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The Right Honourable
 Roy Jenkins
 Baron Jenkins of Hillhead, CH, CBE, PC
In office
2 July 1982 – 13 June 1983
Preceded by New Creation (Prior to Jenkins' election as sole leader, the SDP was nominally lead jointly by the 'Gang of Four')
Succeeded by David Owen
In office
18 August 1977 – 12 January 1981
Preceded by François-Xavier Ortoli
Succeeded by Gaston Thorn
In office
5 March 1974 – 10 September 1976
Preceded by Robert Carr
Succeeded by Merlyn Rees
In office
23 December 1965 – 30 September 1967
Preceded by Frank Soskice
Succeeded by James Callaghan
In office
12 May 1973 – 5 March 1974
Preceded by Shirley Williams
Succeeded by James Prior
In office
19 June 1970 – 7 April 1972
Preceded by George Brown
Succeeded by Edward Short
In office
30 November 1967 – 19 June 1970
Prime Minister Harold Wilson
Preceded by James Callaghan
Succeeded by Iain Macleod
Born 11 November 1920
Abersychan, Monmouthshire, Wales, UK
Died 5 January 2003 (aged 82)
Oxfordshire, UK
Political party (1) Labour Party (1945 - 1981)
(2) Social Democratic Party (1981 - 1988)
(3) Liberal Democrats (1988 - 2003)

