Citizendia

This article is about literature from Russia. For the song by Maxïmo Park, see Our Earthly Pleasures. Maxïmo Park (sometimes spelled Maximo Park) are an English Post-punk revival band signed to Warp Records, who formed in 2000 Our Earthly Pleasures is the second Album by Newcastle -based indie rock band Maxïmo Park.

Russian literature refers to the literature of Russia or its émigrés, and to the Russian-language literature of several independent nations once a part of what was historically Russia or the Soviet Union. Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending Émigré is a French term that literally refers to a person who has "migrated out" but often carries a connotation of politico-social self- Exile. Russian ( transliteration:,) is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 Prior to the nineteenth century Russia produced very little, if any, internationally read literature, but from around the 1830's Russian literature underwent an astounding golden age, beginning with the poet Aleksandr Pushkin and culminating in two of the greatest novelists in world literature, Leo Tolstoy and Fyodor Dostoevsky, and the playwright Anton Chekhov. Leo Tolstoy, or Count Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy ( –) (Лев Никола́евич Толсто́й, was a Russian Writer widely regarded Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky (Фёдор Миха́йлович Достое́вский, sometimes transliterated Dostoyevsky, Dostoievsky, Anton Pavlovich Chekhov ( –) (Анто́н Па́влович Че́хов) was a Russian short-story writer and Playwright, considered to be one In the twentieth century leading figures of Russian literature included internationally recognised poets such as Vladimir Mayakovsky, Boris Pasternak, Anna Akhmatova and Joseph Brodsky, and prose writers Maxim Gorky, Vladimir Nabokov, Mikhail Sholokhov, Mikhail Bulgakov and Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn. Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky (Влади́мир Влади́мирович Маяко́вский ( &ndash April 14, 1930) was a Russian poet and Boris Leonidovich Pasternak (Бори́с Леони́дович Пастерна́к ( — May 30, 1960) was a Nobel Prize -winning Soviet Anna Akhmatova (А́нна Ахма́това real name А́нна Андре́евна Горе́нко ( — March 5 1966 was the Pen name of Anna Andreevna Gorenko Joseph Brodsky ( May 24, 1940 — January 28, 1996) born Iosif Aleksandrovich Brodsky (Иосиф Александрович Бродский Aleksey Maksimovich Peshkov ( In Алексе́й Макси́мович Пешко́в ( &ndash June 18, 1936) better known as Maxim Gorky (Максим This page is about the novelist For his father the politician see Vladimir Dmitrievich Nabokov. Michail Aleksandrovich Sholokhov ( Russian: Михаи́л Алекса́ндрович Шо́лохов mʲɪxɐˈil əlʲɪˈksandrəvʲɪtɕ ˈʂoləxəf ( – Mikhail Afanasievich Bulgakov (Михаил Афанасьевич Булгаков, Kiev &ndash March 10, 1940, Moscow) was a Russian Aleksandr Isayevich Solzhenitsyn ( Алекса́ндр Иса́евич Солжени́цын) (December 11 1918 – August 3 2008 was a Russian Novelist

