student athletes fielded by American universities, Colleges and military academies Baseball is a Bat-and-ball Sport played between two teams of nine players each Basketball is a team Sport in which two teams of five active players each try to score points against one another by propelling a ball through a 10 feet (3 m GB coxless pair of Toby Garbett & Rick Dunn at Henley Royal Regatta 2004 Cross Country running is a Sport of running Compete to complete a course over open or rough terrain faster than other teams Fencing is the art of armed Combat involving Cutting, Stabbing, or slapping bludgeoning Weapons directly manipulated by hand Field hockey is a Team sport in which players attempt to score goals by hitting the Ball across the pitch with a stick Gymnastics is a Sport involving performance of exercises requiring physical strength agility and coordination Lacrosse is a full contact Team sport played using a solid rubber ball and long handled racket called a crosse or Lacrosse stick. Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered Softball is a team Sport popular especially in the United States. Tennis is a sport played between two players ( singles) or between two teams of two players each ( doubles) Swimming is the movement by humans or animals through Water, usually without artificial assistance Diving off a deck into the Great South Bay of Long Islandjpg|thumb|A man dives into the Great South Bay of Long Island. Collegiate wrestling is the commonly-used name of the style of Amateur wrestling practiced at the College and University level in the United States Volleyball is an Olympic team sport in which two teams of 6 active players (5 normal players and one 'libero' are separated by a net that is usually four feet [60]
Since joining the Big East, the Scarlet Knights have won five Big East Conference tournament titles: men's soccer (1997), men's track & field (2005), baseball (2000, 2007), women's basketball (2007). Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered Baseball is a Bat-and-ball Sport played between two teams of nine players each Several other teams have won regular season titles but failed to win the conference's championship tournament. [61]
Most recently, the Rutgers Scarlet Knights' football team has achieved success on the gridiron after several years of losing seasons, being invited to the Insight Bowl on 27 December 2005 in which they lost 45 to 40 against Arizona State University. The Insight Bowl is an NCAA -sanctioned Division I-A post-season American College football Bowl game played in Arizona since 1989 Events 537 - The Hagia Sophia is completed 1512 - The Spanish Crown issues the Laws of Burgos, governing the Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Arizona State University ( ASU) is the largest public Research university in the United States under a single administration with total student [62] This was Rutgers' first bowl appearance since the 16 December 1978 loss against Arizona State, 34-18, at the Garden State Bowl. Events 755 - An Lushan revolts against Chancellor Yang Guozhong at Fanyang, initiating the An Shi Rebellion Year 1978 ( MCMLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar) The Garden State Bowl was an annual post-season College football Bowl game played at Giants Stadium in East Rutherford New Jersey, from
The 2006 football season also saw Rutgers being ranked within the Top 25 teams in major college football polls. After the 9 November 2006 victory over the #3 ranked, undefeated Louisville Cardinals, Rutgers jumped up to seventh in the AP Poll, eighth in the USA Today/Coaches poll, seventh in the Harris Interactive Poll, and sixth in the Bowl Championship Series rankings. Events 694 - Egica, a king of the Visigoths of Hispania, accuses Jews of aiding Muslims sentencing all Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The University of Louisville (also known as U of L) is a public University in Louisville, Kentucky, United States. The USA Today Coaches' Poll is the current name for a weekly ranking of the top 25 NCAA Division I-A College football and Division I The Harris Interactive College Football Poll is a weekly ranking of the top 25 NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision College football teams The Bowl Championship Series ( BCS) is a selection system designed to give the top two teams in the NCAA FBS Bowl Subdivision System an opportunity to compete in a "national These were Rutgers' highest rankings in the football polls since they were ranked fifteenth in 1961. Rutgers ended the season 11-2 after winning the inaugural Texas Bowl on 28 December 2006, defeating the Wildcats of Kansas State University by a score of 37-10 and finishing the season ranked twelfth in the final Associated Press poll of sportswriters, the team's highest season-ending ranking. The Texas Bowl is a post-season NCAA -sanctioned Division I FBS College football Bowl game that has been held for the first time in 2006 in Houston Events 1065 - Westminster Abbey is Consecrated. 1308 - The reign of Emperor Hanazono, Emperor of Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Kansas State University 's (variously "K-State" or "KSU" athletic teams are called the Wildcats and their official color is royal purple white and silver Kansas State University, commonly shortened to K-State, is an institution of higher learning located in Manhattan, Kansas, in the United States The Associated Press ( AP) is an American News agency. The AP is a Cooperative owned by its contributing Newspapers radio [63]
Under Head Coach C. Vivian Stringer, the Women's Basketball program is among the elite programs in the country as they remain consistently ranked in the Top 25, consistently making the NCAA Women's Championship Tournament, and sometimes winning the Big East regular season championship. Charlaine Vivian Stringer (born March 16, 1948) is a prominent African American basketball coach, with one of the best records in the history In 2006-2007, Rutgers won their first ever Big East Conference Tournament Championship. The program has been highly competitive since its inception, winning the 1982 AIAW National Championship, reaching the 2000 Final Four, and reaching the Final Four and national championship game in 2007.