Roy Harris Jenkins, Baron Jenkins of Hillhead OM PC (11 November 1920 – 5 January 2003) was a British politician. The Right Honourable (abbreviated as The Rt Hon) is an Honorific prefix that is traditionally applied to certain Roy Harris Jenkins Baron Jenkins of Hillhead OM PC ( 11 November 1920 &ndash 5 January 2003) was a British The Order of the Companions of Honour is a British and Commonwealth Order. The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is a British Order of chivalry established on 4 June 1917 by King George V. Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council is a body of advisors to the British Sovereign. This is about the UK Social Democratic Party which existed between 1981 and 1988 Events 310 - Pope Miltiades is elected 626 - In fear of assassination Li Shimin ambushes and kills his rival Year 1982 ( MCMLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar) Events 1525 - Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the Celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for Year 1983 ( MCMLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1983 Gregorian calendar) David Anthony Llewellyn Owen Baron Owen of Plymouth, CH PC FKC (born 2 July 1938) is a British Politician, The President of the European Commission is the head of the European Commission, the executive branch of the European Union. Events 293 BC - The oldest known Roman temple to Venus is founded starting the institution of Vinalia Rustica. Also 1977 (album by Ash. Year 1977 ( MCMLXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays Events 475 - Basiliscus becomes Byzantine Emperor, with a coronation ceremony in the Hebdomon palace in Constantinople Year 1981 ( MCMLXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays the 1981 François-Xavier Ortoli ( February 16, 1925 &ndash November 30, 2007) was a French Gaullist politician and businessman Gaston Egmond Thorn ( September 3 1928 &ndash August 26 2007) was a Luxembourg politician who served in a number of high-profile positions The Secretary of State for the Home Department, commonly known as the Home Secretary, is the minister in charge of the United Kingdom Home Office Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian moves from Antioch with an army of 90000 to attack the Sassanid Empire, in a Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. Events 506 - The Bishops of Visigothic Gaul meet in the Council of Agde. Year 1976 ( MCMLXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Leonard Robert Carr Baron Carr of Hadley PC (born 11 November 1916) is a British Conservative politician Merlyn Rees, later Merlyn Merlyn-Rees Baron Merlyn-Rees, PC ( 18 December 1920 &ndash 5 January 2006) was a Events 962 - Byzantine-Arab Wars: Under the future Emperor Nicephorus Phocas, Byzantine troops stormed the city Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. Events 1399 - Henry IV is proclaimed King of England. 1744 - France and Spain defeat the Year 1967 ( MCMLXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. Frank Soskice Baron Stow Hill ( 23 July 1902 &ndash 1 January 1979) was a British lawyer and Labour Party politician Leonard James Callaghan Baron Callaghan of Cardiff, KG, PC (27 March 1912 – 26 March 2005 was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1976 to 1979 In British politics, the Shadow Home Secretary is the person within the shadow cabinet who 'shadows' the Home Secretary; this effectively means scrutinising Events 1191 - Richard I of England marries Berengaria of Navarre. Year 1973 ( MCMLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the 1973 Gregorian calendar. Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian moves from Antioch with an army of 90000 to attack the Sassanid Empire, in a Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. Shirley Williams Baroness Williams of Crosby PC (born 27 July 1930) is a British Politician and academic James Michael Leathes Prior Baron Prior, PC, known as Jim Prior, (born 11 October 1927) is a British Politician, The Deputy Leader of the Labour Party is the second most senior politician in the British Labour Party, which has been in government in the United Kingdom since Events 1179 - The Norwegian Battle of Kalvskinnet outside Nidaros. Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 529 - First draft of Corpus Juris Civilis (a fundamental work in Jurisprudence) is issued by Eastern Roman Emperor Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. George Alfred George-Brown Baron George-Brown, PC (2 September 1914 &ndash 2 June 1985 was a British Politician who served as Deputy Leader of the Edward Watson Short Baron Glenamara, CH, PC (born 17 December 1912) is a former Labour Member of Parliament The Chancellor of the Exchequer is the title held by the British Cabinet minister who is responsible for all Economic and Financial Events 1700 - Battle of Narva — A Swedish army of 8500 men under Charles XII defeats Year 1967 ( MCMLXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. Events 1179 - The Norwegian Battle of Kalvskinnet outside Nidaros. Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. James Harold Wilson Baron Wilson of Rievaulx, KG, OBE, FRS, PC (11 March 1916 &ndash 24 May 1995 was one of the most prominent British politicians Leonard James Callaghan Baron Callaghan of Cardiff, KG, PC (27 March 1912 – 26 March 2005 was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1976 to 1979 Iain Norman Macleod ( 11 November 1913 &ndash 20 July 1970) was a British Conservative Party Politician and Events 308 - The Congress of Carnuntum: Attempting to keep peace within the Roman Empire, the leaders of the Tetrarchy declare Year 1920 ( MCMXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display 1920 of the Gregorian calendar Abersychan is a settlement north of Pontypool in Torfaen, Wales, within the historic boundaries of Monmouthshire. Ancient county See also Monmouthshire (historic The ancient county of Monmouthshire was formed from the Welsh Marches by the Laws in Wales The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Events 1477 - Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is killed and Burgundy becomes part of France. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. History See also History of Oxfordshire The county of Oxfordshire was formed in the early years of the 10th century and is broadly situated in the The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The Labour Party is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Founded at the start of the 20th century it has been since the 1920s the principal party of the This is about the UK Social Democratic Party which existed between 1981 and 1988 The Liberal Democrats, often shortened to Lib Dems, are a liberal Political party in the United Kingdom, formed in 1988 by merging the The Order of Merit is a British and Commonwealth Order bestowed by the Monarch. Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council is a body of advisors to the British Sovereign. Events 308 - The Congress of Carnuntum: Attempting to keep peace within the Roman Empire, the leaders of the Tetrarchy declare Year 1920 ( MCMXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display 1920 of the Gregorian calendar Events 1477 - Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is killed and Burgundy becomes part of France. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located A politician (from Greek " Polis " is an individual who is involved in influencing public decision making through the influence of Politics or a person Once prominent as a Labour Member of Parliament (MP) and government minister in the 1960s and 1970s, he became the first (and so far only) British President of the European Commission (1977-81) and one of the four principal founders of the Social Democratic Party (SDP) in 1981. The Labour Party is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Founded at the start of the 20th century it has been since the 1920s the principal party of the A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a Parliament. The President of the European Commission is the head of the European Commission, the executive branch of the European Union. This is about the UK Social Democratic Party which existed between 1981 and 1988 He was also a distinguished writer, especially of biographies.