Contents

Early history

Old Russian literature consists of several masterpieces written in the Old Russian language (not to be confused with the contemporaneous Church Slavonic). Old East Slavic, also known as Old Russian (древнерусский or Old Ruthenian, was a vernacular literary language used from the 10th to the 14th centuries Church Slavonic (also Church Slavic, Old Bulgarian) is the Liturgical language of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church, Macedonian Orthodox Anonymous works of this nature include The Tale of Igor's Campaign (Слово о Полку Игореве, Slovo o Polku Igoreve) and the Praying of Daniel the Immured (Моление Даниила Заточника, or Moleniye Daniila Zatochnika). The Tale of Igor's Campaign ( Old East Slavic: Слово о плъку Игоревѣ Slovo o plŭku Igorevě; Слово о полку Ігоревім "Praying of Daniel the Immured" ("Моление Даниила Заточника" in Russian, or Moleniye Danila Zatochnika is a Russian Literary The so-called жития святых (zhitiya svyatikh, lives of the saints) formed a popular genre of the Old Russian literature. For the author of the Christian historical text see Alban Butler. A genre (ˈʒɑːnrə also /ˈdʒɑːnrə/ from French "kind" or "sort" from Latin: genus (stem gener-) is a loose set The Life of Alexander Nevsky (Житие Александра Невского, or Zhitiye Aleksandra Nevskovo) offers a well-known example. See Life of Alexander Nevsky (illuminated manuscript for the 16th century work Other Russian literary monuments include Zadonschina, Physiologist, Synopsis and A Journey Beyond the Three Seas. Zadonshchina ( «Задонщина» in Russian; could be translated as "the region beyond the Don River " is a Russian literary Originally Physiologist was an ancient collection of stories about Nature, which probably appeared in Alexandria in 200 - 300 A Synopsis, also known as the Kievan Synopsis ( Київський Синопсис, Синопсис, Киевский синопсис) is a historical A Journey Beyond the Three Seas (Хожение за три моря Khozheniye za tri morya) is a Russian literary monument in the form of travel notes Bylinas -- oral folk epics -- fused Christian and pagan traditions. Bylina ( Russian: были́на also Byliny, Bylyny and Stariny) is a traditional epic, Medieval Russian literature had an overwhelmingly religious character and used an adapted form of the Church Slavonic language with many South Slavic elements. Church Slavonic (also Church Slavic, Old Bulgarian) is the Liturgical language of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church, Macedonian Orthodox The first work in colloquial Russian, the autobiography of archpriest Avvakum, emerged only in the mid-17th century. Russian ( transliteration:,) is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages Avvakum Petrov (Kondratiev (Аввакум Петров (Кондратьев ( November 20, 1620 or 1621 - April 14, 1682) was a As a means of recording the passage of Time, the 17th Century was that Century which lasted from 1601 - 1700 in the Gregorian calendar

Petrine era

The "Westernization" of Russia, commonly associated with Peter the Great and Catherine the Great, coincided with a reform of the Russian alphabet and increased tolerance of the idea of employing the popular language for general literary purposes. Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending Catherine II, called Catherine the Great (Екатерина II Великая Yekaterina II Velikaya;) reigned as Empress of Russia for 34 years Authors like Antioch Kantemir, Vasily Trediakovsky, and Mikhail Lomonosov in the earlier 18th century paved the way for poets like Derzhavin, playwrights like Sumarokov and Fonvizin, and prose writers like Karamzin and Radishchev. Vasily Kirillovich Trediakovsky ( Василий Кириллович Тредиаковский (Тредьяковский in Astrakhan &mdash in Sankt Petersburg Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov (Михаи́л Васи́льевич Ломоно́сов () was a Russian Polymath, scientist The 18th century lasted from 1701 to 1800 in the Gregorian calendar, in accordance with the Anno Domini / Common Era numbering system Gavriil (Gavrila Romanovich Derzhavin (Гаврии́л (Гаври́ла Рома́нович Держа́вин July 14 1743 &ndash July 20 1816 was the greatest Russian poet Aleksandr Petrovich Sumarokov (Russian Александр Петрович Сумароков ( November 25 1717 - October 12 1777) was Denis Ivanovich Fonvizin (Russian Денис Иванович Фонвизин ( 14 April 1744 ?– 1 December 1792) is the only playwright of Nikolai Mikhailovich Karamzin ( Никола́й Миха́йлович Карамзи́н) (December 1 1766 – June 3 1826 a Russian author credited Aleksandr Nikolayevich Radishchev (Алекса́ндр Никола́евич Ради́щев ( August 31, 1749 &ndash September 24, 1802

Golden Era

Alexander Pushkin by Vasily Tropinin
Alexander Pushkin by Vasily Tropinin

The 19th century is traditionally referred to as the "Golden Era" of Russian literature. Vasily Andreevich Tropinin (Василий Андреевич Тропинин ( &ndash) was a Russian Romantic painter Romanticism permitted a flowering of especially poetic talent: the names of Zhukovsky and Aleksandr Pushkin came to the fore, followed by Mikhail Lermontov and Fyodor Tyutchev. Romanticism is a complex artistic literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Western Europe, and gained strength during the Vasily Andreyevich Zhukovsky (Василий Андреевич Жуковский ( – April 1852 was the foremost Russian poet of the 1810s Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov (Михаи́л Ю́рьевич Ле́рмонтов) ( –) a Russian Romantic Writer and Poet, sometimes Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev (Russian Фёдор Иванович Тютчев -) is generally considered the last of three great Romantic poets of Russia following Alexander Pushkin