Rutgers maintains athletic rivalries with other collegiate institutions. The university has a historic rivalry with Princeton University and Columbia University (formerly King's College) originating from the early days of college football. Princeton University is a private Coeducational research university located in Princeton, New Jersey. Columbia University is a private University in the United States and a member of the Ivy League. While they maintain this rivalry in other sports, neither of them have met in football since 1980. Rutgers has a basketball rivalry with Seton Hall University,[64] and has developed a growing three-way rivalry with the University of Connecticut and Syracuse University, both fellow Big East Conference members. The University of Connecticut ( Connecticut or UConn) is the State of Connecticut 's Land-grant university. Syracuse University (SU is a private research university located in Syracuse, New York.
With the fall 2007 semester, six of Rutgers New Brunswick/Piscataway's NCAA Division I Olympic sports will become club teams, including men's swimming and diving, men's heavyweight and lightweight crew, men's tennis, and men's and women's fencing.
Trivia
- Rutgers hosted as faculty the influential circle of 1960s artists called the "Rutgers Group" which included Roy Liechtenstein and George Segal. Roy Fox Lichtenstein (October 27 1923 &ndash September 29 1997 was a prominent American Pop artist his work heavily influenced by both popular advertising and George Segal ( November 26, 1924, New York - June 9 2000, New Brunswick New Jersey was an American painter and Sculptor
Points of interest
- Grease Trucks
- The "RAC" (Louis Brown Athletic Center)
- Rutgers Stadium
- Voorhees Mall
- Jane Voorhees Zimmerli Art Museum
- Rutgers Gardens
- Easton Avenue
- George Street
See also
- Colonial colleges
- Henry Rutgers
- List of Rutgers University people
- Lists of colleges and universities
- Philoclean Society
- Public Ivy
- Rutgers-Newark
- Presidents of Rutgers University
- Rutgers-Camden
- Rutgers-Princeton Cannon War
References
Notes and citations
H. The Grease Trucks are a group of food truck vendors located on the College Avenue campus of Rutgers University at New Brunswick New Jersey. The Louis Brown Athletic Center, more commonly known as the RAC (for its original name the Rutgers Athletic Center) is an 9000-seat multi-purpose Arena Rutgers Stadium is the home stadium for the football program at Rutgers The State University of New Jersey. Voorhees Mall is a grassy area of about 28 acres (01 km² adjacent to the Old Queen's campus located on the College Avenue Campus of Rutgers University in The Jane Voorhees Zimmerli Art Museum is located on the Voorhees Mall of the campus of Rutgers University in New Brunswick New Jersey. Rutgers Gardens (20 ha / 50 acres are horticultural display and Botanical gardens, including Arboretums located on the Cook Campus Rutgers University The Colonial Colleges are nine institutions of Higher education chartered in the American Colonies before the American Revolution (1775&ndash1783 Henry Rutgers ( October 7, 1745 in New York City, New York, United States of America &ndash February 17, 1830 This is an enumeration of notable people affiliated with Rutgers University, including graduates of the undergraduate and graduate and professional programs former students who did Lists of universities and colleges. College and university rankings List of universities and colleges by country List The Philoclean Society at Rutgers University in New Brunswick New Jersey is one of the oldest collegiate literary societies in the United Public Ivy is a term coined by Richard Moll in his 1985 book Public Ivys A Guide to America's best public undergraduate colleges and universities to refer to universities which This article discusses Rutgers University's campus in Newark New Jersey The President of Rutgers The State University of New Jersey (also known as Rutgers University) is the chief administrator of Rutgers University and&mdashin The Camden campus of Rutgers University is located in Camden, New Jersey, and was formerly known as the South Jersey Law School and the M. Berman, J. Westbrook, Z. Feng, G. Gilliland, T. N. Bhat, H. Weissig, I. N. Shindyalov, P. E. Bourne: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Research, 28 pp. 235-242 (2000).