Contents

Life and career

Early life

Born in Abersychan, Monmouthshire in south-eastern Wales, as an only child, Roy Jenkins was the son of a National Union of Mineworkers official, Arthur Jenkins, who was wrongly imprisoned during the 1926 General Strike for his supposed involvement in a riot, and later an MP who was Parliamentary Private Secretary to Clement Attlee and briefly a minister in the 1945 Labour government. Abersychan is a settlement north of Pontypool in Torfaen, Wales, within the historic boundaries of Monmouthshire. Ancient county See also Monmouthshire (historic The ancient county of Monmouthshire was formed from the Welsh Marches by the Laws in Wales See also the National Union of Mineworkers (South Africa. Template talkInfobox Union Arthur Jenkins (1884 &ndash 25 April 1946) was a Welsh Trade unionist and Labour Party politician The UK General Strike of 1926 was a General strike that lasted nine days from 3 May 1926 to 12 May 1926. A Parliamentary Private Secretary ( PPS) is a role given to a United Kingdom Member of Parliament (MP by a senior minister in government or shadow Clement Richard Attlee 1st Earl Attlee, KG, OM, CH, PC ( 3 January 1883 &ndash 8 October 1967 His mother, Hattie Harris, was the daughter of a local steelworks manager. Jenkins was educated at Abersychan County School, University College, Cardiff, and at Balliol College, Oxford, where he was twice defeated for the Presidency of the Oxford Union but took First Class Honours in Politics, Philosophy and Economics (PPE). Abersychan Comprehensive School (Welsh Ysgol Gyfun Abersychan) is a state-funded and non-selective Comprehensive school in the Pontypool Suburb Cardiff University (Prifysgol Caerdydd is a leading University located in the Cathays Park area of Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom Balliol College (ˈbeɪlɪəl founded in 1263 is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in England. The British undergraduate degree classification system is a grading scheme for Undergraduate degrees ( Bachelor's degrees and some Master's degrees Philosophy Politics and Economics or Politics Philosophy and Economics (often abbreviated to PPE) is a popular Interdisciplinary degree which His university colleagues included Tony Crosland, Denis Healey, and Edward Heath and he became friends with all three, although he was never particularly close to Healey. Charles Anthony Raven Crosland (29 August 1918 - 19 February 1977 was a member of the Labour Party and an important socialist theorist Denis Winston Healey Baron Healey, CH, MBE, PC (born 30 August 1917 is a British Life peer and Labour politician Sir Edward Richard George Heath, KG, MBE (9 July 1916 &ndash 17 July 2005 often known as Ted Heath, was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom During World War II he served with the Royal Artillery and then at Bletchley Park, reaching the rank of captain. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The Royal Artillery, is the common name for the Royal Regiment of Artillery, is an Arm of the British Army. Bletchley Park, also known as Station X, is an estate located in the town of Bletchley, in Buckinghamshire, and (since 1967 part of Milton Keynes He married Jennifer Morris (later Dame Jennifer Jenkins) on 20 January 1945 towards the end of World War II. Events 250 - Emperor Decius begins a widespread persecution of Christians in Rome. Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including

Member of Parliament

Having failed to win Solihull in 1945, he was elected to the House of Commons in a 1948 by-election as the Member of Parliament for Southwark Central, becoming the "Baby of the House". Solihull is a Borough constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Results |} Total votes cast 24073025 All parties shown Conservative total includes Ulster Unionists Reason for Labour victory The House of Commons' is the Lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which also comprises the Sovereign and the House of Lords A by-election or bye-election (called special election in the United States) is an Election held to fill a political office that has become vacant A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a Parliament. Southwark Central was a parliamentary constituency in the Metropolitan Borough of Southwark, in South London. Baby of the House is the unofficial title given to the youngest member of a Lower house or Upper house. His constituency was abolished in boundary changes for the 1950 general election, when he stood instead in the new Birmingham Stechford constituency. Results |} Total votes cast 28771124 All parties shown Conservative total includes Ulster Unionists Votes summary Seats summary Birmingham Stechford was a parliamentary constituency centred on the Stechford district of the city of Birmingham. He won the seat and represented the constituency until 1977.

