Rose Garden
"The Garden"
Location	1 Center Court Portland, Oregon 97227
Coordinates	45°31′53.44″N 122°40′0.35″W / 45.5315111, -122.6667639
Broke ground	1993
Opened	October 1995
Owner	Vulcan Inc. (Paul Allen)
Operator	Global Spectrum
Construction cost	$262 million USD
Architect	Ellerbe Becket
General Contractor	Drake/Turner
Tenants	Portland Trail Blazers (NBA) (1995–present) Portland Winter Hawks (WHL) (1995–present) Portland LumberJax (NLL) (2006–present) Portland Forest Dragons (AFL) (1997–1999) Portland Pythons (WISL) (1998–1999) Portland Fire (WNBA) (2000–2002)
Capacity	Basketball: 20,630 Hockey/Lacrosse:18,280 Center stage: approx. Portland is a city located in the Northwestern United States, near the Confluence of the Willamette and Columbia rivers A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. Vulcan Inc was founded in 1986 by Paul Allen, co-founder of Microsoft, to manage his investments Paul Gardner Allen (born January 21 1953 is an American computer programmer and entrepreneur who co-founded Microsoft with Bill Gates. Comcast-Spectacor (formerly Spectacor is a Philadelphia Pennsylvania based sports and entertainment company The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been Ellerbe Becket is a Minneapolis Minnesota -based employee-owned firms that is one of the world's largest Architectural firms The Portland Trail Blazers, commonly known as the Blazers, is an American professional Basketball team based in Portland, Oregon. The Portland Winter Hawks are a major Junior ice hockey team playing in the Western Hockey League, a member league in the Canadian Hockey League, the highest This article refers to the junior Western Hockey League For other leagues with the same name see Western Hockey League (disambiguation. The Portland LumberJax (sometimes referred to as the Jax) is a professional lacrosse team in the National Lacrosse League (NLL which started playing The National Lacrosse League (NLL is the league of men's indoor lacrosse in North America. The Oklahoma Wranglers was the final name of a team in the Arena Football League, that also operated in Memphis Tennessee, and Portland Oregon. The Arena Football League (AFL was founded in 1987 as an American football indoor league. The Portland Pythons are a defunct Indoor soccer team that played in the Premier Soccer Alliance (PSA in 1998 which changed its name to the World Indoor Soccer The World Indoor Soccer League was an Indoor soccer league that existed from 1998 to 2001 and consisted of nine teams The Portland Fire joined the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA in 2000 as the counterpart to the NBA team the Portland Trail Blazers Basketball is a team Sport in which two teams of five active players each try to score points against one another by propelling a ball through a 10 feet (3 m Ice hockey, often referred to simply as hockey, is a team Sport played on Ice. Box lacrosse ( boxla, boxcrosse, or indoor lacrosse) is an indoor version of Lacrosse played in Canada and the United States 20,500 End Stage: approx. 15,000 "Theatre of the Clouds": approx. 5,000

The Rose Garden, commonly known as the Rose Garden Arena, is the primary indoor sports arena in Portland, Oregon, United States. An arena is an enclosed area often circular or oval-shaped designed to showcase Theater, musical performances or sporting events Portland is a city located in the Northwestern United States, near the Confluence of the Willamette and Columbia rivers The United States of America —commonly referred to as the It is suitable for large indoor events of all sorts, including basketball, ice hockey, rodeos, circuses, conventions, ice shows, concerts, and dramatic productions. The arena has a capacity of 20,630 spectators when configured for basketball; it holds smaller crowds when configured for other events. The arena is equipped with state-of-the-art acoustics and other amenities. Acoustics is the interdisciplinary science that deals with the study of Sound, Ultrasound and Infrasound (all mechanical waves in gases liquids and solids ^[1]

It is owned by Vulcan Inc., a holding company owned by Paul Allen, and is currently managed by Global Spectrum, a company which manages sports facilities (and which also owns several sports franchises). Vulcan Inc was founded in 1986 by Paul Allen, co-founder of Microsoft, to manage his investments Paul Gardner Allen (born January 21 1953 is an American computer programmer and entrepreneur who co-founded Microsoft with Bill Gates. Comcast-Spectacor (formerly Spectacor is a Philadelphia Pennsylvania based sports and entertainment company ^[2] The primary tenant is the Portland Trail Blazers NBA franchise, also owned by Allen. The Portland Trail Blazers, commonly known as the Blazers, is an American professional Basketball team based in Portland, Oregon. Several other professional sports franchises, and the Portland State University men's basketball team, either currently play home games in the Rose Garden, or have done so in the past. Portland State University (PSU is a public state Urban university located in downtown Portland Oregon, United States. In addition, the Rose Garden is a popular venue for concerts and other artistic productions. ^[3]