- ^ National Association of College and University Business Officers 2007 NACUBO Endowment Study, accessed 22 February 2008.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i 2006–2007 Factbook. Rutgers University. Retrieved on 2007-08-23. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 79 - Mount Vesuvius begins stirring on the feast day of Vulcan the Roman god of fire
- ^ Note: Of the nine colonial colleges, seven (Harvard, Yale, Pennsylvania, Princeton, Columbia, Brown and Dartmouth) remained private, and of the two remaining, William and Mary was taken over by the Commonwealth of Virginia and reincorporated as a public institution in 1888, and Rutgers became the State University of New Jersey by acts of the state legislature in 1945 (Public Law 1945, chapter 49, page 115) and 1956 (Public Law, chapter 61) now enshrined as New Jersey Statute 18A:65-1 et seq.
- ^ a b N.J.S.A. 18A:65-1 et seq. (Public Law 1956, chapter 61) repealing and succeeding P. L. 1945, c. 49, p. 115. accessed 8 August 2006. Events 1220 - Sweden is defeated by Estonian tribes in the Battle of Lihula. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
- ^ Top 500 World Universities (2006) Institute of Higher Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University. Accessed 31 December 2006. Events 406 – Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gallia. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
- ^ a b Getting to Know Rutgers from the Office of Undergraduate Admissions website, published by Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (no further authorship information available), accessed 25 January 2007. Events 41 - After a night of negotiation Claudius is accepted as Roman Emperor by the Senate Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.
- ^ a b And then there was Rutgers... in The Daily Targum 8 November 2002, accessed 12 August 2006. Events 1519 - Hernán Cortés enters Tenochtitlán and Aztec ruler Moctezuma welcomes him with great a Celebration See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1099 - First Crusade: Battle of Ascalon - Crusaders under the command of Godfrey of Bouillon defeat Fatimid Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p A Historical Sketch of Rutgers University by Thomas J. Frusciano, University Archivist, accessed 12 August 2006.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Rutgers Through the Years Timeline at Rutgers University, accessed 12 August 2006.
- ^ A Charter for Queen's College in New Jersey (1770) in Special Collections and University Archives, Archibald S. Alexander Library, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey.