Jenkins was principal sponsor, in 1959, of the bill which became the liberalising Obscene Publications Act, responsible for establishing the "liable to deprave and corrupt" criterion as a basis for a prosecution of suspect material and for specifying literary merit as a possible defence. Since 1857, a series of Obscenity Laws known as the Obscene Publications Acts have governed what can be published in England and Wales Like Healey and Crosland, he had been a close friend of Hugh Gaitskell and for them Gaitskell's death and the elevation of Harold Wilson as Labour Party leader was a setback. Hugh Todd Naylor Gaitskell ( 9 April 1906 &ndash 18 January 1963) was a British politician leader of the Labour Party from 1955 James Harold Wilson Baron Wilson of Rievaulx, KG, OBE, FRS, PC (11 March 1916 &ndash 24 May 1995 was one of the most prominent British politicians

In government

At first Minister of Aviation in the Wilson government elected in the 1964 general election, he was Home Secretary from 22 December 1965 to November 1967. Ministry of Aviation was a department of the United Kingdom government established in 1959. Campaign The pre-election campaign was prolonged as Douglas-Home delayed calling a general election in order to try to give himself the maximum time to improve the The Secretary of State for the Home Department, commonly known as the Home Secretary, is the minister in charge of the United Kingdom Home Office Events 1790 - The Turkish fortress of Izmail is stormed and captured by Suvorov and his Russian armies Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. In this position he is often seen as responsible for the most wide-ranging reforms that the 1960s Labour governments would enact. Jenkins was responsible for the relaxation of the laws relating to divorce, abolition of theatre censorship and gave government support to David Steel's Private Member's Bill for the legalisation of abortion and Leo Abse's bill for the decriminalisation of homosexuality. Divorce or dissolution of marriage is the termination of a Marriage. Censorship is the suppression of speech or deletion of communicative material which may be considered objectionable harmful or sensitive as determined by a censor David Martin Scott Steel Baron Steel of Aikwood, KT, KBE, PC (born 31 March 1938) is a British and Scottish A Private Member's Bill is a proposed Law introduced by a backbench member of Parliament, whether from the government or the opposition side to that An Leopold Abse ( 22 April 1917 &ndash 19 August 2008) was a Welsh lawyer politician and gay rights campaigner Homosexuality refers to sexual behavior with or attraction to people of the same sex or to a Homosexual orientation. Wilson, with his puritan background, was not especially sympathetic to these developments, however. A Puritan of 16th and 17th century England was an associate of any number of religious groups advocating for more "purity" of Worship and Doctrine, Jenkins replied to public criticism by asserting that the so called permissive society was in reality the civilised society. The permissive society is a label given to a society where social norms are becoming increasingly liberal.

Chancellor of the Exchequer

From 1967 to 1970 he was Chancellor of the Exchequer, replacing James Callaghan following the devaluation of the pound in November 1967. The Chancellor of the Exchequer is the title held by the British Cabinet minister who is responsible for all Economic and Financial Leonard James Callaghan Baron Callaghan of Cardiff, KG, PC (27 March 1912 – 26 March 2005 was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1976 to 1979 Devaluation is a reduction in the value of a Currency with respect to other monetary units He quickly gained a reputation as a particularly tough Chancellor, although he was hesitant about increasing taxes and reducing expenditure. It is though, generally assumed that Labour's defeat in the 1970 general election was partly the consequence of one month's bad trade figures announced a few days before the election and his delivery of a fiscally neutral Budget shortly before the election. Opinion poll summary ORC (Opinion Research Council Conservative lead of 1%Harris (Express Newspapers Labour lead of 2%NOP