Nineteenth-century developments included Ivan Krylov the fabulist; non-fiction writers such as Belinsky and Herzen; playwrights such as Griboedov and Ostrovsky; poets such as Evgeny Baratynsky, Konstantin Batyushkov, Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov, Aleksey Konstantinovich Tolstoy, Fyodor Tyutchev, and Afanasij Fet; Kozma Prutkov (a collective pen name) the satirist; and a group of widely recognised novelists such as Nikolai Gogol, Leo Tolstoy, Fyodor Dostoevsky, Leskov, Ivan Turgenev, Saltykov-Shchedrin and Goncharov. Ivan Andreyevich Krylov (Ива́н Андре́евич Крыло́в ( February 13, 1769 - November 21, 1844) is Russia's best known Aleksandr Ivanovich Herzen ( Алекса́ндр Ива́нович Ге́рцен) ( —) was a major Russian pro-Western writer and thinker known as the "father Alexander Sergeyevich Griboyedov (Александр Сергеевич Грибоедов alternative transcription Griboedov ( January 15, 1795 – February Alexander Nikolayevich Ostrovsky (Александр Николаевич Островский (&ndash was a Russian Playwright Evgeny Abramovich Baratynsky (Russian Евгений Абрамович Баратынский — July 11, 1844) was lauded by Alexander Pushkin as Konstantin Nikolayevich Batyushkov Константин Николаевич Батюшков ( Vologda -, Vologda) was an important precursor of Nikolay Alexeyevich Nekrasov (Никола́й Алексе́евич Некра́сов &ndash) was a Russian poet writer critic and publisher associate of Vissarion See also Tolstoy Another Russian writer is Aleksey Nikolayevich Tolstoy Count Aleksey Konstantinovich Tolstoy (Алексей Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev (Russian Фёдор Иванович Тютчев -) is generally considered the last of three great Romantic poets of Russia following Alexander Pushkin Afanasy Afanasievich Fet (Афанасий Афанасьевич Фет December 5, 1820 — December 3, 1892) or Foeth, later Kozma Prutkov (Козьма Петрович Прутков is a fictional author invented by Aleksey Konstantinovich Tolstoy and his cousins three Zhemchuzhnikov brothers Nikolai Vasilievich Gogol (Никола́й Васи́льевич Го́голь Nikolai Vasilevich Gogol;; Микола Васильович Гоголь Leo Tolstoy, or Count Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy ( –) (Лев Никола́евич Толсто́й, was a Russian Writer widely regarded Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky (Фёдор Миха́йлович Достое́вский, sometimes transliterated Dostoyevsky, Dostoievsky, Nikolai Semyonovich Leskov (Николай Семёнович Лесков &mdash) was a Russian Journalist, Novelist and short story Writer Ivan Sergeyevich Turgenev ( ɪˈvan sʲɪrˈgʲeɪvʲɪtɕ turˈgʲenʲɪf ( &ndash) was a Russian novelist and playwright Mikhail Yevgrafovich Saltykov-Shchedrin (Михаил Евграфович Салтыков-Щедрин in Spas-Ugol village Tver guverniya &ndash - in Ivan Aleksandrovich Goncharov (Ива́н Алекса́ндрович Гончаро́в (– was a Russian novelist best known as the author of Oblomov

The influence of Pushkin cannot be overstated. He is credited with both crystalizing the literary Russian language and introducing a new level of artistry to Russian literature. His best-known work is a novel in verse, Eugene Onegin. Eugene Onegin ( Russian: Евгений Онегин BGN/PCGN: Yevgeniy Onegin) is a Novel in verse written by Aleksandr Pushkin In the field of the novel, Tolstoy and Dostoevsky in particular were titanic figures, and have remained internationally renowned, to the point that many scholars have described one or the other as the greatest novelist ever.