- ^ Rutgers College and the American Revolution, accessed July 12, 2006
- ^ Paths to Historic Rutgers: A Self-Guided Tour, at Rutgers University, accessed 9 August 2006. Events 1191 - Saladin 's garrison surrenders ending the two-year Siege of Acre. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
- ^ a b Commission on Health Science, Education and Training: Rutgers Targeted Assesment accessed 15 August 2006. Events 778 - The Battle of Roncevaux Pass, at which Roland is killed Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
- ^ Rutgers: Members of the Board of Trustees accessed 15 August 2006. Events 778 - The Battle of Roncevaux Pass, at which Roland is killed Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
- ^ Rutgers:Members of the Board of Governors accessed 15 August 2006. Events 778 - The Battle of Roncevaux Pass, at which Roland is killed Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
- ^ "A View from the Inside" (an interview with Dr. Richard P. McCormick) by Thomas J. Frusciano in Rutgers Magazine" (Winter 2006), accessed 16 August 2006. Events 1384 - The Hongwu Emperor of Ming China, Emperor Dong hears a case of a couple who tore paper money bills while fighting Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
- ^ Rutgers:Governing Boards of the University accessed 15 August 2006. Events 778 - The Battle of Roncevaux Pass, at which Roland is killed Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
- ^ Note: Rutgers is the only one of the original nine colonial colleges to satisfy all three categories. The Colonial Colleges are nine institutions of Higher education chartered in the American Colonies before the American Revolution (1775&ndash1783 Seven of the colonial colleges remained private institutions. Of the two that became state institutions, Rutgers and College of William and Mary, only Rutgers was named a land-grant college. The College of William and Mary (officially The College of William and Mary in Virginia, also known as William & Mary or W&M) is a Public university
- ^ Association of American Universities, AAU, Retrieved on 2006-08-06
- ^ Top 500 World Universities. Shanghai Jiao Tong University. Shanghai Jiao Tong University ( abbreviated Jiao Da (交大 or SJTU) located in Shanghai, is one of the oldest and most influential universities Accessed on 15 August 2006. Events 778 - The Battle of Roncevaux Pass, at which Roland is killed Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
- ^ Washington Monthly 2006 American College Rankings
- ^ The Top American Research Universities accessed 21 October 2006.
- ^ America's Best Colleges 2006, U.S. News & World Report, accessed May 4, 2006
- ^ National Research Council: 1995 National Research Council ranking of Graduate Research Programs. USNews & World Report is an influential weekly American Newsmagazine published in Washington D Events 1256 - The Augustinian monastic order is constituted at the Lecceto Monastery when Pope Alexander IV Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. (most recent edition)
- ^ http://www.english.ucsb.edu/undergrad/aftermajor/gradrankings.asp UCSB website] citing 2001 U. S. News & World Report Data, accessed 15 August 2006. Events 778 - The Battle of Roncevaux Pass, at which Roland is killed Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
- ^ UVA website citing April 1, 2005 U. Events 527 - Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. S. News & World Report data and rankings, accessed 15 August 2006. Events 778 - The Battle of Roncevaux Pass, at which Roland is killed Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
- ^ St. Olaf College webpage citing 1998 U. S. News & World Report data and rankings, accessed 15 August 2006. Events 778 - The Battle of Roncevaux Pass, at which Roland is killed Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
- ^ SUNY Stony Brook webpage citing Nov. /Dec. 1998 issue of Science Watch and other data, accessed 15 August 2006. Events 778 - The Battle of Roncevaux Pass, at which Roland is killed Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
- ^ Law Rankings Accessed 27 July 2007.
- ^ Rutgers Business School News Accessed 12 November 2006.
- ^ The Philosophical Gourmet Report accessed 15 August 2006. Events 778 - The Battle of Roncevaux Pass, at which Roland is killed Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
- ^ "Philosophy Department rated number one" by Steve Manas, article from 18 November 2002, accessed 15 August 2006. Events 326 - The old St Peter's Basilica is consecrated 1302 - Pope Boniface VIII issues the Papal bull See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 778 - The Battle of Roncevaux Pass, at which Roland is killed Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
- ^ George Mason University webpage
- ^ America's Best Colleges 2007 from U. S. News and World Report, accessed 18 November 2008.
- ^ CollegeBoard.com college comparison, accessed 22 October 2006.
- ^ http://oirap.rutgers.edu/msa/Documents/gender_summary.pdf
- ^ Rutgers University Libraries: Library Facts & Figures accessed 8 August 2006. Events 1220 - Sweden is defeated by Estonian tribes in the Battle of Lihula. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
- ^ ALA:The Nation's Largest Libraries accessed 15 August 2006. Events 778 - The Battle of Roncevaux Pass, at which Roland is killed Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
- ^ a b Archibald S. Alexander Library Collection Description Accessed 10 January 2007
- ^ LSM Collection Description accessed 10 January 2007
- ^ LSM History accessed 10 January 2007
- ^ Zimmerli Art Museum: Collections accessed 8 August 2006. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1220 - Sweden is defeated by Estonian tribes in the Battle of Lihula. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
- ^ Rutgers University Geology Museum accessed 8 August 2006. Events 1220 - Sweden is defeated by Estonian tribes in the Battle of Lihula. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
- ^ New Jersey Museum of Agriculture accessed 14 August 2006. Events 1183 - Taira no Munemori and the Taira clan take the young Emperor Antoku and the three sacred treasures Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
- ^ Rutgers Gardens: A Message from the Director accessed 10 September 2006.