Deputy Leader of the Labour Party

Jenkins was elected to the deputy leadership of the Labour Party in July 1970, but resigned in 1972 over the party's policy on favouring a referendum on British membership of the European Economic Community (EEC); his position had been undermined the previous year by his decision to lead sixty-nine Labour MPs through the division lobby in support of the Heath's government's motion to take Britain in to the EEC. The European Community (EC is one of the Three pillars of the European Union (EU created under the Maastricht Treaty (1992 Division of the house is a parliamentary mechanism which calls for a rising vote wherein the members of the house literally divide into groups indicating a vote in favour of or in opposition This led to some former admirers, including Roy Hattersley, choosing to distance themselves from Jenkins. Roy Sydney George Hattersley Baron Hattersley, PC, (born 28 December 1932 is a British Labour Party Politician, published author and journalist His lavish lifestyle — Wilson once described him as "more a socialite than a socialist" — had already alienated much of the Labour Party from him.

When Labour returned to power he was made Home Secretary again, serving from 1974 to 1976. In this period he undermined his previous liberal credentials to some extent by pushing through the controversial Prevention of Terrorism Act, which, among other things, extended the length of time suspects could be held in custody and instituted exclusion orders. The Prevention of Terrorism Acts were a series of Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1974 to 1989 that conferred emergency powers upon police forces

President of the European Commission

Jenkins was a candidate for the leadership of the Labour Party in March 1976, but came third out of the six candidates, behind Callaghan and Michael Foot. The Labour Party leadership election of 1976 occurred when former leader Harold Wilson resigned as Party Leader and Prime Minister. Michael Mackintosh Foot (born 23 July 1913 is a British politician and writer Jenkins had wanted to become Foreign Secretary (Rosen (2001) 318), but accepted an appointment as President of the European Commission instead, succeeding François-Xavier Ortoli. The President of the European Commission is the head of the European Commission, the executive branch of the European Union. François-Xavier Ortoli ( February 16, 1925 &ndash November 30, 2007) was a French Gaullist politician and businessman Unofficially he was known as King John XV, from the French pronunciation of his name, Roi Jean Quinze. The main development overseen by the Jenkins Commisson was the development of the Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union from 1977, which began in 1979 as the European Monetary System, a forerunner of the Single Currency or Euro. The Jenkins Commission is the European Commission that held office from 6 January 1977 to 6 January 1981 In economics a Monetary union is a situation where several countries have agreed to share a single currency amongst themselves There are three stages of Monetary cooperation in the European Union. Please update other articles as well to avoid contradiction within Wikipedia e [1] Jenkins remained in Brussels until 1981, contemplating the political changes in the UK from there. Brussels (Bruxelles pronounced; Brussel pronounced) officially the Brussels Capital-Region, is

The Social Democratic Party

On November 22, 1979 Jenkins delivered the annual Dimbleby Lecture which he called "Home Thoughts from Abroad", detailing what he saw as the reasons for Britain's persistent underperformance as a failure of adaptability and problems associated with the two party system. Events 498 - Kofi Aseidu- After the death of Anastasius II, Symmachus is elected Pope in the Lateran Year 1979 ( MCMLXXIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1979 Gregorian calendar) The Richard Dimbleby Lecture (also known as the Dimblebly Lecture) was founded in the memory of Richard Dimbleby, the BBC broadcaster. More importantly he advocated a new "radical centre" and called for a new political grouping. As one of the so-called "Gang of Four", he was a founder of the Social Democratic Party (SDP) in January 1981 with David Owen, Bill Rodgers and Shirley Williams. This is about the UK Social Democratic Party which existed between 1981 and 1988 David Anthony Llewellyn Owen Baron Owen of Plymouth, CH PC FKC (born 2 July 1938) is a British Politician, Shirley Williams Baroness Williams of Crosby PC (born 27 July 1930) is a British Politician and academic