Silver Age

Other genres came to the fore with the approach of the 20th century. Anton Chekhov excelled in writing short stories and became perhaps the leading dramatist internationally of his period. Anton Pavlovich Chekhov ( –) (Анто́н Па́влович Че́хов) was a Russian short-story writer and Playwright, considered to be one

The beginning of the 20th century ranks as the Silver Age of Russian poetry. Well-known writers of the period include: Leonid Andreyev, Innokenty Annensky, Andrei Bely, Alexander Blok, Valery Bryusov, Marina Tsvetaeva, Sergei Esenin, Nikolay Gumilyov, Anna Akhmatova, Daniil Kharms, Velimir Khlebnikov, Dmitry Merezhkovsky, Vladimir Mayakovsky, Zinaida Gippius, Fedor Sologub and Maximilian Voloshin. Leonid Nikolaievich Andreev (Леонид Николаевич Андреев – September 12, 1919) was a Russian playwright and short-story writer Innokentiy Fyodorovich Annensky (Иннокентий Фёдорович Анненский ( September 1 1855 N Andrei Bely (Андрей Белый was the pseudonym of Boris Nikolaevich Bugaev ( &ndash January 8, 1934) a Russian novelist poet Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Blok (Александр Александрович Блок &ndash August 7, 1921 waswas one of the most gifted lyrical poets produced by Russia Valery Yakovlevich Bryusov (Вале́рий Я́ковлевич Брю́сов ( &ndash October 9 1924) was a Russian poet prose writer dramatist translator Marina Ivanovna Tsvetaeva (Мари́на Ива́новна Цвета́ева Marina Ivanovna Cvetaeva ( &ndash 31 August 1941 was a Russian and Soviet Poet Sergei Yesenin (Серге́й Алекса́ндрович Есе́нин  – December 27, 1925) was a Russian lyrical Poet. Nikolay Stepanovich Gumilyov (Николай Степанович Гумилёв April 15 NS 1886 - August 1921 was an influential Russian Anna Akhmatova (А́нна Ахма́това real name А́нна Андре́евна Горе́нко ( — March 5 1966 was the Pen name of Anna Andreevna Gorenko Daniil Kharms ( Даниил Иванович Хармс; &ndash 2 February, 1942) was an early Soviet -era Surrealist and absurdist Velimir Khlebnikov (Russian Велими́р Хле́бников first name also spelled Velemir last name also spelled Chlebnikov Hlebnikov Xlebnikov pseudonym of Viktor Dmitry Sergeyevich Merezhkovsky, Дмитрий Сергеевич Мережковский ( August 14, 1865, St Petersburg - December 9, Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky (Влади́мир Влади́мирович Маяко́вский ( &ndash April 14, 1930) was a Russian poet and Zinaida Nikolaevna Gippius, Зинаида Николаевна Гиппиус (1869 - 1945 was a Russian Symbolist poet and author Fyodor Sologub (Фёдор Сологу́б born Fyodor Kuzmich Teternikov, Фёдор Кузьми́ч Тете́рников - December 5, 1927) was Maximilian Alexandrovich Kirienko-Voloshin (Максимилиа́н Алекса́ндрович Кирие́нко-Воло́шин (May 28 1877 - November 8 1932 was a Russian

Soviet era

Bulgakov's The Master and Margarita has moved from underground cult classic to recognised satirical masterpiece
Bulgakov's The Master and Margarita has moved from underground cult classic to recognised satirical masterpiece

Sovietization of Russia affected literature after 1917. The Master and Margarita (Мастер и Маргарита is a novel by Mikhail Bulgakov, woven about the premise of a visit by the Devil to the A cult film is a Film that has acquired a highly devoted but relatively small group of fans. A soviet (сове́т, "council" originally was a workers' local council in late Imperial Russia. Maxim Gorky, Nobel Prize winner Mikhail Sholokhov, Valentin Kataev, Aleksei Nikolaevich Tolstoi, Vladimir Mayakovsky, Ilf and Petrov came to prominence as part of Soviet literature. Aleksey Maksimovich Peshkov ( In Алексе́й Макси́мович Пешко́в ( &ndash June 18, 1936) better known as Maxim Gorky (Максим The Nobel Prize in Literature (Nobelpriset i litteratur is awarded annually since 1901 to an author from any country who has in the words from the will of Alfred Michail Aleksandrovich Sholokhov ( Russian: Михаи́л Алекса́ндрович Шо́лохов mʲɪxɐˈil əlʲɪˈksandrəvʲɪtɕ ˈʂoləxəf ( – Valentin Petrovich Kataev (also spelled Katayev (Валентин Петрович Катаев ( &ndash April 12 1986) was a Russian novelist Aleksei Nikolaevich Tolstoi (Алексей Николаевич Толстой ( January 10, 1883 ( December 29, 1882 ( O Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky (Влади́мир Влади́мирович Маяко́вский ( &ndash April 14, 1930) was a Russian poet and Ilya Ilf (Ilya Arnoldovich Faynzilberg (Илья Арнольдович Файнзильберг 1897&ndash1937 and Evgeny or Yevgeny Petrov This article is about literature from Russia For the song by Maxïmo Park, see Our Earthly Pleasures. Whilst Socialist realism gained official support in the Soviet Union, some of the writers—such as Mikhail Bulgakov, Boris Pasternak, Andrei Platonov, Osip Mandelstam, Yury Trifonov, Isaac Babel and Vasily Grossman—secretly continued the classical tradition of Russian literature, writing "into the desk", with no hope of publishing such works until after their deaths. Socialist realism is a teleologically -oriented style of realistic art which has as its purpose the furtherance of the goals of Socialism and Communism The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 Mikhail Afanasievich Bulgakov (Михаил Афанасьевич Булгаков, Kiev &ndash March 10, 1940, Moscow) was a Russian Boris Leonidovich Pasternak (Бори́с Леони́дович Пастерна́к ( — May 30, 1960) was a Nobel Prize -winning Soviet Andrei Platonov (АндрейПлато́нов( September 1, 1899 &ndash January 5, 1951) was the pen name of Andrei Platonovich Klimentov Osip Emilyevich Mandelstam (also spelled Mandelshtam) (О́сип Эми́льевич Мандельшта́м ( &ndash December 27, 1938) was a Yury Valentinovich Trifonov (Юрий Валентинович Трифонов August 28, 1925 - 28 March, 1981) was a leading representative Isaac Emmanuilovich Babel, Исаак Эммануилович Бабель ( – January 27, 1940) was a Soviet journalist playwright and short story writer who Vasily Semyonovich Grossman (first name alternatively spelled as Vassily or Vasiliy Василий Семёнович Гроссман December 12 1905 &ndash The Serapion Brothers insisted on the right to create a literature independent of political ideology: this brought them into conflict with the government. The Serapion Brothers (or Serapion Fraternity, Серапионовы Братья was a group of writers formed in St Nor did the authorities tolerate the experimental art of the Oberiuts. OBERIU (in Russian ОБэРИу - Объединение реального искусства An Association of Real Art was a short-lived avant-garde grouping of Russian post-Futurist Meanwhile, émigré writers such as Nobel Prize winner Ivan Alekseyevich Bunin, Alexander Kuprin, Andrey Bely, Marina Tsvetaeva and Vladimir Nabokov continued to flourish in exile. Ivan Alekseyevich Bunin ( Ива́н Алексе́евич Бу́нин) (— November 8, 1953) was the first Russian writer to win the Aleksandr Ivanovich Kuprin (Александр Иванович Куприн September 7, 1870 ( August 26, 1870 OS) in the town Andrei Bely (Андрей Белый was the pseudonym of Boris Nikolaevich Bugaev ( &ndash January 8, 1934) a Russian novelist poet Marina Ivanovna Tsvetaeva (Мари́на Ива́новна Цвета́ева Marina Ivanovna Cvetaeva ( &ndash 31 August 1941 was a Russian and Soviet Poet This page is about the novelist For his father the politician see Vladimir Dmitrievich Nabokov.

In post-Stalin Russia, Socialist realism remained the only permitted style; writers like Nobel Prize winner Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn (who built his works on the legacy of the gulag camps) or Venedikt Erofeev continued the tradition of clandestine literature. Joseph Stalin ( ნამდვილი გვარი ჯუღაშვილი|Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili; March 5 1953 was General Secretary of the Communist Party Aleksandr Isayevich Solzhenitsyn ( Алекса́ндр Иса́евич Солжени́цын) (December 11 1918 – August 3 2008 was a Russian Novelist The Gulag was the government agency that administered the penal labor camps of the Soviet Union. Venedikt Vasilyevich Erofeev (Венедикт Васильевич Ерофеев ( October 24, 1938 &mdash May 11, 1990) was a In addition, Soviet authorities put pressure on the Nobel Prize committee to deny Konstantin Paustovsky the Literature Prize in 1965. The Nobel Prize (Nobelpriset (Nobelprisen is a Swedish prize established in the 1895 will of Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel; it was first awarded in Peace, Literature Konstantin Georgiyevich Paustovsky (Константин Георгиевич Паустовский)&mdash July 14, 1968) was a Russian Soviet writer The prize was awarded instead to Mikhail Sholokhov who was more loyal to the Soviet regime. Michail Aleksandrovich Sholokhov ( Russian: Михаи́л Алекса́ндрович Шо́лохов mʲɪxɐˈil əlʲɪˈksandrəvʲɪtɕ ˈʂoləxəf ( – Post-Communist Russia saw most of these works published and become a part of mainstream culture. However, even before the decay of the Soviet Union, tolerance to non-mainstream art had slowly started to grow, especially during the Khrushchev Thaw. Khrushchev's Thaw or the Khrushchev Thaw refers to the period from the mid 1950s to the early 1960s when repression and Censorship in the Soviet Union Some works of Bulgakov, Solzhenitsyn and Varlam Shalamov were published in the 1960s. Varlam Tikhonovich Shalamov (Варлам Тихонович Шаламов July 1, 1907 &ndash January 17, 1982) was a Russian Writer Social criticism, as in the science fiction of the Strugatsky brothers and the literature of the Mitkis became popular. The two brothers Arkady (Арка́дий; August 28, 1925 &ndash October 12, 1991) and Boris (Бори́с; born The Mit`ki (Митьки́ are an Art group in St Petersburg, Russia. As another post-Stalin development, bard poetry developed. For other meanings of the word see Bard (disambiguation. The term bard (бард

In the 1970s and 80s autors like Nobel prize winner Joseph Brodsky and short story writer Sergei Dovlatov emigrated to the West and remained known in the Soviet Union with the help of samizdat. Joseph Brodsky ( May 24, 1940 — January 28, 1996) born Iosif Aleksandrovich Brodsky (Иосиф Александрович Бродский Sergei Donatovich Dovlatov (Mechik (Сергей Донатович Довлатов (Мечик September 3, 1941 - August 24, 1990) Samizdat (самиздат was the clandestine copying and distribution of government-suppressed literature or other media in Soviet-bloc

Post-Soviet era

The end of the 20th century and the early 21st century has proven a difficult period for Russian literature, with relatively few authors, such as Victor Pelevin or Vladimir Sorokin, producing distinctive fiction. Victor Olegovich Pelevin ( Russian: Виктор Олегович Пелевин b Vladimir Georgievich Sorokin (Владимир Георгиевич Сорокин (born August 7, 1955 in Bykovo Moscow Oblast

In the early 21st century the reading public in Russia has shown considerable interest in new quality literature. Many new authors have emerged, along with new publishing companies, new brands and new literature series. Traditional Russian prose remains popular, and distinctive work has come out of the Russian provinces: for example Nina Gorlanova from Perm has written stories about the everyday problems and joys of the provincial intelligentsia. Nina Viktorovna Gorlanova (born 23 November 1947) is a modern short-story writer and Novelist who has been living in a provincial Russian city

Widely popular in teen and early-twenty's audience gained a humoristic fantasy, sci-fi or mixed literature, mostly known for Andrey Belyanin's books. Andrei Belyanin is a modern Russian Science fiction and Fantasy writer who wrote at least 15 novels with many of then selling over 2 million copies However the overall plot and humor are widely criticized by some, mostly calling it plain dumb.

Detective stories and thrillers have proven a very successful genre of new Russian literature: note the interesting phenomenon of the huge interest in ironic detective stories by Darya Dontsova. She has written about 50 novels, and her books have appeared published in millions of copies and even translated in Europe.

Generations of Winter (Russian: Moskovskaya saga), a novel by the Russian writer Vasily Aksyonov, has appeared in the USA. Generations of Winter (in Russian, Московская сага - Moskovskaya Saga) is a Novel by Russian writer Russian ( transliteration:,) is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages Vasily Pavlovich Aksyonov (Василий Павлович Аксёнов (b Some critics have praised this novel as a new Doctor Zhivago large-scale Russian novel, which tells the story of the Russian Gradov family struggling to survive in the Stalin era. Doctor Zhivago ( Russian: Доктор Живаго, Doktor Zhivago) is a 20th century Novel by Boris Pasternak.

Several Russian writers have become rather popular in the West, such as Tatyana Tolstaya and (especially) Lyudmila Ulitskaya. Tatyana Tolstaya (also spelled Tatiana Tolstaya in Russian: Татья́на Ники́тична Толста́я born 3 May 1951 in Leningrad) is a Russian Ludmila Ulitskaya is a critically acclaimed modern Russian Novelist and short-story Writer. Detective-story writer Boris Akunin, with his series about the 19th century sleuth Erast Fandorin, publishes in Europe and in the USA. Boris Akunin (Борис Акунин is the Pen name of Grigory Shalvovich Chkhartishvili (Григорий Шалвович Чхартишвили გრიგოლ } Erast Petrovich Fandorin (Эраст Петрович Фандорин is a fictional 19th-century Russian Detective and the hero of a series of Russian historical detective Alexandra Marinina, the most popular female detective-story writer in Russia, has succeeded in publishing her books around Europe, especially in Germany. Alexandra Marinina (born July 16, 1957, real name Marina Anatolyevna Alekseyeva) is a best-selling Russian writer of detective stories Important Russian language writers in Ukraine are Aleksandr Abramovic Bejderman, Andrey Kurkov, Marina and Sergey Dyachenko. Ukraine (Україна Ukrayina, /ukrɑˈjinɑ/ is a country in Eastern Europe. Andrey Kurkov (born in 1961 in Leningrad, Russia) is a Ukrainian Novelist who writes in Russian Marina and Sergey Dyachenko — Marina Y Dyachenko (Shyrshova and Sergey S

Themes in Russian books

Suffering, often as a means of redemption, is a recurrent theme in Russian literature. Dostoevsky in particular is noted for exploring suffering in works such as Notes from the Underground and Crime and Punishment. Notes from Underground (Записки из подполья Zapíski iz podpól'ja, also translated in English as Notes from the Underground Crime and Punishment (Преступление и наказание is a Novel by Russian author Fyodor Dostoevsky that Christianity and Christian symbolism are also important themes, notably in the works of Dostoevsky, Tolstoy and Chekhov. Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky (Фёдор Миха́йлович Достое́вский, sometimes transliterated Dostoyevsky, Dostoievsky, Leo Tolstoy, or Count Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy ( –) (Лев Никола́евич Толсто́й, was a Russian Writer widely regarded Anton Pavlovich Chekhov ( –) (Анто́н Па́влович Че́хов) was a Russian short-story writer and Playwright, considered to be one In the 20th century, suffering as a mechanism of evil was explored by authors such as Solzhenitsyn in The Gulag Archipelago. The Gulag Archipelago ( Архипелаг ГУЛАГ) is a book by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn based on the Soviet forced labor and concentration camp system

Viktor Shklovsky, in his book, Zoo, or Letters Not About Love, wrote, "Russian literature has a bad tradition. Russian literature is devoted to the description of unsuccessful love affairs. "

The 2003 Frankfurt Book Fair selected Russia as its special guest of the year. Frankfurt Book Fair (Frankfurter Buchmesse is the world's largest Trade fair for Books, based on the number of publishing companies represented

See also

External links

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