Construction on the Rose Garden began in 1993, and the arena opened on October 12, 1995. Events 539 BC - The army of Cyrus the Great of Persia takes Babylon. Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 The arena cost US $262 million to build; construction was financed with funds obtained by a variety of sources, including the City of Portland, Allen's personal fortune, and $155 million in bonds issued by a consortium of mutual funds and insurance companies. The Government of Portland Oregon, a city in the US state of Oregon, is based on a City commission government system ^[4] These bonds would become the subject of an acrimonious 2004 bankruptcy in which the Oregon Arena Corporation, the holding company which owned the arena at the time, would forfeit title to the Rose Garden in lieu of repaying the bonds per the payment terms. ^[5] Allen would later repurchase the arena from the creditors in 2007. ^[6]

Description

For more details on transportation and parking, see Rose Quarter#Transportation and parking. The Rose Quarter is a 30 acre (12 hectare sports and entertainment district located in Portland's Lloyd District on the east bank of the Willamette River

The Rose Garden is a multipurpose arena which is suitable for numerous indoor sports, including basketball, ice hockey, arena football, and lacrosse, as well as for hosting other events such as concerts, conventions, and circuses. Basketball is a team Sport in which two teams of five active players each try to score points against one another by propelling a ball through a 10 feet (3 m Ice hockey, often referred to simply as hockey, is a team Sport played on Ice. This article is about the sport of Arena Football See Arena Football (video game for the EA Sports Video game of the same name Lacrosse is a full contact Team sport played using a solid rubber ball and long handled racket called a crosse or Lacrosse stick. A circus is most commonly a traveling company of performers that may include acrobats, Clowns trained animals trapeze acts Hoopers, tightrope walkers ^[1] The arena is located in a sports and entertainment district known as the Rose Quarter, a parcel of land in inner northeast Portland which also includes the Memorial Coliseum arena, as well as several parking structures, restaurants, and other amenities. The Rose Quarter is a 30 acre (12 hectare sports and entertainment district located in Portland's Lloyd District on the east bank of the Willamette River The Memorial Coliseum is an indoor arena, the oldest part of what is now known as the Rose Quarter area within Portland Oregon.

Name

The official name of the facility is "Rose Garden"; though the arena is commonly known as the "Rose Garden Arena" to disambiguate it from the International Rose Test Garden, also located in Portland. The International Rose Test Garden is a Rose Garden in Washington Park in Portland, Oregon. The name was chosen both to reflect Portland's reputation as the Rose City^[7], and to reflect the importance to basketball heritage of Boston Garden and Madison Square Garden arenas in Boston and New York City, respectively. Portland is a city located in the Northwestern United States, near the Confluence of the Willamette and Columbia rivers The Boston Garden was a famous Arena built in 1928 in Boston Massachusetts. Madison Square Garden, often abbreviated as MSG, and known colloquially as The Garden, has been the name of four Arenas in New York City. The City of New York When the name was selected, the remainder of the former Coliseum grounds were given the name "Rose Quarter".

On December 12, 2007, the Trail Blazers and Vulcan announced that they were seeking a corporate partner to grant naming rights for the facility, with the goal of a new name being available for the Blazers' 2008-09 season. Events 627 - Battle of Nineveh: A Byzantine army under Emperor Heraclius defeats Emperor Khosrau II 's Persian Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Naming rights are the right to name a piece of Property, either tangible property or an event usually granted in exchange for financial considerations ^[8] Until then, the Rose Garden remains one of only a handful of NBA facilities for which naming rights have not been sold. ^[9] Currently, corporate sponsorship is offered on four "media totems" at each of the facility's main entrances. ^[7]

Structure and architecture

The Rose Garden is a precast concrete-framed structure with a roof made up of skeletal steel. Concrete is a construction material composed of Cement (commonly Portland cement) as well as other cementitious materials such as Fly ash and Slag The arena structure encloses a total of over 785,000 square feet (7. 3 hectares), on eight levels, five of which are open to the public. Explanation The hectare is commonly used in most countries around the world especially in domains concerned with land planning and management such as Agriculture, The building is 140 feet (43 m) tall, from the event floor to the pinnacle of the saddle-shaped roof. ^[1] The arena includes a 60 feet by 40 feet (18 m by 12 m) permanent stage, and a 200 feet by 85 feet (60 m by 25. 5 m) ice rink. ^[10]

The building is composed of over 48,000 cubic yards (37,000 m³) of concrete, and over 9700 short tons (8,800 metric tons) of steel. Concrete is a construction material composed of Cement (commonly Portland cement) as well as other cementitious materials such as Fly ash and Slag The short ton ( S/T) is a unit of mass equal to 2000 lb (around 907 This article is about the tonne or metric ton For other tons see Ton. Steel is an Alloy consisting mostly of Iron, with a Carbon content between 0 The exterior is composed of over 29,000 square feet (2,700 m²) of glass, 17500 square feet (1625 m²) of plaster, 52000 square feet (4800 m²) of architectural precast, 39,000 square feet (3600 m²) of insulation, and 13654 square feet (1270 m²) of steel louvres. Glass in the common sense refers to a Hard, Brittle, transparent Solid, such as that used for Windows many ^[1][11]

The building, designed by architecture firm Ellerbe Becket, has been criticized by some in Portland's architectural community. Ellerbe Becket is a Minneapolis Minnesota -based employee-owned firms that is one of the world's largest Architectural firms A survey of local architects and planners was conducted by the Portland Tribune, and subsequently the Rose Garden was listed among the five ugliest buildings in the city^[12]

Seating

Inside of Rose Garden Arena, circa 2001

The arena has a total of over 14,000 permanent seats arranged in two bowls. The Portland Tribune is a free weekly newspaper published each Thursday in Portland, Oregon, United States. An additional 1540 permanent seats are found in the arena's 70 skyboxes. Luxury box or luxury suite is the North American term for a special seating section in Arenas Stadiums and other sports venues Over 4200 portable seats may or may not be installed, depending on the arena's configuration. ^[10] When configured for basketball, the arena has a capacity of 19,980, and can accommodate a total of up to 20,580 patrons with standing room. Prior to the 1998 NBA season the capacity was reduced to 19,980 from the original 21,400 spectators. ^[13] When configured for hockey or lacrosse, capacity decreases to 17,544. The arena supports numerous other configurations for events such as concerts, monster trucks, and circuses. A monster truck is an Automobile, typically styled after Pickup trucks modified or purposely built with extremely large Wheels and suspension. ^[1] The seating below the skyboxes, known as the lower bowl, is further divided into the 100 and 200 levels. The upper bowl seats, above the skyboxes, are the 300 level. ^[1]

Skyboxes and suites

The arena features 70 skyboxes, each with a seating capacity of 22 guests. Skyboxes include amenities such as a wet bar, catering, a private restroom, multiple television monitors, and a sound system. See also Toilet A washroom, public toilet, public convenience, comfort room, toilet room, bathroom, water closet Television ( TV) is a widely used Telecommunication medium for sending ( Broadcasting) and receiving moving Images, either monochromatic ^[1] Skyboxes may be rented on a yearly^[14] or single-event^[15] basis; yearly renters of skyboxes are given access to all Rose Garden events. The arena also features modular party suites, which can be configured either as a pair of 44-person Super Suites, or as one 88-person mega suite. ^[16]

Theater of the Clouds

For smaller, more intimate events, the Rose Garden can be placed into a configuration known as the "Theater of the Clouds". This configuration, part of a trend of large arenas having smaller theater configurations,^[17] places the stage at center court, and utilizes the western side of the arena. ^[18] Custom floor-to-ceiling theater curtains are draped at the edges of the seating area, creating a more intimate setting. As of 2004, on average 10 events per year have been held in the Theater of the Clouds configuration. ^[19] The Theater of the Clouds configuration seats 6,500; with 16 of the 70 luxury boxes being usable. ^[20]

Amenities

Two concourses, the 100 level and the 300 level, are open to the ticket-buying public during events; the 100 level concourse provides access to the lower bowl (including the 200-level seats); the 300-level concourse provides access to the upper bowl. A third concourse, the 200 level, provides access to guest services such as a sports bar, a grill, an executive banquet facility, and several outdoor terraces, including two which permit smoking. A bar (also called a Pub or Tavern) is a business that serves drinks especially Alcoholic beverages such as beer liquor and mixed drinks for consumption Smoking is a practice where a substance most commonly Tobacco, is burned and the Smoke tasted or inhaled A fourth concourse, known as Suite Level, provides access to the skyboxes and is restricted to patrons who have skybox admission. All concourses provide a variety of concession stands. The arena also features 32 public restrooms; women's toilets outnumber men's toilets 3 to 1. ^[1] There are wi-fi hotspots throughout the arena. Wi-Fi (ˈwaɪfaɪ is the trade name for the popular wireless technology used ^[16] The concourses are decorated with historical memorabilia. ^[21]

The primary scoreboard is a Mitsubishi-manufactured high definition video scoreboard. A scoreboard is a large board for publicly displaying the score in a game or match The, Mitsubishi Group of Companies, or Mitsubishi Companies is a Japanese conglomerate consisting of a range of autonomous businesses which share the Mitsubishi High-definition television (HDTV is a Digital television Broadcasting system with higher resolution than traditional television systems (standard-definition This scoreboard, which hangs from the ceiling over center court, features four 15 feet by 22. 5 feet (4. 5 m by 6. 75 m) video screens, among the biggest in the NBA. ^[16] The arena also features over 650 television monitors placed throughout^[1], showing the action on court. Numerous auxiliary scoreboards, located both in the arena itself and the concourses, provide a wealth of statistical information, including "hustle" statistics for basketball (rebounds, blocked shots, and steals). A rebound in Basketball is the act of successfully gaining possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or Free throw. In Basketball, a steal occurs when a defensive player legally gains control of the ball from an offensive player Three media towers, one at each main entrance, provide video of other games in the NBA. ^[21]

Acoustics

A unique feature found in no other multi-purpose arena what is known as the "acoustical cloud". The acoustical cloud is a set of 160 rotating acoustic panels suspended from the Rose Garden ceiling, and were intended to recreate the roar of noise that made the old Memorial Coliseum one of the loudest buildings in the NBA. One side of each 10 feet by 10 feet (3 m by 3 m) panel reflects sound, while the other side absorbs sound. Each panel is shaped like an airplane wing, and is 8 inches (20 cm) thick at the center and 4 inches (10 cm) thick at the edges. The panels permit the acoustics of the arena to be adjusted according to the requirements of the event. Acoustics is the interdisciplinary science that deals with the study of Sound, Ultrasound and Infrasound (all mechanical waves in gases liquids and solids For smaller events in which only the lower bowl of the arena is used, the panels can be lowered to further improve the sound and increase the intimacy of the arena. The acoustical cloud cost US$2 million to design and install. ^[22] The arena is also equipped with a JBL sound system. JBL is an American-Japanese audio electronics company currently owned by Harman International. ^[16] The acoustics of the Rose Garden have been widely praised compared to similar venues. ^[19]

Ownership and management

The Rose Garden is currently owned by Vulcan Sports and Entertainment, a holding company owned by Paul Allen which manages Allen's various sports-related properties. Vulcan Inc was founded in 1986 by Paul Allen, co-founder of Microsoft, to manage his investments Paul Gardner Allen (born January 21 1953 is an American computer programmer and entrepreneur who co-founded Microsoft with Bill Gates. Tod Leiweke is the current president of Vulcan Sports and Entertainment. Tod Leiweke (born January 12, 1960 in St Louis Missouri) is an American sports executive ^[2] Management and operation of the Rose Garden, along with other Rose Quarter facilities, is contracted out to Global Spectrum,^[23] who is under contract to run the Garden until August 2008. Comcast-Spectacor (formerly Spectacor is a Philadelphia Pennsylvania based sports and entertainment company ^[24] Global Spectrum employs more than 75 full-time and 700 part-time employees at the Rose Garden. ^[24] Mike Scanlon is the current general manager of the arena. Global Spectrum was first hired by arena creditors to operate the Rose Garden after Allen lost possession of the arena in a bankruptcy proceeding; Allen has subsequently repurchased the Rose Garden from creditors. Bankruptcy is a legally declared inability or impairment of ability of an individual or organization to pay their Creditors Creditors may file a bankruptcy petition against ^[25] Prior to the bankruptcy, Oregon Arena Corporation operated the arena directly; Global Spectrum has been widely praised for increasing the financial performance of the facility. ^[3]

Tenants and events

Interior during a Trail Blazers game.

The arena's current primary tenant is the Portland Trail Blazers of the NBA. The Portland Trail Blazers, commonly known as the Blazers, is an American professional Basketball team based in Portland, Oregon. Both the Trail Blazers and the Rose Garden are ultimately owned by Microsoft co-founder Paul Allen, who also owns the Seattle Seahawks of the National Football League. Microsoft Corporation is an American multinational Computer technology Corporation, which rose to dominate the Home computer Paul Gardner Allen (born January 21 1953 is an American computer programmer and entrepreneur who co-founded Microsoft with Bill Gates. The Seattle Seahawks are a professional American football team based in Seattle Washington, USA The National Football League ( NFL) is the largest professional American football league. The Trail Blazers have a lease agreement with the Rose Garden which runs through 2025,^[26] and an exclusive site agreement with the City of Portland requires the team to play all home games in Portland (not necessarily in the Rose Garden) through 2023. ^[27]

It is also home to the Portland Winter Hawks of the Western Hockey League, a North American junior hockey league. The Portland Winter Hawks are a major Junior ice hockey team playing in the Western Hockey League, a member league in the Canadian Hockey League, the highest This article refers to the junior Western Hockey League For other leagues with the same name see Western Hockey League (disambiguation. Junior hockey is a catch-all term used to describe various levels of Ice hockey competition for players generally between the ages of 16 and 20 years old Both the Trail Blazers and Winter Hawks previously played in the Memorial Coliseum and moved to the Rose Garden when it was completed in 1995. However, the Rose Garden and the Memorial Coliseum split Winter Hawks home games during the season. The Rose Garden and Portland Winter Hawks hold the Western Hockey League's record for single game attendance with a crowd of 19,103 on March 15, 1997. The Portland Winter Hawks are a major Junior ice hockey team playing in the Western Hockey League, a member league in the Canadian Hockey League, the highest This article refers to the junior Western Hockey League For other leagues with the same name see Western Hockey League (disambiguation. Events 44 BC - Julius Caesar, Dictator of the Roman Republic, is stabbed to death by Marcus Junius Brutus, Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar The Winter Hawks tied the visiting Seattle Thunderbirds, 6–6. The Seattle Thunderbirds are a Junior ice hockey team in Seattle, Washington that belongs to the Western Hockey League. The arena was also built to accommodate a NHL franchise and there has been speculation over the years about Portland landing an NHL team; however this has not occurred. The National Hockey League ( NHL) is a professional Ice hockey league composed of 30 teams in North America A third tenant is the Portland Lumberjax of the National Lacrosse League, who have played two seasons in the Rose Garden. The Portland LumberJax (sometimes referred to as the Jax) is a professional lacrosse team in the National Lacrosse League (NLL which started playing The National Lacrosse League (NLL is the league of men's indoor lacrosse in North America. ^[28]

The arena has hosted numerous other minor-league sports teams as well. In 1997, an AFL team landed in Portland from Memphis as the Portland Forest Dragons. The Arena Football League (AFL was founded in 1987 as an American football indoor league. Memphis is a City in the southwest corner of Tennessee, and the County seat of Shelby County. The Oklahoma Wranglers was the final name of a team in the Arena Football League, that also operated in Memphis Tennessee, and Portland Oregon. Two seasons later, they relocated to Oklahoma City. Oklahoma City is the capital and largest city of the US state of Oklahoma. From 2000 through 2002, the Rose Garden hosted the now-defunct Portland Fire of the WNBA. The Portland Fire joined the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA in 2000 as the counterpart to the NBA team the Portland Trail Blazers In the past, the Portland State Vikings men's basketball team has played home games in the Rose Garden; currently, the team plays its home games in the Stott Center on the PSU campus. Portland State Vikings is the moniker referring to the intercollegiate athletic teams representing Portland State University, Portland Oregon, USA Peter W Stott Center is a 1500 seat multi-purpose Arena located in Portland, Oregon, United States on the campus of Portland State University ^[29]

History

For site history prior to 1993, see Memorial Coliseum.

In the early 1980s, as the National Basketball Association increased in popularity, it became apparent that the 12,888 seat Memorial Coliseum, which was the home of the Portland Trail Blazers at the time, was no longer an adequate NBA facility. The Trail Blazers had sold out every home game since April 5, 1977. Events 456 - St Patrick returns to Ireland as a missionary bishop Also 1977 (album by Ash. Year 1977 ( MCMLXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays ^[30] In 1988, the team was purchased by Paul Allen and made appearances in the NBA Finals in 1990 and 1992. Paul Gardner Allen (born January 21 1953 is an American computer programmer and entrepreneur who co-founded Microsoft with Bill Gates. The NBA Finals is the championship series of the National Basketball Association and the conclusion of the sport's postseason each June Allen soon expressed a desire to build a new arena for his team, and in 1991 chartered the Oregon Arena Corporation, a private corporation with Allen as the sole shareholder, to build and operate a new facility. ^[4] The team soon made an agreement with the City of Portland to build a new multi-purpose arena on the Coliseum's parking lot. ^[31]

Financing

An exterior shot of the arena

The financing of the Rose Garden construction was widely hailed at the time as a good example of public-private partnership; most of the costs were borne by Allen and/or Allen-owned companies, rather than by taxpayers. ^[32] The bulk of the $262 million^[4] construction costs were funded by a $155 million loan from a consortium of lenders led by pension fund TIAA-CREF. TIAA-CREF (Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association - College Retirement Equities Fund is one of the largest Financial services companies in the United States with $420 As Allen was unwilling to guarantee the loan with his personal finances, the lenders demanded an interest rate of 8. 99%, with no opportunity for prepayment. ^[33] Other major creditors included Prudential Insurance, and Farmers Insurance. Prudential Financial, Inc ( is a Fortune Global 500 and Fortune 500 company whose subsidiaries provide Insurance, Investment management, and Farmers Insurance Group is a provider of Insurance management services and a Holding company. ^[34]

The remainder of funds came from the City of Portland ($34. 5 million), Allen himself ($46 million), with the final $10 million coming from a bond backed by box office and parking revenues. BOND (Building Object Network Databases started development in late 2000 as a Rapid application development tool for the GNOME Desktop by Treshna ^[35] In addition, the City transferred to Allen the underlying land. The City maintains ownership of the Memorial Coliseum and the adjacent parking garages, but the right to manage these was also transferred to Allen. In exchange, Allen signed an exclusive site agreement with the city requiring the Trail Blazers to play all home games in Portland for thirty years^[27] The City of Portland hoped that the building of the arena would lead to other renovation or development in the Rose Quarter district, but as of 2008 this has yet to materialize. The Rose Quarter is a 30 acre (12 hectare sports and entertainment district located in Portland's Lloyd District on the east bank of the Willamette River ^[36]

Construction and opening

Ground on the arena was broken in 1993, and the arena opened on October 12, 1995. Events 539 BC - The army of Cyrus the Great of Persia takes Babylon. Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 ^[37] The project included the largest construction and demolition recycling program in the U. S. up to that time, in which 36000 tons (32600 metric tons) of construction waste and 340,000 tons (308,400 metric tons) of dirt were recycled, saving OAC over US$127,000. This effort later won the project an environmental award from the city. ^[38]

The first concert held in the Rose Garden was held two weeks later, when David Bowie performed on October 25, with Nine Inch Nails opening. David Bowie (ˈboʊiː born David Robert Jones on 8 January 1947 is an English Musician, actor producer, and arranger. Events 1147 - The Portuguese, under Afonso I, and Crusaders from England and Flanders conquer Lisbon after a ^[39] The first regular-season game to be played at the Rose Garden was the Trail Blazers hosting the then-Vancouver Grizzlies on November 3, 1995, a 92-80 defeat for the home team. The Memphis Grizzlies are a professional Basketball team based in Memphis Tennessee. Events 644 - Umar ibn al-Khattab, the second Muslim Caliph, is killed by a Persian slave in Medina. Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 ^[4] The arena was originally capable of seating 20,340 spectators for NBA basketball. Its capacity has since been reduced to 19,980 by subsequent modifications. At the time of its construction, the arena was a state-of-the-art facility. Although more recent NBA arenas have surpassed the Rose Garden in amenities, it still is well-regarded as a facility. ^[21] A 2005 survey by USA Today ranked the Rose Garden in the middle of the pack among the 29 NBA arenas; it should be noted that factors unrelated to the venue itself (such as ticket prices and entertainment offerings) are considered in the rankings. USA TODAY is a national American daily Newspaper published by the Gannett Company. ^[40]

Soon after the arena opened, it was the subject of several lawsuits seeking to enforce the Americans with Disabilities Act. The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA is the short title of United States ( codified at et seq One lawsuit (United States v. Ellerbe Becket, Inc. ) was filed by the United States Department of Justice against architect Ellerbe-Becket; another (Independent Living Resources v. For animal rights group see Justice Department (JD The United States Department of Justice ( DOJ) is a Cabinet department Oregon Arena Corporation) was filed by a disabled advocacy group against OAC. Both lawsuits alleged that the Rose Garden (and other facilities designed by Ellerbe Becket) did not provide adequate seating for patrons using wheelchairs, and that the line-of-sight of patrons in wheelchairs was frequently obstructed by standing spectators. ^[41] The first case was settled with a consent decree, wherein Ellerbe Becket agreed to design future projects in compliance with the ADA;^[42] the lawsuit against Oregon Arena Corp was resolved in 1998 when OAC agreed to install over one hundred elevated seats permitting wheelchair-bound patrons to see over standing spectators in front. A consent decree (also referred to as a consent order) is a judicial Decree expressing a voluntary agreement between parties to a suit, especially ^[43]

Notable past events

While the Rose Garden has never hosted the NBA Finals (Portland's last appearance in the Finals was in 1992, three years before the Garden opened), it has hosted two NBA Western Conference Finals series, in 1999 and 2000. The NBA Finals is the championship series of the National Basketball Association and the conclusion of the sport's postseason each June In 1999, the Trail Blazers were defeated by the San Antonio Spurs; in 2000 by the Los Angeles Lakers. The San Antonio Spurs are an American professional Basketball team based in San Antonio Texas. The Los Angeles Lakers are a National Basketball Association (NBA team based in Los Angeles, California. Both teams would go on to win the NBA championship. One NBA-related event the Rose Garden—and for that matter, the Trail Blazers franchise—has never hosted is the NBA All-Star Game. The National Basketball Association staged its first All-Star Game in the Boston Garden on March 2, 1951. The Trail Blazers are one of several franchises to never host an All-Star game; the Blazers' All-Star drought of 37 years is second only to the Boston Celtics, who hosted the game in 1964. The Boston Celtics are an American professional Basketball team based in Boston, Massachusetts, playing in the Atlantic Division of the According to the Oregon Sports Authority, the main issue is hotel space close to the arena; the city of Portland lacks the large "headquarters" hotel needed to host the NBA and media entourage which accompanies the game. ^[44]

In 2004, Portland was selected as one of five cities in the U.S. to host the Dew Action Sports Tour, a new extreme sports franchise to start in 2005. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the AST Dew Tour is a balarina sports tour that consists of five major multi-sport events spanning across the country with a cumulative points system a $2 Titled the Vans Invitational, the event was held at the Rose Quarter from August 17–21. The Wendy's Invitational is the title name for the AST Dew Tour while in Portland Oregon. The Rose Quarter hosted BMX: Dirt and Freestyle Motocross. Freestyle Motocross (also known as FMX) is a variation on the sport of Motocross in which motorcycle riders attempt to impress judges with jumps and stunts The Dew Action Sports will return to Portland for a third year. ^[45]

In the Winter of 2005, the Rose Quarter hosted the U.S. Figure Skating Championships, an event attended by over 100,000 spectators. The US Figure Skating Championships is an annual Figure skating competition organized by U ^[46] The Rose Garden would later host the 2007 NLL All Star Game on March 10, 2007. National Lacrosse League All Star Game is a Lacrosse game played each year between two teams representing the two divisions of the National Lacrosse League (NLL Events 241 BC - First Punic War: Battle of the Aegates Islands - The Romans sink the Carthaginian fleet bringing Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ^[47]

In 2009, the Rose Garden will host first- and second-round games of the NCAA men's basketball tournament. The National Collegiate Athletic Association ( NCAA, often pronounced "N-C-Double-A" is a voluntary association of about 1200 institutions conferences organizations It will be the first time NCAA men's tournament games are played in the state of Oregon since 1983. The state had been under an NCAA-imposed tournament embargo due to sports betting being legal in the state (specifically, the Oregon Lottery's "Sports Action" game, a parlay game which allowed bettors to wager on NFL games), but was awarded 2009 tournament games when the state Legislature eliminated Sports Action from the lottery's lineup. In international Commerce and politics, an embargo is the prohibition of commerce Sports betting is the general activity of predicting Sports results by making a wager on the outcome of a sporting event The Oregon Lottery is run by the State of Oregon. History The Oregon Lottery was enabled by an amendment to the Oregon Constitution approved Parlay is an open API for the Telephone network (fixed and mobile The National Football League ( NFL) is the largest professional American football league. ^[48] In addition to sports, the arena regularly hosts numerous other types of events, including concerts, circuses, ice shows, and conventions. A circus is most commonly a traveling company of performers that may include acrobats, Clowns trained animals trapeze acts Hoopers, tightrope walkers An ice show refers to an Entertainment Production which is primarily performed by ice skaters Such shows may primarily be skating Exhibitions ^[1] Portland State University holds its spring commencement ceremonies at the arena. Portland State University (PSU is a public state Urban university located in downtown Portland Oregon, United States. ^[49]

Notable non-sports related events include the 1998 Portland State commencement ceremony, where the keynote speaker was then U. A keynote in Literature, Music or Public speaking is the principal underlying theme S. President Bill Clinton. William Jefferson "Bill" Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III, August 19 1946 served as the forty-second President of the United States The President, speaking before a packed house in the Garden (including a graduating class of 2000), gave a speech embracing immigration to the United States, and was also awarded an honorary Doctor of Humane Letters from the university. Immigration refers to the movement of people among countries While the movement of people has existed throughout human history at various levels modern immigration implies long-term The degree of Doctor of Humane Letters ( Latin: Litterarum humanarum doctor; D ^[50][51] On June 27, 2000, a Roger Waters concert at the Rose Garden became the basis for the concert video In the Flesh: Live. Events 1358 - Republic of Dubrovnik is founded 1709 - Peter the Great defeats Charles XII of Sweden 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. George Roger Waters (born 6 September 1943 in Great Bookham, Surrey) is an English rock musician ^[52]

Oregon Arena Corporation bankruptcy

Main article: Rose Garden arena bankruptcy

Claiming the local economy was responsible for reduced revenues which made it unable to make payments on the loans used to finance Rose Garden Construction, the Oregon Arena Corporation filed for bankruptcy on February 27, 2004. The Rose Garden bankruptcy occurred in 2004 when the Rose Garden in Portland Oregon was the subject and primary asset in a Bankruptcy filing shifting Events 1560 - The Treaty of Berwick, which would expel the French from Scotland, is signed by England and the Congregation "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " After negotiations concurrent with the bankruptcy failed to produce a settlement, the United States Bankruptcy Court ordered on November 8 of that year that the Oregon Arena Corporation transfer the Rose Garden to the creditors. United States bankruptcy court are federal courts that have Subject-matter jurisdiction over bankruptcy cases. Events 1519 - Hernán Cortés enters Tenochtitlán and Aztec ruler Moctezuma welcomes him with great a Celebration ^[53] A new corporation owned by the creditors, Portland Arena Management (PAM) took over operation of the Rose Garden. ^[5] PAM in turn hired Global Spectrum to operate the arena. Comcast-Spectacor (formerly Spectacor is a Philadelphia Pennsylvania based sports and entertainment company For several years, the Trail Blazers (still owned by Allen) and the Portland Arena Management had a highly hostile relationship,^[54] with the two entities competing for ticket sales. ^[55]

The team made numerous complaints about a "broken economic model",^[56] and there was much speculation that the Trail Blazers might leave. ^[57] The team was put up for sale in the summer of 2006,^[58] only to be taken off the market again several months later. ^[59] Speculation intensified as to what would happen,^[60] and the team and Paul Allen were roundly criticized in the media. ^{[60][34][61][62][63]} Despite the criticism and the team's poor finances the team insisted that bankruptcy was the right move. ^[64]

Early in 2007, Allen and the creditors reached an agreement for Allen to repurchase the arena, and the team and the building were united under common ownership once more. ^[6] After much speculation that Allen would hire Anschutz Entertainment Group (AEG) to replace Global Spectrum, arena management elected to extend Global Spectrum's management contract by one year in the summer of 2007. Comcast-Spectacor (formerly Spectacor is a Philadelphia Pennsylvania based sports and entertainment company ^[24] In September 2007, Global Spectrum announced that the arena would undergo US$13 million in renovations. ^[16]

See Also

• Rose Garden Heliport

References

External links

• Rose Quarter website.
• Vulcan, Inc. official website.
• Global Spectrum official website.
• Portland Trail Blazers official website.
• Portland Winter Hawks official website.
• Portland Lumberjax official website.