He attempted to re-enter Parliament at the Warrington by-election in 1981 but Labour retained the seat with a small majority. The Warrington by-election 1981 was held on 16 July 1981. The By-election was caused by the appointment of Thomas Williams, Labour He was more successful in 1982, being elected in the Glasgow Hillhead by-election as the MP for a previously Conservative-held seat. Glasgow Hillhead was a parliamentary constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1918 until 1997

During the 1983 election campaign his position as the prime minister designate for the SDP-Liberal Alliance was questioned by his close colleagues, as his campaign style was now regarded as ineffective; the Liberal leader David Steel was considered to have a greater rapport with the electorate. The Liberal Party was one of the two major British political parties from the early 19th century until the rise of the Labour Party in the 1920s and a third party David Martin Scott Steel Baron Steel of Aikwood, KT, KBE, PC (born 31 March 1938) is a British and Scottish

He led the new party from March 1982 until after the 1983 general election, when Owen succeeded him unopposed. Results The Conservatives won with a majority of 144 seats|} Total votes cast 30661309 Jenkins was disappointed with Owen's move to the right, and his acceptance and backing of some of Thatcher's policies. At heart, Jenkins remained a Keynesian. In Economics Keynesian economics (ˈkeɪnziən also Keynesianism and Keynesian Theory) is based on the ideas of twentieth-century British economist

He continued to serve as SDP Member of Parliament for Glasgow Hillhead until his defeat at the 1987 general election by the Labour candidate George Galloway. Glasgow Hillhead was a parliamentary constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1918 until 1997 Results |} All parties gaining over 500 votes listed Campaign and policies The Conservatives' campaign emphasized lower taxes a strong economy and defence George Galloway (born 16 August 1954 in Dundee) is a Scottish Politician, author and talkshow host noted for his Left-wing views confrontational style

Peerage and death

From 1987, Jenkins remained in politics as a member of the House of Lords as a life peer with the title Baron Jenkins of Hillhead, of Pontypool in the County of Gwent. The House of Lords is the second house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom and is also commonly referred to as "the Lords" In the United Kingdom, life peers are created members of the Peerage whose titles may not be inherited (those whose titles are inheritable are known as Hereditary Pontypool (Pont-y-pŵl is a Town of approximately 36000 people in the county borough of Torfaen, within the historic boundaries of Monmouthshire Gwent may refer to Kingdom of Gwent County of Gwent Also in 1987, Jenkins was elected Chancellor of the University of Oxford. The 1987 University of Oxford election for the position of Chancellor was called upon the death of the incumbent Chancellor, Harold Macmillan 1st Earl of Stockton In 1993, he was appointed to the Order of Merit. The Order of Merit is a British and Commonwealth Order bestowed by the Monarch. He was leader of the Liberal Democrats in the Lords until 1997. The Liberal Democrats, often shortened to Lib Dems, are a liberal Political party in the United Kingdom, formed in 1988 by merging the In December 1997, he was appointed chair of a Government-appointed Independent Commission on the Voting System, which became known as the "Jenkins Commission", to consider alternative voting systems for the UK. The Independent Commission on the Voting System, popularly known as the Jenkins Commission after its chairman Roy Jenkins, was a commission into possible reform of A voting system allows voters to choose between options often in an Election where candidates are selected for public office. The Jenkins Commission reported in favour of a new uniquely British mixed-member proportional system called "Alternative vote top-up" or "limited AMS" in October 1998. The Alternative Vote Top-up, or Alternative Vote Plus (AV+, is a Voting system intended for use in elections to an assembly or legislature No action had been taken on this recommendation at the time of Jenkins' death from a heart attack at 9 a. Myocardial infarction ( MI or AMI for acute myocardial infarction) also known as a heart attack, occurs when the blood supply m. on 5 January 2003. He earlier underwent heart surgery in November 2000, and postponed his 80th birthday celebrations, by having a celebratory party on 7 March 2001. Cardiac surgery is Surgery on the Heart and/or Great vessels performed by a Cardiac surgeon. Events 161 - Roman Emperor Antoninus Pius dies and is succeeded by co-Emperors Marcus Aurelius and Lucius Verus Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar.

Jenkins wrote 19 books, including a biography of Gladstone (1995), which won the 1995 Whitbread Award for Biography, and a much-acclaimed biography of Winston Churchill (2001). Book of the Year Kate Atkinson, Behind the Scenes at the Museum Children's Book Winner Michael Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill, KG, OM, CH, TD, FRS, PC, PC (Can ( 30 November 1874 His official biographer, Andrew Adonis, was to have finished the Churchill biography had Jenkins not survived the heart surgery he underwent towards the end of its writing. Andrew Adonis Baron Adonis (born 22 February 1963) is a United Kingdom Minister of State in the Department for Transport, a role At the time of his death he was apparently starting work on a biography of U. S. President John F. Kennedy. John Fitzgerald "Jack" Kennedy (May 29 1917&ndashNovember 22 1963 often referred to by his initials JFK, was the thirty-fifth President of

Roy Jenkins is fondly remembered by Private Eye as having a passion for claret and a distinct inability to pronounce his 'r's. Claret is a name used in English, primarily in Britain, for red Wine from the Bordeaux region of France. This was clearly shown in their obituary cartoon with the caption: Roy Jenkins, 1920-2003. WIP. Referring to the same, one of the entries in Douglas Adams' The Meaning of Liff reads "WATH (n. Douglas Noël Adams (11 March 1952 &ndash 11 May 2001 was an English author comic Radio dramatist The Meaning of Liff (UK Edition ISBN 0-330-28121-6 US Edition ISBN 0-517-55347-3 is a humorous Dictionary of Toponomy and Etymology, ) : The rage of Roy Jenkins".

For some conservatives, such as Peter Hitchens in The Abolition of Britain, he was a "cultural revolutionary" and takes a large part of the responsibility for the decline of "traditional values" in Britain. Peter Jonathan Hitchens (born 28 October 1951 in Sliema, Malta) is a British Journalist and Author, noted The Abolition of Britain (subtitled "From Lady Chatterley to Tony Blair" in its British editions and "From Winston Churchill

References

Selected bibliography

Books by Roy Jenkins:

Books about Roy Jenkins:

Offices held

Parliament of the United Kingdom
Preceded by
John Hanbury Martin		 Member of Parliament for Southwark Central
1948–1950		 Succeeded by
(constituency abolished)
Preceded by
(new constituency)		 Member of Parliament for Birmingham Stechford
1950–1977		 Succeeded by
Andrew MacKay
Preceded by
Tam Galbraith		 Member of Parliament for Glasgow Hillhead
1982–1987		 Succeeded by
George Galloway
Political offices
Preceded by
Sir Frank Soskice		 Home Secretary
1965–1967		 Succeeded by
James Callaghan
Preceded by
James Callaghan		 Chancellor of the Exchequer
1967–1970		 Succeeded by
Iain Macleod
Preceded by
George Brown		 Deputy Leader of the Labour Party
1970–1972		 Succeeded by
Edward Short
Preceded by
Robert Carr		 Home Secretary
1974–1976		 Succeeded by
Merlyn Rees
Preceded by
François-Xavier Ortoli		 President of the European Commission
1977–1981		 Succeeded by
Gaston Thorn
Preceded by
New Position		 Leader of the Social Democratic Party
1982–1983		 Succeeded by
David Owen
Preceded by
New Position		 Liberal Democrat Leader in the House of Lords
1988–1997		 Succeeded by
Lord Rodgers of Quarry Bank
Preceded by
Hon. The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative body in the United Kingdom and British overseas territories A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a Parliament. Southwark Central was a parliamentary constituency in the Metropolitan Borough of Southwark, in South London. Results |} Total votes cast 28771124 All parties shown Conservative total includes Ulster Unionists Votes summary Seats summary A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a Parliament. Birmingham Stechford was a parliamentary constituency centred on the Stechford district of the city of Birmingham. Results |} Total votes cast 28771124 All parties shown Conservative total includes Ulster Unionists Votes summary Seats summary The Birmingham Stechford By-election, in Birmingham, on March 31, 1977 was held after Labour Member of Parliament Andrew James MacKay (born 27 August 1949 Birmingham) is a British Conservative Party politician and currently the Member of Parliament (MP Sir Thomas Galloway Dunlop Galbraith, KBE, MA, LLB (usually known as Tam Galbraith) ( 10 March 1917 &ndash 2 January A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a Parliament. Glasgow Hillhead was a parliamentary constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1918 until 1997 Results |} All parties gaining over 500 votes listed Campaign and policies The Conservatives' campaign emphasized lower taxes a strong economy and defence George Galloway (born 16 August 1954 in Dundee) is a Scottish Politician, author and talkshow host noted for his Left-wing views confrontational style Frank Soskice Baron Stow Hill ( 23 July 1902 &ndash 1 January 1979) was a British lawyer and Labour Party politician The Secretary of State for the Home Department, commonly known as the Home Secretary, is the minister in charge of the United Kingdom Home Office Leonard James Callaghan Baron Callaghan of Cardiff, KG, PC (27 March 1912 – 26 March 2005 was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1976 to 1979 Leonard James Callaghan Baron Callaghan of Cardiff, KG, PC (27 March 1912 – 26 March 2005 was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1976 to 1979 The Chancellor of the Exchequer is the title held by the British Cabinet minister who is responsible for all Economic and Financial Iain Norman Macleod ( 11 November 1913 &ndash 20 July 1970) was a British Conservative Party Politician and George Alfred George-Brown Baron George-Brown, PC (2 September 1914 &ndash 2 June 1985 was a British Politician who served as Deputy Leader of the The Deputy Leader of the Labour Party is the second most senior politician in the British Labour Party, which has been in government in the United Kingdom since Edward Watson Short Baron Glenamara, CH, PC (born 17 December 1912) is a former Labour Member of Parliament Leonard Robert Carr Baron Carr of Hadley PC (born 11 November 1916) is a British Conservative politician The Secretary of State for the Home Department, commonly known as the Home Secretary, is the minister in charge of the United Kingdom Home Office Merlyn Rees, later Merlyn Merlyn-Rees Baron Merlyn-Rees, PC ( 18 December 1920 &ndash 5 January 2006) was a François-Xavier Ortoli ( February 16, 1925 &ndash November 30, 2007) was a French Gaullist politician and businessman The President of the European Commission is the head of the European Commission, the executive branch of the European Union. Gaston Egmond Thorn ( September 3 1928 &ndash August 26 2007) was a Luxembourg politician who served in a number of high-profile positions This is about the UK Social Democratic Party which existed between 1981 and 1988 David Anthony Llewellyn Owen Baron Owen of Plymouth, CH PC FKC (born 2 July 1938) is a British Politician, The Liberal Democrat peers elect the Liberal Democrat Leader in the House of Lords. Edward Carson (junior)		 Baby of the House
1948–1950		 Succeeded by
Peter Baker
Academic offices
Preceded by
Earl of Stockton		 Chancellor of the University of Oxford
1987–2003		 Succeeded by
Chris Patten
Baby of the House is the unofficial title given to the youngest member of a Lower house or Upper house. Peter Arthur David Baker MC ( 20 April 1921 &ndash 14 November 1966) was a British Conservative politician and (Maurice Harold Macmillan 1st Earl of Stockton, OM, PC (10 February 1894 &ndash 29 December 1986 was a British Conservative Politician Chancellors of the University of Oxford include 1224 Robert Grosseteste (Master of the School of Oxford since 1208 1231 Ralph Christopher Francis Patten Baron Patten of Barnes, CH, PC (born 12 May 1944 in Cleveleys, Lancashire) is a prominent British Conservative
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