- ^ [1] from U. S. News & World Report accessed 9 September 2006
- ^ a b c Tradition at www.scarletknights.com (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University). Accessed 10 September 2006.
- ^ King James Bible, Book of Malachi, Chapter 4 verse 2: "But unto you that fear my name shall the Sun of righteousness arise with healing in his wings; and ye shall go forth, and grow up as calves of the stall. " and King James Bible, Gospel According to St. Matthew, Chapter 13, verse 43: "Then shall the righteous shine forth as the sun in the kingdom of their Father. Who hath ears to hear, let him hear. "
- ^ Presidential Inauguration: Inauguration Pageantry and Color accessed 9 September 2006.
- ^ Office of Fraternity and Sorority Affairs at Rutgers University, accessed 9 September 2006.
- ^ Registered Fraternities and Sororities Office of Fraternity and Sorority Affairs, Rutgers University, accessed 9 September 2006.
- ^ "Milton Friedman" at Alumni News & Events: Rutgers Hall of Distinguished Alumni, published by Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (no further authorship information available). Accessed 25 January 2007. Events 41 - After a night of negotiation Claudius is accepted as Roman Emperor by the Senate Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.
- ^ A History of American Football until 1889 accessed 10 September 2006.
- ^ NFL History at the National Football League website, accessed 10 September 2006.
- ^ College Football Past National Championships at the National Collegiate Athletic Association website, accessed 29 December 2006.
- ^ Rutgers football history database at NationalChamps. net, accessed 3 January 2007.
- ^ Rutgers at BigEast. org (Official Site of the Big East Conference. Published by the Big East Conference (no further authorship information available). Accessed 12 January 2007.
- ^ "Discography" from Failure Magazine, accessed 4 August 2006.
- ^ 1976 NCAA Division I Basketball Tournament at shrpsports. com, accessed 29 December 2006.
- ^ Rutgers Athletics, accessed September 24, 2006
- ^ Big East Championship Records published by the Big East Athletic Conference, accessed 8 August 2006. Events 622 - Prophet Muhammad completes his hegira from Mecca to Medina. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
- ^ Insight Bowl - December 27, 2005, accessed September 24, 2006
- ^ Rutgers ends up No. 12 in final AP poll: Ranking is highest finish in program history, Courier-News, January 9, 2007
- ^ "Rivalry Rising: With both teams lagging behind in the Big East, a new coach looks to revitilize Rutgers-Seton Hall" by Brian Johnson in The Daily Targum (26 January 2007). Events 622 - Prophet Muhammad completes his hegira from Mecca to Medina. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 475 - Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to flee his capital at Constantinople. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1340 - King Edward III of England is declared King of France. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Accessed 28 January 2007. Events 1077 - Walk to Canossa: The Excommunication of Henry IV Holy Roman Emperor is lifted Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.
Books and printed materials
- Demarest, William Henry Steele. History of Rutgers College: 1776–1924. (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers College, 1924). (No ISBN)
- History of Rutgers College: or an account of the union of Rutgers College, and the Theological Seminary of the General Synod of the Reformed Dutch Church. Prepared and published at the request of several trustees of the College, by a trustee. (New York: Anderson & Smith, 1833). (No ISBN)
- Lukac, George J. (ed. ), Aloud to Alma Mater. (New Brunswick, New Jersey: Rutgers University Press, 1966), 70–73. (No ISBN)
- McCormick, Richard P. Rutgers: a Bicentennial History. (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1966). ISBN 0-8135-0521-6
- Schmidt, George P. Princeton and Rutgers: The Two Colonial Colleges of New Jersey. (Princeton, NJ: Van Nostrand, 1964). (No ISBN)
External links
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic