Rosh yeshiva, (pl. Plural is a Grammatical number, typically referring to more than one of the Referent in the real world Heb. Roshei yeshiva; Yeshivish Rosh yeshivas), (Hebrew: ראש ישיבה), is the title given to the dean of a Talmudical academy (yeshiva). Yeshivish is a form of English spoken mainly by English-speaking Ashkenazi Orthodox Jews who attend or In Academic administration, a dean is a person with significant authority over a specific academic unit or over a specific area of concern or both Yeshiva or yeshivah (jəʃi'və ( Hebrew: ישיבה "sitting (n It is made up of the Hebrew words rosh — meaning head, and yeshiva — a school of religious Jewish education. The rosh yeshiva is required to have a vast and penetrating knowledge of the Talmud and the ability to achieve a level of mastery of his material and an ability to analyse and present new perspectives, called chidushim, (novellae) verbally and often in print. The Talmud ( Hebrew: he תַּלְמוּד is a record of Rabbinic discussions pertaining to Jewish law, ethics, customs and history
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Role
Yeshivas play a central role in the life of certain communities within Orthodox Judaism, so the position of rosh yeshiva is more than just a dean of a school. Orthodox Judaism is the formulation of Judaism that adheres to a relatively strict interpretation and application of the laws and ethics first canonized A rosh yeshiva is often a pillar of leadership in extended communities. In Hasidic Judaism the role of rosh yeshiva is secondary to the Rebbe, who is head of the Hasidic dynasty that controls it. Hasidic Judaism (also Chasidic, etc from the Hebrew: he '''''חסידות''''', Chassidus, meaning "piety" from the Hebrew Rebbe (רבי (pronounced in English which means master teacher or mentor is a Yiddish word derived from the identical Hebrew word Rabbi In many Hassidic sects, the rosh yeshiva of a school will be the son or son-in-law of the Rebbe, the assumed heir of the Rebbe.
History
Yeshivas continue the scholarly traditions of the Biblical Sanhedrin and the Seventy Elders wherein were discussed and elaborated the 613 Mitzvot. The Sanhedrin (סנהדרין συνέδριον ''synedrion'', "sitting together" hence " assembly " or "council" was an assembly See also Mitzvah See also Biblical law in Christianity The 613 Mitzvot ("commandments" (also " 613 Mitzvos This tradition was continued by the sages of the Mishnah and Talmud who often headed academies with hundreds of students. The Mishnah or Mishna (he משנה "repetition" from the verb shanah he שנה or "to study and review" is a major work of Rabbinic Judaism The Talmud ( Hebrew: he תַּלְמוּד is a record of Rabbinic discussions pertaining to Jewish law, ethics, customs and history In Babylonia the rosh yeshiva was referred to as the Reish Metivta in Aramaic. Aramaic is a Semitic language with
General role
The general role of the rosh yeshiva is to oversee the Talmudic studies and practical matters. Halakha ( הלכה; alternative transliterations include Halocho and Halacha) is the collective body of Jewish Religious law The rosh yeshiva may lecture on a daily or weekly basis to the highest shiur (class). Shiur ( Hebrew: שעור pronounced " shee-ur " pl shiurim, שעורים has two meanings in contemporary Jewish practice He is also the one to decide whether to grant permission for students to undertake classes for rabbinical ordination, known as semicha. Semicha (סמיכה "leaning the hands" also semichut (סמיכות "ordination" or semicha lerabbanut (סמיכה לרבנות "rabbinical
Rosh yeshiva dynasties
Depending on the size of the yeshiva, there may be several rosh yeshivas, sometimes from one extended family. There are familial dynasties of rosh yeshivas, for example the Soloveitchik, the Finkel, the Feinstein, the Kotler,Kook, which head many yeshivas in the United States and Israel. Soloveitchik (סולובייצ'יק (also Soloveichik) is a surname Finkel is a surname and may refer to Benjamin Finkel Binyomin Beinush Finkel Caroline Finkel Feinstein, Finestein (Yiddishפֿײַנשטײַן Hebrewפינשטיין פיינשטיין Russian Файнштейн The United States of America —commonly referred to as the For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics.
Famous rosh yeshivas
Prior to the Holocaust, most of the large yeshivos were based in Eastern Europe. The Holocaust (from the Greek el ''ὁλόκαυστον'' (el-Latn holókauston holos, "completely" and kaustos, "burnt" also known as Eastern Europe is a general term that refers to the Geopolitical region encompassing the easternmost part of the European continent. Many rosh yeshivas were trained by graduates of the Volozhin yeshiva, headed by Rabbi Chaim of Volozhin, (1749 - 1821). The Volozhin Yeshiva, also known as Etz Chaim Yeshiva, was a Yeshiva in the town of Volozhin (today part of Belarus) founded in 1803 by Rabbi Rabbi Chaim Ben Yitzchok (Chaim Ickovits or Chaim Volozhin (חיים מוולוז'ין also Chaim Volozhiner or Chaim of Volozhin) ( January Year 1749 ( MDCCXLIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Year 1821 ( MDCCCXXI) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common year It is known as the "Mother of Yeshivas" because it was the first institution of its kind, for prior to its establishment people learned primarily in their respective towns with local rabbis. Another explanation that has been offered for the title "Mother of Yeshivas" is that so many of its alumni established yeshivas of their own. Rabbi Chaim was the chief disciple of the famed Vilna Gaon (1720-1797). Eliyahu ben Shlomo Zalman, known as the Vilna Gaon or Elijah of Vilna and simply by his Hebrew Acronym Gra (" G aon Year 1720 ( MDCCXX) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting Year 1797 ( MDCCXCVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common
Presently the majority of the world's yeshivas and their rosh yeshivas are located in the United States and Israel. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics.
The following is a list of some famous rosh yeshivas:
Current rosh yeshivas
Rav Boaz Mori
Role of mashgiach ruchani
The personal and ethical development of the students in the yeshiva is usually covered by a different personality, known as the mashgiach or spiritual supervisor. Yosef Adler is the Rabbi of Congragation Rinat Yisrael in Teaneck NJ. Rabbi Chaim Yehuda Leib Auerbach (1883 – 26 September 1954 [[Elul] 5714] was one of the founders and first roshei yeshiva of Shaar Hashamayim Yeshiva Rabbi Shlomo Zalman Auerbach ( July 20 1910 - February 20 1995) ( Hebrew: שלמה זלמן אוירבך) was a renowned Rabbi Naftali Zvi Yehuda Berlin (נפתלי צבי יהודה ברלין also known as Reb Hirsch Leib Berlin, 1817 - 10 August 1893 Rabbi Avraham Yitzchak Bloch (1891-1941 was the Chief Rabbi and Rosh Yeshiva of the Telz Yeshiva in Lithuania, and one of the greatest pre-Holocaust Rabbi Moshe Mordechai Epstein (1866-1934 was Rosh Yeshiva of Yeshiva Knesseth Yisrael in Slabodka, Lithuania and is recognized as having been one Moshe Feinstein ( March 3, 1895 – March 23, 1986) was a Lithuanian Orthodox Rabbi, scholar and Posek Nosson Tzvi Finkel may refer to one of the following roshei yeshiva in Orthodox Judaism Nosson Tzvi Finkel (Slabodka (1849-1927 of the Slabodka yeshiva in Rabbi Mordechai Gifter (1915 - 2001 was the Rosh yeshiva of the Telz Yeshiva in Cleveland and among the foremost religious leaders of Orthodox Jewry in the late 20th Refael Reuvain Grozovsky (b 1896 Minsk, Belarus - d 1958 United States) was a leading Orthodox Rabbi, Jewish religious Rabbi Chaim Yaakov Goldvicht (September 1924 - February 7, 1995) was the founding Rosh yeshiva of the major Israeli Hesder Rabbi Eliezer Gordon (1841&ndash1910 also known as Reb Laizer Telzer, served as the Rabbi and Rosh Yeshiva of Telz, Lithuania Rabbi Nachman Shlomo Greenspan (1878&ndashAugust 1961 was an outstanding Talmudic scholar renowned Rosh yeshiva of Etz Chaim in London and Shlomo Heiman (1892-1945 was a Rabbi, Talmudist, and Rosh Yeshiva (dean of the most prominent Yeshivas in Europe and America Yitzchok (Isaac Hutner (1906–1980 was an Orthodox Rabbi and American Rosh yeshiva born in Warsaw, Poland, to a family with both Rabbi Yisrael Meir (HaCohen Kagan ( Dzyatlava, February 6, 1838 - Raduń, September 15, 1933) also known popularly Rabbi Yaakov Kamenetsky ( February 28, 1891 - March 10, 1986) was a prominent Rosh yeshiva, Abraham Isaac Kook (1865–1935 was the first Ashkenazi Chief rabbi of the British Mandate for Palestine, the founder of the Religious Zionist Zvi Yehuda Kook (1891-1982 was a Rabbi, leader of Religious Zionism (usually associated with the Hardal movement in Israel) and Rosh Yeshiva Rabbi Aharon (or Ahroyn Aaron Aron Kotler (1891 - 1962 was a prominent leader of Orthodox Judaism in Lithuania, and later the Rabbi Shneur Kotler (1918 - 1982 was the son of the famed Talmudic scholar Rabbi Aharon Kotler. Rabbi Boruch Ber Leibowitz (1870-1940 ( Hebrew: ברוך בער ליבוביץ) was a main student of Rabbi Chaim Brisker and was famed for his Talmudic Rabbi Dovid Leibowitz (1889-1941 was a leading Rabbi and Disciple of prewar Europe 's Slabodka Yeshiva in Lithuania who went Alter Chanoch Henoch Leibowitz ( June 2, 1918 Aharon Lichtenstein (born May 24, 1933) is a noted Orthodox Jewish Rabbi and Rosh yeshiva. Isser Zalman Meltzer, (1870 - 1953 was a famous Lithuanian Orthodox Rabbi, Rosh yeshiva and Posek. Rabbi Avigdor Nebenzahl is the former Chief rabbi of the Old City of Jerusalem after handing over the post to his son Rabbi Chizkiyahu Nebenzahl Rabbi Avraham Yaakov Pam (1913 - August 16, 2001) was the Rosh yeshiva of Yeshiva Torah Vodaas in Brooklyn Rabbi Yaakov Yitzchok Ruderman (1901-1987 was a prominent Talmudic scholar and Rabbi who founded and served as Rosh Yeshiva of Yeshiva Ner Israel in Rabbi Yisroel Lipkin, better known as " Rav Yisroel Salanter " (November 3 1810 Zhagory - February 2 1883 Konigsberg) was the father of the Rabbi Yechezkel Sarna (1890 - 1969 was the successor to Rabbi Nosson Tzvi Finkel, the Alter of Slabodka, as the spiritual mentor of that Yeshiva Hershel Schachter (born) is a Rabbi and Rosh yeshiva at Rabbi Isaac Elchanan Theological Seminary (RIETS Yeshiva University, in New York Aaron Moshe Schechter (also Aharon Mosheh Schechter) is the Rosh yeshiva ("dean" of the Yeshiva Rabbi Chaim Berlin and its post-graduate Rabbi Gedalyahu Schorr (1910 &ndash 1979 was a prominent rabbi and Rosh yeshiva. Elazar Menachem Man Shach (אלעזר מנחם מן שך (or Rav Leizer Shach, at times his name is written as Eliezer Schach in English publications ( January Rabbi Moshe Shmuel Shapiro (1917-2006 was a Rosh Yeshiva and important Rabbinic figure in Israel. For other people with a similar name see Meyer Shapiro Yehuda Meir Shapiro, ( March 3, 1887 - October 27, 1933 Rabbi Naftoli Shapiro (1906&ndash1981 was an Orthodox Talmudic scholar and Rosh yeshiva in Glasgow for 40 years Rabbi Shimon Shkop (1860-1940 was a Rosh yeshiva ("dean" in the Telshe yeshiva and a renowned Talmudic scholar Rabbi Chaim Leib Shmuelevitz, (1902&ndash1978 was a member of the faculty of the Mirrer Yeshiva for more than 40 years in Poland, Shanghai and Joseph Ber (Yosef Dov Yoshe Ber Soloveitchik (יוסף דב הלוי סולובייצ'יק was an American Orthodox Rabbi, Talmudist and modern Rabbi Adin Steinsaltz (Hebrew עדין שטיינזלץ or Adin Even Yisrael (Hebrew עדין אבן ישראל (born 1937 is most commonly known for his popular commentary Rabbi Naftoli Trop (1871&ndash September 24 1928) was the Rosh yeshiva of Yeshiva Chofetz Chaim in Raduń, Poland. Rabbi Chaim Ben Yitzchok (Chaim Ickovits or Chaim Volozhin (חיים מוולוז'ין also Chaim Volozhiner or Chaim of Volozhin) ( January Elchonon Wasserman ( 1874 - July 6, 1941) was a prominent Rabbi and Rosh yeshiva in pre- World War II Europe Rabbi Yechiel Yaakov Weinberg (1878-1966 was a noted European Orthodox Rabbi, Posek ("decisor" This is a list of current rosh yeshivas: See also Rosh yeshiva Israel Rosh yeshivas of Yeshivas Mashgiach Ruchani ( Hebrew משגיח רוחני) or mashgiach for short means a spiritual supervisor or guide Mashgiach Ruchani ( Hebrew משגיח רוחני) or mashgiach for short means a spiritual supervisor or guide This concept, introduced by the Mussar movement in the 19th century, led to perfection of character as one of the aims of attending a yeshiva. Mussar movement refers to a Jewish ethical, educational and cultural movement (a "Jewish Moralist Movement" that developed in 19th century Orthodox The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar One typical and influential mashgiach was Rabbi Eliyahu Eliezer Dessler. Eliyahu Eliezer Dessler ( 1892 - 30 December 1953) was an influential Orthodox Jewish Rabbi, Talmudic scholar and Jewish philosopher
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